i PAGE FOUR I .-_

THE GUARDIAN

IIOIIIIII "l", tlfoundlrl ll Ill"! Author-ma u riot-uni! (‘Inn sinil. Pa» 0"!" lnipulnient, Onlvvn. ‘ "Ila llllud tluurdlln Pauli-inn; Ca. Illtnv and lluiinzlii; Ulrurlur, ‘J ti. Burnett. Annotate Jflitltnr, Fran]: Waller.

_'The Strongest Memory is Weaker The» the Weakest tnk.“

CHARLOTTETOWN. MONDAY, was. ‘l, tom

Tiiilay’s fly-Election

Today's Federal by-election in Nicolet-Ya- maska, Quebec, is a three-way contest for the seat made vacant in the House of Commons by the recent death of Mr. Lucien Dubois, who rep resented the constituency as a Liberal since 1930. The official Liberal candidate is being opposed by an independent Liberal and by. a ‘Progressive Conservative. Normally the election would be a "pushover" for the Government can- didate, but in this instance there DPPE°Y5 1° PF some element of doubt, according to the resi- dent Ottawa correspondent of the Montreal Ga- zette, Mr. Fred C. Meais.

The constituency is one which never elect- ld a Conservative, in i945, it gave two rival Liberal candidates 14,631 votes between them, and only 944 to the lone Progressive Conserva- tive, who qlgi) curried the label "independent"lto attract support. it cannot therefore, be the rid- ing's political record, but must be the Govern- ment's which makes the Parliamentary support- ers apprehensive of "rougii going."

Nicolet-Yamaska will be the 17th. contest- ed federal by-election since the Liberal Govern- ment was returned to office in mid-1945. in the 16 contests held to date, the Liberal Party lost no fewer than five of the seats it won in 1945, and has made one gain, its margin in the House being thus reduced by four. The Progressive Cori- servative Opposition has lost one, and gained two; the C.C.F. has made three net gains, and Social Credit, one.

The total scores of the two major parties, and the two chief groups in the whole 16 cori- tests were Liberals 8, Progressive Conservatives 4, C.C.F.-ers 3, Social Creditors 1. Of the eight Liberal wins, four were of no significance bccausc they were merely cabinet minister returns for beats previously held by the Government. The other four were Richelieu-Vcrchercs, HOltlflX, Montreal Cartier, and Laval-Two lvlountains. All of these except the Cartkr seat, which was n Liberal gain from the Labor-Progressives, had been carried by the Government in 1945; and the Liberal margins in Halifax arid Richelieu-Ver- chores were heavily reduced in the by-electioiis.

The Progressive Conservative victories were Toronto-Parkdale, where their 1,607 margin in 1945 was reduced to 553; Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, where a Liberal plurality of 1,857 was converted into a Conservative lead of 668; Digby-Annapolis-Kings, Nova Scbtia, where Rt. Hon. J. L. Haley's plurality of 4,577 was wiped out by Mr. George C. Nowlan, whose by-election llead exceeded 1,500; and Carleton, Ont., which returned Hon. George Drew with a record ma- jority. The thrce C.C.F. wins were Yale, B. C., from the Progressive Conservatives, and Vancou- ver Centre and the riding of Ontario from the Liberals. The single Social Credit by-election lcore was Pontiac, Quebec, which the Liberals had carried by 7,100 in 1945. The Social Credit- ors won it in the by-election by 1,400.

All parties and groups therefore except the Liberals have improved their positions in Par- liament as a result of the whole by-election score to date. Tcday, however, the Liber- als may be successful in turning back the latest attempt to further pare the Government's nar- low majority in the House of Commons.

Conservation

Much has been learned and great progress has been made in soil and water CGllZTfYDllOll on the Prairies since the P. F. R’. A. began work in 1935; but much more remains to be don_e, and the Agricultural institute of Canada ‘IS currently urging upon the Federal and provincial governments a co-ordinated effort to push for- ward conservation work in Canada.

What the Institute wants is the co-ordina- fion of all conservation measures across the country into a national soil and water conser- yotion programme, with a national conservation council to devise policy, and appointment of a IDominion co-ordinator in the federal department of agriculture to direct national aspects of the programme.‘ _

The institute suggests that the Provinces, in which control of these resources is vested, be asked to provide the legislation, administrative organization, and educational services necessary to carry out such an over-all scheme, which will be built up on the present principle of local eelf help by farmers.

The dry summer and fall last year has arous- od speculation both here and in the U. S. as to whether another period of low moisture levels is in prospect. If we are at the beginning of a new dry cycle, the representations of the Agricul- ‘tural Institute are more than timely. The lnsti- tute thinks an over-all national conservation programme is needed in any case.

Ari tllil Stalin Custom

Mr. Stalin has again been answering ques- tions left in the post box inside the Kremlin gate by a Moscow correspondent.

This, comments the Ottawa Journal, is an old Stalin custom. He has now answered questions sent him over the past three or four years by the Associated Press, the United Press, Europ- ean news agencies and the Hearst international News Service.

No change in Soviet policy ever followed Mr. Stalin's other statements; the some old aggression and oggrandizement invariably con- tinued after professed desire for co-operation.

in the circumstances, what hope can exist for improvement because of this latest state- ment, one of the niost qualified that Stalin has jssuod? What hope, seeing that Stalin's latest

is accompanied by two revelations of the true Soviet temper? On the very day that Stalin was penning his reply to the International News—, "No objection" to a meeting with Truman-the, Kremlin was biasing the Atlantic Security Al-l iiance, the while giving blunt hint to Norway’ that she had better not join it. ' , When Stalin wants peace — peace with jus- I tice and decency -- he will not approach the; West through the medium of some news agency ‘ He will come, as he has ample facilities for corn . ing, through appropriate diplomatic channels ‘ Until that time, until Stalin matches talk and so-called "peace offensives" with action, the democracies had better beware him.

Encouraging Report

Elsewhere in today's issue appears a very encouraging report of the past year's activities of the Maritime Life insurance Company, which shows the company to be in asound and healthy condition, looking forward to greater operations and continued service. This is a matter of gen- eral Maritime interest, inasmuch as it is the only life insurance company which.hos its head office in these Provinces.

The report marks the completion of a quar- ter century of expanding operation, with business in force now amounting to thirty-seven and a quarter million dollars. This represents a valu- cble contribution to the economic life of the Maritime Provinces.

/ EDITOQIAL NOTES/

Tho proposed Workmen's Compensation Act will find support in principle from all sides. The toll of accidents to workmen falls heavily on the comparatively few, frequently without any lault on their part.

Poppy Day went over big this last year. The Canadian Legioifs national poppy organizing committee reports that receipts of last year's campaign were enough to provide $295,000 for peppy rclief |fUlKlS and velcraft shops. The com-_ niittae said poppy sales showed "a considerable increase" over previous years.

This is White Cane Week, so designated by the Canadian Council of the Blind and the Canadian National Institute for the Blind. in this Province, perhaps because of our lack of industrialization, the number of blind people is fortunately small. lt would be most unfair to ig- nore those we have because of that.

.- r. .-

The resolution of the Canadian Horticul- lural Council urging that the Federal Govern- ment "make a comprehensive study of the utili- mtion of potatoes for alcohol and glucose" is of the greatest importance to our farmers. An al- ternative market for surplus potatoes would go far to prevent disastrous price breaks in big crop years.

. i. v .- Mm: Land Devoted to Food Production:— The amount of land to com-e under the plough in Britain this year will show a big increase. This is indicated by the Ministry of Agriculture's fore- cast of acreage to be devoted to food production {iiriiig the coming twelve months. lt is expect- ezi to total about 11,000,000 acres compared vith 10,651,000 last yogi. ' i

The statement by Hon. Paul Martin, feder- oi minister of national health and welfare, that the federal government is matching dollar for dollar the cost of hospital construction in the provinces has caused some surprise in govern- mental circles in Quebec, though why is not explained. Here it has been well-known ‘for months, Mr. Martin said that aid totalling $737,000 has been granted two Montreal hospi- tals, the St. Joseph Sanatorium $563,000 and the St. Joseph Hospital for Convalescents, "173,- 599. Since St. Joseph Sanatorium will contain approximately 450 beds and the total cost $4,900,000 and the St. Joseph Hospital will have an additional 1Z0 beds, and the cost per bed is about $10,000. This means dollar for dollar, Quebec will have tosficough’ up $5.000.“-

Charles Dickens, English novelist, born this date 1812. Was a newspaperman turned story- teller. His novels and tales of old-time English life and characters are inimitable, Dickens has done more to keep the Christmas spirit alive and active than possibly a-ny other writer. He began the production of The Pickwick Papers, periodi- cal numbers in 1836, and practically the whole of England fell under the sway of Pickwick. This work was followed by Oliver Twist, Nicholas Nickleby, Old Curiosity Shop, Barnaby Rudge, Martin Chuzzlewit, A Christmas Carol, Dam- bv 8. Son, David Copperfield, Bleak House, Tale of Two Cities, Great Expectations, Our Mutual friend, Edwin Drood. He is recognized one of the greatest realists in picturing with in- exhaustible truth and detail, the surroundings and conditions of life in his time, his genius is essentially humorous and fantastic: "The words she spoke of Mrs. Harris, lambs could not forgive . . . nor worms forget."

Cost of living came down a decimal or two lust before the recent by-elections. Now that these are over, there is a swing-back of the pendulum. We will probably have to wait until the approach of the general election before being advised that prices are slumping. Mean- time almost everything that is not controlled shows a tendency to rise. The intelligence of the voter is the basis and the hope of anything calling itself democratic government. And if the votcr is intelligent, he must be capable of realizing that the money which the government may give him in a handout, is, upon examina- tion, very much like the money which the gov- ernment extracted from him as taxes from re- sults of his earnings. More than this, though much is token, little is returned. Crumbs are given in return for the bread taken. Th: rest’

_ mriigwgutixoikiv. cunnwarrirrowu,

iiikocoiiiirc

"""Ken seen ’ ‘N54,,’ . '

081016 THIS CAN 3E REMEDiEDJHE GGERAJMEW HAS WHEKRMJF _ RMER wHEN FAeeo wiTH AN ULTIMATUM. iuE CAM RcFixE T0 HARRY M10 HNE CHILDREN" TflEAl, lillll-i no PoPuiAtioiil, wHEE wiLLTHE 60W. GET TAXES,’

MY COUSIN LOONEY, (HE'S "rue SCHOLARLY rvris), REPUES TO THE HEALTH MINISTER-

"we cmv LIVE TO-DAY AND STAY SAME - THINGS ARE NOT A$ THEY wouco Seem.“

9w: NUT! "vim-v fitirtlsiflS,’

GOVERNMENT is OKAY-DIDN'T THEY SAY Trev gogf H: us, couw HANDLE lT BETTERTHAN 1'0 KNOW 0F uvma HOW ? AND IMA6INE ‘mam ‘TRYWGTO eov AN A-BOMBpR even A JET wmi MY MooEY- 0P, You MIGHT TRY Lil/MIG HIGH o~ A A WAR SPENDING SPREE,?R|DICULOUS// PAIR o: sriurslenaiuc tT Au. is

no sowrion- CosT-or-ovioo is or» m."

WAR Til HEAT

own we have TiiE

coiuscioos ffJLtTiC/All

T. Qloiiiliklll) Alibi-Emile, FRIEND 0F me QILIwS

CAUSE-"MY PLANT is

Ream, 6E one QEAtxR

WORD OF T1151’ POBLICITY- v

MILLIONAIRE M10 CHAMP- ION OF EVERY PRQIITABLE

i-insriix Turziiiliiré 001' DEFENCE sewer... - we'i.i. MAKE A Breeze. mo sewer» ATbM rams.’ FAii/onie HEARS oi= moss rv oesiaov

(mes M0 STATE?’ THE ADDLEBRME 80MB WM. DESTIDY THE who»: wORoO I '

--so WHAT is THERE ro wbitov ABOUT _?

.3 f’ <§PQ Old Charlottetown (And r. r. r.i

LEGISLATIVE TOPICS

lii 13-12 Sir" Henry Vere Huntley was Lieutenant Governor. We have first to notice the incorporation of the Prince Edward Island Steam N:\\'i,'1-'lli'\-'1 Company‘; next the pro- viding of medical attendance for sick emirtmnls. Treasury warrants were pair] off to the amount nf four thousand pounds; the letting of stalls was permitted in 1hr- Chrir- lottntown market house, and the ln- sano asylum and other charities provided for. The fire engine cam- priny and apprentices were again talked about; the circulation of base copper-s lneffectually prohibit- ed. and the admission of barristers amended. Education was again en- oouraged, election laws explained. and commissioners selected to su- perlntend the erection of a Colonial Building.

Iii 1843 the Hlghvi-riys and Statute Labor Acts were consolidated. Per- sons were compelled to serve as constables. Another r-hripter on strong drinks was inditerl. follow- ed liy the diluting subject of pumps and svoils. The revenue was again lncrcnsi-il. the marriage law amend- ed. and the inspection of pickled fish altered. Limits rind rules of jails were continued. hogs at large discontinued. and oysters kept at home.

Al. Georgetown the detention law was related l0 swine, geese and horses, none of which were permit- ted to go at large. Questions were raised of distress for‘ rent. and re- plevin; landlords nnrl wilful ten- unts were provider] with a legal wedge. The Academy ln Charlot- tetown was ngnln marked for im- provement. Married women were mnde canveynncers of their own freehold properly; persons making wills, and intestines. were taken lntn conllderation, and the Common of Georgetown was protected.

I I I

In 1844 same errors in the High- ways and Small Debts Acts were corrected, and the subject of small debts particularly looked into. Re- lief laws far insolvent debtors were passed; rertnln persons disposed ta carry on a fishery were incorporat- ed, and the following subject: were taken particular notice aft-statute labor, accidents by fire. size and quality of fish barrels, weight and Inspection of flsh. the tcvenue. sieam boat company. harbor mea- tors, vexritlous arrests, payment of debts, fire engine companies. Georgetown public wharf, vlclous dogs, lime kilns, merchant seamen. bears and loupcervlers, insane per- sons, sub-collectors of Customl, boundary linen. contravened blee- ttans, public advertisements, bee] and cor] fisheries, horses. hulls and cows, additional term of the Su- preme Court, schools and educa- tion, herring and ulewlvos fisher- ies, entire horses and marina ln- surance.

I I I

The Legislative topics of 1845 were increase of revenue, preven- tion of smuggling. liizht-tiauses. buoys and beacons, hnlllffa, high- ways. rent und replr-vinii, hawker; nnrl pedlare, nick arid indigent emi- grants, convictions before Justice: of the Peace. Treasury notes, the steamboat St. George. statute la- bour, apprentices, boundary llnel.

is lost in the handling which is the cost of liv-

ing. . .

harbor masters and whiirves, titles

mackerel fishery. and the appoint man! of clerks to Justices of fh~ Peace.

The business of the Legislatur- ln 1846 comprised seed and faoil for certain settlers, revenue. dogs.

debts. weights stingy husbands, landlord and ten- ant, apprentices, ball, sales of land sentence of death. boundary lines. apprehension of persons, George- town swine, geese, and horses,

Charlottetown nuisances, weight and quality of bread, meridional line. public Treasury. lnteripurse

with Nova Scotla and New Bruns~ wick. pumps and wells, linrd labor. common assault, strong drink, sea- men. uric] accidents by fire at Georgetown,

1847 opened with n prohibition on the exportation of potatoes; common assaults, arid the revenue. the trade of the British possessions abroad, pumps and wells. Charlotte- town nuisances, trotting hogs. smuggling, education, deodisndii. Treasury warrants. market house, justice, persons killed by accident. and doing away with the oath of abjuratlon heretofore imposed on Roman Catholics.

-Fram “Progress and Prospects of Prince Edward Island," etc.. 186i, by C. Birch Bagster.

Wha-filappened To Flora MacDonald

(Edinburgh Scotsman)

With "Bonnie Prince Charlie" packing cinemas throughout Scat.- lnnd, there ls a new interest being taken ln the Jacobite cause. And the question the film-goers are mostly asking each other, as they leave the theatre, is: "What hap- pened afterwards ta Flora MacDon- ald ?"

Flora MacDonald was 24. two year: younger than the Prince him- self, when she helped Charles Edward Stuart in tile eleape. At the time she was staying with her brother in South Ulst and met the Prince when the ‘was over visiting friends ln Benbecula.

The Ifanoverlan: were C1OI1III ln on him, and Charles‘: position was desperate when, disguising the Prince as Betty Burke, the sewing- mald, Flora took him back with lier lo her parents‘ home tn Skye. whence he escaped lo the mainland and eventuallygo France.

I I I

. The bravery of this young woman personlfle: for u: the courage of thousand: of nameless Highlander: who. at any time during ti]: last desperate months ln hiding, could have denounced Prince Cherie: to the English and claimed the reward of £30,000 offered for tila capture.

A few hour: after her part ln the Prince’: escape was finished. Flora MacDonald we: arrested and. with her faithful Gaelic maid Katie. we: taken to Dunlteffnage Callie for a few days, and then by way of Lelth to lnndon.

She was imprisoned in the Tower for some weeks. but seems to have been well and kindly treated. and we: shortly afterwards removed and officially lodged ln : private home.

At this house she received n visit from Frederick. Prince of Wales. who was curious to meet the "Prg. lender’: deliver-er" and hear her V8fl10h of the affair." Apparently he we: satisfied, for a: he left. he wu: heard to any. "The belt plan. I think. vrlll b: to send the young lady back to tier own country," and

to land, Grand and Petlt Jurorl.

very soon afterward: nu w“

potatoes, stray cattle. militia, small ? and measures. ,

- Notes By

This world can be perfect. There is a cure for every evil from itch l0 warfare if men will develop the brains ta find it. —- Victoria Times.

G-eenluid. which hu been In the new: quite a bit lately, is said to be a heavy drain an Danish taxpayers. Chances are they could sell it. to the United States -— Port Ar-lliur News-Chronicle.

The trend l: steadily toward far less hockey for fun, far more hoc- key _:is a business. In the end, hoc- key itself, as well as a lot of fel- 10\\'s wiiri lave_lo play hockey, will he tlie loser. ~ Snult Ste. llfarle Star. '

The Revenue Department claim! to be unable to find the addresses of some 500.000 persons to whom the refundable savings portion of war-time tux will soon be due. The Department would do better than that if these individuals awed n corresponding amount to the Trea- sury. -— Bruntford Expositor.

Comment. around the country on the request of sports representa- tives for n three-year outlay of $10,- 000,000 tn expand amateur sports facilities seems to be fairly ad- verse. W.- believe sports should be ericwrurziflerl, but it hardly seems that the taxpayer should have to foot lllt‘ hill to this extent. in ad- dilion ta paying the way for most tennis us lie (loos now. Canadians would ho far better off spending $l0.00l1.Utitl for extension of the control rif cancer rind tuberculosis for example. W St. Catluirines Slan- dard.

'.l'lio farmer and the factory work- 1'1‘ won't mix under strite socialism ll(‘(‘lrllS\" their economic setup is di- vr-rgoril. The farmer‘ is a capital- ist or small business man; he is in LJUSIDPSS for himself despite state control of the sale of some of his products. He is an individualist, a (‘Ol1$01‘\'ll1i\[‘, and apparently he is finding liis vvny brick from a tem- pui-nrv hrusli uilh socialism. The (‘iiniiiliriii former with his relatively lllfll" holdings is n different (‘refi- lure from tlir~ small terirint farmer 0f (lrmit Britain. 1f he (lid edge U\’l‘l‘ In tliv CCF nt. one time, ex- pni-iiiiviitriltv. 1N‘ liris now ilriiwri

lirir-lr 'J'lii.s is llllf‘ of tlin facts of iiui- lllli" \\'llii‘ll must ha giving grunt t']'\l'l"(l‘ll ril 111i" moment lathe l".'l(ll"l‘S (if lllt‘ CTKYT". - - “Hamper; 'l‘i'iliurir'.