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THE GUARDIAN

Morning Dolly (Founded in lliii) ‘ Authorised u: Blrnnd (lion Mull, Pool Office i Department, Ottawa. Tho lolund Guardian Publishing Co. Editor and Managing Dina-tor, J. B. Hui-null. Anon-lute Editor, Frank Walker.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink"

ilnsntorri-zrouw. WEDNESDAY. nzo. as. 19.5" iiotos 0f Optimism

A note of optimism was sounded in Ne\v York the other day by the Undersecretary of the U, S. Treasury, Mr. E. H. Foley, who said: “Opportunities for economic advance- ment under the guidance of free enterprise appear greater than ever before in history. In the decade which we are now entering, the new technical developments of the war and postwar years will play an increasingly important part. To those salesmen and manufacturers who can visualize the effect of these developments, and thus keep in ad- vance of their competitors, a promising fu- ture would seem in store."

The same reassuring note was struck in Ybronto last week by the head of a big in- vestment company, who said he was sanguine about business for North America during 1950. and that. neither the United States nor Canada need worry about anything ap- proaching a recession.

Commenting on these statements, the Ottawa Journal says that despite falling off in our exports to Britain (a temporary con- ditionl-Canada is still doing a heavy export business. It stresses as a matter of special importance the tremendous gain in store when the great oil and ore finds of the past two years in Canadacome to effective de- velopment. Few Canadians have yet realiz- ed the magnitude of these discoveries, which will be potent factors in furthering our de- velopment in the near future.

Sooiiig Stars

This little story was told by a clergyman who had seen service as a chaplain in World War I. and who witnessed the entry of Allenby, on foot. into Jerusalem after cap- turing it in December of 1915. It seems that water was a scarce commodity in the campaign and a squad had been told off to dig a well. The digging proceeded at a fair rate considering the temperature. The well had reached a considerable depth when one of the diggers shouted excitedly to his ser- geant that he could see stars. The sergeant thought that the man was getting a bit light headed because the day was bright and hot. He went down into the hole himself, how- ever. and sure enough. looking up he could see stars overhead. The explanation is simple. The stars remain equally bright day or night but fade away relatively to the brightness of the sun. In the darkness of the well the eaves of the soldiers were able to see the stars as‘ readily as though it. were night. The padre was accustomed to hang a moral to the tale but perhaps it speaks for itself.

0n Federal Payroll

The latest. summary of Federal civil ser- vice employment: and payrolls issued by the Ilominion Bureau of Statistics tells a story of ever expanding bureaucratic activities into fields hitherto occupied by private in- d ust ry.

Between 1939 and 1949, the total number of permanent and so-called "non-perman- ent" civil servants increased two and a half limes from 46,106 to 123,924, or by 77.818, as of March 31, 1949. In the same ten year period, wages and salaries of these civil scr- vants increased from $69,621,000 at March 31. 1939 to $262,980,000 at March 31, ‘I949, nn increase of nearly four times. ‘These fig- ures do not. include “casual" employees whose wages and salaries increased from 922.107.606.88 in 1939 to $38,29'_',877.66 as of lvlarch 3i, 11949.

The grand total of all Federal employees’ wages and salaries including permanent. non-permanent. and casual workers there- fore increased between 1939 and 1949 from $91.7'.18,865.33 to 5530127295571.

Nor docs this include, excepting the Wartime Prices and Trade Board, the many hoards. royal and other commissions, and Crown corporations, the personnel of which docs not come within the jurisdiction of ihc Civil Service Act.

That this steady growth is still proceed- ing is evidenced by the figures for the last fiscal year. The number of permanent em- ployees increased by 4,247 to 37,909 at March 31, 1949, as against 33,662 at March 31, 1948. Temporary employees increased by 1,307 to 86,016 at March 31, 1949 com- pared to 84,708 at March 31. 1948.

There is always a turnover of civil scr- vice employees going on but each year the decreases are more than exceeded by rc- piacements. Thus, as of March 31, 1949, the total of 123,924 permanent and non-per- mancntcivll servants represented decreases of 1,998 during the year while increases totalled 7,662, a net increase of 5,554.

Ql>the_ total, 123,924 permanent and non- gt _c_ivil servants. 37.909 or 30.6 get

cent were classified permanent and or 69.4 per cent as non-permanent. The total number employed at departmental headquarters, Ottawa, is 29,172 as against 94,752 employed at other points throughout Canada. These figures are of March 31, 1949.

EDiTORIAL uorrs

Innocents‘ Day. I O O _ 'l'hese are the days when the small fain- l1.\’ With a large turkey is getting just a bit tired of it all. O O I x The cosl-of-living reached an all time high this year but nobody has been heard to complain that it is not worth it. O O O

Both Premier Joncs and Mr. Lester Douglas, l\1.P.. are prominently’ mentioned as prospects for the vacant Queen's Senator- ship.

O O O

Prime Minister St. Latireni deplores the increasing use of the phrase “Central Gov- ernment" but he has vetoed the use of “Dominion", and "Federal" properly means any aspect of a fcrlcral stale. local or na- tional.

O O O

A New Zealand yodeller who took seven years to perfect a technique of yodelling “with five tones all at once" was formcrLv, it seems, a seaman but his captain took ex- ception to the lads noise and imposed sil- ence. Who will maintain that a ship's mas- ter is not greatly privileged? O O O Sydney is in a much worse way clvicly than is generally realized. The city now is without a ntayor. registrar, city clerk, city treasurer and deputy police chief. The clerk is in hospital suffering from a stroke, the treasurer is recovering from a stroke and the deputy police chief died about five weeks ago, . . O O I

Present agricultural price difficulties, the floor price for bacon and necessity of a floor price for eggs and cheese, all dem- onstrate the imperfections of mass buying and selling by governments. The socialists would have it. that such methods do away with tincertalntv but experience indicates othcnvise.

O O O

Ottawa is generally’ regarded as a more or less sedate capital. relatively unmoved by the comings and goings of individuals. The picture must. be corrected in the light of the wild rumor orgy started merely by can- cellation of a scheduled appearance by the Prime Minister at a newshoys’ Christmas party. O O O

Rob Roy (Robert. McGregoi-l. the Scot- tish Robinhood, died this date 1734. He was outlawed through penal acts in 1691, and pressed for debt. by the Duke of Mont- rose. he organized a notorious band of cat- tie-raiders; was captured and submitted to lawful authority, was imprisoned in 1722, and pardoned five years later. He settled at. Balquhedder, Pcrthshire. whcre he lived to a green-old age. Sir Walter Scott; chose him as the hero of his novel "Rob Roy.“

O I O

Mr. H. H. Hatfield. Progressive Conser- vative M. P. for Victoria-Carleton, had been assured in a letter from Rt. l-lon. .1. G. Gardiner, Federal Minister of Agriculture, that. retesting of New Brunswick cattle for bovine tuberculosis would begin early in 1950. Mr. Hatfield said Mi". Gardiner told him the New Brunswick tests would begin as soon as similar tests now laeing carried out. in Prince Edward Island are completed. O O I

The speaker of Britain's llousc of Com- mons, Colonel Douglas Clifton Brown, Mem- ber of Parliament, recently unveiled at the Palace of Westminster a Book of Remem- brance recording names oi‘ members and servants of House of Commons and their sons and daughters who lost their lives in the war. ‘Fwcnty-iwo wartime members of Parliament: are thus irommcmoratcd. An- other part. of the memorial scheme will be a new stained glass window in Westminster l-Iall, replacing the one at. the south end which was shattered by an enemy bomb.

O O O

The Dominion Government appears to be concerned more about following the line of least resistance than with any consistent policy in the matter of farm price supports. According to a Canadian Press despatcli, the Cabinet is "not completely in favor of price support for cheese and bacon", not because of the amount of money involved or appar- ently because of the need for such support, but because “it would leave the Cabinet wide opcn for price-support requests for other products," notably potatoes. If bacon and cheese supports were approved, "it would be difficult to turn down the potato producers." This is a poor way of meet- ing emergencies, and may account in no small measure for the predicament our farm exporters are in at the present time.

- ﬁ

86,015

THE GUARDIAN. CHARLOTTETOWN

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A MEMB€R OFQUEEWS FHJERATION OFAGRICULTUP-E HAS SU66EST€D TJiAT THE PRESENCE OF WOMEN IN Ti-lE ORMNIZATION $TIVFLE§ FREE EXPRESSION AMONG THE MEN-

AMENDING "rue CONSTITUTION ALLOWING MAL€ MEMBERS, WHEN DAuoEkousLY HEATED, "ro RAiSG "runes FINGERS AND BE EXCUSED Balm-Y Faoivmie ROOM MAY as IN 01pm,

The Stalin Myth

1n llie frenzied celebration of liiarshal Stalin's scventieth birth- day the Communist party of Rus- sia is completing the age-old cycle of all dictatarships-the transfor- mation of a man into a myth. Like Alexander in an Egyptian temple. like the latcr emperors of Rome, like llitlcr nn his Viking pyre. Stalin is becoming a god.

But since Communism denies all gods and rejects the super- natural, this latest repetition of an historical necessity poses some difficulties. Communism is creat- ing its great myth but cannot de- cide precisely what it. wishes to create. 1s the apotheosls of Stalin to be a social revolutionary, a sol- dier, an economist or. in mere imi- tation of the czars, the kindly fath- er of his people? On his birthday the myth is si‘i11.bl\.irred.

For tho moment Stalin is rep- resented as s combination of all the virtues, violent and peaceful. He. is the supreme revolutionary who brought Lenin to power and outdid the master in building the classless society. H» is the su~ prenu- soldier who won the second World War, with minor help from the tottering capitalist powers. He is the supreme economist who. single-handed, solved the social riddle of the ages (providing a standard of living lower than that of any major capitalist country). And, in his later years he has be- come the Little Fathen-simple. domesticated, nvcrbrimming with the milk of human kindness-in the fashion of every rzar before him.

No single man can carry such a diverse load of myth. ln the end the god must take on a clear- er outline to Serve his purpose, which is to establish the legiti- macy and permanence of the Com- munist system.

There can be no such clarity on this birthday lac-cause there is no clarity in Stalin's own public pol- icy. It is a confusion compound- r-d of aggression and gestures of peace, of Communism based on the most privileged class of modern times. of studied icrror with in- tcrrupiions of izenialitv, of outright materialism mixed with the an- cient superstition of Holy Russia. While this confusion is deliber- ately maintained in public to baf- fle and undermine the outside world, a blurred myth must serve temporarily in disguise the true historical ﬁKUTﬂ who. in fact. is the reincarnation nf countless con- querors n-ioving out of the east against the west.

As gunman nf the rtvolution. as political manipulator who suc- ceeded Lenin against Lenin's will. as liquidator of Trotsky, as man- ager of 11w largest military opera- tions ln history, as caucus boss of the Politburo. as thr- devious inter- national nngolintnr of Tcheron. Yalts and Potsdam. as author of the cold war, Stalin has lived seventy years and crammed into them as much. perhaps. ns any man in historyr-a figure who will be remembered so long as history ls written.

Yet in n11 this time hr- has main- taincd an inner mystery beside which his most. recent counter- parts, Napoleon and Hitler. are open hooks, legible in all langu- ngcs. 1n nmking himself all things io all men he hrois no rival.

I O

Trotsky saw in him a primitive peasant who fled from the high councils of the revolution to smoke his pipe in lllP Kremlin kitchens. Harry Hopkins fauﬂ him a congenial bourgeois poli- ticlan unricr Communist trim- mings. To the younncr Churchill hr- was a bloody tyrant, to the Churchill nf the war years a mighty general and i0 the aged Churchill n second Terrible Ivan. more dangcrous than the first. And Roosevelt. who hiid charmed and tamed the politicians of the democratic world, imagined at. Yriitn that he could molt. the steel of Stalin‘ lnin the agreeable wax figuri- of Uncle Joe.

Stalin fooled all foreigners with his quick changes of disguise. He seems to have fooled iils intimates as well as those who could not be fooled were liquidated. Tu the ordinary Russian he remains, as h:- wills ii. tho grunt. enigma.

‘Though lu- hiis duplicated, with unique success. the methods of-sli the larger dictatorship: and made himself supreme by the art. of mystery. Stalin cannot live to one the finsi success or failure of his work. Llki- all revolutionary dic- tutors hP lilll substituted s person for the institutions of the state.

The test. of his revolution is not Stalin alive but Stalin dead. Hence the historical necessity of the Sla- lin myth-ii body of ideas, aspira- tions and passions-strong nnough in themselves to lupport Stalin's successors when the magic of his physical press-roe. hrs been loot.

On the rock of this dilemma all‘ th» great dictatorship: have in- variab‘v laundered in the end. A

A lplrituniist uyo he has made contact with the spirit oif Hitler. That shouldn't be too difficult in Germany’ these days. -- London Free Press.

Invention of on astounding new metal — cast iron that bends - wtrich can be manufactured econ- omically and is several times as strong as ordinary cast iron, was disclosed at the annual meeting of the Gray Iron Founders’ Society at Chicago. Unlike ordinary cast iron, iihe new miracle material is not brittle but can be bent or twisted. -- Sydney Post-Record.

lt is wrong that taxes which sp- ply generally should be so com- plex that a taxpayer of common intelligence cannot understand them. Our income tax system 1:: cruelly complicated. and taxpay- ers who do not want or canno: afford expert advice in making up their returns are quite likely ii find themselves in unforeseen and expensive trouble. Such plication adds a new and painful twist to the milking which tax- payers now have to cndurc. l.f l tax regulation is too complicated for Mr. Abbott it is ton com- plicated in go on the slalttile books. -—Pel.erborough Examiner.

The moncnolaiure of courts in t-his country has always been rather awkward. At the prcscni time seven of the provinces have “supreme courts". the exceptions being Quebec, Saskatchewan and Manitoba. where other titles arc in use. This is a libtle confusing, especially whcrc. as in Albcrta. the provincial courts arc divided into “supremo court, trial divis- ion" and "supreme court. ap- pellate division." The average layman has quite a bit of trouble getting these tongue-twisting titles

court really is “supreme? Alter- native titles are not hard to sug- gest for the provincial tribunals. For the appella-te branch the sim- ple designation “court of appeal" —-ali'cady in use m two provinces —_seems ‘best. As lor the trial s64‘.- lmn. which goes on circuit tihrougi its province and actually tries im- portant civil and criminal cans. several names are available _. circuit COLIFLIHSSIZC court. high court, or as in Saskatchewan and nn institutions, law; and fglkwﬂyk It cannot be based on personalities because their life is tog short, Alexander could proclaim himself n god in the dcscri but his empiri- fell to pieces instantly m, his death. The pcaccfill age of Au. gustus ended with its master. The hordes of Gcngltis Khan were sucked back to Asia in disorder when their lrndcr died. Hitler's Germany dissolved in chaos when its single unifying force, the Fllﬁli- rer. shot himself in his bunker and ordered his hodv burned as the final nrt nf Hie heroic myth. Can Stalin's system survive such perils?

On his hlflhdll)‘ Stalin is inter. csting enough ns llte most powpr. fui single man of his century, Ho is more interesting ns the centre of the latest. experiment. in dic- tatorship and mythology. Amid the well-organized hysteria of this birthday celebration the real Stu. iin, the man behind the grey mask, must be nskini: himself it‘ tho experiment will succeed. Mor- tality denies hlm an answer.

Slfilghl. and figuring out which-

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- Notes By‘ The Way -

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Manitoba. Court of King's Bench. But perliapd the most satisfactory is the title used in Quebec - superior court. District court. superior court, court of appeal. Supreme Court. of Canada —- that makes a good "ladder," easy for anyone to remember and under- stand st a glance. — Edmonton Journal.

The Ago-Bid Story

9

, pm- "B, u, um circumcision which worship God in the Spirit, and rejoice In Christ; Jesus.

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SONG The lark now lesvu his watery nest. And ciuribing shaken his, dewy “WEBB. ‘ l-lo takes this window for the 13st, And in lmplOre your light, he sings-- Awake. awake! the morn will never T158 T111 he can dress her beaut/y at your eyw-s.

The merchant bows unto the seas man's star,

The plough-man from the sun his season takes:

But stul the lover wonders wihat

_ they are

Who look for day before his mis- tress wakes:

Awake, Awake! break through your veils of lawn!

Then draw your curtains, and be- gin the dawn!

-—Sir William Davenant. (1806-68).

Old Charlottetown (All P. K I)

—-__

HOPE MILLS

Advertisement appearing in the Royal Gazette. Oct 8. 1833:

"WILLIAM RENNELS hereby in- forms the Inhabitants of Prince Edward island that he has erected a Fulllng, Dressing. Dying, Press- ing and general Woollen Estab- llflhmcnl. under the name orf Hope Mills, at the Eight Mile Stream. Princetdwn Road. where he hopes lo conduct the business after the present system of manufacturing fine and second cloths in Great Britain. The practice acquired by W. R. leaves him not the slightest doubt but that every satisfaction will be manifested by those who may be pleased in favor him with a trial of this Winter's clothing. Prices as followsf

"Fulling homespun. 4d. per yd; fulling and dying homespun brown. 8d; fuiling and dying homespun ‘blue. 1041.; fulliniz and dressing dyed homespun, 12d; fulling and dressing ‘blsnkevtlng, 4d,; fulling and dressing ﬂannel, 4d.; washing and scouring blankets, 4d. each.

"For the convenience 0d per- sons sltuated at. s distance from

_.

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51:. ~ Many will be oiuvprised “when they realize that the Mari- time Provinces plant yearly suoh a very heavy percentage of all the certified seed potatoes grown in Canada. 1 will tabulate the re- cords for i920, 1940, and 1948. in 1920 P.E.I. planted 8B6 acres, Nova Scotll 379, New Brunswick 1,413. amounting to 2,679 acres, with all of Canada planting in 1920 a total of 7.613 acres. in 1940 P. E. 1. planted 24,114 acres, Nova Scotia 1.494, New Brunswick 16,183, or a total in the Maritimes of 41,791 acres out of a total all over Can- ada of only 46,111. In 1948 P.E.I. planted 38,743 acres, Nova Scoiia 1.376, New Brunswick 20,749, a total of 60,867 acres, when the grand total for Canada in 1948 was only 70,561.

When they talk about s surplus of potatoes in Canada, in my op- inion tbey should segregate seed from iaible stock; but this is im- possible for Ottawa to consider because we in the Mariitimes are up to all ifhe cuts tricks in tihe potato game and are running the business by our own methods in- dividually. It is about time W0 realized that the future of the seed potato industry is our prob- lam to straighten out. It is not closely connected with either n shortage or a surplus of table stock potatoes in Canada or the United States.

We have the soil; we have the advantage of being able to ship by water; we have the cxpcricrwcd and conscientious grower who l5 depending on us. and Just because we are fighting uiith each other trying to sell a great quantity of potatoes by cutting pricu we con- sider ourselves smart operators.

In my opinion we need to form a Maritime Amociotlon for the seed industry of those actively engaged in selling seed and if we got. to know each ohher better. to work with each other, it would not be a difficult task to have the present low price on seed ad- vanced s dollar a bag._

l am sure tha_t the three Mari- time Departments of Agriculture would support such on organization and that at Ottawa they would be overjoyed because the Department at Ottawa could look back over similar problems of marketing that improved when those actively sn- gaged stopped passing the buck and looking for financial assistance from the Federal Department. and I refer to the follow-lug:

Twenty-five years ago last month a small number of whole- sale fruit ipeople from different parts of Canada met in Montreal. Their big problem was duty on imported fruits and vegetables from the States which was chiefly. in those days. on a percentage basis. There were those in Can- ada importing whose invoices did not oheclc with a fair market value. Nothing could be done by the De- partment: the competition was very unfair, and an association was formed in Eastern Canada which later on became affiliated with an association in Western Canada. and all their problems in respect to duty on imports ‘were soon straightened out when the dealers themselves were united together and made recommendations to Ot- tawa through their secretary. That association is known as the (‘an- ada Fruit and Vegetable Jobbers Amociation.

In September, 1943. nrfter eight delegations from New Brunswick. Nova Scotia and Prince Edward island at different times ‘went. to Ottawa to have the ceiling on seed Potatoes raised, as it was con- sidered too low. one individual from the Maritlmes obtained the necesarv crﬂentials. took just. n few with him. presented the case. bringing the three Maritime Prn- vinces together on it, and iiho

» Public Forum

SEED POTATO SITUATION IN TH! MAIJTIMII

price wu advanced

era o! o cent a pound on

and a quarter cent; g mum

foundation A and foundation

This would never have

Fompllﬂhed by each Provinos

1:1; sizkporatmly for 90m _ en ree aritirne Pr '

to be brought togethermcu

Two years later the bl shcd at Charlottetown was m‘ to put potatoes in. One indivi was selected backed up by different dealers and m, vincial Government to Present case ai_Oi.lawa; picture. taken and that individual successful in having the won; immediately, and frostiproog g ' ties were made available: also. lights in the shed which obsolete were removed and g l system put in.

On the 19th of May, 194g individual called a meeting d dealers on P. E. 1., urging m”. band together u an nsocigﬂ hoping to secure at least 755 ‘ the shippers and Appoint one

son to account-for the ‘T51, securing an ample supply o1 way cars to ship the Islmd toes. A suitable manager wu gaged, and we are all swore of splendid success of that orga lion. Later on by being unitm standard crest bog was ado; for all the seed potatoes in Province and when an emer arossreigardmg new regulation shipping potatoes into the U States this association, which now affiliated with the P; rial Department of A571 did a splendid job of advertigi

There are many other ins that could be referred to. the fruit growers in c; The! had a problem. Th of dealers were cutting p Th"! banded together. formed central selling organiution the husln has been pmﬂ and most important the knows that when u prleg 1; ou-t his competitor. when” i111?! one car or a hundred pays the same price. With present price cutting that the buyers are afraid to buy time seed potatoes today someone will undoubtedly has lower price tomorrow. C this with what lies alheod of no 11h" spring. We s11 know that fertilizer iprice l5 set. and Everybody is then anxious to they know they are p) tected.

We speak of how uni-tug have been. We have lonown in past svfhere dealers. tw-o or would attempt to mon things and publish in the that there are only two or hundred curl 1m. when u‘ time they had clone to o cars. We know this ifsll win large dealer. disappointed in. having his usual connection: from him, went to the mat Press and put out u lot of fl stating (that there wu l ert shortage of potatoes in Un States and Canada and lie would be extremely high.

It was the small grower accepted this statement and has the potatoes and must same at today's price, about half the price at the time article was published. I am nu that we actively engaged sou adopt o more honorable way doing business by getting toge that it would be I mlvatlon both large and small growers if any person in the Mn would like to get further ‘do! from me on this l would be m; to have them 'ca1l me bet‘!!! the hours 9 to l2. 1.90 to 5. lottetown time, on long dl telephone 1710. ll we do Mid something about it, we are n1 true Canadians.

‘l am. Sir. etc.

THANK s. CLARE!

the above Establishment. iihe fol- lmvini! agents are appointed to collect. and deliver ‘Uhc cloth, vi1..:' Mr. George Aitkcn, Three Rivers; Mr. Peter McCallum, SL. Pctcfs; Mr. Thon Thomas. sen. Trvon: Mr. William Compton, Si. Eleanor}; Mr. James Sinclair. Malpcquc; Mr. James Pidgeon. New London; Mr. William Glover, Five Lanes End. Princetown Road. Mcrchaniablc grain will be received by them in payment. at the following prices: Wheat, 5s. 8d —- Barley, 3s -—- Oats. ls. 6d. per bushel.

"NB. Wanted. a Journeywnan Dyer and Fuller alt the Establish- mcnl."

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ERNEST B. RAMSAY. 1Z9 Elm Ava. Phone 1008.!

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