PAGE FOUR

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THE GUARDIAN. Cl-lARLOTTETOWN

GUARDIAN

Icralng Dally (fended In III) Authorised as loosed Class Int! Post office Department. Ottawa ‘Ibo lelud tlaardloa Publishing co. ldflor and Ialnglng Director. J. I. Burnett Associate ldlccr, l'rI.|I Waller.

”fIIe Strongest Memory is Weaker Than . the Weakest Ink."

CHABLOITITOWN. MONDAY, APRIL 10, 1950

Away From The Land

In a recent issue, "the Toronto Globe and Mail points to American legisla- tion on margarine. After July 1 there W111 be no Federal tax on the product and over the last ten years thirty-one States have re- placed or modified their laws restricting margarine in one way or another. This, the Globe and Mail concludes, IS a valuable guide to Canada in its handling of the pro- blem. What the American developments represent, or course, is the changing balance of that country's economic life. A few gen- erations ago the United States was pre- Ioiiiinsntly agricultural, was in fact "~e granary of the Western world. That has ‘drastically altered and industry now domin- ates the American economic and political scene. Where once the farmer and his well being were the prime concern of Govern- ment, now it is industry with its need Of cheap food to keep down costs of P1‘0d“C' tion that largely defflmllfle P01iCY- In Can‘ ada, however, we have not yet reached that stage and the farm vote is still to be reckon- ed with. In addition, a great man)’ Of 01}? city dwellers retain sufficient interest, in the land to realize that the farmer's pros- perity and the fertility of the soil are the necessary foundation of any industrial su- perstructure we may build.

'—‘

‘Tho Fisheries Award

The payment of $12000 in b°1mti°5 to Island fishermen under the Deep Sea Fisheries Act, recorded in our news items last week, recalls the famous Treaty of Washington of 1871, under which _ the bounty had its origin. This treaty provid- ed for reciprocal fishing privileges for Cana- tlian and American fishermen on the At- lantic seaboard. It created a tremendous stir at the time, and was a live political is- sue for many years. The Ottawa Citizen recalls Sir John A. Macdonald's participa- tion in this almost forgotten event.

Now that Canada has full national status the fisheries figure less prominently in ne- gotiations with other countries. But in 1:71, Britain conducted the external affairs of the empire, and Sir John signed the Treaty of Washington as a member of the British commission rather than as a Canadian. His presence on the commission, however, gave recognition to Canada's right to a voice in Its own interests. His failure to get satis- factory terms accelerated the rise of the "Canada First” movement and a national feeling that brought about full self-govern- ment. Canada's right to conduct its own

affairs was established in 1923, when Mr. Emest Lapolnte put his name to a halibut treaty without an accompanying British sig- nature. '

Meantime~the fisheries had become only part of a varied industrial life. For cen- turies they had caused international rival- ries. They were a factor in wars and a fea- ture of international settlements. Privil- ages for American fishermen in Canadian waters was the card on which Sir John re- lied to get compensation for Fenian raid damages. But then as now Anglo-Ameri- ran relations were of utmost importance to Canada. They had been dangerously strain- ed by the British govemment’s sympathy with the South in the Civil War, and some American leaders were even demanding Can- nda in payment for losses caused by the British-built cruiser Alabama. To promote the pacificatlon of issues outstanding be- tween the big powers, Sir John had grudg- hgly to yield more than he gained. The opening of,Canada’s fisheries helped bring Britain and the ,Unlted States into an era of closer relations.‘

EDITORIAL

History was made when Maj.-Gen. Harry Foster conferred with Gen. Walter Bedeli Smith. -The , dish and American are responsible for the Atlantic defences of their

respective countries. 0 0 April 30 is the deadline for the $1,000

NOTES

thepin-bellmechine. O O O

The International Stsmp_ Exhibition, -'.wliiohwIiiop‘eninI4ondooooMay6.wIu annivenu-ycftliein

aomerefereneeto

Government to adopt the revolutionary prin- ciple of an adhesive penny stamp. O O O

This year the Easter season resembles

_ Christmas weather more than spring. Easter

can vary from March 23rd to April 25th making April 9th the mean date for the fess tival.

Charlottetown. welcomes the Prince Ed- ward Island Teachers‘ Federation in con- vention here this week. Their renewed so- cial contacts at these meetings probably add as much to their enthusiasm for the final months of the school year as do the organ- ized proceedings. ‘

O The gasolene made necessary by mod- ern mechanized farming is a serious fire hazard, but unlike hay, it must be ignited by some outside source of heat. Fortunate- ly spontaneous combustion seems to be confined to fuel for horses.

0 O 0 With 50 Africans from the Kenya Bat- talion of the East African Rifles forming a guard of honour, the Duke of Gloucester last week presented the Royal Charter to Nairobi, capital of Kenya, thereby raising the town to the status of a city. Nairobi is the first capital town in the Colonial Em- pire to attain this honour.

How much there is yet to be learned about this country is hinted at in last week’s announcement that Hudson's Bay is now known to freeze completely over. That body of water is one of the more striking fea- tures of Canada's geography. What may yet be discovered could easily exceed all known resources.

Britain's First Sea Lord and Naval Chief of Staff, Admiral of the Fleet Lord Fraser of North Cape and Molesy is visiting this country. The great German battle cruiser Schamhorse on Dec. 26, 1943, was brought to action and sunk off North Cape by units of the home fleet under his command.

St. Charles Auxiliarshrnever falls to pre- sent good entertainment in its annual pro- ductions in aid of the Charlottetown Hos- pital. The drama at the Prince Edward this afternoon and evening under Mr. Austin Trainor‘s veteran direction will be supple- mented by numerous specialties and orches- tral music, featuring local talent of a high order.

Five years Ego, on April 15, 1945, the First Canadian Army reached the Dutch coast near Leeuwarden and took Zwolle. On April 16 they occupied Leeuwarden and Groningen and launched an assault on Appledoorn, Holland. The end was now near, and on the 18th, in the face of ter- rific Allied pressure, all German resistance in the Ruhr ended.

I William Hazlitt, English critic and es- sayist, born this date 1778. First became known in 1817 by his masterpiece, Char- acters of Shakespeare's Plays; other publi- cations include, “The Spirit of the Age" and “Life of Napoleon”. He was, in some re- spects the greatest of English critics, known in his day as “the critics’ critic.” His “Col- lected Works" (12 volumes) was published 1902-04.

The winning symphony has now been chosen in the international music contest organized by the Edinburgh Festival author- ities. There were 61 entries from 13 na- tions. A jury of experts has awarded first prize to British composer William Words- worth, descendant of the renowned poet. The second place has been secured by an American musician, Professor Karel Kirski

O I 0

Trade Minister I-lowe's disclosure that Canada has voluntarily denied herself the privilege of shipping 15,000,000 bushels of potatoes to the United States under a re- duced tariff does not, perhaps, mean that the Canadian Government lacks business acumen. It does indicate, however, that there are factors of greater weight with Ot- tawa than finding profitable potato mar- kets.

In the death of Mr. Harry W. Oudmore the community has lost a benefactor, par- ticularly so the youth of our city. His active interest, sympathy and support ooiild always

civic improvement and public betterment. One of an active family, he has served his generation well and the memory of his ex- ample will be reflected in the lives-of those who follow.

m PUBLIC FORUM

This column is opa to the discussion by correspondents of tlllcetionsol lntolcstllc Guardian does not nonsur- llycndorse thseplnlon of corlcepondcnh.

- ‘I'll ITANDAIDI BILL _

Sir.—Ths Canadian Association of Consumer. gave Parliament a pat on the back recently for giving finish approval to the "Standards

Mr- F- E. Wrisht of Port Credit. Ontario, President of the Associa- tion expressed satisfaction that the bill which establishes a national trade mark and guarantees stand- ards for product; using the u-ads mark was given final approval. Mrs. Wright also recalled that women's organizations such as the National Council of Women and Women's Institute: have been uk- ing for better standards of con- sumer goods for years and through the C.A.C. have united their efforts to stress the need-particularly this year—for better clothing and textile standards.

has welcomed the growth of volun- tary stsndards by industry. and the legislation now passed should protect the consumer further by providing for the setting up of standards for labels which it is hoped industry will adopt volun- tarily on a wide scale and which will ensure that goods so labelled conform to the prescribed stand- ards."

A delegation from C. A. C. testi- fied before s Senate Committee when the bill was being consider- ed in the Upper House.

I am. Sir. etc.

MRS. A. E. MacMlLLAN. R. R. 4 Charlottetown

POTATO PRODUCTION

Sir,—It was gratifying to hear Mr. W. R. Show in his weekly mar- ket report explode the myth about any influence the few large grow- eie in this Province might have on the potato market. l-{is figures show that there are only 10 grow- ers over 100 acres: 12 from 50 to 100 acres and M from 5-50. for a total of only 86 who grow over 25 acres in the whole Province. These facts from an authority liloe Mr. Show are very enlightening. Furthermore these are a small portion of some 5400 or more regis- tered growers of seed and many more not registered in the seed clsu who grow to-ble stock. Surely this will quash once and for all the many wild statement: said and published on this sub- ject. I notice too that Mn T. J. Kickham, MP. for King's, has been suggesting a system of taxing the larger grower. This is not a new idea but has never been given much consideration as one’: thoughts immediately turn to the old dodge of growing under one or more different. names. Besides the larger farmer pays the shot in income tax. in view of the above figures these proposed regulatory mea- sures are not wanted unless we intend going over with the C. C. F. "Farmer” from Eimsdale in a letter to the press stated that the C. C. F. is the only party behind the Farmers’ Federation, which is far from the truth. If this were so and the Federation used C.C.F. tactics and propaganda or toyed around with its love of monopoly and control then it would have a very dim a short-lived future.

Why can’ we have an end to this childish class warfare which is only building up silly sni- mosities? Let. the professional men stick to his profusion, the business man to his and the farmer to hi.s—-each trying con- scientiously. to do the best possible job. We would then have a bet- ter and happier Province in every way.

I em, Sir, eic., AVERAGE CITIZEN.

NEGLEGE OF EDUCATION

Six-.—The Legislature has ended its sittings for 1950 and as usual education was given a casual ref- erence only; not even a law passed to restrict the number of books re- quired to be‘ used by the course of studies.

A total of tax Readers are now required for the first three grades! Is it any wonder that parents are distracted and teachers leave the pi-ofesion after one or two years’ teaching?

Young teachers begin with the best of intentions but shortly de- cide that it is just about ii nly impossible to carry on in a ne- roomed school all that is required by the course of studies. Too bed the inesnbsra- of the ‘ nt could not be made to peidcnn in e rural school what they require of teachers.

Thedcpertmenial report states that regarding teachers the situ- etlon is veatly improved: few if ll’! mit teachers. It did not lieu the number of schools stalled by teachers who were eboent from this work for from fifteen to twenty or more years and are now returning to teach school and man- sgeahorneontheddeorvice verse. All praise is due these teachers for they are pcidonning llerculeen

The Legislature did not revoke the undemocratic law whereby the Department of liducetion has pow- er to deduct from every teacher’: salary on exorbitcnt,foe for the Federation rellrdlees of the leech- u's wishes. By lie way these the used largely to pay for ‘bea-

Oensdisn Teachers’

Said Mrs. Wright. "The C. A. C. ‘

schools closed and fewor'per- the

Study Of The Classics

(Mr. T. W. Mclluish in The Times, London) Your Special Correspondent's iessoned report on the state of the Classics in this country Will do much to dispel the illusion that

Latin in at the last saw and Greek long since cold. The fact is that Latin is more or less

maintaining its position and that. although Greek has suffered a relative decline. there has never- theless been a steady rise in the absolute number of candidates tak- ing Greek in.the First and Sec ond Examinations, lo that the figures for 1948 .represent an in- crease on those for 1943 of 37 per cent and 23 per cent re- spectively.

All the evidence seems to show that the rate of this increase has since accelerated. Behind all this. however, there are many signs of a resurgence of interest in Classi- cal studies in this country.

Yet in spite of evident good will it cannot be denied that Latin presents a difficulty to the small school with inadequate staffing. The cl t demands of an overcrowded time-table have too often meant a fatal foreshortening of the course and an economy on the time allowed to the point of disaster.

The problem of Greek is differ- ent. We are in danger of killing Greek by choking it with cream. Pupils selected to take Greek are highly “seeded", and entering into competition with one another raise the standard of attainment so high that head masters in smaller grammar schools begin to doubt the wisdom of entering for exam- ination any but the very cream of their pupils. This does much to check what would be a larger in- crease in Greek.

Above all it will be necessary to watch the new pattern of the school examine“ For various . owns it seems likely that under the new arrangements the study of Latin and Greek will suffer most in the schools with no great Classical tradition. Yet it is from their own pupils that these schools in the main recruit their staff. It is wrong to deprive any one sec tion of the community of oppor- tunlty.

Jurists Identity Denied

(Gazette Ottawa Correspondent)

Pressure is being exerted upon the Federal authorities to dis- close the identity of the myster- ious "Mr. C." — I member of the Canadian Judiciary who lost an appeal against paying income tax on a 815.000-"gratuity" after the - ome Tax Appeal Board dealt with the case in camera. Senator John '1'. Hsig, leader of the Opposition in the Upper Cham- ber. criticized the shield of secrecy surrounding the ‘unknown jurist, and intimated that legislative action might be taken to prevent a recurrence in the futum. Dealing with the matter at a meeting of the Senate finance committee, senator llaig drew at- tention to the fact that the Tax Appeal Board had prevented any Judges Act. Thu act forbids judges "If that is the law—and appar- ently it is-the sooner it is chans- ed, the better." the leader of the Senate Opposition commented. Pointing out that a high degree of public interest had already been named in the secret tax appeal hearing. sonata. Haig said that he was convinced that efforts to conceal the name of the Judge would prove futile.

“The name." he declared. "will be found out." Meanwhile, it was learned that a determined effort was being made to find out whether. in accepting s 015.000 honorarium from . the unnamed province which had swoihted him to a Royal Ooinmis- sion inquiry. the jurist concerned had committed a breach of the Judges Act. no set forbids Judges of Dominion and provincial courts from accepting any payment or gifts in addition to their regular salaries, as erctiirnfortllcirlm vices. . . .

There is growing evidence that the Judge's identity will soon be

known to parliament — indeed that tliisdnforrnstioii is already in posueuon of certain of its

members.

Although the income 'i\x Appeal Board Judsnientl on the use care- fully deleted all references to the

lantfs name, the province in

appel which he was performing his Judi- eleven

Government can esytbatthefederstlcn’ for ttieseiaws. nuummm nothellxbundnd only about flveper cent-cboee who ccmpoeetbe oftloves-bore

itself the

C-O0€00%0O-€00-300? Old Charlottetown !

(And I’. E. I.) 9

“The Steamer ‘Rosebud’, be- longing to William Heard, F.%q.. left Charlottetown for Pictou on Wed- nesday last. and returned on Thursday evening. We are happy to say that, all things considered. and taking alsrinto account that she is the first steam-vvessei built at this port. and that this was her first voyage, she has not disap- pointed her well-wishers. As a proof of her competency in point od speed. we may mention that she mad'e that part of the voyage which lies between Charlottetown and Point Prim, 15 miles, in one hour and a half, although she had to contend with an adverse tide the whole way. She leaves again on Tuesday. the zlsi. at 9 o'clock. and will return on the following day. wind and weather permit- ting."

-—l-lsszard's Gazette. Nov. 18. 1854. In a later issue (Nov. 29) the Gazette says: “lat, was with no small anxiety that we reviewed the endeavours of Mr. Heard to procure for us a Steamer in place of the ‘Rose’. which, all things be- ing considered. was decidedly the best. and the best managed vessel ever put upon the line between Pictou and Charlottetown; and it is with much satisfaction we sn- nounce that so for his exertions have been crowned with success. Since the Rosehud's first trip, the funnel has been lengthened, and this has produced a very great im-

THE "IIOSEBUDV

pi-ovement. and increased her speed considerably. She made she p a as e g e to Pictou on

Wednesday. the 22nd. in 6 hours, and the return trip on the fol- lowing day in 5 hours and 40 min- utes from wharf to wharf. it is expected that when her engines are in complete working order she will ‘make the passage to Plctou in less than 5 hours."

7: fig’ ?oedf6wm

THE GOOD GREAT MAN

How seldom. friend. a good great imn inherits

Honour and wealth. with all his worth and

it seems a story from the world of

spirits

When any man obtains that which he merits, '

Ch’ my merits that which he ob- ‘taixis.

For shame, my friend! this idle strain! What would'st thou have a good great men obtain?

-Wealth, title, dignity. a golden

chain,

Or heap of corses which his sword hath slain?

Goodness and greatness are not - means, but ends.

Kath he not always treasures. al- ways friends,

The load great man? Three tress- urcs-—love, and light,

And calm thoughts. fillllhle as in.fsiit's breath;

And three fast friends. more sure than day or night-

l-ilmself. his Maker, and the angel -» Death.

rmomwe

—SIll1|l61 TIYIOP Coleridge.

lcwsids the end of 1046.

A study of the public files is enough to show that this informa- tion limits the number of Judges concei'ned,‘to a very small number. A request for the production of the evidence heard in the tax case, submitted to the Government by John Diefcnbaker (PO—Leke cen- tre). is still unanswered.

It is that Revenue Min- ister Ilooann will decline. on the grounds that the Government is bound, to treat this evidence as confidential. It would. of cou , serve to reveal the Judge's name. mrhc rcgiletlons lll|G;fo.'r:li0h the

come x Alppecl ‘oper- ates. perinit‘the board to conduct ahccringincsmei-a. when if is persuaded that a public hearing would be prehidicial to the appell- snt. These regulations also make

aeecrct compulsomifthe‘ persona -aseinststen alsessniuit vsuch an srnngeninit. ‘- !HnindsrstoocuisHntbiiin- slenoethcmcetlngeofthe board wcrebeidiiioaniera at

de- mand of ttie_;iurtit.. ’ . as-suoi-an o. 0. I. LIADII‘

'i'olwlt’l0. Ii Jclllffe lstu _ Otltesio leader at. In ninth

'C.C.l'..foI' IEO

‘’ pared with fewer than ie.oo.ooo re-

I(O!-I. NIl‘Il""—') pg

_ . '10. ‘ 1950

(Idle-this |'¢.V|IW

- O ' “row countries rapid a growth it the [accent

century as has 0 , of The Bani: of Nova counts. '11:; Review of the ex- growth in this century. . The relative increase in-Our Nil‘! iionuln has been among the largest in world: it is now -2% t1incsasgrestesifilI00.l!ei' working force now numbers over 5,000,000 men and wqmeosu coni-