PIGE FOUR '

f lREPORT on THE l. TUNNEL BY SIR

then Minister of Finance for Canada.

l In \ic\\ of the recelit controversy between Mr. S. A. MacDonald, Pre- sident of the Associated Boards of ‘Trade. and Captain John L. Read, of ithe "Carferry" steamer. the followq ing report of Sir Douglas Fox in re- _ ‘gard to a tunnel under the North- wick and Carlton Point in Prlncci

itional interest. fboth from a constructive and This report was submitted by Sir‘ [raffle point of view.

h e’s"a lin erin sweetness T er ‘g g Douglas Pox in May. 1391. l0 the

to this delightfully chewy_ centre. And the “G.B." coating, thick and mellow, brings out the haunting

almond ﬂavour.’ Ask for GANOA/G s Almonimos

‘correct information and much ﬁll-pending 3 knots, with two hours of ilighteninent regarding the proposeid slack ivatel" each tide.

iwork. As the report had been ma c‘ .public some thirty-six years ago ‘is given as about 13.200 lineal yards,‘ Ythere then followed considerable dis-hr say froiii shalt to shaft 13.500

gbility of constructing a tlillliel had tunnel.

The maker's mark on ‘cverypicce.

lSiYHCIlOHI and mlleh Wale!‘ has flOW- height above high water mark, with led between New Brunswick and a mean altitude of about 25 feet, the Prince Edward Island. at the l>°l11l5;soil being of a red clayey nature. It

CHOCOLATES

THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

umuuut of per-cola ion, but not lartle‘ lfeeders of water, from this 1'

remarkably free from faults. show- ing that the beds, as mentioned by Mr. Baln, have not been exposed to strain.

Owing to the great depth at which the tunnel in some portions oi‘ it: length, will lie below the level of high water, viz: 156 it. to the under- side of invert, it would be impee- sible for men to work under the full

, - ock. It 1, _ g , impossible to speak ' - DQUQLAS Foxi lvfritll) ctcriglsify upon this point; 11w! l 1 1 am strengthened in this op non ‘in was Submitted in any. 1891, to; by the cvnl°lmlbl° "ml" °f m?

_ I Istrata in the neighborhood, which

i the lion. George E. Foster, - understand “on; My, pulmgr to be I . l FILWRYS PLEASE l 7%eqhauedbnes0ﬁmn56l@ars

Carlton Head to Cape Jourmain. nyndrostatic pressure, which would.

timberland Straits will be of excep-iEdu-urtrs Island, is well selected, which you were kind enough alshow me, and that, ‘from my know- men, whereas 4g 155, per gquare inch ‘ledge of the geological structure of can oniy be endured at, gonslder- The greatest zieptli of ivatet- is the locality, I have no hesitation in Jbie risk. and for u Hon. George E. Foster. then Minis-l shown as being 90 feet at Iiigh Wat- stating that I believe the report and whiist therein“ a reduced pressure ter of Finance. in the Government ei- u-lili a rise oi tides of 6 feet atisection fairly represent the charac- might be found useful a; certain (i '01 Sir John A, Macdonald. It speaks springs. and 3 feet lit neaps. andltei- of the beds to be penetrated by points to check the now during Con. for itself. and will give our readers 111t- speed of the current as not ex-Qthe proposed tunnel. and that these smiciiom i; would be neggsgary ‘to

m amount to about 88 lbs. per square

short time.

will not present any serious diillcul- make provision for nunmgui; such l)’. the Elmmd being l“ ‘act as fav‘ feeders as might be met with, reduc-

a work.“

lchgfggte)‘, I shoul expect a. certain -

The distance from shore to shore-Braille H5 Cellld be desired m” Such ed 9,5 beforementioned, and limited

also by exposing at one time as

It is evident. from the cross sec- snort a iengtn o; ground us possible,

mission, editorially and otherwise in [meal yards, OXCIUSIVC of the land=tl0ns supplied by Mr. Baln tliat_itis since i; reported unon "us subject ‘the Island press. It was universally apprcachcs on either side of whighiposslble to locate the tunnel entirely to the Ho“ (now Chief Justjce) Iccnceded. however. that the feasi- about 2.000 lineal yards would be in above the carboniferous sandstone suiiivan on the 7m Ann], 133g mug“

strata and care should be taken not progress has been made in the di-iv.

hood of the intended work.

‘been brought down to a practical Mr. Palmer iurthel‘ reports that l0 lap {h9g9 strata either b)’ She“ 0!‘ in; of suiraqueuus uunneis in water-

. . 9, lpoint where it might be dealt with the shores upon either coast are wen boriiigs in the immediate neighbor-ibeaiins strum by means o; Shields lby the Government. However, it ivas adapted _foi- railway‘ approaches. ‘similar to that introduced by Mr. I. Iiiot taken up with a view to its con- varying from l5 feet to 35 feet in so far “lean judge from the smaiiW-I. Greathead, Mem. Inst. C- E. f0!

specimens of the shale in my posses- sion I agree that. it is likely to be

the Subways under the River Thames in this city, afterwards ad- opted for the “Sarniaﬂ tunnel, on

‘wit-o slervél-‘easyto digest "nutritious while wheat l l the branyotllneed i

V i

rig,

ll Notice to I-‘ox R cher it A l? and Buyers,

liking pawl and cleaned m: and olivi- rm for the palsi. tﬁoayeals, for the ﬁrm of J. D. lentil

I "t.

II. L. Worthy

Sold by Coffin & Co.

‘Road liiiililr-rs iii ilziirgiii prev-wit the frequent rains lll(l'l' ilziliizitiiup freshly laid lonercie Iiy llrnvlillll! yuniiiiiivl w] in: llllll'1' Iliun l3" \\'li'<l'

wht-elg in ln- iilur-t-ll ip\'I‘l‘ iv, - iiir if lll il|'.\‘ ilalllv Yul‘ se-vvll i!il_\'.~'.

Benin wireless lt'.~l.~'

I"... ,__.-..__;

l1(‘l\‘.‘t.'é'll

. mentioned in the report. since it wa

of tunnel construction no doubt th

28 Victoria St.. Westminster, S.W..

‘iordinary interest today.

lPmposed Railway Tunnel under th

5 appears also that the higher land on

"l" Mcrllersm‘ Esubmitted. However. as Mr. Mac- the Prince Edward's Island shore. Donald has now revived the question falls away

towards the interior. e which will therefore shorten the ap-

report of that great Engineer. Sir preaches on that side.

iiniiii “mi Him, minim nu“. N. {Douglas Fox, which has been kindly Mr. Palmer considers that about

.,,]i,.,| n, mu, Wnuing “nu .,.,.,.i\.. ‘handed to the Patriotlby Mr. Mac- 5'.» miles of railway, including some i, minim. ,Donald will be read with morethan 2,000 lineal yards of tunnel asbefore

mentioned. will be necessary beyond the shafts to connect the tunnel with the respective systems of railway,

London, May 5,1891. which, however, are of a different

e gauge. viz: 4 it. 8": inches in New

l Ncrthumberland Straits. between Brunswick and the Dominion gen-

i New ‘Brunswick and Prince Ed ward Island.

- erally, and 3 ft. 6 inches in Prince Edwards Island.

impermeable to water and to form a favorable material for tunnelling operations. The cross section how- ever shows that owing to the slight inclination of the beds the tunnel cannot be made to pass entirely through this stratum but. must ne- cessarily cross at an oblique angle. and therefore for some distance. through certain sandstone beds. which are shown thereon, and whlc

similar to samples in my possession.

Judging from carried on under my supervision in sandstone of a somewhat similar

the permanent work- (Continued on Page B.)

the Grand Trunk Railway and now \ l working with some modifications of i . siallcd detail in the tunnel under the River ' Hudson in New York. and in the "Vyrnwy" Tunnel under the» River ,l_ _ ‘Mersey. By means of suchashield. i - ' suitably designed in wrought ironw oi steel, work can be carried on with much greater safety to the men em- }. n ployed, and without the use of ten};

- orar timbers, which, whether le i I understand to be red sandstone f“ pegmanentiyv or withdrawn. com subaqueous worklstantly prove a source of weakness to

Report of Sir Douglas Fox. Member Brick clay free from lime is said ' of Councii of the Institution of to exist at several points in Prince | Civil Engineers and Corresponding Edwards Island, and a sample brick | Member of the American Societyof good quality has been. forwarded ‘ of Civil Engineers. to me, together with a report by Mi‘. lTo the Hon, George E. Foster. Btiin thereon, dated the 9th of De- Minister oi" Finance for the D01 eomber, 1890, of which a copy is an- i nlinion oi‘ Canada. Ottawa. , iiexed hereto. (Appendix. A.) l SlYr-III accordance with instruv’ Coal of good quality from Pictou liions received by inc on the 17th 0t ulld timber. could be delivered lit lScptembcr, 189i). through the lion. 1m; shafts lit. moderate prices. Seiiiitoi- (i. W. I-Iowlan, I detailed. I assume that. any materials, or

iMr. AllI‘0tltPii1TllItI§l‘,iﬂi.1lglV;l iIlQCllllllElQVlfeqlllfid to be imported. uionm so. Il ' - ~ ~_ ' laly iiispyection of the proplesed site gglétilfyfvol q won d be admmed free f0!‘ the Railway Tunnel under the‘ I am informed that ordinary labor Northiimberlaild Straits. to connect is worm nbuut, 45,, and skilled labor-l the railway" systems of flew Bruns-i about. s5, pef day, wick and of the Dominion gellcrﬂl- The ruling gradient on the main 118i “With that 0f Prince Edwﬂrﬂllinesaof New Brunswick is given as s ant. f1 in 1, or 65 feet er .mi.l and that‘ He was uccoittpahied by the Hoitin Prince Edward‘? Island’ as 1 inI G._W. Howlan. and by Mr» Frincigstl. or so feet per mile. Erom the tiizttzizzit‘ "* easzr;r"ms o‘ w - - _ i s. accompanying Mr. Bains .-.i‘3i;..§é"Tfil?2§§€Ei;..i‘?}h?“i§2l§I Lilli‘.iliieiiiifliiéiiiiiﬁﬁﬁuifi‘ i‘. fill as to the strata under the bed of the countered on the question of grzidiﬁ sell on the line of the Tunnel. the guts, us “u; mveis of me innnui proposed location, under the liar- (juuld be so arranged, as approxi-l 1<>\\l’-‘-i Ilﬂlllfllln Q1 Ill" $llﬂllh_ hi“ iiiliirrli’ shown on the cross seciiozi, M lei ~0lhl m NOW B11l1l5~ |:\])])Efl(ll,\' F.) as to give a sufficient‘ —- J thickness of solid strata, between the: exzratios or cmwii of the tunnel and llic bed of the Straits. ‘illlOilt ‘m3 volvilig any steeper incline than liii I00, or 52.8 feet. per mile. uliilst: the approach tunnel can be laid out wiihl zi ruling gradient of l in U0 or B0 feet’ per mile, both tunnels (lraining iiitol one pumping shaft as shown. l

It would be convenient but not cs5 iscntial for constructive pirrposes, that ‘the tunnel alignment should be a. straight line from shaft to shaft. .

Upon the all important question of lthc stratification on the proposed }alignment, Mr. Palmer quotes the ifollowing opinion, given to him ver- bally by Mr. Francis Bain on the occasion of his visit.

"In his belief a bed of red clay shale varying in thickness from 50 to 80 feetextends right across the Straits_of Northumbcrlaiid. It lies ,almost horizontally upon a carbon- iiferous or grey sandstone base, and

. ilS said to contain small occasional

‘ ilenticular masses of ilnc red sand-

‘, ~ stone."

_ - i _Mr. Palmer adds, as the result of

v ‘hi5 own investigation:

, , ' “The geological outcrop on either . - _ ‘Show. in which the strata are dis-

f k ,tinctly visible, the formation of the

‘l Come from foxes fed liberally with IMPERIAL FOX BISCUITS. Iligheﬁl surrounding country. the stratifica-

.< ices on all fur markets arr realized liy ranchers who make IMPERIAL , u?“ 5991] l“ “elllllleorlng Wells-Cem-

i DUCT‘ ‘heir Sm h‘ mod , bined with ‘the opinion of ‘Mt. Balll. ' - P I ~ i the geologist. who is a native of the

' llsland. and has n knowledge of its

'cntire formation. prove that amost favorable and impervious stratum does exist for sub-aqueous tunnel- ling.“

Aeeemllllhllilit; Mi". Bulb's report upon the brick clay same a cross section of the Straits plotted to a distorted scale. iAppendix B), to- gether with samples of shale and sandstone, as found in the neighbor- hood.

Having communicated through the Hon. G. W. Howlan, my desire for, further and more distinct informa- tioli. I received the reports of Mr. Bain dated respectively the 18th of December. 1890, and the 14th March, i891, of which copies are (nnexed (Appendices C dz Di. together with a cross section of the Slfaits to a inatural scale (Appendixlil)

rs c I ' o. In this report Mr. Bain remarks: . , cumztorrerowu .lQLTSS.‘€ﬁi.i‘i§‘.“’t3€“€t2'§m”§i”‘§€

enaoeous or calcareous deposits, P. EJ.

is Increased Pelt Values

follow regular use oi‘ IMPERIALS which are prepared from formula tested and approved by world's leading fur experts. To secure highest-grade, glistening. really worth-while, pelts, IMPERIALS must be fed.

The Pelting Season is fast approaching. (let your foxes in good shape with IMPERIALS. Should you not be feeding them now, start at once and a great improvement will very shortly be noticeable, fully justifying our claims.

For sale liy distributors in leading business centres and direct for factory.

\\

which occur irl them, are local len- ticular and discontinuous. and not likely to form leads for water. A . . These shales are impermeable to water. Tm carbonifcrous base of sandstone will possibly form a dan- gerous sdurce of water, and it should i be avoided. but, as already remark- .ed. it ’does not break up under the i bed of the Straits here . . .

,"It is my duty to state that, though convinced of the accuracy of whatI now present, l1 more minute and de- tailed geological investigation should be made before active engineering operations are begun."

I have also before me a copy ofa .‘ letter addressed on January 9. 1891. to the Hon G. W. Howlan by Sir . William Dawson of .\IcGill Univer- sity, Montreal. which runs as fol- lirws: , .»..~_ "I beg to sriy that I have road and examined the report and section prepared by Mr. Biiin. with refer-

Qiﬁiﬁeﬁuiil . to Nevr_

Ozfltorﬂimw Victrolﬁ-

for

enoi w the proposed tunnel from

Captures the soul oi the violin, of the fllﬂllﬁ, the clarinet, the voice-captures the soul of any and all musical sounds, singly and io- getherl Plays naturally the tones of these musical sounds. and all the rippling over- tones, that give beauty and color to music. Captures the low fundamental notes that give instrumental music its depth and rich- ness, and liberates t_hem at your pleasure.

All this is yours in th_e new Orthophonic Vic- l trola (and only in this instrument).

‘l ‘\ ll i. r l . ‘ l ii ll i ‘l ll ‘I’ i‘ z . O i Paloma , i _ _ l: $160 ‘ or with I - _ electric motor

Rd. I017

apttwes the

1

of the

—+says Fritz Kreisler-famous violinist- in praise of the new Orlhgplzonic Victrola. l It captures all who listen to it !

because scientists have shown us the tactical < ' application of the principle of “ l Impedance’ patents for which are Victor-controlled. ‘ l

'l‘lius you may have beautiful, realistic, music at home, and you may have graceful cabinets ﬁnished in ﬁne woods. designed models-all e ui ped with a. device which stops every recor a ter playing.

And all

Victrola. ,'

Victor Talking Machine Company of Canada, Limited, Mosul-i _

new ’ mm

at slight additional cost. Prices from $799 to as low as $115.

Olilninzible on convenient payments at all I.

_ now started business myself oi have now in- ‘of the most modern Fur Clean]: Plants.

amount satisfactory service guaranteed PRICES REASONABLE. t

‘ _\\

GORDON LUND

Phone m. m out George sum. * CIIARLOTTETOWN, r. 2.;

-._.\\\

'\\

iiiifil

' \~(a

ottl

lVl ” MSlCo ’

atched

or “smooth ﬂow of sound", the

Seven artisticall?

Elec- ric drive which eliminates winding is optional

lis Master's Yoice dealers.

O31 _ "a-only if it bears this Trademark