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UNITED STATES

Congress met on the 15th December, and on the day fol- lowing, the President’s Message was delivered to the House. This document, like most state papers emanating from the Executive of the United States, is of great length. The Mes- lage represents the people to be prosperous and happy, and enjoying in an eminent degree the blessings ofa bounti‘ful providence. The President congratulates the country on the successful termination of the negotiations with‘Great Britain respecting the Boundary question. With the other Posters of Europe the relations of the Republic are repre- sented to continue on the most amicable footing.

Affairs with Meatco are progressing towards an amicable adjustment.

The citizens of the United States who accompanied the late ’I‘exian expedition, to Santa Fe, and who were wrong- fully tnken and held as prisoners of war in Mexico, have all been liberated.

The affairs pending between the United States Govern- ment and several ofthe States formerly under the dominion ofSpain, have again, within the past year, been materially obstructed by the military revolutions and conflicts in those countries.

The Wnr‘with the Florida Indians has been terminated. With seVeriil ether tribes, great progress is said to have been made in civilizing them. He says :—“ The schoolmaster

. and the missionary are found side by side, and the remnants of what were once numerous and powerful nations may yet be preserved as the builders up ofa new name for themselves and their posterity.” _

The fiscal concerns of the nation are thus summarily dia-

osed of z— '

“ The balance in the Treasury, on the lst of January, 1842, (exclusiVe ofthe amount deposited with the States‘ Trust Funds, and lndemuities,) was $230,483,655. The receipts into the Treasury during the first quarters of the present year, from all sources, amount to $26,610,593,78; ofwhicb more than fourteen millions were received from customs, and about one million from the public lands. The receipts for the fourth quarter are estimated at nearly eight millions; of which four millions are expected from Customs, and three millions and a half from Loans and Treasury Notes.

“ The expenditures ofthe first three quarters of the pre- sent year exceed‘ twenty-six millions; and those estimated for the fourth quarter, amount to about eight millions; and it is anticipated »there will be a deficiency of halt'a million on the 1st of January next--but that the outstanding war- rants (estimated at $800,000) will leave an actual balance of about $224,000 in the Treasury. Among the expenditures ofthe year, are more than eight millions for the public debt, and $600,000 on account of the distribution to the States of the proceeds ofsales ofthe public latid.

The President admits that the present Tariff is defective. “ It was,” says he, “ hastily and hurriedly passed at the close of the late session of Congress, and that it should have de- fects can be surprising to no one.” To remedy such defects as might be found in its numerous provisions would claim the serious attention of Congress.

It is proposed to add greatly to the operations of the Marine, and in lieu ofonly 25 ships in commission, and but little in the way of building, to keep, with the same expen- diture, forty-one vessels afloat, and to build twelve ships of a small class. ‘

The Post Oflice is represented to be in a flourishing con- dition. The expenditures of the Department, for the cur- rent year, have been brought within its income, without lessening its general usefulness.

After taking a view ofthe past and the ~causes of the pre sent difficulties and commercial embarrassmcuts of the nation, and indulging in some general remarks respecting his Exchequer scheme, as recommended to Congress last

year, which he again urges upon their consideration, he de- plores the injured creditof the nation abroad, and seems particularly mortified at the failure ofthe Government to negotiate a loan in Europe. He says :-—- '

“American credit has snfl'ered a considerable shock in Europe, from the large indebtedness of the States, and the temporary inability of'some ofthem to meet the interest 01) their debts. The utter and disastrous prostration of the United States Batik ofPennsylvania, had contributed largely to increase the sentiment ‘ of distrust, by reason ofthe loss and ruin sustained by the holders of its stock, a large portion of whom were fareigners, and many ofwhom wer’e alike ig- norant of our political organization, and ofour actual res- ponsibilities. It was the anxious desire of the Executive that, in the effort to negotiate the loan abroad, the Ameri- can negotiator might be able to point the money lender to the fund mortgaged for the redemption of the principal and interest of any loan he might contract, and thereby vindicate the Government from all suspicion of bad faith or inability to meet its engagements. Congress differed from the Exe- cutive in this view ofthe subject. It became, nevertheless, the ditty of the Executive to resort to every oxpcdieiitiu its power to negotiate the authorized loan. After a failure to do so in the American market, a citizen of high character and taletit was sent to Europe with no better success; and thus the mortifyiug spectacle has been presented ofthe ina- bility of this Government to obtain a loan so small as not, in the whole, to amount to more than one-fourth ofits ordi-

nary annual income; at a time when the Governments of“

Europe, although involved in debt, and with their subjects heavily burdened with taxation, readily obtain loans ofany amountat agrently reduced rate ofinterest. It would be unprofitable to look further’iuto thisauomalousstate ofthings but I cannot conclude without adding, that, for a Govern: nient which has paid offits debts of two wars with the largest 'naratime power of Europe,

«lob! which is almost next to nothing, when compared with its boundless resources, a Governu

or“ b t. f h mm the strongest in the ,. ecause emana iiig rom t e o iilar will and fii‘ml ' iriotedin the affections p p , y

‘ ‘ _ of a great and free people, and whose fidelity to Its engagements has never been questioned, tor such a Government to have rendered to the capitalists of other countries an opportu

I . nity lbr a small investment of its stock, and yet to have failed, Implies, either the most un-

founded distrust in its good faith, or a purpose, to obtain

which, the course pursued in the most fatal which could have been adopted.”

The Message concludes b We fine of $1000 imposed loans, and paid by him, at the time of the attack

y recommending the reversion on General Jackson at New Or- for havmg violated the Civil Law, on and defence of that city.

—_ .

“Formats FIItST S'ntansoa'r, 180 .—In December, 1806 Milton arrived in New York, and in the followinv spring, mtmthstandmg the pecuniary and mechanical Lobstacles, opposed to his pmject, had completed his vesel, and in Au- gust had the satisfaction of seeing her moved by her machi- nery f'om the East river to the Jersey shore. “ And nothing ” rays Golden, “could exceed the surprise and admiration (if all who Witness-d the experiment. The minds of the most incredulous wore changed in a few minutes—before the boat had made the progres ofa quarter ofa mile the great- i-st'unbeliover must have been converted. Thehnan who ‘Vlllle he looked on the expensive machine. thanked hiii stars that he had more wisdom than to Waste his money on .«uchidlo schemes, changed the expression of his features as the boatmovod from the wharf and gained her speed - hi complacent smile gradually stiffened into an oxpressidn of wonder—tho joers of the ignorant, who had neilliel'Jonse nor feeling enough to repress their contemptuous ridicule and rude jokes, were silenced for the moment by a vulgar as- tonishment, which deprived them of the powor of utterance till the triumph of genius extorted from the incredulous; multitude, which crowded the shores, shouts and acclaime- tions of congratulation and applause.” Though her per- formance far exceeded the expectations of his friends, Fulton perceived an error in the construction of her water wheels— lm lessened their diameter, so that they did not dip so deep into the water, and it was manifest that the alteration had tended to Increase the speed. This famed vessel, which was natned the Clermont, soon after sailed for Albany' and on her first voyage, arrived at her destination withoui any accident. She excited the astonismnent of the inhabitants ofthe shores of the Hudson, many of whom had not heard even of the engine! much less ofthe steamboat. There were many descriptions of the effects of her first appearance

crippled.

and now owing ar

upon the people on the banks ofthe river. Some of these were ridiculous, but some of them were ofsticli a character as nothing but an object of real grandeur could have excued. She was described by some, who had distinctly seen her passing iii the night, to those who had not a view of her, a: a monster moving on the waters, defying the wuids nut tide, and breathing flames and smoke. “She had the most terrific appearance li'omotlier vessels, which were naVIga- ting the river when she was making her passage. The first steainbouts, as others yet do, used dry pine wood for fuel, which sends forth a column ol'ignited vapor, many feet above the fine, and whenever the fire is stirred, a galaxy of sparks fly oft; which in the night have an airy, bril- liant, and beautiful appearance—The uncommon light first attracted the attention ofthe crews ofuther vessels. Not- tvtthstnnding the wind and tide were adverse to its approufilli they saw with astbnishment that it was rapidly coming to- wards them; and when it came so near as that the noise of the machinery and the paddles were heard, the creivs, in some instances,sbrunk beneath their decks from the terrific sight; and others left their vessels to go on shore; while others prostrated themselves, and besought Provtdence to protect them from the approach of the horrible monster which was marching on the tides, and lighting is path by the fires which it vomited.”

BA'I‘ANISTS, on Assasers—Tho Assassins were a famous , heretical sect of murderers among the Mahometnnl, whg

settled in Persia about 1090. have been Ilassan Sabbnh, subjects. ’ Magi, the Jews, the Christians, and the Mahouiptans. They believed the Holy Ghost resided in their chief; that his or-_ dare proceeded from God himself, and were real declara- tions of his will.

This chief, from his exalted residence upon Mount Le- banon, was called “ The Old Man ofthe Mountains)” who, like a vindictive deity, with the thunderbolt iti his hand, sent inevitable death to all quarters, so that even kings trembled at his sanguinary power. His subjects would pros- trate themselves at the foot ofhis throne, requesting to die by his band or order, as a favour by which they were sure of passing into paradise. “ Are your subjects,” said the Old

Man of the Mountain to the son-in-law of Amoury, king of

Jerusalem, “as ready in their submission ._ as mine ?" and, without stayiiig'for an answer, made a sign with his hand, when too young men in white, who were standing on an adjacent tower, instantly threw themselves down. To one of his guards he said, “Draw your dagger and plunge it into your breast ;” which was no sooner said than obeyed. At ihe command oftlieir chief; they made no difficulty ofstab- hing any prince, even on his throne; and for that purpose conformed to the dress and religion ofthe country, that they might be less suspected. To animate them iii sticb at- tempts, the Sheik previously iridnlged them with a foretaste of paradise—Delicious soporific drinks were given to them ; and while they lay asleep, they were carried into beautiful gardens, awakened as it were in paradise, and inflamed with views of perpetual enjoyments, they snllied forth to perform assassinations of the blackest dye. .

It is said, they once thought of embracing the Christian religion ; and some have thought the Druses a remnant of this singular race of barbarianl.—-Buck’s Theological Diction- a . ryI‘wo VIOLENT Pawnee—In the town ofSt. Antoine, de- partment of Doubts, about 8 o’clock in the afternoon of July 27th, three bulls had been fighting in their pasture. One ofthern finding himself growing tired, tcok flight, and being pursued by the other two, took refuge in the village school room, ata time when the scholars were all assembled there. Mr. Lepine, the teacher, madevnin efforts to drive him out: the bull pushed by his two conquerors, and knocked down the master, wlto was thrown from the other side ofthe table. A most horrible scene then commenced ; the furious animals continued the contest} with each other in the roorn where there were forty-two pupils, upset and broke benches and tables, and even the master’s desks. The master, though at first terrified by the unexpected scene, and the tears and cries ofthe children, soon succeed- ed in recovering his presence of mind, and selected the only means of safety which was possible. He saved all the children, by taking them from under the feet ofthe combat- ants and putting them through the windows into a garden. For more than two minutes most of the scholars were pros- trated and trodden on by the bulls; yet they escaped with no injury but bruises. The school-room, after the bulls left it, exhibited marks of entire devastation, the window/s brokeu,as well as the benches anti tables, the teacher’s desk and every thing in it forming one heap of ruins. Every one does justice to the devotedness, the courage, and presence of mind ofthe teacher. Ifhe had become bewildered and left his charge, many would doubtless have been lgilled or

DESPFIRATION.—Wh8n a man’s fortune has become so em- barrassed that he is obliged to give tip the broadcloth for homespun, pound cake for brown bread, kid for calfskin, and calf-skin for cow-hide—in such circuiiistances’Vve con- sider there is hope ofa man, and that his credit ought yet to be accounted as good; but when he is driven so far and so low in hard times as to say—l must economise by step- ping my newspaper! we conclude that the poor man’s for- tunes are really desperate, and that be is it gone. case. To think of saving one’s self by stopping a newspaper, is like the hungry man’s calculating to grow fiit by total abstinence from every thing that can sustain life. '

READING.-—Any person who takes a comprehensive sur- vey ofthe magazines, periodicals and books which form the intellectual 'food ofthe great reading public, will arrive at the conclusion that there is very little to boast of: The im- agination is pleased with fiction. Those who supplied our reading wants have plied us with novels, tales, and fictitious scenes, until the public mind will hear nothing else. The imagination has been fed, and has grown, till it has outstrip- ped every other mental power. To this may be attributed in some measure the gnllibility of our people, and the ease with which they are drawn into imaginary schemes and ro- mantic speculations. Real facts, the naked realities of life, are too tame entirely to command the attention, when one wishes to read. They must be clothed or distorted in fiction before they can be considered as benefiting the piihlic taste, and therefore worthy of perusal. A magazine or periodical which deals principally with matters ofscience or fact, can scarcely get a support; while those which are filled with fictitious and unnatural tales, romnnic incidents and sickly poetry,riot in abundance. “Straws show which Way the Wind blows.” The tide of public taste is running down the stream of mental dissipation. The stream deepens and the current grows stronger with time. To every person, and especmlly every young person, we would say, read; but be choice in your reading, and use reflection. Avoid that error so common among our pert young ladies and gentlemen, who would rather run through thirty .fictitious volumes, than read one of real worth. If our apprentices and clerks would employa tithe of their leisure time in reading value- ble books, they would employ their time to infinitely better advantage than the majority of them do at present, and in after life they would always reflect upon it with pleasure—- New York Sun, Nov. 11th. '

HINTS 'ro FARMERS.—A farmer should never undertake to cultivate m0re land than he can do thoroughly. Halftil~ led luan in growing poorer; well tilled land is constantly improvmg. '

A farmer should never keep more cattle, horses, sheep, or hogs, than he can keep in good order; an animal in hivh or- der on the first of December is already halfwintered. a

A farmer should never depend on his neighbour for what he can, by care and good management, produce on his owti farm. He hould never beg fruit while he can plant trees, or borrow tools when he can make or buy them—a high au- thority has said, the borrower is the servant to the lender.

' No fiirmer should allow the reproach of nenlected educa- tion t?! lfie against himself or family. If :knowledge is power, t e commencement should be ear ‘ in the minds of his children. ly and deeply laid

A farmer should never use intoxicatin

the summer, he would enjoy robust health, let him be tom. perate in all things:

Their head chiefseems t’r‘ who made fanatical slaves ofht, Their religion was a compound of that of tho

, . , , 2 liquors asadrink ;. it‘, while undergomg severe fatigue and the hard labour of

POST OFFICE. . .” HE MAILS for England, Nova Scotia, GLC-if’“ be made up every Tuesday morning (until further notice.“ at half-past Nine o’clock; and the Western Inland Mails WI be closed at the same time.

The Inland Mails for the Eastern Section of tlieOIsIand,’ St. Peter’s, &.c. will be made tip every ch/lncsday morning, at I‘cn o’clock; and those for Georgetown, Belfast and Murray Harbour, evorv Saturday morning. at half-past Nine o'clock. r ,

Hbiirs ofattendnnce (Sundays excepted), from 9 to o 0 clock, except on the days previous toltllii; closing (iftlligMailachrlILnngl-

. ‘ Wl eo en iinti oco , . . land, &c., when ilie Ofiice p THOMAS OWEN-

Cliarlottetown, Doc. 3d, 1842.

STEAM NAVIGATZON COMPANY.

T a Meeting ofthe Directors of the Prince Edward A. Island Steam Navigation Company, held on the 15th Novem- ber, l842—lt was unanimously RnsoLVED, llnit all Shareholders indebted to the Company for such instalments as have been legal- ly called for, shall have their Shares advertised for sale, as direct- eil bv the Act. of Incorporation; and in case of any loss to the Conipany by such sale, that actions‘ at law shall be brought for the recovery of the same, together with all interest due from the period ofthe Instalmcnts being called for, as well as for the recovery ofall claims on Parties who have neglected to take tip their respective shares.

By order ofthe Directors, CHARLES HENSLEY, Chairman.

VALUAB t.E REAL ESTATE FOR SALE.

HE SUBSCRIBER respectfully invites the attention . ofpiirchasers to that very eligible and highly improved Property, owned and occupied by him, at VYilmoi Creek Eridge. Bedcque, consisting of 100 Acres of FREl‘JjIOLD L_AI\D, all cleared and under Meadow, Pasture and Tillage this season; 40 acres (ifwhich were laid down in good condition under Clover and Timothy, last year. The Divelliug-Housc is continudious and comfortable, 38 feet by 25 feet, uniting every Convenience for a respectable family. The Batu is new, 70 feet long by 30 feet wide, with every requisite Out-office, all in perfect ordptn 'lhe whole of the valuable Crop, Stock and Farthing Utensils, of every description, will be Sold eitlierwith orwithout tlie_Laud,attbe option of the purchaser. Such a convenience as this property affords to a Merchant or wealthy Agriculturisi, is very rarely to be met with, it being so admirably situated for either or'lmth purposes, and requires only to be inspected to be appreciated. For Terms, which will be liberal (its part ofthe purchase money m:tv remain on Mortgage, if required), please apply ['0 Mr.

Brenan, Merchant, Charlottetown, or on the premise-3,11) '

JOHN DUGGAN. Bedequ‘e, August 18th, 1842.

E‘OR SALE—The Leasehold Interest of the Subscri-

ber, in atid to 75 Acres of Land, situate in Cavendish. It is all cleared except a few Groves, or patches ofyoung Wood, and in a good state of cultivation. The Dwelling-house is Cnl’llftll’I‘ able, 32222 feet; the Burns and other farm buildings are com- uiodious, and capable of containing the crop, and a large farm stock. The whole ofthe buildings have been erected within the last 10 or 12 years. This farm has a front ofl5clinitis on the .Gulfshore—is distant about a quarter of a mile fioin New Lon- don Bay, from the shores of which large quantities officn weed and other manure may be obtained—mid is subject to a yearly rent of One shilling and Sixpence, per Acre, for the term of 999 years. There is unlet land adjoining, in the tear. For further particulars, apply to

ROBERT SIMPSON. Hope River Saw Mill, [.ut 2‘2, Oct. ISIh, 1842.

TO BE SOLD, A VALUABLE .MILL, situated on Lot‘47, North Lake, about Five miles from the East Point. There are 25 Acres ofgdod Land attached to the Mill. The stream is an excellent one, and the Mill is situated in as public a place as is to be met with iii the Island, fronting the Sea-slime,nnd is conse-

quently an excellent stand for every description ofhusiness. The Main Road passes within 30 yards ofthe Mill. For further par-

soph Macdonald, on the premises

DUGALD MACDONALD. Grand River, Lot 14, Aug. 11th, 1842.

THE Subscribers having been duly appointed the sole

Agents of DAVID STE \VA RT, Esquire, for his Estates on Lots or Townships Nos. 7, 10, 12, 27, 30, 46. 47, and Leuuux‘ Island, beg to intimate, that they are prepuied to lease lands, with ‘J liberty of purchasing, and to sell on the most liberal terms; and that all persons indebted to that gentleman, for rent or other- wise, are hereby required to make immediate payment of the SHIT").