til:-gas GUARDIANl

' - week-that nluci.urnAooamu.uA:-

. 7? --cum nun llvard mud nu it: nor- l "-3 lldllar and Manager in A. Iunitt. ' Jluocrm mm. Erma worn.- at summarkldo. Montague and Alberton. Author. Class Hall by the Post Office Department. omm. Uhlflolhwwnl Bummer-Ildo 815.00 per Annurn. Else 5. I ae.oo. other Provinces And U. 5. A. llI.00 Per Annum. '

I. -. .,Iro ea ' t fa ask”

Rita:-rliei-:

to in P.

-” "The strongest memory is weaker than the weakest Ink.”

THURSDAY. AUGUST 5. 1054

En. llaau, Bio

The little trouble between Portugal and India recalls the time when the Portu- guese were masters of the Far East. That was back in the middle 15th century when Manoel the Fortunate-so-called because everything seemed to go well with Portu- gal during his reign-eruled as absolute monarch of that powerful maritime nation. Following a series of military reverses, Portugalls hold on the East gradually weakened until, by the turn of this cen- tury, she had reverted to small power status. The only relics of her once proud sovereignty in the East are three tiny col- onies, Goa. Damao, and Diu, on the West coast of India. and these seem to be on the verge of liquidation.

Some months ago when relations be- tween the two Republics became strained, President Salazar of Portugal announced ithat the 1500 square miles of territory, with a total population of little more than half a million, "must continue to be the memorial of our discoveries and a small Lhearth of the spirit of the West in the 'jSast." The trouble with that point of view gs that India wants only Indian hearts on Eindian soil. Last week's incidents, in which flndian Nationalists "liberated" five small yillagcs and promised to do the same for ill Goa in a month or so, were not spon- pored by the Indian Government; however, Mr. Nehru has left" no doubt in anyone's lrnind that his blessing goes with the "lib- erators."

Back home in Lisbon there is some talk of fighting, if need be, to keep Portuguese hearths in India warm, but nobody believes ,that any weapon more formidable than harsh words will be used in the controv- ersy. As things stand at present it would seem that the most valorous procedure for Portugal to adopt would be a graceful withdrawal from the East after giving Goa, Damao, and Diu over to Indian auth- orities and charging the whole transaction to profit and loss. The alternative is blood- l shed with-so far as Portugal is concerned l -nothing to show for it.

"Faith, Tolerance, Freedom"

All interested in the problem of educa- tion would do well to ponder seriously the address given yesterday at. St. Dunstan's Academic Assembly by the Hon. Paul Mar- tin, Minister of National Health and Wel- fare. In this increasingly materialistic age, Mr. Martin pointed out, science and tech- nology can only take us so far. "The phil- iosophic and moral values that are the foundation and the glory of our civilization were not distilled in the laboratories of 'the Twentieth Century but in the minds and hearts of the men of Athens and Jerusalem and Rome many centuries ago." It is also essential, at this critical point in human history, that institutions of higher learning accept their responsibilities of leadership by maintaining standards of thought and action that will be A guide and inspiration for all men.

The heritage of learning that has sur- vived the centuries Mr. Martin termed ”a battlement as mighty as any fortification erected by the hand of man." The univer- sity, as the custodian of that priceless heri- tage, is a bulwark against the forces of intolerance, aggression and conflict. These three evils are rampant today, de- ipite all our boasted progress in material hirections. Perhaps one should say be- hause of our undue emphasis on material ,':aims. For as Mr. Martin shrewdly pointed

4 r . l r

--out, "true tolerance is only possible when .men hold deep convictions and are so ten- Ficioua of them that they willingly allow ' there the liberty of their conviction." l uch convictions, however, must be based lion knowledge; for there is "A unity and A nlversality in knowledge that knows no litical or geographic boundaries and. at transcends the false barrier! I0 ff? y imposed by class and creed." It is . significant, he added, that faith, I W lemme, respect for freedom. diversity of I .' (create and the exploration of many ' the qualities that make for the utglnthe university netting-An the which have made Canada flourish , A nation.-One could go back over five .. . .. years of. hullanhiatory And tmstoba nomere-coincidence, but ' ltruth.-.. -

.l,i'

tempting, what is clearly beyond its pow- er." Second: The vital importance of "a sincere and generous approach to the peo- ples who are now emerging from depend- ent status, In Viet Nam, the Communiats' world-wide'strategy of identifying them- selves with the upsurge of nationalism was given every assistance both by French re- calcitrance and by the fluctuating policies of the other Western powers; and the re- sult was the embittering of relationsvbe- tween Asians and Westerners not only in Indo-China but throughout Southern Asia."

Third: Mr. Anthony Eden's diplomacy at Geneva (and The Economist believes he deserves the applause he has received from Britons for it) ”was even in this case pivot- ing on a fulcrum of American power." There would have been fewer concessions from Molotov and Chou En-lai "if the thought of the United States' armed might had not been in the minds of the Com- munist leaders. Tactically, the Americans have presented a sorry spectacle through- out these last three months . . . sulking on the sidelines, tied hand and foot by the in- anities of their domestic politics, and noth- ing could exceed in childish petuiance the reaction of most of them (President Eisen- hower honourably excepted) to a settle- ment which is fully as much a relief to them as to every one else. But for all this. it is America's strategy, the strength and backbone that it has put into the free world-not in the past three months but' in the past six yearsethat has made it possible to retrieve anything at all from the French collapse in Indo-China. If the Communists were willing to refrain from pushing their advantage to the utmost, it was primarily . . . because the Americans are strong and have shown that they will use their strength if Communist aggres- sion gocs too far."

Fourth: If the Communists argue, as" they presumably will in an effort to de- tach France from the United States, that the Indo-China settlement should set the pattern for fresh negotiations in Europe and particularly over Germany, it is a trap: The cases are not parallel; in Viet Nam the Communists have won both military victory and a wide measure of popular support; in Germany they have won neither, "and for Germany the true lesson of Indo-China is the fact that military and political weak- ness must lead inevitably to acceptance of Communist terms." .

Fifth (and most painful): "The im- possibility of holding in check a dynamic and ruthlessly disciplined movement when there is no matching unity among the po- tential victims. In Europe, the free nations have held their line in recent years because they possessed both a joint defence organ- ization and an ideological bond. In South- east Asia there has been neither of these things."

The Geneva agreements. The Economist 5

concludes, may yet provide a basis for building a new South-east Asian unity be- fore it is too late-"but they also provide an awful example of what. happens when unity, and unrelaxed effort behind the unity, are lacking."

EDITORIAL NOTES

Canada's militiamen will soon be wear- ing wound stripes and service chevrons for the first time since the end of the Second World War. It seems slightly unfair, how- ever, that wounds incurred in the Second World War or Korea are each represented by a gold stripe while it seems that all other wounds are designated byb single red stripe.

A fruit of specialization in armament production is this country's leading place in the development of certain types of ammunition, including small arms and arm-

our piercing types. If Canada attempted to manufacture anything like all the varied

requirements of warfare they would be prohibitively expensive and probably prim-

itlvo. . at lIrl4 .4. .

The first Atomic Bomb was dropped on Hiroshima this date 1945. As early as 1905 Einstein had deduced that there is no essential difference between mass and en- ergy, and that the complete destruction of 1 oz. of matter would release an amount of energy comparable to that obtained by the combustion of 100,000 tons of coal. Britain and the United States had worked cloaeiy together in solving the problems of con- structing the bomb. f

O O O A report from New

A 29-year-old Indian sciencevahiit . V discovered A possible vital link in the -

4

of what holds the atom together. Tho.an- I

nouncement was made by Professor I-larry Meaoei, Canadian-bom head of Australia's nuclear research at Sydney that the dis- covery might be regarded as A new funds- rncnui Article of Atomic nucleus or a new

fuod;of,decayordiAintigrationofaknown'

DeliIIllG:atI!I-that "

. -N l l ii;-V,,;r. . Aiuouucrs OPENING- Lirnnusamo aooY-wonxo announces the ., - on-5-In:.or;tue4r:-mi-1;-tynoviei-e,.1o.o..sv-anew I . it 3

The N'cig'lI.fb;s-f

y”Now you're getting warm again."

.............. . By George Clark

Along the finger of many Royal Air Force stations in Britain you will find thriving little farms com- plete with; pigs, poultry. vegetable,

the nation's larder, and provides restful recreation for pilots and gound crews. It also makes profits: profits that are spent on such things as sports gear and social activities. One of the most suc- cessful, and one of the oldest. of these R.A.P'. farms in at Bassing- bourne in Cambridgechlrc, which I recently visited. The contrasting sounds of jet engines and the grunt of pigs seemed to sum up life on this busy station, for here, in fact, flying and farming go together. A few hundred yards from the main run- way, where Meteors and Canberras are taking off and landing all the time, are neat pens of pigs. There are hens running around. plump- locking birds. and there is a brood- er full of young chicks. There has been forming at this station since the early days of the war, and A very profitable side- show it has turned out to be. In wartime. pilots back from missions over Germany welcomed the rest- ful change of a few hours on this farm. since then many an airman bent on farming in civilian life has.lenrnt the rudiments of agri- culture.

. In these days Baulngbourne is an R.A.F'. Bomber Command Op- erational Training Unit, and the farmer-in-chief is the Administra- tive Officer, Wing Commander Kennedy. While I was visltiniz the station he touched down in s

NOTES BY

A botanist claims that there are about 600 varieties of weeds. A bref survey of the garden indicates that this figure is much too low.- Edmonton Journal.

An Annoyed or person. is often referred -to As being "dia- gruntled". On the other hand, if logic held away, we might expect to find A happy And satisfied per- son referred to as being simply "gruntled", but there is no such word. A queer language Engllsh.- Brockvllle Recorder and Times.

The straw but, we note. III! come back into iaahlon in this city. Even the younger men are reported an puticipating in the return to the hat. Pcrscnallys we never thought a man looked completely dressed on the street without A hat. But then. were probably con- sidered old-fashioned. -St. Oath- arinu standard.

A conulipon , has done A Aen- ice to the cause of Preltenlink green or forest fires by reminding the public of the danger of bottlu, whole or broken, loft lylns Where the rays of the sun can strike them. The subject was brought to Attention blip correspondent who wrote telling how he had watched B0mGb0dy on -the back plAt.form of the int car of A moving train

cllldd. I IIIIIH IMDIKGC 011 hill by hi! father that boltltl dlacox'd- forest constitute I

In any cue the discovery illus-

Wre-twn.-I 9-we hr

l

,i-l-.4: 5-ow-:3.-L: ;(.yw--oo; -

Runway Farm

London Calling

Meteor on the runway, and came over to tell me about his tstock.' He said that At. the moment they had 110 pigs And 230 head of

plots, and often fields of wheat. poultry: the pigs are cold in the This RAF. sideline contributes to main to the Ministry of Food. End the rest to the Catering Officer.

which means of course that the

pork. Last year, he added. they lsold 270 pigs. The table birds are lsold to the messes, And are in great demand at Chrlstmastime, and the eggs are sold to the families in married quarters. The lresult of in this 'trading' was that last. year this particular station lshowed a profit of 52,000.

As for food for the stock, swlll is the main item, and they get this from the messes-for which they pay the Air Ministry. They also grow fodderabeet and cereals -for the livestock. i

. . .

Wing Commander Kennrdy em- phasised that the pigs helped to make life more interesting and comfortable for everyone on the station. For instance. they provide the money for the sports gear for rugger, soccer. and cricket, and they help to pay for the travelling expenses of the teams. A flourish- ing photographic club. A model nir- craft club, an an-iatcur radio club, and a music circle are all financed by the profits from activities on the term.

A local man. Mr. Childs. acts as the farm manager-he has been A farmer for many years-and one or two young airmen who are In- terested in farming have come along and put in some time on the farm to gain experience in agri- culture before leaving the service.

THE WAY

the safety of children would even.

indirectly contribute to the pos- sibility of their death or serious injury from a loaded rifle around the house? -Sudbury Star.

The Age Old Story I

not we All, with open flu be- holding an In A glam the glory of the Lord, are changed into the same image from glory to glory even as

by the Spin. of the Lord.

AOTOB DIE!

LONDON, (AP)-Britain's oldest actor, 100-year-old Alfred Eneom, is dead. Enaom. whose stage name was George Wilson, died It the hon: of his daughter. He began his acting career At the Age of so After retiring from the tailoring business And appeared in half A dozen well-known films, Among them "Colonel Blimp". ”Cauar and Cleopatra", and "Henry V".

ALLOWED IN MINIITIY

PRINCETON. N. .1'.. (AP) --The World Presbyterian Allilnee Tues- day by A one-vote margin went on record in favor of the ordination of women into the ministry. The vote was taken At the general coun- cil of the Alice on motion of Very Rev. Principal .7. Stanley Glen of Knox College. Toronto.

on. up; not )!1mb:ixI:d'3 igiftlg DIY CLEANED boo. mud or o n 0

.. .2."...'.m; ind ....m . ml mssnn one to preform tucks with one Ahot .g

booauao Ibo didn't know to no '

on AA no. in the bones. lafota-oonaoious I

- w---,1

love You (lollies

OLIANIIS

rt

us. .

mcssu get A good deal of fresh

.-

i

to i ruii.-Ic" FORUM A

lIlIoola-nlAopaaIeIhoIluIo-

-air,-it. may not be generally underotoodhow evil And dangerous A half truth may be. lvervone knowo-that truth whether it be scientific or religious in aomething to be Aougbt After and prized more than gold; but some people imag- ine that A half truth because it partake: of the nature of truth. must be true and are attracted and captivated y it. nor example Churchill uses the word democ- racy; but when Molotov uses-it he has in mind A system that is as different as night is from day. Molotov thinks of a regime where the people follow the principles of Communism. its attitude to the christian religion, its political aya- tem, its military objective, and obedience must be absolute. in thought, word and deed. In Ena- ola. elections are held. a very dem- ocratic practice. but in that coun- try the results Are known long before the elcctlon,and on the day announced, all the citloena turn out, no matter what the weather. and nearly loo per cent. vote for the candidates set up And woe-be tlde the man who stays home or votes for any other candidates.

We had better not bout too highly of our own democracy. It has some quite shady spots. We have the secret ballot And one has the liberty to vote for whom he wishes, but A man has been konwn to take a bribe from one party and go behind the screen And vote for the opposition; and this trend of trickery is not uncom- mon. Tradltlon swing: a heavy weight. in our elections. I have known I good man to vote for a man of shoddy character becauszj he represented his grandfather's party. some running acres in our own democracy greatly need heal- ng.

The Russian Government has been pushing hard on peace propa- ganda. Perhaps it is their shrewd- est. line. They know that the best people in the West are deeply longing for peace so they have given out that the Russians want. peace above All things, and in ev- ery move, no matter how suspic- ious, their aim is peace. Such A brilliant and good man as Dr, James Endicctt has been fooled by this Russian ruse, and thousands of his type have Also been deceiv- ed. We are reminded of what the Psalmist says: "The words of his mouth were smoother than butter but war was in his heart.” We know that war is in the Commun- ist heart. They have honeycombed the world with their cells and their ideas, but so far they luvs supplied warring nations, saved their own men and thus have gained immensely in power and prestige. .

Of course, I Government of such unscrupulous liars cannot last but it may last long enough to sire the world A lot of trouble. What a shame to see a great and capable nation as Russia is. doom- ed to disaster! Minions of the people will suffer. -

Haunted by our fear of itussla as we Are we would be wiser to put. more trust. in God than in our EIHTIB.

I am, Sir, etc..

Stanley Bridge.

Old Charlottetown

g. Analtll.

FINE MONUMENT

"Some time Ago we noticed in our columns the monument to be erected by the Catholics of this city to their late pastor. Rev. Alex. ander McGillivray. Now that the work is completed and the monu- ment in its position in the new Cemetery. we heartilyi congntu. late Mr. Hunter on his aucceu in producing A design so appropriate for a clergyman so generally re- spected and beloved. The likeness of the deceased which appears on the front, just below one of the dormers, is exquisitely wrought, showing I three-quarter view of the face. No one Acquainted with the reverend gentleman could fail to see A striking resemblance."

-The Presbyterian. June ll, 1885. (The remains of Father McGil- livray. who died July 4. 1888, were the first to be interred in the cemetery.)

.1

when the newspapers toll of Anglo-Ame:-icAn "differences" they mean difference: of opinion among top-level diplomats And politicians: Recently Hr. lden and Mr. Duliol. representing the British. lbrclxn Office And the United states State Department respectively. were ul- cotod for special mention, the is- auo being whatto do or what not to do with Indo-China. the Ohi- nue conununiatl. and A few other unplcannt person: and thlau.

only Mr. Eden and Mr. Dulles know just how serious the diverg- ence wu. It may have been more serious than the report: indicated. or it may have been less no; prob- ably the latter. for bad news trav- els flat and the farther it goes the worse it gets.

Then, of course. there is what. might be called 'flow-level" wrang- ling: that is to Jay, among con- sclenceleu politicians on both sides who see in the diplomatic exchanges of their official super- iors I chance to make a little political notoriety for themselves.

These high-level and low-level differences are not to be brushed aside as if they were of no con- sequence; but so long as they stay on one level or the other they are more irritating than dangerous. The place to watch is the vast area in between where dwell the people of both nations; relations between two usually friendly coun- tries are not really "strained" until the friction moves down from the high-evel. and up from the low-level, and settles in the com- mon ways, which may mean any- thing from the playground to the battle-field.