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ad
Se gernnpgremecngepeyras nea _—_ . - « MONDAY, Jo6m 20. Lowe — THE DAILY E INGER, 9 “ey a : Se ee el ge ay test horings along the | LUM ee. =R f A EP PIERRE ITS EAE I ry ewe:
DAILY EXAMINER. “Tue Proposed Tanne
THE
Tae report of Sir Douglas Fox and the correspondence of Mr. Francis Bain, pub-
lished by THe ExaMinsr, give the public a precise knowledge of the position in which this important matter now a. If anything more be needed, it 1s conta:nes in the following lengthy quotation from 4 letter lately written by Senator Howlan “J left Halifax in the Allan stesmer Car- thaginian for Liverpool, via Newfoundland, on the 4th of April last, touching at Moville in Ireland, and arrived at ee on Thurs- ( orning, the 16th April. “ I wired Sir Douglas Fox from Moville that | would be in London on Thursday evening at the Metropole Hotel, Northumberland Avenue, and was desirous of seeing him at the very earliest moment ou the subject of my visi? “On my arrival at London at 2.15 p. m, received a note from him at my hotel asking me to call at his office the next day, Friday, at eleven o'clock, which I did, and arranged for a meeting at his office on Monday the 20th, at ll o'clock. On Monday we went over the matter together very fully, in the forenoon, drawing up 4 memorandum for general re ference and further discussion of the different
points. We met again on Tuesday and from day to day until Mondav, the 4th May. We had also the benetit of the advice of Sir
Charles Metcalfe, ©. E., Francis Fox, Cs. Chief Engineer of the Mersey Tunnel, Mr. Pearson, of Messrs. Pearson and Sous, con- tractora for the Hudson River tunnel; Mr, Squiers, C. E. of the Severn tunnel, and MM:
Palmer, C. £. of the Queensland Railways.
“Sir Douglas Fox also held consultations with Sir Beujamio Baker, ©. E. and with Mr. Greathead, C. E., the builder of the Borough and Southwark subway under the Thames.
“‘] visited this subway with Mr. Paliner, and thoroughly examined its system of motive p wer (eleetric)and mode of ventilation, by fans.
“After a very full investigation of all the points connected with the Northumberland Straits tunnel, Sir Douglas Fox prepared a report to the Hon. Mr. Foster, the Minister of Finance, a copy of which has been furnish- ed me and which is appended hereto marked “<4.”
“} was anxious that the Messrs. Pearson aod Sons should make an ofier to peform the workfor @lump sum per year payable by a subvention for a period of years, no money to be paid until the contract was finished and the cars running through the tunnel to the satisfretlon of the Chief Englnear of Cana- dian Government Railways. We had several interviews and some cor:espondence (which terminated in the letter annexed marked ‘B.”
You willobserve that Sir Douglas Fox recommends that trial borings should be made at intervals across the Strait down to ‘bed rock’ of carboniferous sandstone and also that a trial shaft should be sunk on the [sland side, which would be bricked up and form part of the permanent work. Messrs Pear. son, you will notice, suggest the same thing This is done with a view of affording all neces- sary information to intending contractors, and is, as I was informed, the custom pur- sued in England in letting public works.
“‘Mr Pearson is of opinion, as will appear by his letter, t the money could be much more cheaply obtained by the (Ciovernment than by any contractor.
**One most important fact has been demon- strated by the investigation, namely, that the red clay shale will make brick entirely free from lime, fit to be Jaid in cement, thus atiord- ing to our own people a large amount of profit able labor, as iron would thereby be very largely superseded. This discevery increases in importance when it is learned that there are only two places in the British Isles where clay cau be found to make brick free from lime. | am in hopes that this fact being established may lead to the ioundation of au important industry outside of the valuable aid »t will be to usin the construction of the tunnel.
You will observe in the annexed report of Sir Vouglas Fox, that he gives an estimate for three sizes of tunnel. 1 would respectfully suggest that,as a preliminary step,the Domin- ion Government be requested to make the necessary trial borings, build the shai: on the leland side, and then cail for tenders for each sized tunnel, leaving the question, which shall be adopted, to he decided after mature consideration. My reasons for making this suggestion are three-fold :—
Virst,—The cost of building tunnels is cheapening every day. I have been informed on good authority that the St. Clair Tunnel could now be built in one-half the time and for one-half the money.
Secoud,—The red clay shale through which our tunnel would pass is very different from the material through which all other tuunels have been built ; not being difficult to work and at the same time impervious to water, it offers to coutractors a comparatively safe and easy contract.
Third, Sir Douglas Fox, in his estimates for public works, bears the reputation of provid- ug very largely for all apparent as well as un- foreseen contingencies.”
We hope that the Government and people of this Province, as well as the maritime members of parliament, will
second Senator Howlan’s efforts to obtain from the Dominion authorities an order for the boring, etc., as suggested. Should it he absolutely proved—we have no doubt that it can be so proved—that Mr. Buain’s statements are correct and true concerning the atratum which the tunael will pierce, the tendency of the information will be to induce @ company to undertake the work at less cost than if the fact were left in doubt. The proposed work would be considered a great one in any country, We cannat therefore blame the authorities for hesitating to undertake it while there remains a risk that the cost will be en- hanced by reason of leakage. Settle this point to the satisfaction of all concerned, and there ought to be little further ques- tion aboutthe matter. We have the as- surance of the greatest of living engineers that the project is feasible; we have the contract of the Dominion Government to provide ** continuous communication” be- tween this Provinceand the Mainland ** win- ter and summer;” we have the estimate of Sir Douglas Fox that this contract can be fulfilled —even with the question of leakage still in eome doubt—on payment of a sum which, for the Dominion of Canada, is not uoress nable ; we know that the cost of building tunnels is cheapening, and that all doubt concerning leakage being removed the cost of building the Northumberland Straits Tunnel will probably fall consider- sbly short of the estimate. Knowing all this, it is but reasonable to ask that borings being made and ashaft sunk. The cost of boring and sinking the shaft will be com. paratively trifling. Having done so much and being so fortunate in every particular, it will be folly to let the matter stand where ut is. Let us, therefore, assist Senator Howlan by every means within our power in his effort to induce the authorities to take the next step forward,
THE TUNNEL
OUAY POR THE BRICKS
—
Geological Features Dis cussed,
Reports by the Geologist, Mr. Francis Bain.
The North River, P. F. I December ih,
W. LlowLan, Charlottetown.
1890.
Hon. G
Dear SIR: ee Referring to the several samples of brick clay which you have placed in my hands for examiuation as to their freedom from hime, [ heg to report as follows : j No. 1 is the clay from Carditl s brick- yard, Charlottetown harbor. The sample examined by me was free from lime, show- ine no trace When subjected to hydroclorie acid under water. The bricks manufactured from it show no stains of lime under a good magnifier. No. 2
2 ig clay from Hughes’ brickyard, Tigaish,
The sample examined showed
scarcely a trace of lime. It makes good, firm bricks. No. 3 is clay from Hall Pond. — It oc-
curs in large deposits, but is only suitable for general purposes.
No. 4 is brick made at Hurd's Point, Bedeque. It shows avery small trace of lime. ;
The other clays examined I think not sufliciently clear of lime to be considered here.
No. lclay. The clay No. 1 seems the most suitable from which to manufacture bricks for atunnel. Bricks made from it are here laid in cement for tanks, and ex- perience shows them to be very suitable.
Specimens of those bricks have been sub- jected to the action of salt water for fifty years, and have remained intact.
The deposits of this clay seem to be of sufficient extent to make avery large amount of bricks.
No. 5. The shale across the Straits. I have examined also a specimen of the shale which is shown on my Geological Map of the Straits of Northumberland, and I am of the opinion whilst it would be a good brick for ordinary work, it is not sufficiently free from lime for tunnel work.
In conclusion, I beg to say that in my opinion good hard-burned bricks could be delivered at either Cape Jourmain on the New Brunswick side, or Carleton Head on the Prince Edward Island side of the Straits of Northumberland, at and after the rate of from eight to ten dollars per thousand.
] am, Sir, Yours respectfully, (Sgd.) Francis Bain,
North River, P. E. I. December [8:h, 1899, To How. Gro. W. Howtan, Senator of Canada.
Sir,—
In submitting to you the saceompanying approximate section of the strata under- lying the Strait of Northumberland, be- tween Carleton Point aud Cape Jourmain, on the line of the prop:sed tunnel, [ think it proper to give the following explanation of the data on which | based the conelusions therein expressed.
First. We know from a careful study of the exposures on either side of the strait that the strata in question belong to the lower half of the Permian formation.
Second. We learn from its exposure by various upheavals on the borders of the strait what the nature of this group of strata is. At Rice Point, for example, (see accempanying section No. 2) its beds are thrown up by a transerval, and we have ex- posed on the sea worn coastline a beautiful section of them which we can examine in detail, as we pass along the shore.
Here they seem to consist largely of red clay shale, and in every other instance when we find the same group of strata ex- posed it bears the same general character. This isthe case ia Hillsborough Bay in Bedeque and Malpeque Bays, and on the western shore of the Island, so that we may conclude the lower Permian beds, be- tween Capes Traverze and Tormentine con- sist largely of shales and shaley beds,
Third—Our examination of the exposures about the Capes proves this conclusion to be correct. The lowest bed of the series, cropping out in the marsh inside of Jour- main (sland, is a large shale bedj associated with some soft brown sandstone. This bed reposes on the millstone grit. Un the top of this shale are five or six feet of red sandstone, seen on the outside of Jourmain Island. This is followed by another exten- sive bed of shale exposed on the beach at low tide, and for more than a mile gut of this clay bottom prevails, Then comes a reef of rock making an elevation in the pro- file of the bottom of the Strait (See A sec- tion, No.1) This reef is produced by a well-known crown and grey sandstone band occurring in this part of the forma- tion, the same that produces St, Peter’s Island reef. Succeeding this. going north- ward, is another great shale bed whose easy denudation has made the deepest soundings in the Strait. (B, Section 1.) Near the Prince Edward Island coast the sandstone come in with the shales, but that the latter still greatly prodominate is evi- dent from the deep soundings, six fathoms well into Carleton Point.
The strata between the capes repose on 4 very undisturbed position, being out of the line of the great anticlinals of the Gulf.
They have, however, a gentle inclination towards the centre of the Gulf basin giv- ing them adipof 1° E.N. E. This un- disturbed condition and small inclination of the beds makes them very favorable for tunnelling, as the excavation would the t sh ; oe
great shale bed on Jourmsin Island and be able to follow then a long way with little cutting acrogs the strata. I must gay however, that the section given is but . rough outline of the general features of the formation ‘under the Strait. In order to give a detailed and accurate account of the
; and extensively the sections
» One would need to examine carefully
: al t : ders of the Strait and sathaly Chane tk:
line of the proposed tunnel. Most respectiully yours,
(Sgd) Francis Bain, |
North River, March 14th, 1891. |
Hon. SunatToR HOwLan :
Sir, — >
| In reference to an extract from com: |
a
| munication of Sir Douglas Fox, which you |
kindly showed me, I beg to state that the cross section of the Straits referred LO, ViZ:. that sent to Sir Douglas last November, |
}was drawn on 4 scale which represented
the vertical depth proportionally thirteen) times gieator than the horizontal extension. | This represented the beds with a ip thir- | teen timesgreater than they act ually possess, |
The real dip of the beds is very sinall, | being abut 60 feet to the mile on the aver- | age.
This small dip also is not quite regular, being greater on the Cape J. mam side | aud less on the Prince Edward Island side.
so far as I can ascertain, there are no abrupt tlexures or upbreaks of the strata, Lut they lie undisturbed on the slightly | inclined ancient carboniferous flow of the; Gulf. This flow has been broken up by
in other parts of the basin, thus relieving the strain on the beds and leaving the strata undisturbed at the Capes.
I now send you Sheet No. 2 with a section (Fig. 1), in which the beds are represented on a natural scale, It has the advantage of | presenting that nearly horizontal position at | once to the eye.
la this section, as in the former, there appears ‘several well defined beds of sand. | store.” To these Sir Douglas Fox refers in particular, ‘The most eee of these arej No. 2 and the sandstone bands in No. 4 (see | figs. 1 and 2, sheet 2
No. 2 represented as being 50 feet sand- stone. In reality it consists of irregular
deposits of brown and red sandstone, and red | shale, with some calcareous beds. We fiad it appearing in several wilely separated localities, but it is irregular and not con- | tinuous.
The upper sandstone bands in No, 4 are probably as well defined as any other sand- stone in the whole series.
They bear the same characteristics ae the sandstone beds of No. 5. We have these last well exposed in the shore section at Cape Traverse. In figure 3, I have given a section of the upper half of No. 5 as it appears ia following its strike caretully for 3 miles. Ju that distance the sandstone is changed three | times into extensive deposits of shale. The same is probably the case with the sandstone bands of No, 4.
In fig. 4 I have given a section of part of the calcareous band in No. 5. This shows) its irregular and complex structure.
Indeed the minor bauds of this series have , no sort of continuity. The great shale beds | are persistent and uuiform, but the’ small arenacions or caleareous deposits | which occur in them are local, lenticular and discontinuous, and not likely to form sends | for water. The great shale beds No. | and 3 are found continnously over an extent ot more than 100 miles, along the basin of the strait, and compose the great bulk of the | mass of the strata of the lower Pernian. | They are much move extensively developed | fifty miles to the eastward than they are at the capes crossing. These slisles are impermi- able to water. ‘Their surface always affords the water beds of the system on which the underground drainage accumulates until it | tinds an outlet. Bed No, 1 was te pene- trated by a wellon Jourimain Island. A small quantity of water Jay on the top of it, atiording a weak spring, but not a drop occurred in its mass for the depth of 36 feet, which it was penetrated, and in well digging ‘this is always found to be the case when these shales are penetrated,
The Carboniferous base of sandstone wiil probably form « dangerous source of water and it should be aveided, bat as already re- marked it dees not break up under the bed of the strait here.
It is my duty to state, that, though con- vineed of the accuracy of what I now present amore minute and detailed geological in- vestigation should be made before active engineering operations are begun.
I have the honor to be, Sir, Your obedient servant, (Sd.) Francs —_——_—_———_— 4+ eo —__-——_————-
Will sell at a bargain 30 unmade cos- tumes, all new and fashionale.—Perkins & Sterns. j18 3i eod
TROTTING RACES
ee eee = ee
ZAIN,
se ie alle Little River, Lot 56, io ns encpesied
SATURDAY,
1Sth BAY OF JULY,
When a Purse of SIXTY DOLLARS will be given to the following Classes :
THREE MINUTE CLASS, $24—$10 to first, $8 to second, $6 to third.
GREEN RACE, $18—$8 to first, $6 to second, $4 to third,
_ THREE-YEAR-OLD RACE, $18—$8 to first, $6 to second, $4 to third, In addition to the above, a prizs will be
iven to a Two-Year-Old Class, shoul there
enough to enter.
Entrance fee, 10 per cent. of purse. Five to enter and three or more to start,
There will be a well-stocked Saloon on the ground, but no intoxicating liquors will be sold, and anyone who will sell aby on that day near the Gon will be watched and punished according te law.
Horsemen are invited to attend and have a good day’s fun.
SAMUEL McPHERSON, Little River, June 22, 1891—dy wy
Muriatic Acid. 10 vrata eg HORACE HASZARD.
Oiled Clothing.
5 DOZEN SUITS Carter’s Best Ameri-
Can,
HORACE HASZARD.
Grain & Potato Sacks, 5,000 SACKS, large and small sizes.
HORACE HASZARD.
'T
|
WO CARGOES ON HAND and others to arrive. For ssle cheap in lots.
E. H. NORTON & CO.
CIGARS.
1 ~~ O00 ON HAND), the best value in v, only.
the market. for. the trade
i i
E. H. NORTON & CO.
a ee
K are receiviog a large new siock of the ‘ Jewel” Ranges and *‘ Home Jewel” Stoves, the best manniactured, kb. H. NORTON & CO, ju22—I1w eod Agents.
SUGAR.
ee
The Nova Scotia Sugar Refigery, Le.
HALIFAX, N. S.
ee
NTIL such time as the Sugar Duty ques- tion is settled, I am prepared to supp'y the trade ia small quantities as required trom warehouse at Refinery prices. HORACE HASZARD, Agent.
Charlottetown, June 22, 1891—2:
City Schools.
'fEYHE PUBLIC EXAMINATIONS of the
City Schuols will take place as follows: WEST KENT STREET SCHOOL—Wed- nesday, June 24th.
PRINCE STREET June 25th, QUEEN SQUARE SCHOOL—Fiiday, June
26th,
SCHOOL—Thursday,
Examinations commence at 10 o’clock, a. m, Pupils assemble ia the Hall of each School at }2 o'clock.
The public are respectfully invited.
B. BALDERSTON, Seeretary of Board.
june22—dy 2i
|
6s
DYSPEPTICURE”
S indeed a “‘ Wondrous Remedy.” It acts
like magic ion all STOMACH troubles,
Thousands upon thonsanda are sounding its praises all over Canada. La—jn22
BOSTON STEAMERS, EGG SHIPPERS
ILL please note that there will be a
WEEKLY BOAT for remainder of
the Season, leaving Charlottetown every THURSDAY EVENING, at Six o’clock.
CARVELL BROS., Agents.
TRA ANS FANSY S408
——IN THE——
MARKET HALL,
——ON THE——
24th and 25th of June.
TEA AND FANCY SALE will be held
in the Market Hall on the 24th and 25th of June, for the benefit of Notre Dame Convent.
The ladies in charge of the tables intend to leave nothing undone tg mike it the most successful and enjoyable attair of the season,
Tea on the tables from 5.30 p.m. Entrance 10 cents; Tea, 23 cents,
Strawberries, Ice Cream and Refreshments at any hour during the afternoon and evening.
Special fares from all stations along the line of railway and on the steamer from Pictou, June 10 a
FOR SALE.
I WILL sell at Public Auctiva, at the Clif. ton Wharf, New London, on SATUR. DAY, 27th day of June, at 2 o'clock, Pp. m. :~.
ju20—pat gua 2i
I2 Tens Register.
Further particulars can be obtai vy tending purchasers from the cadboclotn? Be Terms easy and made known at sale, REUBEN TUP LIN, Kensington, June 22, 1S91-—dy li spat
Charlottetown Athletic Asso- ciation Classes.
ADIES’.—Tuesdays, Thursdays i L days, from 1) until 12 o' cheek, saat '
BOYS’.— i _ Every day, from 4.30. until 5,30
MENS’.—Tuesdays, Thursda
—_ — — until 7.20a, = ays ursdays, Friday
from 8.30 until 10 p.m.
The Gymnasium will be o i bers from 6 a. m. until 1030 pt? fren 10a m. until 12, noon, to Ladies only ' Boys’ tickets not good after 6 p, m.
Tickets may be obtained Admission by ticket only.
aml Satur. aud Tues. Saturdays,
from the Seeretary,
Charlottetown, June 22, 1891—3i eod
H. D. JOHNSON, M. D,,
ju20—tf Secretary C. A. a yA.
The Schooner “Golden Ball,”
T COM
ra
yeeum, Monday, 22nd inst
REDPATH GONGER L
LL LLL AL CN
2 NIGHT ony
PROGRAMME.
; fa, * Transcendental Grand March”... . — 1. Praxo.— 1 ile Concert Polka” ........-.seeeeeeeeees tan Me. Joun Francis GILper. 2 Pecrar—** Amateur Theatricala”.......-6+- +2 seers reese ween, Shakeapere Mr. Epwarp K. Hoop, 3 Vionin ~* Gray ay Dance ” errr rere Tee Te ee s si Miss Epira E, Crristie, 4. Wuistiixc Soro Flor di Margherita”... ....-.-.--+6+++-.see. oes hl Miss Evia M, CHaMBERLIN, 5. Rercrra: —‘* The Light From Over the Range”.......-. sali: Mr. Hoop. ja, ** Andante and Rondo Capriccioso Oe Mend 6.G/Pino.— HE? isasition MANOGS os sian sscececes sce cgees lech (hb, ‘*Viantation Echoes" .......- ++... cece eens, ee Mr. GILper. 7, Vrorrn—‘* Legenda”... . 2... cece cece cece cere etrneeeees St Miss CuareistTir. 8. Wuistiina Soro —‘ Selections from * eee?” ce os .. dakobwaki Miss CHAMBERLIN, 9. Recrrat—* A Sure Care”... 1. eres ce cece eects cones ssrcenceuns Mark Twain Mr. Hoop. ty i aT —_——
POPULAR PRICES:
Reserved Seats, - - - 3d Cents, Admission, - - * * * 2 “
Tickets may be procured at the Diamond Bookstore, Haszard & Moore's, : din’s Drug Store, Apothecaries’ Hall, W. R. Watson's, A. 8. Johnson's and De C. Davies’.
Porgy ae een
Beyond a Doubt)
HERE IS NO'WHING that interests the averas? man ®
much as the price he pays for his Clothing — unless it is
the price he pays for his Wife’s Clothing. We don’t dealin
the latter. In the former we have an assortment th’ for
General Excellence and Low Prices has absolutely no equal
in the city. We do not claim to be the Cheapest Clothier, but we claim to give the Best Value.
Our READY-MADE CLOTHING is manufactured on the premises by competent workmen, and of good material. shoddy. No moss-back cloths. We can give you 4 # ALL-WOOL, TWEED SUIT for $7.25. It pays to deal with
BRUCE THE CLOTHIER.
Charlottetowm, June 22, 1891—dy & wky
_—
MONDAY HALF HOLIDAY!
— -_-— x)----———-
E, the undersigned Merchants of Charlottetown, ee
agree to close our Stores EVERY MONDAY AF . NOON, from ONE o’clock, beginning the first Monday. July until the first Monday infSeptember, both days inclusi¥®
DRY GOODS. |BOOTS & SHOE JEWELERS. } James Paton & Co.,|A.E. McHachen, | E. W. Taylor, Prowse Bros., Goff Bros., J. A. Camerol, J. B. Macdonald, J. B. Macdonald, | F. S. Mitchell, BOOKSTORES—T. L. Chappelle, the Bazaar Store, Hies#l & Moore.
- 2
hs
Beer Bros , J.C. Sprague, K. S. Bonnell, )} Harris & Stewart. el|ner.
Stanley Bros , C. B. Warren, .G. G. Jury, Fa & Sterns, R. K. Jost (2 stores) iG. H. ‘7 iW. W.
Charlottetown, June 20, 1891. es
——
ee
SEASONABLE |
-(0)
HELLIBORE—To rid Bushes of Caterpillars.
INSECT POWDER--Guaranteed Pure.
MOTH BALLS--The Cheapest and Best Moth known. Largely used by Merchants, Cloth and Furs, and by Housekeepers. placed between folds of Garments. Wardrolees prevent destruction of © by Moths, ice 5 cents per dozen; Box of 36.
PARIS GREE} {, for destroying Potato Bugs.
FOR §;ALE AT WATSON’S DRUG STOME
Gharlottetown, + June 12, 1891,
Desiroyet Dealers is The Balls ete., a!
thing. “” 10 cents ft