‘creases on liquor, cigars and cigarets *in the Federal budget were accom- ‘panied by the reminder that the Fin-

_ance Minister is a non-smoker, and _

~teetotaller. This kind of reporting is neither factual nor fair. Few _ people will believe that Mr. Fleming’s _ personal tastes influenced his decis- - jon to boost these taxes, but that is the inference conveyed. Granted that a deficit reduction was necessary, and that extra money had to be raised from some source, surely it was better to impose the levy on lux- “4uries than on necessities. Drink- ers and smokers already pay heavily in taxes, it is true, and many people will be affected by the new imposts, one way or another. But the critics have not yet come up with any ac- ceptable alternative. ' It was not, after all, the Diefen- baker Government that brought about the recession, though it has had the job of pulling the country out of it. Tax increases, bad as they are, are infinitely better than wide- spread unemployment, or the penny- pinching policy adopted towards such provinces as Prince Edward Is- land a few years ago, when we had to adjourn the Legislature and go hat in hand to Ottawa for a little relief.

On the other hand, it seems odd to include such items as wines, ports and sherries, not to speak of per- fumes, marble products and wool

- fabric used in scarves and necties, in the list of imports granted reduced tariff rates. The explanation here affords an example of the compli- cated nature of our trading arrange- ments. The British margin of pre- ference, which was knocked out of kilter last year when Canadian rates were arbitrarily increased on British wool cloth, has been restored. But it

ba;

ame “vertical integration.” Mr. Harkness is now looking for a way “to withhold payments from com- der the so-called vertical integration

individual to a specific number of hogs marketed.” Su .

“ments come into play. The system has been advocated by the Canadian

’ Federation of Agriculture, and no

doubt it could be extended to a num-

The experience of the United States shows that a policy of high price ‘supports can cost the taxpayers fan- tastic sums without materially help- ing the mass of farmers. It has been estimated that less than 10 percent

50 percent of the benefits. How to avoid a repetition of those mistakes in Canada will take all the resource- fulness of which the government and Parliament are eapable.

Bagpipes And Tartans

Sco.ush bagpipes and tartans, it ‘is cheering, to note, are bocoming more popular in‘North America. One influence thought to contribute to the increased demand is that of the Scottish regiments. Or: all the tartans the Black Watch is the most popular. Attempting to account for this, some have pointed to links between the Black Watch regiments and units in

the Macnabb Mill in Edinburg— where Scottish tartan tweeds have been made since 1649—say that “women find that the Black Watch tartan makes up fashionably.” The tartan is among the darker onés, its’ ‘basic colours being green, blue and black. Next in demand are “Ancient Lindsay,” “Hunting Stewart” and “Hunting Fraser”’— all rather dark in shade.

As for bagpipes: “Standards have risen”, said Mr. Hugh Mac- pherson, head of a firm in Edinburgh bagpipe makers; “Bagpipe music is falling more pleasantly on the ear nowadays”. He cites Allied military contacts.in the two world wars and the emigration of many Scots with piping traditions behind them to ac- count for the present demand for bagpipes in Canada. A few years ago he made a coast-to-coast tour of Canada in which he met every High- land regiment in the Canadian de- fence forces.

has been done by increasing the rates |@ The firm prodnces some 300 sets

on woolens and worsteds from non- Commonwealth countries. To com- pensate Italy and France for this tariff bdost, we have now reduced our rates on the items above men- ‘tioned. We hold no brief for the transaction which inspired this chain of results, but at least it supplies a reasonable, not an invidious, motive for the Minister’s announcement. Our farmers are less concerned with these matters than with the advantage they will derive from the tariff changes on imported fresh fruits and vegetable, and on making the duty on potatoes—table and seed —a straight 371% cents per hundred- weight throughout the year. This, in the Minister’s words, will give a substantial! reciprocity with the rates applied to our potatoes by the United States. The duty increase will not affect Canadian sales to the U. S.

but is expected to place Canadian '

producers in a ‘more favorable com- petitive position against American imports. To many a potato grower, this will mean a good deal more than the extra one-tenth of a cent ‘tax he may have to pay on.a cigar or cigaret, or 12 cents extra on a bottle of rum.

Farm Support Policy

« Recently Agriculture Minister Harkness announced at Ottawa that the floor price support under hogs would be lowered next fall from $25 to $23.65 a hundredweight. At the game time, he said that he has in- -gtructed his department to try to

work out an alternative method of °

. assistance to hog producers through deficiency payments. Under a sup- port price, farmers know in advance tbe minimum return they can expect and can plan their program accord- ingly. If the floors are attractive, they become a powerful incentive to production. Under the deficiency payment scheme, they don’t khow where they stand until after the product has been marketed, if no

~gpecific guarantees have been given.

: What is apparently. bothering Mr. Harkness, comments the Ottawa Citizen, is that higher supports tend to benefit most the efficent farm- ers whose production costs are rela-

“tively low. The_situation is compli- .

ated by commercial firms that con- 7

of bagpipes a year at prices ranging from £23 to over £100. There is a big demand too for their miniature sets_of bagpipes which sell at about eleven guineas.

. cDITORIAL. NOTES

N. Secretary-General Ham- marskjold says that both the West and the Soviet Union “want to make progress in negotiatons over Berlin”. Yes, or course; the trouble is that they don’t want to proceed in the

same direction.

- * *

The Premier of Cuba says that in his forthcoming visit to Washing- ton he will urge the United States to restore his country’s sugar quota to what it was before. the revolution. If he wants to accomplish anything worthwhile in that regard, he will have to talk “sweetly” to Washing- ton officials.

* * *

The St. Lawrence Seaway will be opened to traffic at 8 a.m. on April 20, nearly two months before the official opening by the Queen and President Eisenhower. The Lachine Canal will open at the same time. It would be an appropriate time for the Féderal Government to give the go-ahead signal on the Borden-Tor- mentine causeway project.

The world’s known oil reserves at the beginning of this year were estimated at about 37 billion metric tons.. This figure comparés with 3514 billion tons a year before. The big- gest reserves are in the Middle Eas! —24 billion tons.. American reserves are about 41% billion tons, a little more than the total for the Soviet bloc.

* + *

More bleak news comes from Little Rock, Ark., where Governor Orval Faubus‘has just signed into law a legislative measure to require labelling of blood for transfusions by * race ‘of donor. The new bill, pat-

ed both legislative branches over spirited but numerically slight op- position. Race prejudice dies hard, and there are those who seem to think it is their God-given mission to keep it alive in its moribund state

as long as _ possible.

widely discussed today under the

plan, and to limit payments to an.

_ This is_-where. deficiency pay-

“ber of other products besides Hogs.

of ~American farmers have received

Canada; others, like an official of .

terned after a Louisiana law, pass- °

4 br

1 *

‘

BEST MYSTERY oe ime

FINANCE MINISTER FLEMING ANO

WHERE'S HE GONG To GET THE Money?

_ OTTAWA OSCARS

P.E.1. MEMORIES

My Uncle By Marriage

By C. Winfield

William Winfield Forbes, (1834- 1913), was one of the older chil- dren of the Hop. Malcolm Forb- es and Christina Scott, his wife, both of Perthshire, Scotland, French-Fort, and eventually Av- ondale, Lot 49, Prince Edward Island.

His parents had emigrated from Perth, first to French-Fort, or Marshfield. where his father

became the owner of some 600

PUBLIC FORUM

This column its open te the discus

sion by correspondents of question c.

interest. The Guardian does not neses

sarily en‘orse the opinion of corres pondents.

HOSPITAL INSURANCE

Sir,—In your Public Forum a letter appeared written by Mr. Harry Pridham on hospital in- surance and the Newfoundland strike. Mr. Pridham states that a sales tax would be a fair way to finance the hespital insurance plan. Just why would Mf. Prid- ham come to this conclusion? He is a farmerand feed-mill owner. If he bought a new tractor for $3,000, he would pay $90 sales tax. If he bought $2,000 worth of fertilizer, he would pay another $60 sales tax and everything else accordingly and therefore at the end of the year I am sure Mr. Pridham as a farmer would find that a sales tax would be most unfair, because on those two

‘items alone he would be paying

more than three years premiums for a family in one year. This would also pay six years for a single person.

Then what about the people who buy feed from Mr. Prid- ham’s mill? They would be pay- ing a sales tax ‘on many thou- sands of dollars. Therefore the only fair way is that all pay on equal basis as the plan calls for. Mr. Pridham should agree that the volititary plan would be best because he did not like Mr. Don- ald A. MacDonald's ‘“larketing Board because it was compul- sory. He thought Premier Small- wood did wrong when he out- lawed foreign union officials to keep the logs rolling in New- foundland. I can recall when Mr. Pridham praised the late Pre- mier Jones when he kept the pigs rolling to market during the Canada Packers strike. But perhaps he was more interested

in hogs then, than ‘he is in logs : _now.

I am, Sir, etc. _.» NON-FARMER Tiznish, P.E.I. re eee

DOCTORS AND FARMERS

Sir,—Dr. MacDonald in his letter to’ the press apparently thinks our farmer M.L.A’s are great at advocating giving every- thing away to the farmers so long as it costs the farmer nothing, and that he personally, as an M.D., is so over-taxed that he is paying for everything from highway construction to subsidies on farm products, while the farmer, he_ states, only, pays $2.50 a year imcome tax. Dr. MacDonald's own statement proves just ‘how ridiculous a dis- parity exists between the farm- er’s income and that of an M.D.

Is not the M.D. in P.E. Island in one of the highest if not-the highest income tax brackets? Yet a*few years ago this wealthy

‘class of citizens raised the price

#f office and out of office calls. They also raised the cost of at- tending when, new babies are srought into this world from $35.00 to $50.00 or 30 percent. Now I am told that in recent weeks office calls and out of ffice calls have again been raised a very substantial amount. They “have also added another $10.00No the $50.00 to brifg your babies into the world, making a total of $60.00. ‘

So the old saying perhaps is true that “The rich get r.cher and the poor get children.”

-I also understand that doctors are charging one dollar mile for country calls. Therefore, if some old lady drawing a pen

atheson. C:

acres of.land. Some years later Malcolm exchanged his lands near Marshfield with Premier Haythorne, (later a Canadian Senator), who-had owned consid- erable acreage in the Avondale district, about 2-miles north of Vernon River.

POLITICS

Here .the father, besides look- ing after his large farm, took an interest in politics, and soon was the elected representative of the 4th district of Queens County, and a member of the Executive Council. In those early days the representative was called a M. P.P. (member of the Provincial Parliament), instead of the M. L.A. of today.

Uncle William attended the old Central Academy (later named P.W.C.), in Charlottetown, and obtained a teacher's Licence. For some five years he’ taught the public school at North River, and soon afterwards, in partner- ship with one of his younger brothers, George, managed a general country store, at‘ Vernon River Bridge, about 5 miles South-West of Avondale.

An older brother, Peter, who had been given about 200 acres of land to farm by his father from the 600 original block having pas- sed away, the father requested Uncle William to occupy these 200 acres, which lay straight North of the father’s land, only a line-fence, running from the west to the east;.dividing them. Event- ually, uncle William. owned an additional 55 acres, or so, im- mediately west of his holding. This acreage had been previous- ly owned by early U.E.L. settler by the name of Pleacwell. 3-YEARS-OLD :

After a few years, Mr. Forbes married my mother’s eldest sis- ter, Mary A. MacRae, daughter of Maicolm MacRae, of Seal River, Lot 50. Not having any children of their own, they evid- ently persuaded my parents, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Matheson, of Charlottetown and later St. Avar- ds, near the city limits, who had two younger children besides me, to let me come out to their lovely farm at Avondale, some 13 miles East, and live with them. I un- derstand that I was about three years of age at that time.

So there I stayed for the next ten years, living the life of a farmer's son, helping with the chores as I got older, attending the Avondale Public School, about one mile and a quarter North of the farm on the public road. The

sion of $55.00 a month lives 25 miles away, a couple of trips and her whole cheque is gone. Who is going to pay this high cost of medical service to the docto:s with their high incomes? Simply, the people who Dr. MacDonald says are not earning enough to pay income tax or rather the miserable amount of $2.50 of an average for farmers. In addition to this their patients will be most-

mames of the four teachers was there acquainted with were, Michael J. Curren, John J. Mc- Donald, Miss Sarah Smith, and James McGillivray. when 13 years of age, I returned home to attend West Kent School.

FINE VIEW

The dwelling-house on Uncle’s

adjoining a comfortable dining- room towards the west, with a bedroom northward, then a hall- way, where the front-door was on the south and a room for cloth- es on the north.

From this hall a fine, old-fash- toned, wide stairway led to the upstairs, where were three bed- rooms, the hallway continued, and one lumber-room, where Uncle had a shoe-bench, and now and again, on a rainy day, would sit down and make a pair of shoes for me, or for his niece, Jessie Hayden, who came to live with him and Aunt Mary, after the death of her mother, Jessie Forbes, (Mrs. Robert Hayden), of Vernon River and later Brown's Creek, (now Heather- dale). Young Jessie, after. fin- ishing school in Avondale, rejoin- ed her father in Somerville, Mass., and eventually was mar- ried to Ralph Gardner, latterly of Whitman, Mass.

HORSE POWER

There was also a very large barn on the premises, From west to east it housed first the sheep (in winter), then a long horse- stable, with “‘leaves’’ opening, when required, into the large main barn where the horse’s sup- ply of oats was kept, the hay and straw, too, which was thrown down from the lofts above to feed the animals, each evening. Then the cow-stable, with feeding “leaves from the main barn. One summer some 22 mud-nests were built by the swallows under the eave on the south side of the barn. BR

The poultry were housed in a cellar underneath the granary building above it..There were roosts for. the hens there, wind- ows for light, and steps leading down from the outside. My father sent me out a pair of pigeons, and uncle built a fine large house for them inside his carpenter's shop and waggon house loft, with 2 entrances high up from the out- side. But, on account of the near- ness of the building and farm- yard to the large acreage still under high trees the hen-hawk made it hard to continue with the pigeons.

On one occasion a large hawk flew after a young pigeon. For a short time they circled around and around in the upper air, and at last the pigeon evidently fat- igued, dropped down from the up- per air, and perhaps fortunately for it, fell into the cellar under Uncle's house, the old-fashioned outside hatchway, or entrance down, having at that time been open.

ELECTION TALK.

_ The Forbeses, although sup- porting the Liberal party,. both in Provincial and Dominion elec- tions, were quite friendly to op- ponents of their party. I can te- member of the late Hon. Donald ,Ferguson, (late Senator), of Marshfield and Alexander Martin (later M.P. for Queen’s), of Val- leyfield, chatting together, and with my uncle, im the latter's comfortable dining room, during an election campaign. In fact, the Hon. Donald’s wife was, ‘before her marriage, a Miss Scott ‘of Charlottetown, and so a relative

‘| of Uncle William, whose mother’s

maiden name was Scott.

Mr. and' Mrs. Fred Vickerson of Hermitage and different Mc- Leod families of Uigg and Orwell

‘| also came. Others, well-known

Islanders, who used to yisit, now and then, my said uncle and aunt : Dr. Ernest McNeill, their

McLaren of Georgetown, the wife of Captain William McLaren -of that place; George Poole, a mer-

a . of fontague; and Flor >

in si tanita ii, ‘ fac i

ef

:

if |

NATURE’S WAY Nature, in her very wise ways, '

has provided a natural cleansing laction for the teeth. Your saliva

teeth may provide shelter for the acid. Dental plaques also offer a shield to both acid and bacteria. A dental plaque, I must explain, a gelatin-like substance that sticks firmly to the surface of the’

agrees to ‘this. But the teeth should be brushed in a definite order to make sure that you clean all of them.

. Brushing the upper teeth with

a downward ion and the low- er ones wi “upward motion is a good way of doing it

the best types of tooth-

, all the same height. It should small enough to enable you reach all the teeth with ease.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

Mrs. M. D.: ‘What does mean when.a person's normal temperature is only 97 degrees?

Answer: A low normal body temperature may be of no signi- ficance. It may indicate a low metabolic rate, as occurs in cas- es where there is decreased thy- roid activity.

ce McPhail, a cousin of Aunt Mary; Mrs. Charies McNeill of Montague, also a cousin, Robert C. MacRae of Seal River ‘later a merchant in Charlottetown, and then in Sydney, N.S.); her broth- er, as well as relatives of both of them, including at times; chil- dren of Captain Allan Finlayson, the noted navigator of the three ice-breakers, the Northern Light, the Stanley and the Minto, in turn.

Uncle William was a well-ed-

large dining room, he had a tab- le holding such famous works as the Bible, Baxter's Works, Spur- geon’s Sermons, etc. Moreover, there was a large volume on the American Civil War of 1861-65, with pictures of many of the prin- cipal battles showing the troops, on both sides (artist's drawings in action).

Another big book was named “A History of the Baptists’’. This was a new purchase, as I think I can remember when it was bought from the minister then in charge of the congregation at Uigg, some four miles south, in which my Uncle and Aunt wor- shipped.

STATUTE BOOK

Among the books on this table, also, were the two old volumes containing the Statute Laws of St. John’s, (Prince Edward) Is- land, as passed and_ collected from the year 1773 down, when it was a Crown Colony. It is my pre- sent opinion that Uncle, William at the time he was appointed a Country Justice of the Peace, was presented with these by the Attorney General's Department, of that day.

In the fall of 1896, my uncle held an auction sale of his cattle, horses, sheep, hogs and poultry, having earlier in the year sold his farm to Michael Reid of near Hope River, Prince Edward Is- land. His father’s large farm had been sold a few years before to Patrick Murphy, of near the same place. ;

‘TO CALIFORNIA

Soon afterwards, he set out for San Dimas, California, to the home of A.A. McLean, a former Islander, who had married his younger sister, Grace Forbes, a few years before. He probably -hought that the mild California slimate would benefit him, as his srokén leg, the result of a run-a- vay horse on farm, had him often in pain. He had travelled by the C.P.R. to Vancouver, and then South, when going, and, on re- turning, visited Massachusetts to meet his niece, Jessie Hayden, amd the other members of the Hayden family there. '

After returning to the Island, he finally settled on property he purchased on Longworth Avenue, _in Charlottetown, where he pass- ed away in the year 1913, his lov- ing wife, Aunt Mary, having pre- decéasta-timmn the Springtime “of 1906.’ Both now sleep in a plot

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Ottawa Soviet submarines could roam Canadian Arctic waters without detection leaves us cold. In World War II some German submarines penetrated the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the Upper St. Lawrence River. There were also landings of foreign agents on the coast of the United States from submarines. If it comes down to cases we assume that Soviet, aircraft could also fly over the Canadian Northland without detection. Maybe have already done s0—Sudbury /Star

The Age Old Story

By him therefore let us offer the sacrifice of praise to God con- @nually, that is, the fruit of our lips giving thanks to his name.

; :

OUR ‘YESTERDAYS.

Fr the Guardian Files).

City Council last night, by-laws for allowing the rate of discount

An Affront To Buddhism

Over the longer period of time the Red Chinese assault on Ti- bet may be more important for its religious rather than temporal

not arily Buddhist, although the dha was an Indian began his sojourns itself.

is the most important religious concept. Some countries. such as Burma and Ceylon,. are almost wholly Buddhist. Thailand is like- wise a repository of much sac- red Buddhist tradition, as are Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. Most important, at this point, is the fact that there are at least two hundred million Buddhists in mainland China.

The Chinese Communists have tried to make propaganda out of their supposed tolerance for the | Buddhist faith. They have insis- ted that Buddhist -priests and

scholars be “productive,” in their scheme of values, but they have

\

The New York Times

not waged the sort of desperate campaign of extinction against the Buddhists that has marked some of their dealing with Chris-

"| CHINESE BUDDHISTS

sense. Some peripheral areas do have their lamasaries and it is, of course, significant that the “living Buddha’ is _ invariably found on Chinese soil. But be- yond that lies the Buddhist con- ception of life and its values. has‘ been an integral part of thinking millions of millennia.

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