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eae NOTES OF TUB

—_

By An Observer.

———

BRITAIN.

MONTH.

GREAT Every Conservative

which, since the Reform Bill ef 18° has

32, appealed in Great Britain t a so the Beacensfield

has been defeated ;

‘at the critical moment. ‘cause he sees such a struggle in the near tfature that the Linperial Chancellor is Administraties | showing himself a little more gracious to the

and worse.

amen aed teonmetne

their sullen inaction might turn the scales It may be be-

‘Catholics of the Empire. to the country, |

The State of ‘Turkey seems getting worse The wender is how the State

ee tin an td'elt | : Government has mst the same fate as did al! Iholds together as long as it does. It ean a o

. rete its predecessors during that period. The

causes which have led to the defeat of the Conservative party given very ditforenu-

in Eng: land will, of course,be tly by different persons. Their friends will acknowledge that their financial administra- tion was weak, and tl home adininistration were mestly negative. lt was on their foreign policy that they rested,-—pointing tv the purchase ef the Suez Canal shares, to the substitution of the Treaty of Berlin for that of San Stefano, to the carrying out of the former Treaty, te

the preservation,by a bold movement of the}

fleet. of Constantineple frem the grasp of Pussia. and to the acquisition of Cyprus, as proofs of their vigor and judgment. But the Zulu war was a millstone reund their neck. u against their own wishes and direc-

they, rightly enough, were held nsible for it; and) although much might be said in favor of the Afghan- istan war, the utmost they have claimed for it was thatit was an unavoidable evil. A policy is always the more open te attack the more vigorous it is. The vigerous home policy of the Gladstone Government

Begu tions, respo more

caused its defeat in 1874, just as a vigorous foreign policy caused the overthrow we have just witnessed.

It aleo told much against the Conserva- tives that they were tremendonsly over- matched by the speaking power of their epponents. Beaconsfield and Salisbury, by far their ablest speakers, could not *‘ go on the stump”; and they had none but second-rate debaters to oppose to such men as Gladstone, Bright, Lowe, and Vernon Harcourt. The conflicts between D'Israeli and Gladstone gave a keen zest to the elec- tion of 1874. But it was teo one-sided, this time, to awaken the interest that a fair fight always causes.

The New York Herald indulged its readers, as usual, in some hysterical tele- grams anent the formation of the new Gov- ernment. But so far as facts have yet been made known, the course of events has been perfectly constitutional and natural. The outgeing Minister advises that the Leader of the Opposition be sent for. Her Majesty, acting on this adviee, entrusts te Lerd Hartington the duty of forming an Administration. That in so doing she should have expressed a desire as to who should be the Premier, is perfectly natural and theroughly constitutional. If she re- quested the Marquis of Martington te try a second or third time to form a Govern- ment, she has only done what she has often done before. But when Lord Hart- ington found himself unable te comply with Mer Majesty’s commands, it then became his duty to advise the Queen fer whom to send ; and the forty years experience that Her Majesty has had would not fail her in this case. Sosheat once called upon Mr. Gladstone to take the position which his party wished him to occupy.

Dr. Kennealy, the staunch advocate of the Claimant, died during the month, as did Lord Hampden, better known as Sir John Packington.

EUROPE.

There can be littie duubt that the Eng- lish elections will have their eifect upon present European complications, though probably a less effect than may be supposed. While Europe is an ‘‘ armed camp,” while intrigues and counter intrigues are going on, alliances and counter alliances being formed, it will make a great difference if England is supposed to keep wholly out of European broils. But it must be re- membered that the late Conservative Goy- ernment did not go to war te prevent Rus- sia from attacking Turkey; and the late Lib- eral Administration was all ready to go to war to protect Belgium.

In the year 1879, the expenditure on the land and sea forces of all the European countries, (including Great Britain) was eight hmdred (800) millions of dollars. in 1865 it was five hundred and eighty-five (585) millions. So great an increase in so short a time, speaks with appalling force of mutual jealousies and distrusts. It seems almost impossible that a great war can be leng averted. It may be a significant symptom that Biemarck is trying hard for a reconeilliation with the Vatican. The Catholics of the Rhine and South Germany shed their blood as freely for the foundation of the Gorman Empire as did tho Protest- ants of the North It was asorry return made to them that their priests were ban- ished, their bishops thrown into prisen, and their religious liberty hampered by the persecuting Falk laws. If Germany were engaged ina life and death struggle

they could hardly be expected to show:

4

|

overwhelming |

vat the virtues of their

| i

6

hardly be but that the present British Government will have to decide upon what England will do when the complete disin- tegration occurs.

lt is not likely that sauch more will be heard ef Nihilism in Russia, That move- ment was always known to be very limited, though its members were bold to madness. But a more dangerovs mevement than Nihilism is the deep discontent of the great majority ef the people with their lot- joined to the child-like belief that Gov- ernment can, and should, do everything for them, which is a characteristic of the Socialism of the day.

Vrance has declared war against the Jesuits, and begun to put in force against them laws hitherto believed to be obsolete. The order is that the Society is to dissolve

{within three months, and leave all estab

lishments which it oceupies on French ter- ritery. It is worth neting how often this has been done before: In 1754 Louis XV., by a Royal decree, banished .his Society. ln 1762 the Parliament of Paris ordered all Jesuits to ‘‘ Put off fer ever the name, In 1764 a decree of suppression was issued. Another in 1777 by Louis XVI. It looks as though Kings and Parliaments found it hard to get the Society suppressed. In later times, in 1790, 1792, and 1802, all religious orders were abolished. The conclusion is that if the Jesuits lived and flourished in Frauce after so many orders and decrees against them, one more won't do them much harm. They have now in France fifty-six estab- lishments, with about one thousand five hundred members and ten thousand pupils. UNITED STATES.

dress and vows of the Order.”

One of the last acts of the Marquis Salisbury, as Foreign Secretary, was to refuse to acknowledge the claim of the United States against the British Gevern- ment, for the damages done by the New- foundland fishermen. The principle laid down by Lord Salisbury is, that the Treaty gave the Americans no greater rights than British subjects had at the time of ita being made. He acknowledges that no local regulations made subsequent to the Treaty could affect the Treaty rights of the Ameri- cans, but points out that the regulations violated by the Atmerican fishermen were in force when the Treaty was inade. It is not a very large affair, though it will prob- ably give occupation to the diplomatists for some time. Probably the advent to power in England of the Government which arranged the Alabama claims so sat- isfactorily to the United Siates, will en- courage that country to continue to press its claims. In about three years more, the twelve years during which the Washington Treaty gave the Americans the right to fish in our waters, and for which right they paid five and a half (53) millions, will have run out, and the whole question of the tisheries will come up again.

The people of San Francisco have sent Kearney to jail. This act, dene on the Centinent of Europe, would have been de- nounced all through the States, as such an interference with the liberty of free discus- sion as ceuld only be seen in an “ effete monarchy.” But California is the most democratic of States ; and all history tells us that democratic Staies are among the first te repress by force opinions they don’t like. However, Kearney deserves what he has got, and can claim no sympathy from any one. But the case is worth observing to shew that it is not well to charge every Gevernment with tyranny that locks upa brawling and dangerous demagogue.

Grant and the Third Term are still the agitating questions about the Presidential elections. But the wires cress one another in so many ways, and their pullers are so sudden and dexterous in their movements, that an outsider can only wait to see the result. The Conventiens, however, will soen be held, and then we shall know the candidate.

Most of the Finance Ministers of the world must just now envy the United States’ Congress, whose anxiety is what to do with a surplus of ten millions.

CANADA.

The debate on the Pacific Railway policy of the Government, has been the great parliamentary event of the month. Inde- pendently of the merits of the question, Canadians may feel proud ef the very high standard of debating ability—-or rather of oratory—that has been displayed. The speeches of Sir Charles Tupper and Mr. Blake would do credit. to any parliament,

and would win for their authors a foremost place in any deliberative assembly in the

| world. They are both remarkable for a firm grasp of the subject, lucid reasoping clear arrangement, and well chosen langn- age. Both rise far above the level of mere rhetoric to the higher ground where the orator is thinking much more ef his subject and of persuading his audience, than of rises naturally to real eloquence. Mr. Blake's speech, perhaps, excels that of his rival, in being more perfect in form, more clear cut, and, in its most polished places, more eloquent. ‘he Minister of Railways, on the ether hand, seems to have more of a strenuous force all through than has the other. If Mr, Blake is the mere polished, Sir Charles Tupper is the more impassion- ed, though the passien is kept well in re- straint. The speech of Mr. White was alee a very effective one, and may fairly rank with the best. Mr. Mackenzie showed, ag usual, his mastery of details and his readi- ness in debate ; but he was fighting under disadvantages, and seemed te feel it. Turning from the speeches themselves to the matter contained in them, we are able to vet a perfectly clear view of the ground They do

when

now taken by the two parties. not stand very far apart, they come te calculations, they aro hupe- lessly, almost ludicrously, away from each

though,

other.

To build the railway right through to the Pacific, but to make the lands of the North West pay for its construction, this is what the Government hope to do. On the de-

sirableness of so doing, both agree. They > 8 ~

differ as to the possibility. To push rapidly over the cennecting

link between Lake Superior and Manitoba, and then to press on further inte the North West Prairies, keeping rather in advance of emigratoin and settlement—both parties agree that this can and should be done.

The Government propose further to con- struct 125 miles in British Columbia, open- ing that part of the countay from the sea- board to the interior, and getting so much of the more difficult part of the work here dene, but not yet crossing the Recky Mountains. Here Mr. Biake meets them point blank, and asks the House to resolve that the construction of any part of the road in British Columbia is premature.

The Minister of Railways calculates the cost of the road from Lake Superior te the Pacific at sixty-four (64) millions, and that when Lake Superior shall be connected with the railways ef Ontario,the total cost will be eighty-two (82) millions, ‘I am happy,” he says, ‘‘to be able to say that the com- pletion of our great natienal through line of railway from Ottawa to the waters of the Pacific—I may say from Halifax on the Atlantic te the waters of the Pacifie—will be attended with much less difficulty and exponse than we have been led to suppose at the present time.” The Government ex- pect that the sale of the North West lands will provide funds for the work, calenla- ting to receive from that source seventy (70) millions in ten years. However, they do not purpose to rush heedlessly into con- tracts for all this amount. Every contract new given may bo stopped at any time, should the Governinent find their receipts under their calculations; and the only parts new put under contract to which even the Opposition object, are the 125 miles in British Columbia. Of course.there is really more behind. Mr. Blake hopes, ne doubt, for an indefinite postpenement— a virtual abandonment by this generation of the Railway to the Pacific.

When we come to Mr. Blake’s estimates, they differ widely from those of the Goy- ernment. Mr. Blake calculates the cost of the read at one hundred and twenty mil- lions. The amount frem land sales he con- siders will not be more than enough to pay for the cost of administration and the in- terest of railway expenditure for ten years —reducing the Premier's seventy millions down to—nothing. So do great men differ. Mr. Blake’s point about the increase of our population being estimated from that in the United States was a good one, and strongly put; butin stating the amounts of land taken up in the States, he seems to have left quite out of his calculations the enormous extent disposed of to settlers by the railway companies.

Mr. McKenzie certainly went back on his record. His advertisements for tenders for the construction of a section in British Columbia were out at the time of the general election. The whole drift of his policy had been to make surveys, to fix upen a route, and when this was done, to build in British Columbia. Even last session he spoke of his intention of building that section ; and no one can say that the circumstances ef the ceuntry have changed so greatly in twelve months as to allow Mr. McKenzie to vote with any consistency for Mr. Blake’s resolution. In fact, there was seen at Ottawa the curious phenomenon of a fellower, and a by every means obedient fol- lower, of Mr. McKenzie, forcing that gen- tleman to condemn his own actions and

verbal prettyisms, though oach, in places, |

‘most responsible offices.

‘act of courtesy to themselves.

words for the past six years. The question of the leadership of the Liberal Party was setiled by that vote; and Mr. McKenzie's resignation. which has since been an- nounced, was a liecessary consequence,

The Railway debate has occupied so much space in these notes, that there is ne time to no more than very briefly touch upon any ether inatters.

The Finance Minister has explained his plan abent the note circulation of the banks and Governinent. It is not a ‘ soft- money” scheme, and it may probably be found that the credit of the country will keep its notes at par. But the road is a dangerous one to travel any distance upon ; and it is to be hoped that there will be no attempt to go much along it.

The decision ef the Supreme Court, aftirming the constitutionality of the Can. ada Temperance Act, will give a full oppor- tunity fer a test of the practicability of Prohibition,

The veteran Judge Marshall, of Nova Scotia, whese literary activity kept his name well before the public up to the last, died at the age of D4.

OUR OWN PROVINCE.

Leaving out private bills, there were just sixteen Acts passed by the Local Legisla- ture at the session just concluded. Pro- bably, no more were, needed. But one cannot help asking if it is not drawing a cork with a steam engine to have such an expensive apparatus to do such a small amount of work. The day is probably not far distant when P. E. Island, together with the other Maritime Provinces, will be struck with the absurdity of three Lieuten- ant Governors, three Executives and six legislative bodies, dividing among them- selves the work of governing and legislating for a population not more than that of some large cities.

The somewhat unusual sight of a Bill dis-

allowed by the Lieut.-Governor was seen at the close of the session.

The Government are to be congratulated upon their having the spirit and courage to advise his course, and .thus to prevent legal recognition being given te a society such as the Orange Order. But one certainly does wonder what view the Commissioner of Public Works takes of the responsibility of an administration and of its members. Mr. Campbelltintroduced the Orange Bill, carried it through the House, and yet re- maina a member of a Government which is responsible for its disallowance. It is doubtful if any public man, since the in- troduction of responsiblé Government, al- lowed himself to be for four and twenty hours in the position Mr. Campbell oecupies to-day. By every rule ef constitutional gav- ernment and ministerial responsibility, Mr Campbell’s resignation should have been in the Premiex’s hands en Monday evening. The address of the Legislature to the Queen, on the subject of the Fisheries, is an able document, and puts fairly the claims of the Province ; but it is not likely that it will prove sufficiently strong .te bring the British Government to depart from its well-understood policy of nen- interference with self-governing Colonies. With all its cepiousness there is, however, ene omission. Though calling attention{to the pressure of the present tariff upon this Province, it omits to state that the Pro- vince, at the general election, returned five of its six members to support the principle It is rather ungrate‘ul to give that slap at the

embodied in the now obnexions tariff.

Ottawa Government, which had so lately thea of its “sympathy” One can

Attorney-General for efforts.

assured his imagine the twinkle in Sir John’s eye as he gave the assurance of ‘‘sympathy,” throwing in ‘‘support,” possibly for the sake of the alliteration.

The long deiayed appointment to the Col- lectorship of Customs in Charlettetown has at last been made, and it seems te be one of those admirable strekes of policy which reconcile theJmost conflicting claims, and satisfy the mest widely opposed interests. The geeat Conservative party, whose faith in the benefits of being on the winning side was growing very weak,receive the strongest assurance that electioneering activity is still to be the highest qualification for the The new. Cole lector’s long, and but lately severed, connection the Liberal party seems, as it were to make this appointment give a shadowy recognition to ihe dwellers in the cool shades of the Opposition, and even to admit them to a glimpse the Elysium from which they are shut out. They may look at it as a slight, but delicate The liquor interest will justly feel flattered at the eleva- tion of a zealous member of their ranks to one of the highest postsin the Province. And the temperance people can congratu- late themselves upon the closing of one of the Pownal street rum-sheps. .

.

with

In about a fortnight’s time we shall have Civic elections, under the amended city

law. It remains to be seen whether the

mended,

i

me

prospect of increased taxation, and of tay. ation in its most obnoxious form, viz,, of an income tax, will arouse the Citizeng from their usual lethargy about city affairs, Of this we inay be sure: no change in the mode of taxation, no shifting of the day of elections, vo alteration of the franchise will, in the least, avail to give us a geod city government, unless the citizens gen- erally take inuch more interest in the city affairs than they hitherto have done, or

than in it is to be feared they will do. The exemption from the income tax of the salaries of Goy.

ernment officials was @ very delicate touch of selfishness. Exemptions from taxation are all invidous and wreng. There is ne reason why Government officials and clergy. men, whose salary is over the limit, should not be taxed like other men.

iA

————

MARKET HALL. Lindley Upera and Gomedy Co,

THIS EVENING,

iby Special Desire of Temper. auce Friends,

TEN NIGHTS IN A BAR ROOM, And an Artful Dodger,

Tickets at Drug Stores. April 39, 1880,

headia Nut (oal,

H' )URLY EXPECTED, a cargo of Acadia Nut Coal, which will be sold cheap from vessel. Orders can be left at the Scales on

Lord s Wharf. W. C. HOBKIRK, April 29, 1880-—3i eod

o1c

y A. NORTON, practical House Paint-

. er, Whitening, Tinting, and Paper Hanging done with despatch and at moderate ~ charges. Residence and Shop, Fitaroy street, opposite Peter Halloran’s.

Ch’town, April 29, 1880 —1m

——$———»

f

| To Let. ei To Let.

rygx%o LET, that NEW BRICK HOUSE situated on Pownal Street, now oecupied by Fenton T. Newbery, Esq. Possession given in May next. Alse, Cottage, with land attached, situated on Malpeque Road, about one mile from the’ eity. Possession given immediately. THOS. W. DODD, March 3, 1580—pat oaw

Re

eae a, Sige ront ; ; a PEA, (very superier), MOLASSES, SUGAR, TOBACCO, KEROSENE OIL, BAKING SODA, WASHING SODA, BISCUIT, RAISINS, &e., &e, &e., And all staple Groceries at eur usual low prices and favorable terms. CARVELL BROS, 27, '80--2aw

" mei Wants, Lost, Found, ke. ANTED—A Carriage Blacksmith,

\ Only first-class workman need apply. —Hewsox, McDovcaip & Sxaman. [ap 30

r7\O LET—A nearly new HOUSE on

Kuston Street, containing 9 reoms. Ap. ply to Cuartés MoGrecor, Esq., or E. W. TAYLOR, : [ap 30:

rA\WO HOUSES TO LET—One con-

taining 6 rooms, the other 5 rooms; situ- ated on Spring Park Read and Long Street. nent moderate. Appiy on the premises to James MclLrop, jap 30

i OARDERS —The subscriber having

good accommodations, will be glad te have a few permanent Gentlemen boarders, Please apply on the premises, Upper Hills-

boreugh St.—Mas. Ricu’p, Weexs. [ap 29 V AN TED — At Hespital for the Insane,

a Cook and female attendant, to whom good wages will be given. Must come recom- Apply at Hospital. [ap 28 NAS "7 EB—An elderly woman to nurse

two clildren. Apply at the EXAMINER [ap 28, 4i

ANTEB—A situation in a mercantile. establishment; has experience in: the Salary not so much an object

April

_— — _ oa tO

office.

V

Grocery line.

as employment. ‘Temperance man. Address A. B., Charlottetown Post Office. [ap 27, tf

WANTED A MAN with Team te buy Eggs. Must have good recommenda- tions.--R, K. Brace. [ap 24

Want BD —A Situation as CUTTER, ia a Tailoriag Establishment, by one whe has had several years experience in the busi- ness. Address Post Office Glass Box 48, Charlottetown, P. E. I,—{ap 22—St John Tel and Mon Times 6i

ANTED—A YOUNG MAN, suitably qualified, to learn DENTISTRY. Ap- ply to Dr. SrricKLAND. [ap 21, té ERCHANTS AND TRADESMEN wishing accounts adjusted can avail themselves of the services ef an experien Accountant, by addressing ‘* ACCOUNTANT,” this office. {ap 21

LEV—Good Pasturage for seven Cows, within % convenient distance of the city. Apply at this office. {a ?