~ W arising from it. The shipbuilding interests ~~rsqa_ire the protection which an export-dutv on

-trees have

cg.

HASZARD'S GAZETTE. JUNE 13.

OOLOIIAI. LEGISLATURE. House or Aasaasanv, Monday, March 21, I853. EXPORT DUTY OI JUNIPER. KNEE8.

House in Committee on Ways and .\l«~aus— Hr. llaviknd in the Chair.

Ho'l.ii.‘:!r.'Psi.lla. I am nitc sensible of the neoe o in h‘ t-d t | men .r i i-i:u..."‘i'i"' 3, i§.‘.‘..—.7'}-‘.’$‘,".r...l' It '.'.u

0 teen the score that the in sitiou of such a dultyl will be an inroad upon t It.‘ private rlfih of dividuals: and that nothing on ht to hold more sacred and inviolate. by logis u- tors,than such rights. But there are exco tions toall rules; and,as respects this duty, alt ou h it ma ,at first sight,appear to be tor the bone t qfaellsa ti:poninore_ _' 'onit.wi‘llbe wviduit fliet— e prosperity of the Colony being connected with it--the preven- rhtion of Juniper-knees will prove quite as netioiel to the . ople in gene- ral, as to the Ship-builders; alt tough the lat- Cfiy be the drst direct recipients of the be-

Jnuiper-kiiees would afford them. .TlIe.Wl1l_Ife- ' 'dent manner in which Juniper been cut down—imtnense quantities of this valuable timber having been sold at an almost merely nominaclwpipce arnd e —-a s a conviricin ro t net, i it be notipute stop to by the inigoliition of such a duty, e efiets will prove most injurious to the shipbuilding intere‘sttsh,°ai(i£itlirouglmhlcm, t‘p ttc rural interestao ony. t oug t e of lar vessels may not last ver long; there iszreasonplo believe, that the boil ing of aaall vessels fwillfleontilnue, for many )l'16lll(':h,lb() a sucrose pro tan prosper-i tot e to c- ay, if not put a stop to by an improvident and wastetlil use of the timber requisite for carry- vk it “Convinced of the pro riety ofjhese ws, wi supportan ex rt my en un ees,.witl; a pliew ti;t e reservation1_of trees or t e aerv ce 0 our own sup- ra on whose ros ity the neral pros- of the count:-’y sopgucli depeglfdl. Such a sq will, no doubt, be felt as a grievance by a few individuals, because it will do rive them of all prospect of uiiiiiediete gein i-oni_the sale and exportation of ‘rain r-knees : but,in afoul- ln tecticn to t e s ip-building interests, it w& crease the general prosperity ofthe Colo- n ; antdélbs interests of the ow must yield to o e many. Hr. Moolxr. I thought these would be the o inions of the hon. and learned member for ttetovvn, w respect to is ques ion. fib tbsttli t fth tr’ e res so e ew mus give way-‘id. the interests of the many; but to ur- sue the course which he recommends woul , on the contrary, be a forcing of the interests of the many tpngiivewsy to thpse of the few_ : it would be the oting ofa direct and serious inyury tenautry,to enable the ship-builders to live in splendour. The _ proprietors, by the leases which they grant, tie their tenants down by most restrictive conditions; and, now, the Iaglslature is to be celled upon to interfere- no for the purpose of brea ing those restric- tionsliuthto lllfllltefile thl¢:em—“to te‘l1l f “nan; try teysa not aoweauan free exercise of the few privile s which the Pro tors have conceded to glam. Nothing anpbi: more cruel than eta) {say to the lpoplr tenant upon an unimprov arm, on w_ic_ perhaps, thprye ma blili a stwanitpabearingdyunfi’ trees, ‘ on s a no cu own an se to the Ainericfls who vr'll ive ou the pleat cgh rigs f0l;i gdlisut lotiginusyt allow cm s n on ey eoo age orare destrgied by fire, unless they ma happdn to _ wan by soiue of_ our ship-bui ders who will pa you or them, in molasses or tea. at their owl: exorbitant ices. It is very true that the wth of that swam might justnow be a little g:tune to you, if sol to the Yankees for hai-d dollars; but you must make no such usc of it for your own benefit or that of your family; it must be reserved for the use of slnp-biiildf.-rs, to enrich them, when they shell require it-—i_io matter‘ ressing your necessities may be in the mean time.” As well ' ht the Legislature

O‘ O

whilst otherwise employed in clearing iinproi.-. iiblc portions of their farms, and l'0ll!llI;! tlwr.-» from a most scant provision for tho dui|_\ ml». IllBl(*l|C0 of Illt"lIi)it.‘l'\'I‘sJ ll.ll(l ftunilii-s; to tl.<- --ml that the juniper tn-vs nni I».-, pr:-served for the use of, and as a utcana o ourichin , a few hon. members of this House and other a ip-buihh.-rs,

urchased by them, when they want them, at their own prit'cs,.'ind to be id for in goods, at whatever value they may p ease to act upon

at- =" G .- =

Hon Mr. PALM vs. lcci-lately uevsr err».-.-ted lo hear the hon. uieinber front Fliitlv Glen advo- cate the poliliculdoctrinc of the lulv Duke ol’i\i-_w- castle that every man has a right to do what he will with his own ;" but the hon. member. as well Is the party with which he acls, has been guilty of so many inooiisieteiicies, shat this new one need excite no sur rise. ccor nu to his very mi- leil and defective view of the advantages which result from ship building, they are experienced by none but the aliip-builders themselves; but the truth is, that the prosecution of the trade, of ship-building has been one of the chief sources of general prosperity lo the Colony; and that)! will continue to so, so ng as it can be prosecuted for the benefit and profit oflhoae who are imme- diately employed in carrying it on. The advanta- ges arising from it are not, by any means, confined lo the few merchants who are engaged in carry- ing it on. it the contrary, the farmer and mechanic largely participate in the benefits arising from it, in I e tape of hard Spanish Dollars, ll‘0lll Newfoundland; to the former, in payment lor his ploduco; and, to the latter in remunera- tion for his skill and labour. [support the pro- posal for the lllipnsilion of ti ,. ' “ ,. :.'..: on juniper-ltnecs, therefore, not with a view to the protection of the interests ofa class; but with a view to the promotion of the general interests of the Colony. The imposition of the proposed duty would not, however, be an act of that arbitrary nature which is. sonielnnes, had recourse Hi. It is not to deprive a man of his property. ll. is net to prsvemhis melting use ofil. It is merely to induce, or, if you please, in a manner lo compel him to reserve it for occasions, when the sale and use of it will be most for the promotion of the genersl'inler'esls, and consequently, in lbs and, most for his own individual benefit, and that of his family. It is surely very clear that, if ship- building timber become as high here as it is now elsewhere,-—snd rise in price it certainly will with us as it becomes scsrcer,——lhe reserving ofjuiiiper trees, by tenants, on parts of whose farms they are now growing, will be a saving of them for their own great ultimate benefit. I do not. however, blame the hon. member from Flinly Glen for ad- vocating the rights of his constituents; but I am opposed to the policy which, in this instance, he would have the Legislature to adopt, because I think it would be much less advantageous to such of the tenamry as are immediately con- cerned in the question under consideration. to he allowed to cut down their juniper trees and export the knees to the United States, or elsewhere, than to preserve them for home use by our own ship-builders. We ltnow very well ihstlhe land on which juniper trees grow is not in itself valua- ble; but, allow the timber to grow,and that will, eventually, make it, for a time. more valuable t an the most productive portions of a cleared

'i7‘:r

rm. Hon. Mr. Wsnauirroiv. I will opposethe impo- sition of an export-duty upon Juniper Knees. as I did_last year. They who have juni or trees growing upon their farms, have certain y a right to malre me most of them: and oughito be left in perfect liberty to sell them to those persons, whoever they may be, who will give them the best price for them, whether as timber or knees;

and whether required for home use, or exportation.

It is a fact that as good prices cannot be obtained, for juniper, from our Island ship-builders, as from the Americana ; and, therefore, the export of them ought not, I‘ think, to be interfered with. It might, indeed, be perfectly fair and reasonable to require all the juniper growing in the Island, to be reserved for home use, provided there were a sufilcienl demand for it, and that fair and reason able payments were made for it by our shipbuil- era. But that is not the case; and, therefore, to prevent the exportation ofii, by the imposition of a hesvy_export-duty would be a very arbitrary and

be called upon to prevent the exportation of fine horses, by means of an export-duty, in order that they t be reserved for our merchants and ship-bui den, and made obtainable by them at their own prices. a well, and with_as much ie'ty,might we be called upori to give effect. Iwlfgi stive enactment to an idea of Jud

mselves b as

Ilnvlvloulldebe better fcyr them Io use all they out upon their farms, in feeding and beddin their nude with it, than to sell it. I believe t at his ‘Honor is most sincerely anxious to pzomote the interests of the-farmer, and tl_iet,_ th _on ac- eeant of his notice in agricultu- ral economy and his writliigs in recommenda- tion of it, he is entitled to the t and of the farmers of Prince ward Island; I think there are few, if any members ouse who would not at once exclaiin neutrons injustice of a pro sltion sdbct by law tothis idea 0 Judge gs t that for the p‘l'OVOnti0n of ht.helsx- htion of uni knees s not onew it ess ,0’ than it wdiild be to vent a man's sel- ovvn ha . I I have a perfect right to do tlwill with what is in own [“ Hear"‘ the lion. or. No matter who prletcr may be, under whom I live-I a better flfit to my farm, than the ro- who,per ps,psverssw it. If the on.

member is, however, very-anxious positon 0

I08

any

I‘ a tea which would in re-

E‘ E

to wick; for all the uulper now grcwiri

oppressive set. It is not from hear-say that I speak; but from my own knowledge. In iuy own district, the poor farmers are paid for their juniper, and, in fact for any other kind of timber they may be able to dispose of, in a we which is shamefully unfair: they are paid for it mall kinds of trash, at moatexorbitsnt rates. In in neigh-

~ hourhcod, I am sorry to say lliere are too many

engaged in lumbering; and, however necessary the carrying on of the lumbering trade may be for the sup lying of the ship-yards and the benefit of sbip- uilders, 1 am very certain that must of the

cor men who are so engaged, instead ofitnprov- ing their own circumstances by it, are, year after year, becoming poorer and poorer.

r. Loscwoarn. Notwithstanding the threat- ened snathema of the hon. member from Flinty Glen (Mr. Mooney). I am not afraid to declare myself in favor of the im 'tion of an export- duly on Juniper-Knees. ut, in so declaring myself, I am not more influenced by s considera- tion of the ship-builder's interests, than a regard for those of the farmer. The ax to trade, in 'unipsr, as it has lately been carried on, is only in knees, for the sake of which hundreds of valu- able trees are out down, and, after having had the ltftees taken of, left uppn the ground to rot, and in the case of tire, to , as it were, an additional means of accomplishing the destruction of then which were left standing. I would not impose a high duty on what knees are now prepared for exportation; but, with res t to all now se- gaged for by contract, or so prepared for exporta- tion on the opening of the navigation, I would propose a duty of from lid. to la. a knee until the lat July. But sller that period. the duty should, I think, he as high ea 4s. ed. a knee. It ought, a fact, to be made proliibitory, as in New Britche- ia t e Island will, if left, required, b curse vss, for shipbuilding purposes: and, as t e reserving of it for such purposes will be to provide for the sup-

-

ve port of a trade which hssbaen the main source of

whatever prosperity has. hitherto, been experi- enced by the Colony, and which, so long as it

ion can be successfully carried on, will continue to

promote the general interests more than any other business which could be taken up in its

. I am decidedly of opinion that the sooner e export trade In Juai r Knees shall be put a etc to b e prohibits? my the better.

. irtooelar. have always thou ht that the cutting down of juniper trees, for t e sake of the knees, and allowing all the rest to lie tip- oii the ground, would not only, evsntually,prove

I'D F

ofotir ship-builders; but. necessary on it may I..- tutlieir successful prosecution 079"‘ "‘“‘l*‘- its preservation would benefit this country at lar tutu-h more than it would bein-ht llwnh Of ate years, the shi liuildin business he! not generally been pro uctivc 0 ntueli profit to those who have been directly_en ged in carry"- ing it on. On the contrary, it as provvd 0 most ruinous to some of them. Sti_l its pro- secution has been generally beneficial to the country: and, so intimatel is the rosecution of that business connector with tie general 1.1-..~.y.i\r-ity of tho muinti-_v. lliut. wlii-it It protr- ers. all our iuturer-ts run -7. II 1 . Tl “- declines. its depression is iupiriously fi-ltby the whole body of the people. f the Americans be allowed, but for a. short time longer, to pur- chase, and shi of juni r-knees. as they have done of late, ere wil not be a 'unipcr tree left in the Island. I am favourali e to a. duty. which,like that in New Brunswick. shall am- cunt to it rohibition ; and I think 4s. 6d. _ti knee would be ittls enough to render it ellective for the preservation of t re timl _ l-Ion. the SPKAKEII. Ilc could not believe that an hon. meinbcr could be conscientiously per- suaded that the auccessfnl carryin on of the shi -building business, iti this (‘o oiiy, would be or the benefit of the ship-builders only, and not for that of the people in general also. e had no connexion with ship-builders, _and could not, he thought, be suspected of a desire to pro- mote their interests tit the expense of those of the tenentry, or of any portion of them. He was at ll km: to orceivc any good ;;rounI-l8_l‘0I" the great warint and earnestness with Wlllt‘ll tho I K for the imposition ofau cx rt- duty on juniper knees was opposed by the roll. member for the Second District of Queen‘s County. It was not the first time that ex rte- tion had been prevented bylpn act of this gis- lature; and when an em rgo was laid upon rain, that hon. member was, he believed, in avor ofit. The crop in question was not how- ever like rain. [I was one which, once cut down, wou d never row a in : at least a se- cond rowtli ofa use ul size could not be looked for. The prevention of cxpoi-t.a.tion,wlien likely to he attended with in'urious efiects. Will. be- sides, ii olicy, the Wlflt out of which had been practically acknowledged by all countries. A quantity ofjuni er, for which. if exported, not more than All would be received, would, if left at home, for the use of our ship-builders, eventually realize a return of £1000, or the benefit of the Colony. Surely then it would be wise to prevent, if possible, so rcat ti. loss to the country,as would be caused iy such impro- vident. exportation of juni r. he hon. the Colonial becretary hod sai that they who were engaged in lumbering derived no lasting benefit from it That was a mists e. Sonic shi builders fiave employment to us many as l0(0 men, in t at way, and in their shipyards: and it was well known that many, by means of such employment, had become free-holders. In some districts there was no shipbuilding; and in such there was little or no lumbering. At the west end of the Island there had,last year, been burned down morejnni r, if he had been cor- rectly informed. than hind been shipped from that quarter for years before. If that was the case ; if such was the danger to be apprehended from fire, it would be better to cut down and ship-ofl'ull the 'uniper they had left, although they mi ht not able to sell it for more than one-tent i of its value. It would surely be bet- ter to secure something, than to run the risk of losing all. In the policy of preventing expor- tation, the cat commercial roe rity of Great Britain be its origin. For tun reds ofycars, no wool was allowed to be ex ortcd from Eng- land, unless in a manufactured state. Even in his own time,a British wheel-wright was not at liberty to remove to a fhrei country ; and the exportation of all kinds 0 machinery was pre- vented. Monufacturers themselves were not at liberty to ctnigrate to other countries; and, if their leaving the kin om was, at any time winked at, they went out as labourers. The hon. member for the Second District of Queen's County (Mr. Mooney) had said, that it would be cruel to prevent a poor farmer from doin as he liked with any juniper which he migli have on his land. So might English farmers have said, and so, perha s, some of them id say,when they were not ii lowed to ex rt their wool to France, in which country ey could have obtained 5s. sterling ti pound for it,whilst, at home, they could obtain only 2a.; but the eneral prosperity of the nation depended upon t e prohibition, and it was, therefore, wisely persevered in. Indeed, if he mistook not, the exportation of English oak was prohibited, be- use it was required for the maintenance of the British urivy. The licy of such prohibi- lions was not uestioiia rle ; great national be- nefits had resu ted from them ; and whenever it could be satisfactorily proved that their im- position would tend to the promotion of the go- neral iuterests of it people, it would be wise to have recourse to them. I-Ii fortner opinion, with respect to the prohibition of the exports.- tion cfjuniper, had, however, been ii little sha- ken by what had lately come to his knowledge concerning the quantity of that timber destroyed by fire; and he was of opinion that,whils it would be positively un'ust to impose any prohi- bitory duty that woul interfere with existing contracts, circumstances would scarcely autho- rise its imposition at all for a longer riod than three years, dating from the end of the summer.

TIIPIBAIOI. To ru Entree or liasxsatfs Gsarrrs.

Sir,-You would oblige a constant subscriber, and a sincere well-wisher to the pro ess of one of the most needed Reforms, b pu lshing the ' of Prolbssor tows at the an-

Soo tish ’llem rance

. see names of u wards of 30iiiinisters, eminent in the Church, w 0 were upon the plattbrm. e cannot ex- pect pros r tyin our cause, without it can be taken a y e promoters of Religion, and as man 0 them are new coining orwerd to hel It on, we may indeed look brward to lncrse prosperity. Yours,ltrnEly,n

Professor Srowa, who, on rising, was received with great cheeriu , as d-—l once heard of a good old orator w c was accustomed to as

when a s k—# Well, my Meade, never could begin a speech till after I made a lbw reinerks.’ (A laugh.) Now, I am sh-sld I

shall this evening have to make a few remarks, and then sit down without mekiu h

llltiiue Law as it is called: and, havin been engage-cl in the tent rance movement for enty five yours, in all its stages, ll‘0I_lI "30 l0W°lt depression up to the hour of triumph» I 3'11 satistled all true tent rance niovcinenu must culminate in a Maine w. (I4o_ud cheers.) I that wont to the state of Maine in I819 before anything was thought or said on the subject of tempt-runoe, and, after living in the 53390 1'01‘ six years, while that question was in the lowest state of depression, I returned in 1850 ust as it was beginning to enjoy the. triumph of Maine W. and I lived there two years to witness the 0 oration and effects of that low. Now, the s to of Maine is inliabit/ed chiefly b seanien, fishermen, and lumpers, thatis, men w 0 go into those vast forests, spend the winter in cutting and drawing the timber on the rivers while ikozcn, so that in spy-fling when the ice breaks up, the timber will oatsd down to the sea ports, whence it is trans rted to al parts of the world. These beipg a l employments ena\il- inga »atdec_l of he ship an exposure tobad weather. it was thought universally that distil- led s iirits, intoxicating drinks, were neoessa for t ose who were exposed to such hardships ; and being removed to a great extent from the restraints of domestic life, it was ver natural that these indulgenoes should be cart ed to ex- ceas. And that was the fact. Throughout that State there was the excess of spirit selling and spirit drinkin which, I am sorry to say, I witnessed in -otland both now and when I visit:-d this kingdom in l836. It seemed to then, as it seems to me now, that as Scotland, in its natural features and the character of the poo lo, bears a strong resemblance to the state of Jaine, so the drunken habits of Scotland