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mars roux THE GUARDIAN

lloruiug llslly ilosudsil In llfl) Authorised as Mound Class lluli. Poul Office llflpurtlriolsl, Osbourn. Th0 lslsuil llulhlill Publishing 00. Editor sud llsnuglug llirrator. d B. llurudk Annotate Editor, Irluh llullst.

"The Strongest Memory rs Weaker Thou the Weakest Ink."

CHABLOTTETOWN, TUESDAY, MAY 81, 194D Emphasis 0n itoot Problems

The Rockefeller Foundation, to which we awe the establishment of our free public library service in this Province, has branched out into a new and significant field of research in recent years, according ta the annual review of Presi- dent Chester l. Barnard, which has just been released for publication.

"Until recently," says the report, "the_Foun- dation has given no support to studies in the field of ethics, morals, philosophies and religions, primarily on the ground that it was exclusively one for religious and philosophical schools. How- ever, the field of empirical research related to moral problems is now being considered. An ex- amination of the nature of conflicts of ethical systems today seems an appropriate subject of support, and exploratory efforts are being made. The compelling reason back of this is the belief that there can be no satisfactory solution to the problem of our civilization that does not take into account the ideals and spiritual aspirations of men."

The report emphasizes that knowledge cov- ers a much wider field than mere scientific re- search, The latter does indeed produce a know- ledge of mankind although susceptible of mis- use. But the refinement of every-day knowledge of specific occurrences is far more important and the elimination from it of what is not true or reliable is an indispensable port of the scholarly work of mankind. All this suggests vit- al problems of priority in Foundation poiicy. "What comes first? What needs constant, what needs exceptional support? How does improving the techniques of language instruction com-pare with pure research in, say, physical chemistry? Do yellow fever and malaria eradica- tion take precednce over soil conservation and the development of disease-resistant grains? Above all, what is the relation between the spiritual deficit of our times, and the almost deliberate unwillingness to cooperate? These and analogous fundamental questions go to the roots of the problems of the Rockefeller Foundation because they are root questions of modern so- ciety."

These problems, President Barnard declares, cannot be met by one-sided resolutions or sugar- coated panoceas. "A society that in spite of par- tial knowledge and confusion persists in the en- deavor to control its destinies has need of a careful re-survey of the whole field of unsolved problems." As a scheme that may help "in de- lineating the areas of ignorance and in attaining a much needed new perspective," the Federation is considering the secular needs of mankind un- der the broad headings of Population, Communi- cation and Co-operation.

Last year's appropriation by the Foundation totalled $i4,897,5i9, allocated roughly under the following classifications: public health, $3,000; medical sciences, $l,770,000; natural sciences, $2,800,000; social sciences $2,230,000; humani- ties, $i,500,000; general education board, Si,- 500,000. Of the total appropriated for all divi- sions 74 per cent was for work in the United States and 26 percent for work in other coun- tries.

The purpose of the Foundation is, broadly speaking, "to serve the welfare of mankind." lts freedom has been enhanced by o singular set of circumstances. "lt does not have to make pro- firs, it seeks no funds, is bound by no traditions, has no alumni, represents no political or relig- ious interests, is not an agency of any govern- ment and does not aim to be perpetual." ln seventeen countries the Foundation maintains more or less pKPMUHQHT headquarters or research centres.

Halifax Bicentenary

This year Canada will commemorate the founding of the first British civic settlement, the City of Halifax, 200 years ago, reports the tourist bureau of the Canadian National Railways. The bicentenary of Halifax will be marked by eleven weeks of celebrations in that city including fes- tivals, parades and other pageantry, sports, m-usic and entertainment and other events.

The celebrations, which will extend from June i9 until September 8, will begin and end with special religious ceremonies. On June 2i, the 200th. anniversary of the Nova Scotia city, Lord and Lady Cornwallis, from England, direct descendants of the original founder of the City of Halifax, will take port in the official ceremon- ies. lt was on that day in I749 that a fleet of thirteen transports bearing 2,576 colonists and escorted by the "sloop-of-war Sphinx" reached Chebucto, which was later named "Halifax" in honour of the "First Lord of Trade." The leader of the expedition and founder of Halifax, was the Hon. Edward Cornwallis, twin brother of the Archbishop of Canterbury and an uncle of the Lord Cornwallis who surrendered at Yorktown during the American War of independence.

Halifax is one of the most historical cities in Canada. There stondsaSt. Paul's Church, the oldest Protestant Church in Canada, built in I750. In the chancel there is a tablet to the memory of Sir John Wentwarth, Governor of New Hampshire before lndependen and later of the Province of Nova Scotia. St. Paul's cemetery. where the original colonists and their descend- ants were buried, still exists as a monument to the early settlers, although it has not been in use since I844.

Armies still parade on the site of the par- ade grounds of the original army post back in I749. The Citadel, or Fort St. George, rises high

. above the city. While the strategic military po- sition bf the site dolor back to the time of the ea settlers, the present fart was not built until

, I and took nearly 30 years to complete. To- ky its only significance is its history which owes thousands of carton tourists each year.

considerable interest to visitors. There is the dockyard which was commenced in i759 and has relics and structures of great interest — a mast- house built in i759, a sail-loft in i769 and a clock-tower dating back to i770. ln Point Pleas- ant Park is the "Martelle Tower" erected in i796 by direction of the Duke of Kent, Queen Vic- toria's father, who commanded the military forces of Nova Scotia at that time.

Halifax is the site of the first newspaper, the "Halifax Gazette", to be printed in what is now Canada. There too can be seen the narrow Eastern Passage and how during the American Civil War the Confederate cruiser "Talahasee" made a thrilling dash and escape from the United States warships standing outside the harbour entrance waiting ta capture her.

J EDITORIAL NOIES/

Twenty-eight more days till the election. it * i

South African Day, ‘h *

lt takes the old time contradictory political

meetings — still popular in. Quebec -— to

rouse election enthusiasm.

I i I

Royal Navy and Royal Marines of l939-i945

will obtain their prize money, campaign stars and medals after tomorrow.

Alberta is to hdve ‘a sFpeciaI session of the Legislature called for July 4 to decide the Gov- ernment's policy on the export of natural gas.

‘l i‘ i!

Newfoundland provincial election went as generally anticipated. The voters are delighted at the prospect of baby bonuses and old age pen- sions.

I i 1'

In South Africa racial feeling is so strong that the Government has officially introduced a bill which passed second reading prohibiting marriages between Europeans and non-Europeans.

Q‘ ‘I

French Ambassador Gay has resigned his post, and will return home to resume his duties as a deputy in the French National Assembly. The friends he made here will regret his de- parture.

Q I I

lt is not much when you say it quick, but the United States government has called upon Russia for settlement of its overdue lend-lease account of $il,000,000,000, to end negotiations that have dragged or: for more than two years.

I‘ i

it surely was a tactical blunder to announce to all and sundry, that two candidates were re- sponsible for the recent misunderstanding be- tween the Prime Minister and the Fisheries Fed- eration.

I I ‘ The much publicised American potato sur- plus seems to have already disappeared. Accord- ing to a report in the Saint John Telegraph-Jour- nal the price level for table stock is now between 75 cents and $i above the U. S. support price.

l $ U One of the problems facing the internation- al Federation of Agriculture is urgent need for foodstuffs in various parts of the world, while at the some time surpluses exist in this and other countries. I fi I Fox ranchers will appreciate this. Screams in the night alarmed people at Hastings, Sussex, Eng., and police were called to search for a girl who, it was thought, was being murdered. Noth- ing was found . . . but next day the screamer was seen in a wood nearby. The screams came from a female fox. Q fl I Canada is playing host to delegates to the annual meeting of the International Federation of Agriculture which commences today at Guelph. The i00-odd delegates have been ‘see- ing something of Canadian agriculture although they unfortunately have not been able ta visit this Garden Province. i l‘ i

To make progress in business one must ad- vertise extensively and efficiently Britain has been advised, not before time, for she has been for too long depending on past reputation. Ad- vising British manufacturers to adopt aggres- sive sales tactics to capture marketstin the Unit- ed States and Canada Mr. William Benton, form- er United States Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs, said in Landon that the British should master the American advertising and sales promotion technique.

Going camping ‘thi; slimmer? asks the Na- tional Dept. of Public Health. "l~f you are, the chances are the'milk you buy_ will _not be pas- teurized. Raw milk often carries disease germs that can do more than spoil a pleasant holiday. Take no chances with your- milk. It can be pos- teurized at the camp by a quick, easy method. Make sure you know haw to protect your family and yourself. Your provincial or local health department can give you information on home pasteurization of millc."’

Mr. N. R. Crump, vice-president of the C. P. R. has put into words what railways can and should do far o country, although Maritimers look in vain for such benefits. "It is my firm be- lief," says Mr. Crump, "that the phenomenal de- velopment af our country can in no small meas- ure be attributed to the part played by the roil- woys in the post seventy-five years and if we ore to continue our advance o: one of the world's leading countries, then ‘our railways must be maintained ln a sound finogcial state."

Rev. Dr. Thomas Chalmers, Scottish preach- er and philanthropist died this date I847; min- istered at Kilnveny, Fifeshire, ggd later ot Tron Church, Glasgow, whore he become a noted evan- gelicol preacher; appointed professor of moral philosophy ot St. Andrew's University in i823, and of divinity in i828, was a chief promoter and first moderator of the Free Church of Scot- land; devoted much of his time to philanthropic work. His original publications appeared in 25 volumes; while a volume of selections by Dr. Mas-

rH-a Game-N-

_.,_..._.

GHARLOTTETOWN

“Let's liot Together"

E Old Charlottetown

(And I. I. I.)

i

COLONIAL BUILDING GUARD

From an address by the House of Assembly to Lieutenant Governor Sir Donald Campbell, Feb. 1B, 1848: “The public offices in the Co- lonial building being now finished. and ready for the use of the offic- ers for whom they are provided, the House of Assembly are desirous that those gentlemen should re- move from their present offices to the Colonial Building, with as little delay as possible; nnd the House of Assembly therefore pray your Ex- cellency wiii be pleased to cause the requisite orders to be made, for the occupation of all the public of- fices in the Colonial Building. "The House of Assembly further desire respectfully to bring to your Exceliencys notice, the neces- sity zhat wlll exist for a Military Guard being stationed at the Co- lonial Building. for the protection of the Public Monies, Records, etc., after the some are removed there; and should your Excellency be of opinion that the some cannot be drawn from the small number of Military at present in this Island, the House of Assembly beg your Ex- cellency to represent the some ta the Communder-ln-Chlcf, or to the Imperial Government, in order to obtain an additional number of Military, ea as ta afford additional security to the Public Monies, Re- cords. &c., &c., of the Colony." Saturday, Feb, 19, 1848: "Mr. Mooney, from the Committee ap- pointed to wait upon His Excel- lency the Lieutenant Governor. with the address praying that he would be pleased to cause the re- quisite orders to be made for the early occupation of all the public offices in the Colonial Building, end also that he would obtain a Military Guard, to be stationed at the Colonial Building for the pro- tection of Public Monies, Records. 810., reported the delivery thereof, and that His Excellency was pleas- ed ta say he would comply with the desire of the House."

hwfal...

FROM PARACELSUS

Earth is a wintry clod;

But. spring-wind, like o dancing psalbrese. posses

Over its breast to woken it; rs: verdure ' Buds tenderly upon rough banks, between

The withered tree-roots and the crooks of frost,

Like n. smile striving with s wrink- led face;

The grass grows bright, the boughs are swdln with blooms.

like chtyosllds impatient for the

silt

The shining dorra are busy; beetles run

Along are furrows. out: make their

s o,

Above. birds fly Lu merry floata- the lsrk

Boers up snrl up, shivering for very

JOY. Afar the ocean sleeps: white doti- ing gulls flit where the etrmd ls purple with its tribe 0f nested limpeu; ssvsgo creatures ek

se Their loves in wood sud plain; end God renews

i-lls ancient. rapture!

--Robert Bivwnli‘.

o-lild Story

Precious in the dglii of the Lord, ls iho distill of IID lshil.

A sls-yesr-ald English boy doub- ed uii the paint he could find on n piece of paper nnd then while it we: still wet s cst happened to slt on it. Some wag put it an ex-

‘ ' ' it.

coo C _ '- ' sum ~ .. ‘f: ' 93b‘. ii m . tiff.‘ / "re. l tkliblitf 0F Nu . WFOUND u! y oral: __ i‘ "r.$'i'°ii' u, é- _ nlehih- , “- it- "iiriO

PUBLIC FORUM

this column is open to the discussion by LuIIQIIIDIIdGIIEI of questions of Interest. The j Gusrdlsu does not ucoennr- i. lly endorse the opinion or . correspondents.

r}00i>¢ TAXATION AND TRADE

Sir.—-A letter under the heading of Taxation and Trade appeared in your valuable paper on Saturday. “J.F.W." tries to explain something about taxes, when he himself pays none, If he were farming to- day he would probably know what it meant to be fieeced on taxes. "J.F.W." is dyed so in the Liberal wool that he cannot see anything only what the Liberals do: every- one else is wrong, and he believes everything the "big shots" say. He finishes off by having a crack at thr- Prlnce County seat; it seems to be worrying the Liberals. Well so they might worry n: they are beginning to see the hand-writing on the wail! What about the men the Liberals brought down to run for a seat in Prince County when "WY couldn't get a seat anywhere else?

1’ em, Sir, etc.

AN OLD BEDEQUE LIBERAL. May 30, 1949.

PEN-FRIEND WANTED

Sin-I would like a girl pen- friend in Charlottetown or Prince Edward Island, and was wonder- ing if you could help me. l rim 1'! years of age and s student. Thanking you. I em, Sir, etc.

HEATHER DUNCAN. Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

SHUT-HE'S DAY

Sir,-Shut-in'| Day is a day set uiiide to encourage the public to take thought of the lick and shut- tne. by remembering them either by calling on them, or by sending n letter, card or some other token of one‘: thoughtfulness. That object Would be greatly helped by the following methods:

Florists: If they would mention shut-ins Day in their advertise- ments it would be greatly appreci- sled.

Confectionery, Department stores. etc.: May we suggest lpeclai dis- plays of gifts suitable for the sick and disabled. That Get-Well curds be put on display and especially they also include mention of Shut- ln'| Day, Sunday, June 5th, in their advertllementl.

I am Sir, etc..

S. I. D. Asloelstlon, per D. Gen.

Fly Fishing Owes Dent To Professor

(New York Times)

FASADIWA, Calif. - The men who perhaps has done more than any other to reduce fly fishing to s. science is, appropriately enough,

s scientist.

lessor of civil engineering at. the California Institute of Ibchnology, has spent his spare time for more than forty years applying know- ledge of the classroom and labora- tory to the hobby of fishing. “To pretend at least, that. you sre fishing intelligently," he told e gathering of students, "you have to know something about entomol- ogy, hydraulics, optics, chemistry and meteorology. A trout has few brains, but. he can make u fool out. of any man." Pursuing the meteorological op- proach. Professor Michael has 5st- lsfled himself, after extensive ex- perlmentaclon. that 1t is a waste of time to fish on e falling barom- eter. - I O I

Likewise, he has established that the ideal water temperature for catching fish ls from 50 to 65 de- grees, and when it gels up to 74 you might as well give up. As the

pops them up.

rise to fl1es-—or why they won't. Far from fishing being just a mutter of presenting attractive bait, Professor Michael explains. the fisherman ls faking highly specialized parts of the life cycle of living files. Female flies deposit. their eggs an the water. They sink Io the bottom and hatch into larvae which sometimes attach themselves to submerged objects. Later the young insect, or "nymph." rises to the surface to get air. The ar- tificial wet. fly imitates this action.

Once on the surface the nymphb wings unfold, but it often floats downstream some distance while they are drying or developing. This 1s what ls imitated with a dry fly.

O i O

More than half the success cf dry-fly fishing depends. the PTO- fessor thinks, an the way the 11y is presented.

"If there ls the slightest cross pull or drag motion imparted to the fly." he says, "the chances are that the fish will refuse 1t.”

Hence a cast. which lays the lender on the water in n loop caus- ing the fly to drift naturally over the fish ahead of any line, is ex- tremely valuable.

Fish can spot lines and a lot be- sides, Professor Michael declared. which makes it n cardinal point. for the fisherman to perfect “the trouVs point of vie-w."

"A trout." he holds, “usually points upstream, into the current. The fisherman approaching from downstream has a distinct advan- tags.

“The surface of thc water looks to the fish like a mirror, with un- der-waler objects reflected in it. with the exception of n circular urea directly overhead. which ls like a window to the trout. The closer la the surface the trout ls the smaller the window and the smaller the chance that he sees

you. "Refraction - thebendiniz of light by the water — makes a

man standing slx feet above the water, fifteen feet away, look

Refrigeration

SALES and SERVICE Repairs To All Makes

MDTDRS

Rewinding and Repairs ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE

Repairs

Palmer Electric PHONE i444

lllIlliKlES

BY KEll REYNOLDS

i :- "f

hlbitlon and critics p. sn excellent example of modern art. This confirms one of our long-

torrnan was issued in 190i: "The public, why tho

Tliooldtewnsloolierecteiiioimloef

public is no better than a great baby."

standing suspicions. — Detroit Free Press. ‘

dlan blanket I offered for Midi’:

"Are there any answers to our Guardian Wont Ad for that ln-

Dr. W-liilam M. Michael, pro- cast in s football pool end out back

water temperature rises, he ex- g5g1n]|bergy_ s°c‘al1‘mmenn'th. plains, the OXYEEn content. of the community ln bonds. If you estab- wuter becomes less and the 115i! set sluosish and uninterested in the most comprehensive, universal food, Conversely, aeration of the water, as by a converziw Slfeflm.

Entomology explains why fish your food, your clothes, your ma-