PAGE roux THE GUARDIAN

llorninn Daily tlonlldou in Ila!)

jnlhorlwd no UOOUIII-l Clan: llnll- Pill! 9m"! Department, Ottawa. The hlnad Uunrdlnn Publinhln 00. Editor nlld llnunging hirer-tor, J. it. Burnout

i Aumilnto Edit-iii, Prlnl Walker. fTho Strongest Memory is Weaker The:

tho Weakest Ink.“ cuancorrrzrowrv, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 2s, p949

heartening Facts

l r

in these days when there is talk of o_ reces- sion just around the corner, the Investment Deal- ers of Canada, in annual meeting at Minoki, Ont., lost week, were served up some heartening facts. For one thing, Canadians have more money than ever before. Bank savings accounts number 6,600,000 for a totol of $4,048,000,000 as com- pared with 4,000,000 accounts in 1934 with an overall total of $1,370,000,000. What's more, to- day's accounts with bolpnces over $1,000 num- ber 887,000 more than three times as many as 15 years ago.

Besides high cash balances, employment is higher now than at this time last year, the latest figures showing 4,700,000 people at work -- more than 30,000 above 1948,. Today there arc only about 110,000 Canadians out of work-—Iess than three per cent of the total working force. In statistical circles this is regarded as "full em- ploym:nt" — allowing fcr seasonal and other layoffs in some industries, people on the move and other similar factors. In pre-war d-oys such o percentage of employment would have been regarded as phenomenal.

So, irrespective of what lies ahead -- and on prosperity prospects economists disagree -— times ore still good. There is plenty of purchasing pow- er and if buying has slightly declined it is in largo port due to added coutiousness and discri- mination by consumers. While employment is high, wages ore also at record levels.

On: of the Investment Dealers stated that whereas stocks used to be sold mainly to 100,000 customers, the money now is in the hands of about 1,000,000 Canadians having capitol of from $1,000 to $15,000. The biggest United States security house long ago recognized this rend and has geared its activities so that most of its business come; from this class of investor. Canadian investment firms will have to follow suit if the more widespread funds available ior risk capital are to be put to work —- on-d if Co- nadions are to have ony chance of controlling their own big new industries of the near future.

Mo; Spent 0n Sports

According to the Dominion Bureau of Sta- tistics, Canadians spent far more an sports equip- ment in 1947 than in 1946. Golf equipment en-

, joyed a large increase, jumping from $697,463 in

1946 to $1,033,100 in 1947. The sale of skis and ski accessories rose from $998,429 in 1946 to $1,020,117 in 1947. Tennis and badminton equipment were each over the $500,000 mark, and exceeded the sole of hockey materials. Other sports-—-bow|jng, billiards, football — also found more devotees in 1947. Fishing equipment was sold to the tune of $2,772,082 in 1947, against $1,532,475 in 194$.

Participation rather than spectator sports appear from the Bureau's figures to be growing in popularity; golfing, skiing and fishing equip- ment is used by individuals, not teams. Sec- ondly, people are getting more leisure time, and ore-using it in a healthful manner. Finally, the large increase in expenditures on sports goods means that these ore no longer a luxury to be bought largely by the wealthy, but have be- come o necessity to be purchased by everyone. In other words, the figures denote o gen-erol- rise in the Canadian standard of living.

Zomlng Population

When the Dominion Bureau of Statistics comes out with its 1949 mid-year population esti- mate in o few weeks, it is generally expected that the total of Canada's population will be in the neighborhood of 13.5 millions. This is on increase of more than 600,000 from the 1948 fig- ure. Newfoundlcin-d's population accounts. for slightly more than half of this increase. '

A statistical picture of the new and great- cr Canada that hos emerged as o result of Now- foundland’s entry, has been drown by the Finan- cio! Post and it hos several noteworthy aspects. The new Province, for instance, will odcl abcut 4 per ccnt. to Canada's area, 1 per cent. to our notional income and about $70 mill-ions to our national d-ebt. The addition of Newfound- lan:l's 3,000 old age pensioners to the number in the other nine provinces will bring the Domin- ion total to 251,000. '

There are slightly more than twice as many Protestants as Roman Catholics in Newfound- land. Including the Newfoundland figures with those of the other nine provinces, the totals for the Dominion ore: Protestants, 5.9 millions Ro- man Catholics, 5.1 millions.

The net increase in Canada's foreign trade will amount to about p60 millions annually.

As a resulhof the removal of tariffs, pra- ducers and manufacturers in the rest of Canada will be able to increase their export-s to New- foundland substantially. The Post estimates that the value of the Newfoundland market under the terms of union should be about $100 millions a year. , - '

, Tiim llazl culprits

Three German field marshals, Brouchitsch, Rundstedt and Mannstein or: not being allowed to forget about tho war and or: being brought to triol on an indictment drown up by the Brit- ish Government. Th: traditional sympathy ‘of British fighting men towards defedhd 0090""!- ond tho more general feeling that the trials have been too long delayed, says the Ottawa Journal. make tho business unappotrzing. Tho point II!- main: that justice, to b: Illlil". "W" ""19"?" low, Joel oqually with tho great and tho hum-

ble. - a Hod tho field marshals booyi urccusod _0f “m”. m," M" doing their duty a: soldier:

there would be no trial. The argument of those who would forgive too much is that the field mar- shals even if found guilty should not be punish- ed for the excesses of those under their command who were fired with the brutal zeal of Hitlerism. This argument begs the question of where the chain of responsibility breaks. Had Hitler been caught he would hove faced trial, and probably been executed along with his lieutenants; the field marshals who now m'ust face the court,at some stage in their careers were in command of lesser officers convicted by allied courts of crimes against humanity.

'./, EDITORIAL NOTES I

1'he Feast _of St. Peter.

There is once more a solid Quebec, but o solid Ontario has gone by‘ the ballot. k i’ * *

Mayor Houde, Montreal, was elected but not with the huge popular vote he polled as Mayor. * i i i

Archduke Ferdinand assassinated this date 1914. This was the immediate precursor of the First Great War.

U U I

The P.E.l. Recce Regimental bond does not have many opportunities to make a national repu- tation, but its participation in Newfoundland Memorial Dov celebrations is one of those rare occasions.

i i i

The humble turnip may be the source of an important drug in combatting hypothyrodism, ac- cording to Harvard University. The new drug, not yet given a name, may replace surgery according to American doctors.

¥ U I

At this time, it is worthwhile recalling there never has been o Provincial Premier raised to the office of Prim-e Minister of Canada. Sir John Mocdonold was, of course, Premier of Ontario before Confederation, and there has been no other since.

Q I i

Whatever may b-e the deficiencies of the United Nations political agencies, its Education- ol, Scientific and Cultural Organization deserves great credit. It reproduces photographicolly, material which would otherwise be unavailable to world scholars.

i o

With the majority in both houses of Parlia- ment possessed by the Government it will be in a position to further develop its dictatorship, giv- ing Opposition Leader Drew plenty to do keep- ing them in the straight and narrow path of political righteousness.

¥ U 0

On-e recent ruling of the British Notional Health Dept. is that no hospital baby crib may have bars more than 3 1-2 inches apart; that, if necessary, netting must be used. This arose from the fact that one bo-by, with an unusually small head, stuck it through the bars of the crib and broke hismeck.

i ‘I’ I

Advertising is at a hig-h level today, but oc- cording to Harold S. Barnes, director of the Bur- eau of Advertising of the American Newspaper Publishers Association, it is not high enough. Ac- cording to a report of the bureau, the ratio of revenue is just half the ratio to retail sales that existed in 1938.

I I I

There may have been a Liberal sweep in the rest of Canada but certainly there was no "sweep" in the PCIPUIUI’ vote in this Province. it will be noted from the Canadian Press returns

‘that th-ere was only a small margin, as usual,

between the total Liberal and Conservative bal- lots cast in the three Counties.

A former Charlottetown man, Mr. Daniel A. Riley, scored a personal success in Saint John- Albert on Monday by defeating Mr. Hazen, one of the most popular Conservative candidates in the Moritimes. Mr. Riley, who is only thirty-three, is o son of the late Mr. and Mrs. T. B. Riley and first cousin of the late Mr. D. J. Riley.

i‘ U I

Baron Milverton was not born a lord, but gained his title in Government service. For that reason his opinion is entitled to som-e considera- tion. Consequently when he feels that in Brit- ai'n today the control c-f industry is the means and not the end of Government policy it should be a warning that deserves to be heeded.

William Barents, Dutch navigator and ex- plorer, died this date 1597. He conducted three unsuccessful expeditions from Holland in search of a North East passage to Asio in 1594-7. On the third voyage he discovered Spitzbergen, rounded Novoya Zemlya, where he was compell- ed to winter, and there died, In 1871 his camp and relics were discovered, and four years later his Voyages was Published

R fl Q

It took o Prince Edward Islander to defeat Hon. John Bracken in Brandon. Mr. J. E. Mat- thews, who has held the seat since 1938, was born at Albany, P. E. I. in 1869, o son of Mr. and Mrs. Donald Matthews. He was educated at Prince of Wales College and married another Isl-under, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. David T. Lowther of North Carleton. He served as a member of the Charlottetown City Council be- fore removing to Manitoba. '

fi Q I

What is the right and properfunctibn 0f the wireless? Opinions differ on this very lin- portont point. Some consider that the BBC should exist solely for the provision of entertainment; others prefer a good information service or odu- cational broadcasts, while yet others wish for a blend of all three. But tho BBC hos listeners all over tho world, and some of them are not quite clear as to its functions ‘and seem to think that its duties and responsibilities are _oven_groot_er than they are. One such listener lives in Latin America and recently wrotoi to the BIC asking if they would advertise for on Engliah girl wh: would like to get married "as soon as possible. The B.B.C. could not see its way to obligi. W‘ being in the advertising business at all.

THE GUARDIAN . CHARLOTTETOWN

Vlolcorlo lilsltllg llyrshlronii:

11.111. iii ‘ 1b

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l? F. .

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_ 0,55»

LANDMARK

The rolling acres the sun, Wllh native prairie grasses rqotgd

spread beneath

deep,

Earth has reclaimed her own. Three rugged trees.

Surround the storm-cave covered well

Which mark the homestead of the pioneers.

I like to think that once children played

Around the well, and climbed the cott/onwoods.

And when the storm winds blew across the land,

The cave was refuge to a. stalwart band

0f early farming follk, who broke the sod

And carved their niche In this Vast. wilderness.

But time has passed and nature has erased

A11 VESl-itle of the human habitat,

Except. the cave and well, and three lone trees;

These monuments to sturdy pion- eers

Have weathered one full. century of years.

—B11ly B. Cooper, tn the New York Times.

anda

the

WWO l Old Charlottetown (Lnll I’. E. l.)

-.-_

THE “LULAN” EMIGRANTS

Letter from Sir John Harvey. K.C.B., .Lleutenont Governor of Nova Scotia, to Sir Donald Camp-

bell, Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island, Halifax, Nov. 15, 1848:

"Sin-The barque ‘Lulan’, George Mackenzie, master, arrived at Pic- tou on the 18th September, having on board 186 souls, of whom 121 were Highland immigrants, on their wiry to Prince Edward Island and Cape Breton. The Small Pox hav- ing broken out on the voyage, the vessel was placed in quarantine, but the people were subsequently land- ed. Put into hospital, and supplied with medical attendance, and all the necessaries required for their aus- tenimce or restoration to health.

"Twenty-four died, four or flve still linger ln~ hospital, but. ninety- seven of the immigrant: are report- ed an free from disease and ready to proceed to their destination.

"Seventy-two of these poor peo- ple are on their way to Prince Ed- word Island, where their relatives and friends are settled in the vicin- ity of Georgetown. Though the expense already incurred, under my instructions, for their relief, has for exceeded the head money paid in Nova Scotla, I had directed the Board of Health or Plctou to hire a vessel and transfer them to Prince Edward Island, when I was made aware that by the law of that Pro- vince twenty-five shillings, oterllng, head money, would be demanded on their landing.

"Under there circumstances, I am induced to bring the one to the notice of your Excellency, and to ask your interference to obtain a remission of a tax which these im- migrants are utterly unable to pay. and which it would aeem unfair should fall on the treasury of Nova Scotla, in addition to the ex- pense already incurred.

"If your Excellency take: the some view of the core, you will perhap: permit the immigrant: tn land, without payment of bead money, from the vealel in which I ahall direct them to be conveyed over, leaving the question of liabil- tty open till the account: can be finally made up. Should your Ex- cellency not feel gt liberty l0 11° this, I shall dlreot your draft on the treasury of Nova Scotfn to be paid. and rely upon your disposition, or?! that of the Island Legislature, o refund the amount. should it iip- pear, on a review of oil the facto. unrealonable t2 ezlac‘! it"

Sir Donald Campbell replied from Government oule, Charlottetown. Nov. 1r, 1 , recremno "that "i! law of thl: mono alve: no dill-TQ- tlonory power to tho Executive Government to remit tho heed money to which all immigrant: are subjected before they con b: oer- rnlstoii to lend hero, Con: lav:

,t1on remains a grave one,

Sir Stafford Cripps At Labor Party Conference

"We need, and must have, more and more efficient production lf we are to solve our difficulties without loss of standards". This was the keynote of Sir Stafford Crlpps’ statement on June 7th on Britain's economic industrial pos- ition at. the Labour Party. Confer- ence at Blackpool.

Here are quotations from earlier passages of the speech:

"We want to arrange the coun- try’s economic and financial affairs so as to give us -- and particularly the ordinary men and women of the country - the highest standard of living, behrlrig ln mind we must also provide for the general secur- ity of our country tn a. troubled world, carry out. our obligations to other countries, particularly those with whom we work most closely like the Commonwealth and West- ern Europe, and not jeopardize our own future, full employment and prosperity."

“We are the most vfrfle democ- racy in the world. We have proved our vitality convincingly find con- clusively to the world over the past. four years because we have not been afraid to face up )0 our dif- flcultlcs and get on top of them."

"What you and I are concerned with today is not the direction of our advance - that. is settled -- but the speed with which we can go ahead. You ask me. asyou have Every 118M lo, ‘ Can't we ger. on a bit quicker, Wouldn't. higher wages or lower- taxation and cheaper llrfoes mean more for the people?” Well it ls my Job to advise you how we can reach our objectives as quickly as possible but without ac- cident."

DUO

“Do not forget our objective iri- eludes, beside a. high standard of living, maintaining our general re. 611m? find carrying out obligations to other countries, as well as guard. 1X18 our own present and future. It is no coed sneezing in ‘get rich quick’ policies which end in no. clonal bankruptcy and collapse."

‘We have had four hard strug- Ellng years climbing slowly uphill and we have not by any megng reached the top as yet. Our- p95]. It ts only our own efforts and m" own restraints that have enabled u; Lo get where we are, and will, we 11°96. enable us lo move forward from this point."

"Sir Stafford here added that, 4°51)!" B bit-lance tn overall trade Britain's dollar deficit on the bai- ance of payments still 11 d g ($1.200) million a yeifgungrfe :32 not. at the momelt maktng the hefldway she must with her Qxportg to the U.S.A. In the first. four months of this year Britain's rate of exports to the U.S.A. was 14 per cent lower than tn the last quar- lel‘ 0f 1948. and for North Amer-l-

“il-‘umd 511F111! the present mason in which immigrant: destined for gill Illlfld. "Don merely landing at

lotou and remaining there a “w 11°11". have had 1o pay a tax rm. der the provincial statute of Nova Scotla, and have again been com. Nlled to pay o similar tax upon their arrival here, yet I we: re. otrloted from affording them any relief.

“In the present instance," Sir Donald added, "I shall be under the neoeiioliy of availing myaelf of the alternative proposed by your Excellency, of drawing upon tho provincial treaeury of Nova Sootlo for euoh an amount a: ehnll be equal to twenty-five shilling: Iter- llng, per head, upon the number of immigrant: who may be landed in thl: Island from the venel in which your Excellency ha: directed them to be conveyed from Plctou; at the aamo time, lt will afford me much satisfaction to bring the can of there poor emigrant: under the conrlderntlon of the Legislature, in the next :e::lon, and I have the fut- le:t confidence that upon o review of the fact: connected with It, ever-v dllpoeitlon will be evinced to not equitably toward: the Province of Nov: Scotlo."

In n aublequeni letter Sir Donald reported the arrival of the lotiooner "Dolphin" in Georgetown harbour with the oeventy-two Illend emi- grant: of the "Lulon", cont over from Plctou. They comps-teed four- teen fomtlle: under the following header Roderick Meobollan, Hoo- tor MecLeod, Nell MooPtioi-oon. Itvren Macbean, Ann Morrleon, John lleelntyro. Donald MacDonald, Don- eta MacDonald, Conner Ilecfntyro. Donald MacDonald, Ann Moolnllon. Duncan Meolniyre. Jerne: Wtlaon out lfoioolia IMDOMII.

c: as : wbolo lower then tho ov- erogo for the whole year 1018. It. we: also : orneller proportion of hoi- "tote! export: tbm before the w:r.

Tho Chancellor went on: "Borne- boir or other — if we or: oven to rnolmnfn our present otonderd: - we must balance our dollar trade within the next three years. be- cause we cnrinot monogo without dollar Imports. That. l: really a. tro- mendous teak end while it l: m, and until we ere through with ti. we just oanno efford to Increase materially our wn standard of liv- ing at the expense of other people. Under our four-year plan we hope to reach e balance by the middle of 1962 when Marshall Aid will end. We shall Indeed have our work our out to do 1t. If we are to reach": balance by then tn our dol- Ior trade and payments we must increase the efficiency of our pro- duction. That la the only practic- able Way of our getting through without loss to the workers’ stan- dards".

“Some people suggest that. tn- atead of a policy of improving our standards through increased and more efficient production. we should try to improve matters by increas- 1118 Wages or lowering taxation or diminishing Dmllta so as to de- crease Prlcesand enable us to buy more with our present incomes. In 013181‘ Wflfds. to increase purchas- lnB power without Increasing the supply of goods to meet lt. Devices of that kind. even it they do no harm to our economy generally, can only shift round the purchas- 1118 power from one lot of people

‘to another. They may enable the

some cake to be sliced up in dif- ferent weys but they do not tn- creose the size of the cake, which is what. we must do. If we can gen the larger coke we shall have no difficulty 1n seeing that the right slices B0 to the right people". O O O

Dealing with cuts in food sub- Bl-‘UIBS. Sir Stafford sold: “We hope the fall in world prices now taking place will cancel out In time the extra fourpenoe per head per week Whlflh. it was calculated at the time o! the budget. the us..- ln food prices would cost. The reason ex- penditure is so high l; becgusg Q1 defence, social services, and sub- sidies, besides the Ordinary running costs of administration".