raoarouiz THE GUARDIAN

THE GUARDIAN. tJHAR'.t)'l"TETt')lVN

-Overplucked

. .. DECEMBER 11. 1.5 'in the general level of productivity. ' E In redistribution of a smaller labor force

Lessons From. Europe

, over a larger acreage in that 15 year term, Authurlzed as second Class Mall Post office . 53 the average acreage handled per man ln- V-7 - . . Department, Ottawa. 3- "F 9 -4 The lalluul Guardian Publishing Co. creased by more than 41 per C9nt'CfrOnl 247 g I , , T . Q "'-"-DZ g A my & CIRCULATION acres per man to 349 acres. How this was - , , 5 C S-C ,2-ms ....... I'nt:il City ;l.oue 3.70;. brought out is indicated by further fig- Qm I we m.gggg,...--cc , 3 Plly qliieo P. Mclisaac n.-um Trlulnz Zone 3.457 . ,1 t I V th number of tra tors on V L . E : art ree (cont nued) 3-litaingiil riiiIi”:: ................. W- 13.3: fldfrjis 1tEi'ebsle1ccl"ai1de the number of farm mbk ””' Rlgll” R”""'”” . .. . .. , Qrrwe VWV05. OF WFl.Af 0!-l ll” . -- tluclfs increased 10-fold between 1931 and i (mgun-, 1.-nmucg Am; ,NsunM-CH

President and Associate Editor. Inn A. Burnett. Associate Editor, Fr-nk Walker.

1946, while the number of horses on prairie

Lj-

farms has dropped to only a little more than Credit finance End lnlllmnce l8 many are available-in n, . . g . ' a specialized field of business vhlch C 9 lltld "The Strongest Memory as Weaker Than a third of the figure in 1926. requires spam! apmudes Bnnuapr Sglzgcilsgreltggiugglcthlnsurancr.

. 6 P i' . cxal offlce,or agency of tlircmivlg operative insurance company and perhaps, house under the same

clai training. And it is really all one field-money and finance. All services cannot be provided through one organization, but on

the Weqkest ink". As mechanization increased so did the

(.;m,(L,,-1--1-E-,.0wNg .wEsDM.' DEC. ,,g u,,,,"''' average size of farms. In the 15-year pc- --- --------- '1-iod under review the number of farms in

Safeguarding iluallty

The close check on the quality of po- tatoes and other vegetables promised by Mr. C. E. Shaw of the Fruit and Vegetable Inspection Service will be to the advant- age of producers and distributors as well as to the housewife. Successful market- ing depends upon acquiring the confidence of prospective purchasers and it is recog- nized that such confidence is much more readily destroyed by the sale of even a small quantity of low grade products than it can he crcatcd by fair and careful deal- ing.

Government. inspection, however, has its limitations and can only assist rather than rcplacc carcful merchandising and prudent shopping. llouscwives who do not insist on getting the quality that they pay for tcnd to lower the standards all around and the merchant who allows such indiffer- ence to lull him into a careless habit will himself be the loser.

The maintenance of high standards of quality means that the consumer's hard

the trade benefits by good merchandising practice and a high level of sales.

The Suez canal

In view of the Suez Canal being so muchl

in the limelight of late, it will be of interest to our readers to recall that a Prince Ed- ward Islander played a prominent part when the Canal was opened to traffic on Novem- ber 18, 1869.

The late Mr. Fred W. Ilyndman, who

R ' l "l t ' ' i d curncd dollar buys full value and also thatl 053 M U Cb dmun

the prairie provinces of less than a section in size dropped by more than 10 per cent and the number of them with more than a section increased by more than 17 per cent. By 1946, out of these changes, almost half of the occupied farm land in the three prairie provinces was in farms of a section or more in size, and with about one-fifth in holdings of two sections or more.

These figures, it is emphasized, are averages for the three prairie provinces as a whole. As a result they include mixed farming regions in the parklands and irri- gated areas, where individual holdings are much smaller. It follows that they under- state the changes that have taken place through mechanization in the wheat belt of the open prairies. Their chief value is to indicate a trend, but they do not reg- ister the effects of the tremendous advances in mechanization that have been made since the end of the war.

EDI IORIAI. NOIES

the world cel- ,c-bratc the accession of H. M. the King lthis date 1936, O The prospects of a White Christmas will boost the lagging sales of children's ;sleighs.

Q I

O , Princess Elizabeth has accepted the ap-

lpointmcnt of honorary patron of the Royal iCanadian Air Force Association.

0 O

With the Christmas rush in full swing and reduced staff, postmen must feel that

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f'3”9d. "l lh? R0-W1 Paly fol many -Vealsvlthcy are earning cvcry cent of their pay in- ln various ships, and in many parts of thexcreasgl

world, had the distinction of being an of- ficer on the II. M. S. ”Ncwport" which head- ed the fleets of all the nations to Port Said, LJgvpt.. and fired the Royal Salute at the opening ceremony, as the Empress Eu- genio of France. the Emperor Francis Jos- cph of Austria and the Crown Prince Wil- liam of Prussia arrived for the inauguration.

Thc lntc,hlr. Ilyndman also had the dis?

tinction of paying the first canal dues for any vcsscl passing through the Suez Canal.

Mr. J. O. llyndman, son of the late Mr. llyndman. has in his possession a photo album and also an interesting diary of his father's experiences in different: parts of the world during the time he served in the Royal Navy. The photo album has a re- niarl-znbly preserved large photo of the Suez Canal taken at the time of the opening. Among the ships on which the late Mr. lviylidnlall served were the "Duncan". ”.'Nilc". ”Formidablc" and Nelson's famous ship the "Victory".

The late Mr. llyndman issued a booklet cniitlcd "Seven Historic Events" in which he participated during his service in the Royal Navy. The Guardian has had an op- portunity to review this old photo album. and we doubt if there is another in Canada of such historic value.

When the late Mr. Hyndman retired from the Navy and returned to Prince Ed- ward Islnnd, he entered the insurance busi- ness, and was the founder in 1872 of the well known firm of Hyndman & Co. Lim-

itect. Western Farm Trend The Department of Agriculture in-

Saskatchcwan has revealed that more than half of the agricultural societies in that province arc dormant as a result of rel- atively rceent changes in farming practices. In region after region these changes have produced a situation in which the popula- tion is no longcr sufficient to provide the leaders needed to keep agricultural societies operating successfully.

Movement toward this situation, notes an exchange, has been under way ever since the shift from animal power to me- chanical power began following the First World War. It has been particularly rapid in the past five years, although the exact record of what has taken place in them will not be known until the breakdown of 1951 census figures is complete. Earlier records. however, give a clear enough indication of the trend of events.

In the 15 year period between 1931 and 1946. for instance, the number of persons gainfully employed in agriculture on the prairies declined by more than 17 per cent, but in the same period there was an in- cnease by more than seven per cent in act-

! I 9

v, There must be something especially at-

,tractive in the Island that induces two ,Maine boys to run away from home in the ilcar of one of their parents to spend Christ- gmas here.

i It takes no wizard to forecast that -,thcre will be disagreements on certain sub- ljccts to be discussed between Churchill and lTruman. What would be news would be an authoritative statement there would be ,no disagrecmcnt.

l O

A level crossing fatality in Ontario ,-brings this prudent advice fol' motorists. 7If stalled on such a crossing the thing to do is not try to re-start the engine but shift to reverse and back off using the starter for power.

0

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No City Council has authority to im- pose a public holiday on its citizens. The most it can do is to declare one, leaving it

to the individuals concerned to observe itl lthat is just what has

or not. If a penalty be attached, the Coun- cil niay seek to have it applied by law, then comes ”thc proof of the pudding."

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Next year will see accomplished the re- prision of the Statutes of Canada, the Crim- linal Code and the Statutes of Prince Ed- 'ward Island so that for a time at least it will be possible to determine the statute law ion almost any subject without driving into

iancicnt history.

I U 0

Production Minister I-Iowc's description of Canada's armament programme as the biggest in peacetime history is true but calculated to cause undue complacency. This country never had a peacetime defence effort that can be compared with what is required today.

0

Prime Minister Churchill is able. to take a double-length Parliamentary adjourn- ment until January 9 because, unlike his predecessor, Mr. Attlee, he has no vast and intricate plans for regulating British in- dustrial life. Consequently he is able to escape the burden of averting defect in the House and presumably take time to think about what can be done.

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As a sequel to the census, Nova Scotla is likely to lose one seat in Parliament, Manitoba two seats, and Saskatchewan five. Three of the seats in jeopardy are those of Agriculture Minister Gardner, C. C. F. Leader Caldwell, and P.C. J. G. Diefen- baker. Quebec will have two more seats, Ontario three, and British Columbia three. This Province will retain its present num- ber of representatives as settled by legisla-

"Fl "M39 "ii l"'.:!S!'..1l'99ler ingress:

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tign.

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(As for

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the "discussion by ..-mesponrlenta of questions of interest. The Guardian does not necessar- ily cndors the opinion of uu espondents.

srnunrhtiaralns

Sir, - I noticed in The Guardian in picture of B new cattle pen which was erected on Belmont Avenue this Fall. I did not notice any pic- tures of the wonderful street which is in front of those cattle pens. It is bad enough to have our City Council allow cattle pens to be built on our city streets, but at least they might make the streets pass- able to the residents by putting ashes or gravel on same. Heavy trucks and machinery go up and down this street every day and the street is cut; to pieces with this heavy machinery.

This is one of the many streets in our city which really needed at- tention this past summer and re- ceived none. What it needs now to make it passable is gravel or ashes and not that red mud which was put on other streets this Fall Let us have this street attended to at once before someone gets stuck in the mud and is unable to get out.

I am. sir. etc. CHARLES E. WORTH. Belmont Ave. Charlottetown.

A NATIONAL POLICY lb

lI)Iil)

Sir,-Your editorial of Dec. 8. under the heading of Price Sup- ports. to my mind deserves more thnn just a passing glzmcc; and if

there is to he :1 sliortalzc in tiny one of the many agriculture pro-v ducts certainly it will not he the

lnrmcrs that are hurt. The urban, dwcllcr is the one who suffers.

and that through no fault or his

own. But as in the msc of pot.-1-1 lacs where the farmcr has given away lhrcc crops in three )0-'Il'”S slrlliglit, thcrc comcs n time when he cannot afford to grow pola- ioes only for his own use nnd

happened i during the past year. I

Now it is pork nnd pork pro- ducts that are being givcn nwny. us the producer is call- corned, while the pork is not bringing anything near the cost of production. the pm.-kcrs' divi- dcnds are evidently going higher nnd higher. Likc the potatoes this year. when ncxt year comes around there is no good reason why uny former should have one nil: for sole nnywhcrc in Cfinnfln. In view of the low price for our pork Jim Gardiner tells the Bri- lish people that Canada has no bacon or pork products to sell to them. This is according to press reports. The only remedy for this hit and miss mcthnd llcs in the sctiinx: up of an alzrlmiliurn pol- icy for the whole of Canada.

7 nm. Sir, etc. W. B. MrLEl.I.AN. Alma, I". E. I. SPENDING CHRISTMAS Pm.

Sir. - A year has rolled by since I wrote about Christmas 1950. and once more what about this happy season? Are we going to spend it at home in a nice. quiet war, watching the clock strike the mid- night hour and thinking of man's redemption, of Christ the King coming in this dark hour when the teeth of nations are being sharpened to razor edges and the blood of hatred boils through the veins of war-crazed humans who hate their fellow men more and more each day? Or will we be too busy or blind to watch for that holy hour and spend the period in A drunken stupor. blind to what is going on and bringing sorrow and misery ;o our homes and the homes of others?

There Ire many -who will have to spend Christmas in hospitals and other places of confinement. but they will welcome the happy season with their prayers. prayers that we hope will soon bring them home again. '

Let us make our homes. how- ever humble. I place where we fsthers and mothers will see the midnight coming of Christ in the

'3-lt:AtA'A9& -

i3 f Notes By

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..,Deer hunting has been banned in Southern Ontario by the Department of Lands and Forests No reason is given. but many falrmcrs have opposed deer hun- ting on the ground that it would be dangerous for them and their livestock. The farmer confronted by the vision of hordes of trig- ger happy city dwellers popping off at everything that moves, is understandably hesitant. - Lon- don Free Press.

The commanding officer of the French aircraft carrier Lafayette at Philadelphia, according to the weekly France-Amerlq.ue, recently sent a rush order to Paris for pompoms. Pompoms are llittle worsted balls which Bench blue jackets wear on the crowns of their traditional headgear. It seems that Philadelphia girls had appropriated them for souvenirs: not a sailor answered roll call with his pompom. The French com- mander's order was for 5,000 pom- poms-just in case. --Kansas City Star.

Monster eels, up to 100 fcetlong. may be swimming in the deepest ocean waters, according to Hakon Mielche. a writer attached to the Danish round-the-world deep sea expedition. He said the expedition found six-feet-long larvae of eels at great depths off the Philip- pines. "This means that monster deep-sea eels could exist.” he said. The 14 natural scientists aboard the specially-equipped Danish Navy frigate Galathea also found fish at 22,000 feet, the greatest depth at which fish have been found. Most of them had no eyes. They also found good-eating shrimp at 5000 feet. each weighing a pound (Fort William Times-Telegraph).

Quo an 'W(Vl.VVV.V A I '

The Way I

all, and they couldn't very well fine a person sit) for being that way when he wasn't. Could they? so instead of laying out 310 on the jagv and putting in lo days in the jug, you don't have to be 9. student of differential calculus or any other branch of higher math- ematics to see at s glance that with a little foresight he could have been miles ahead on the deal. -Ottawa Citizen.

we urea that there should be no profanity in plays produced an the radio, The radio in one's liv- mg room is not, after all, like a motion picture theatre, a legiti- mlte theatre playhouse, or even a book. It can be turned on at will by children as well as adults. whereas children can be kept away from theatrical plays. mo- tl'on pictures or sordid or too real- istic novels. We trust that the chairman of he CBC Board of Governors will see to it that there is no more profanity over our na- tional netwokrs. As John Diefen- balner, MP for Lake Centre, Sask.. says, there is unnecessary profan- ity on the airwaves today and it. should be cut out. All adults who realize that there are radios in al- most every Canadian household will agree. - Lethbridge Herald.

American colleges In general have consciously been fostering an "evil system of commercialism and over-emphasis" - 3. system which offers an ideal climate for the fix- ing of basketball games. Actually, it isn't a new system. Nor. it must be sadly admitted, is it. likely to die out because of the current dis- closures. In both basketball and football, colleges and college alumni demand winning teams, in the belief that these are es-

Ilurltlng season fatalities prompted some comment in news- pnpcrs in both Canada and the United states, but It. was up to the- Brantford Expositor to express' jubiliallon when Ontario offlclalsi called off the deer hunting season in the southern portion of the province. said the Expositor: "Des- pltc an offer of free eye examina- tions for hunters . A Vermont op. tomctrist's white horse has been, shot and killed - mistaken for a deer. Well. some of these once-a- ycnr Nimrods never seem to know a deer from a. dinosaur, anyway. Fortunately for horses, cows and humans in this part of Ontario, the Powers That Be have called off the slaughter for this season. Unfortunately it is not only the once-a-year hunters who shoot at other than deer, or gets shot at!- Sudbury star.

A Western paper calls attention to an almost incredible incident out that way. wherein a man who got himself an overload of juniper Julce had to spend 10 days in the pokcy because he didn't have :10 to pay the fine. How d'ya like that-a niggardly credit of a dol- lal in day and board! On the other hand, if he hadn't thrown his dough around on the stuff he got drunk on. he very likely would have had the 310 the law nicked him for getting the bun on. But

faces of our children as they smlln in their sleep with the vision of Santa. passing before their eyes. and the vision of Christ the King will shine for us and for them. In the light of their eyes we will see the real Joy of Christmas. The answer to what we are working for will come in those tender voices and in the feeling of little arms around our necks.

No matter who we are or what we are. Christ the King is coming to us all, coming to bless our homes, and to. kill the hatred of

is short. eternity is long; let as re- member this wlll be the last. Christmas here for many of us. Let us all prepare now to make it the happiest one ever. I sin, Blr, etc..

WALTER. A. O'BRIEN

2 Hlllsboro BL.

Charlottetown

he wouldn't have been soused at V

human souls for one another. Life '

scntlnl to sound finances and solid prestige. Perhaps the basic fault is the publlc's, for it is the public (the "subway alumni," we call them hen.-abouts) which year af- ter year fills up the football sta- diums and the basketball arenas. But one is justified in putting the biggest burden of blame on the colleges. for. after all. it is the colleges which are supposed to train the spiritual and intellect- uni leaderslof the :nstlup.- New York Herald Tribune.

ing dimes and nickels

days from returning.

We must emphasize the that in this field, too. a splendid Job was done in the early days, There was then no other method; the P1'0Dosal of 3 small credit union in each community to pm. vlde small loans and encourage small savings was then highly ;e- commended. It was perhaps the Only way that it start could have been made. But in the field of finance today. as in fishing and farming. times have changed and conditions are different. we must admit that people are not saving sufficiently in our credit unions and that most credit unions can- not provide the loans or financial services their members require. The credit-buying and install- ment-psyment system is now wide- spread. Its long range effect is to increase the boom and to further depress the slump. Our approach to credit today should not be based on the narrow or pcssilnlstif; idea that the farmers or working class- es are the down-troddcn class and that they will never be in a posi- tion to pay reasonable rates of in- terest lor credit or is fair rate of remuneration for an efficient in- surance service. The financial se- curity of all working people and the stability of their lncomes,mus: be raised to a. point where they can afford to pay reasonable rates of interest for their loans, borrow sufficient capital to equip their farms and other means of liveli- hood, effect. efficiency in their work and homes and make life in their community as attractive as

possible.

too

The important points are that people do have control of their savings and that they can obtain credit, when they really need it. without too much inconvenience. It Is our belief that the time has come for an over-all plan of amalgamation. Our local credit unions must be established as full- time. efficient credit organizations in the business centers of the Province, each with at least a manager on a full-time basis. It is not. necessary that a checking sys- tem be made available to members immediately. but, as soon as the necesary legislation and regula- tions can be worked out, exchange facilities would be most desirable. Credit Union members could then have their complete account with the local Credit Union; Co- operatives and other orrznnizatinns could also use the local Credit Un- lens for their financial business when convenient. In addition to that. our marketing organizations. instead of sending individual cheq- ues to each farmer could send the statement. to the farmer and a blanket cheque (covering returns to all the patrons in any particular dlstrlctl to the local Credit Union or to his Bank.

There are. at least. three distinct advantages to this: first. instead of the dairy having to issue and mail several hundred or perhaps several thousand cheques per month. onlv several dozen would have to be issued, stamped. and mailed. thus decreasing overhead costs in the buslness. Second. it helps develop greater understanding and working relationship between the various organizations, l.e., the dairy and the Credit Union, Third. by using

crs can more easily develop .1 business-like method of financing their operations and keeping rc-

gf-Fu'u'u's'laPu'a('t-'-'l-Ft-'u'u'lnPo'sWn'sW-'-' .

.,Tlie Age-tlld Story

.9? .”Po'Afu'u'd's'-H-HsWs'fu'l-'ls5'Pd

Yet, now hear, 0 Jacob my serv- ant: and Israel, whom I have chosen: thus saith the Lord that made thee, and formed thee from the womb, which will help thee; Fear not. 0 Jacob. my servant; and thou, Jesurun. whom I have chosen. For I will pour water upon him that is thirsty. Ind Iloods upon the dry (round: I will pour my spirit upon thy seed, and my blessing upon thine offspring.

r0w0&rCOmeIO'f-C0mC9? l Old Charlottetown (Am! r. s. I.)

WINTIW nL'As:rs

xi 1:

"The very fine weather which has prevailed during the whole of the Autumn. has suddenly changed into a regular North- wester, accompanied with s heavy fall of snow. The storm com- menced on Thursday night. the 21st, and continued up to our go- ing to press. A new Brll. lust launched, moored to Mr. Pea g Wharf. was capsized by"the Hiiim

the night, and is now full of star; and a new Bark. put- ward bound, not on shore at the entrance of the harbour. The tide roae this morning higher than we ever witnessed it before. breaking up timber booms and sending all adrift. The ferry boats have been unable to cross the harbour to-

y. -The Jslander, Nov. 32, 1850.

cords.

I The manager of the Credit Un- ion could also be the local agen). of the Co-operative Insurance Company and when a person comes in to make a deposit ortake out a loan, or to do some other buslness, he could also renew his automobile or fire insurance policy or discuss general insurance prob- lcms. , savings agencies of the Credit Union could be organized lament: the pupils of each school district and. from the educational point of view the Credit Union manager could 0CCB!lOI1ull,V vi.-ah those schools and discuss with the pupils problems in the field of economics finance, credit and insurance. teaching them exactly what me: on in this field. fostcrlnr: their confidence in the co-operative wav of doing business. anttat the same time encouraalna and developlnil in them the habits of thrift. sav- ins. and book-keeping. The local people would not on- tirely lose control of this lnrac Credit Union: In fact, the direct- ors would have morn services to offer. more responsibility. and thus more interest in it than undcr the present system. Committees could be appointed on a representative basis. and, with in strict and delin- lte system of supervision from the central office with respect to In- terest rstes. financial trends. etc.

.' permission to make loans up to

certain limits and in certain cir- cumstances could be givcn to the local manager.

In order to have efficiency. con- trol, and to cut down ei:penaos.thn duties of the credit committee might be incorporated into those of the board of directors. The Credlt Union League or central ot- ilce would then. of nan:-altv he a Provincial co-operative credit society staffed by specialists-

the local level in this Province these might form a most satisfact- ory ccmbinatlon. The days of sav-

What we need is to work out a 3 System which will prevent these d

fact

a personal chequlng system. farm- l

Charlottetown. ' C . 0

Matters of local credit,

for three or four meetln the winter. Under this system (0,, the expenses involved in the pr Seni System of auditing nnd 52-- vislon would be reduced. A gm; dent of the educational work coulfl b3 dime blf holding in the co-mi. emtlve school. short courses. im- managers, directors. and secretar- ies. at least once a year,

In conluuctlon with those 10.,- Crcdit Unions. there should hp. livlnlz accommodations at-aliam, for the manager. This plan mm, take several years to put into ef- fect, but there are several rcztnng and areas rt-adv for such an ex. pcrlmcnt now. It might be lltlkslhlr ti adjust Credit Union hounrlams. to correspond with those of in- proposed new electoral and Fcde. ration of Agriculture districts.

We have seen from the appraisal that there is great need for rx. tcndcd life insurance in this Pru- vlncc. But there is greater in-rd for the people themselves kcrpin: control of their insurance dollars We must build up our financial institutions in some workable man. nor as suggested above. to control our investments and to have mon- cy available both to our membrrs as individuals and to our organ- izations. to keep not only abreast, but a little ahead of modern de- vclopments.

C0-ordination Of All

The abolition of Provincial rc- operative unions by amalgamation with regional wholesales, and eventually the abolition of mem- bership fees from local co-opcrat- ives, is suggested for reasons of greater unity and practicability. For the same reasons a "Maritime Co-operative Union” is suggested. But this Maritime union would be a union of co-operative, farm, and labor federations in each of the four Provinces. It would be a union of the Provincial and Man'- time labor and agricultural fede- rations and would include tin Maritime Co-operative Wholesale, the various specialized marketing hoards. Maritime health services. Maritime power and hydro. ctr. Tins organization could thrn be responsible for publishing a week- ly newspaper as the official organ of each and all of its affiliated members. It could arrange for the publication of a technical jotlrnal and news-letter covering general trends in finance. marketing,mcr- chandlsing. manufacturing. ctr. for the business officials of the co-operatives and marketing scen- cics. In conjunction with the col- lcge Extension Departments this "Maritime Co-operative Union" could be responsible for prnnmtlni and co-ordtnatlng the adult edu- cation work among its members. Here, too, might be the center nl research for the various people”! organizations.