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ioorflnryucutcosllLllnolitnuoinmao. ' Associate Bulloc- Frnuk Walker SUBSCRIPTION BATES 85.00 per your (In advance) delivered 0o Olly 0L00puycur tlundvunoe) muuonmlhtlsluud 55.00 pu- yeur (In advance) mulled to Cnundu nuu 0.8 Members Audit Bureau of Clrdulntlous

“The Strongest Memory lfweulcer than the Weakest Ink’.

MONDAY, MAY 9, 1938

Political Independence

An Ottawa journalist in a recent address con-

trasted the apparent lack of independence of

Canadian politicians with the situation in the

United States, where House and Senate have

recently rejected much of President Roosevelt's

pet legislation. The factor there, however, says an exchange, is the fixed terms of American Congressman——two years for all the Representa- tives, and one-third of all Senators elected every six years. It is the antithesis of British respon- sible government where members’ terms endure only so long as their government maintains its majority. American Congressmen can safely defeat a major measure of their executive — so far as their existing tenure goes. Moreover, when an American Congressman goes back to face the home folks at election time, he finds himself confronted by a carefully compiled, tab- illatctl. mimeographed and widely circulated re- cord of every vote he has cast in the House or Senate. Under any form of government, the difficulty of achieving parliamentary independence is un- doubtedly greater where there is an overwhelm- ing government majority. The delicately balanc- ed British system works best when the govern- ment has merely a safe working majority and a strong opposition. That tends to government respectfulness toward its private members and caution toward any temptation to oppress the opposition. \Vhere there is no official opposi- tion (as in this Province) the situation from the standpoint of British democracy is well- nigh hopeless. The government, being in con- trol of party patronage, holds the whip over all its supporters. Those who jump most nimbly through the hoops are rewarded with the most political tid-bits_

This does not, of course, prevent occasional cruptions,~as was evident at our last legislative session, but it tends to stultify independence of parliament.

A striking example of this truth comes to

Glllllllllll

choosing the side its bread is buttered on." Fortunately, perhaps, for the Campbell Gov- emment, Premier Hepburn did not analyze the arguments presented to the Commission on be- half of this Province for alleged disadvantages under the National Policy. He did, however, refer to Professor Norman Rogers (now Labour Minister Rogers). Mr. Rogers prepared a brief some years ago for the Province of Nova Scotia; according to ‘which that province was carrying a tariff burden of $12.28 per capita, and as a result its population of 459,574 in 19oz had grown to only 512,864 in 193i. “Apparently," said Mr. Hepburn, “the economists of the Prairie Provinces worked over the figures of Mr. Rogers, only to reject them; acceptable to the East, they actually disproved the case of the West, since Mr. Rogers had set the tariff bur- den of Alberta at $26.93 per capita, and the Al- berta population grew from 73,022 in 190i to 731,605 in i931."

It is interesting to note that the Toronto Globe and Mail, which supported Premier Hepburn in his last political campaign, complains that his brief before the Rowell Commission, “even stripped of its personal animosity toward Mr. King and the Ottawa Government, must be call- ed an instrument of" destruction from the stand- point of national unity." The extensive portion devoted t0.combating the western provinces’ argu- ments, it says, were “altogether misplaced."

The Record

111C focal Liberal organ, seeking alibis for the failure of its own governments, federal and provincial, to remedy unemployment conditions asks what Mr. Bennett ever did when in power, except to boost thetariffs.

The first thing that comes to mind, of course, is the achievement of the Bennett Government in negotiating the Empire trade agreements. Where, we wonder, would Canada be today if it

session of Parliament in the face of the bitter- est opposition from Mr. Mackenzie King and his followers?

But that is not all. During the sessions i934 and i935 the Bennett Government introduced and had passed in Parliament an extensive pro- gram of legislation that carried Canada far along the road of social and economic reform. Among the vital features of the program were the following enactments:

An Act to establish an Economic Council. The Farmers’ Creditors’ Arrangement Act. An Act to establish a system of unemployment and social insurance and to provide for a national employment service. _ An Act to provide for a weekly day of rest in industry.

An Act aimed at the establishment of mini-

mum wages

An Act for the limitation of hours of work

mind. Readers will recal that last session all our in industry.

Liberal members were silent on the subject of the Government's prohibition administration. Notori- ous incidents occurred during the year, of agents hired at the taxpayer's expense of such character that their evidence had to be thrown out by the tiail magistrate; of others stating on oath that they saw more drunkenness in Charlottetown in one day than they would see in Montreal in a week; of one detective brought here from Mon- treal and shipped home. dead, without an in- quest, after he had drunk an unspecified amount of “red-eye" these government agents in violation of the law; of the agents themselves going on protracted sprees and even driving cars in a more or less intoxicated condition—-boozing around town and

.country on money supplied them by the At-

torney-General out of the treasury of this Pro- vince. Here was subject matter, surely, for legislative inquiry, at least to the extent of as- certaining how much public money was spent. and how it was expended. Not one question _m1 the Order Paper, or one word from any of our representatives. Not even when freer sale of beer and wine was advocated as a revenue meas- ure by two members (one of them a mem- ber of the Government) was there any comment from those who in other years_ ‘were most ardent in proclaiming their Prohibition senti- ments. There seems no doubt that this issue was deliberately sidetracked. after being thoroughly »rchearsed in caucus. This was a situation which could not possibly have occurred hadtheir been one member independent of the Liberal party machinedii the l-lousc. He would have insisted on VfilClflfl the public demand for in- formation. and holding up the estimates for the

Attorney-GeneraPs department until such in-

formation was forthcoming.

Premier Hepburn’s Brief

It is not necessary to agree with all of Premier before the Rowell Com- made an excellent job of exploding the arguments of western free- traders. The western provinces, the Ontario Premier showed, are as much dependent on tariff protection as other sections of Canada. As "an amazing example of inconsistency" he cited

Hepburn’: presentation mission to concede that he

the following incidents:

“The great dairy pools of the Prairie Pro- vinces. in I030. sent representatives to the Tariff Board to plead for ‘an upward revision of dutv on butter’; and the ‘duty on butter. was made away from New Tealarid. The amount of imonrtation from New Zealand l! under Government regulation. Having secur- ‘ the Prairie Provinces sent r037, to the Realm: Confer- Qme {m- ghe gfjqfific purpose of claiming dis- ability and ‘demanding compensation under tariff

"Western Can- “(gg “mo” 4o Eifflcent of the poultry of " ‘ and last year. accordlnl tirmi‘ dozencccs and t6.- mls of chicken. valued at about 3m.- -- Qsmdii. ‘Mr. Chairman. un-

‘ fhlgnast regret to tell you ln rv pools ltcfmre

practically prohibitory.

ed that protection, representatives, in

pbllc-v," . . He also cited the case of ems.

Itrld, naoioooo

“PM?

l

ada certain trade practices disclosed

dustry Commission.

More effective legislation to deal with com-

biiies.

More effective legislation to deal with the

organization and conduct of companies.

Amendments to the Criminal Code,_among other things making criminal offences in Can- through the Price-Spread inquiry.

An Act to establish a Dominion Trade and In-

Acts dealing with the marketing of natural

rum; of women being treated by products,

Some of this legislation was challenged on constitutional grounds, but all of it was unques- tionably inspired by the Bennett Government's‘ desire to give this Dominion an advanced re- form program to meet the conditions then exist- ing. What has the King Government to show. except three years of inaction and failure?

Protection Of Trade Marks

All manufacturers owning trade marks which are descriptive, geographical, the name of a patent expired product, or the name of a per- son, firm or corporation, should be considering whether their trade marks are valid or not iii view of the" recent decision of the Privy Council in the case of The Canadian Shredded Wheat Company, Ltd., vs. Kellogg, wherein the ques- tion of descriptive trade marks was discussed.

This decision is of importance to all trade mark owners who desire to protect their marks, because in this case a trade mark, which had been used for almost forty years in Canada, was held to be invalid. The Court points out in the decision what is necessary in order to prove that such marks have acquired distinctiveness so as to entitle them to protection. .

It may be that in view of this decision an ‘amendment to the law is necessary for the pro- tection of such trade marks.

Editorial Notes

I I

Sir James Barrie born i860. i i I I

I A cordial welcome will be extended to the delegates of the Maritime branch of the Wo- men's Missionary Society of the United Church, who meet here in annual convention, May lO-l2. n- o a n

Forest fires, according to the Department of

results of extreme denudation. a a n- v

ments made before the standing

only stressed our vice. but aid a

tug: of t e Island u a tourist resort. The s: tend vice-presidential the Canadian

the c

was not for those agreements, passed at the i933 _

Mines and Forests, in the last ten years have caused a direct loss of more than $48,000,000 which does not include the indirect loss in soil fertility, scenic value and the damage caused by floods, soil erosion, and the lowering of water levels instreams, all of which are the "inevitable

Mr. W. A. Walsh, Conservative M. P. for» Wcstmount, is entitled to the thanks of the people of this Province for his able advocacy of our claims for better railway facilities, in state- rliamcntary committee on Railways and Canal? at Ottawa, reported in today's Guardian. Mr. Walsh not

requirements for better scr- splmdld tribute to the advan-

iiii tionsl Railways, alomifiwvfilth ‘other officials, were

‘sitting, and it was an occufnn- ciluwliieli to bring up the

,ollol<

iiorrsiii TllE WAY

llllllvldllll who orlduntoil the like of hunnuiq out. comma paper hum at. banquets aeservo. a spoo- Ill nldic in the lull of Infamy- Woodubock flntiuel-Rovtaw.

The noiseless q, writer was n boon to business ottloes. (boar. hilt the improvement wlll not seem le.e until somebcdy achieves the noiseless stances-sober. —8sl.urduy Mid-it.

Ontario fill voted $40,000 h fight lnlmtlle ralysls l.n human beings and $75, w battle Doug's disease in came. The moral ls sell-point.- ed. ‘Petal-borough Examiner. Shafts another llluslon lathe statement ln all Dublin there are today less than ten hurplsts. qBrookvlllo Recorder and Tlmu.

The trouble h on flu Ila-mgr, Just. as he thought he had come clear from the 0w of one epidemic, he has been plunged 111w new uixlet-les from the same cause wlthln a few weeks of the Upening or the summer show season. But lsrloulture as a. whole su the slaughter policy and 51d; the Ministry ln its heavy task, The vlrus of the last oipfdemlc came from the Continent. and was the most virulent and rapid-spreading known strain of the disease. The virus in the recent outbreaks ls under‘ examination now. and m; posslblllty that. ll: ts thg some stmln increases the necessity for the Present drastic measures. 11ml: and mciith ls a mysterious disease. There are several types and many Strains. and they require several days to determine their character. A Nlyvfllenl. or lmmunlser, for lishiizlgnsltiintify rioiuiié? 51mm“ it

research. —.b0ntlon Dally Mall.

Most. fnnnors’ dlllghlgrg be. tween the ass-s or 1o and so in the States of Washing-ton and Oregon Spend more for c cuties than their mothers do. so we Dqsamnm; of Agriculture informs us, repart- lns on the 1995-30 survey o1 cloth. 1m: Expenditures just taibuluted by llfi bureau or Home Economics. It. took lJhC bureau t/wo years, Bpbarentltv. to obtain this import,-

. am information. To save the gov-

eminent the time and trouble qr further research ln the other 45 Singles. we hereby announce with- ou fear of successful contradiction that most daughters between 15 and 30. on tine farms and. in the Cities of every State in the Union, Strand more for clothes than then- mothers do.—New York World. Telegram.

Sh- Henry N bolt _ $110k and he wig no mm jingl He loved England with the 1W3 of: cultured and well-travelled man, not a narrow affect/tan. the type of which Browning wmcg; They little know of England, who only England know." Like Mme- {held he had a passionate love of

e soll and natural beauty at m; native land. This twig so 0mm fwpd in English DOefs has in lt. a. c9!‘ flirt mystical quality and lt. can- lwénbe Explained slmiply by the M‘ °W1¢d8¢d Drettlnm" of the Eflkllsh countryside. Ilt gees deep. E1‘ lyhan that. Sir Henry New. bolts dea/th will be deep] i-e-. Bretted in Canada, especig, y in Winnipeg. He was the tlrtt Weak. 91' M? the “Wt National Conference on Education and Citizenship, which was held here in 1919. In ‘his address on that occasion he set a standard which has been an lrisplmtlon to the conference ever sincs- Again. in ma. he visited this clty and made another mm- “able spfleclu-Wlnnlpeg ‘h-lilyune,

Gwfle Bernard Show. who not several months past. has been p"- ‘dillillli; his own eBflY demce and

uiativ

ha»

"filial . ';

A SIMPLE TEST 0F THE STRENGTH 0F THE HEART

Although there ls now more heart. disease than at any previous time in history nevertheless with our more exact methods of measur- ing the- nmmmt oif work the heart can now perform safely, many 1n- dlvlduals are enable‘ to llve even tpnfilgl age by keevifls within ‘bale’

The use of the clcctrooardlfle graph which records the er olf the heart. beats and regu the heart's action, the fluorasoope which enables the physician to see the heart as lt works. and the measuring of how much extra oxy- gen the individual needs to do u certain amount of work. and how long he will need extra oxyuen after he has finished the work.

machine and the fluorosoope an not. found 1n the majority of phy- sician's offices, the funwlonal test. canglve valuable lnfommtlon with- out even the oxygen measufng ap- paratus.

The patient simply rests for n few minutes utter leaching the physician's oflflce and ls lien ready for the test. His pulse raie ls taken while still restlns. and then he does a. certain measured amount of work such as walking up s. number of steps at. a certain rate 01 Bed. 01' 1088 or skips a certain num her of sWDS a minute. or touches or trles to touch his hoes with knees straight a certain number 2f times within a certain time llmf .

The physician knows the increas- ed number of beats the heart will have to make ln a. nomial tndlvld- ual in order to do this wort and exactly how Ions lt will be after the work ls done before the heart returns to its normal rate-the rate before the exercise ls taken. Thus a heart beating '72 to the minute before a. given amoum of wonk ls done-sav 60 steps skip- ping at. the rate of 120 to the m‘n- lite-may g0 up to 9e due to lzhls exercise and return to normal 1n 1 l0 1 1-2 minutes. ‘This would be considered normal. H’ individual ls an atlhletc or takes considerable exencfse, the hear; rate may g0 up b0 Only 84 and be back to normal ln lees than one minute.

The point then is that. the amount or work the heart can do wltlhout. causing bresthlcrsness m‘

continuing to cause brea-thlessness

too lone after the work ls done tells the hyslclan how much work the pa. lent. can safely do.

The Royal Society

Every year since the e of Argyle when Governor eneral founded the Royal Society of Can- ada in 1882, outstanding Canadians in the field of learning aqd re- search huve met each year to re- DOYl Progress. The numbers have grown so that the Society has begn m order to cover the ground ln the four days allotted to the annual conference which this year takes place at Ott-aiwa, from Mav 24th to May 27th, under the Presidency of Professor A. G. Huntsman. the dis-

utlfirl characteristic Shawlsmg about t. turns more serious when he dlslusses how he will leave his ‘IHOMY. He told Hannen sword;- that. he piciposes to piwfde m- nruttles for certain unspecified per sons and that this wlll postpone the final disposal of his to until “we persons are "ext Then. ‘he Mid. he hog? to do something M‘ the Ensl lansuase. m- Eflkllsh speech and manners and for the science of phonetics. Any- way. we think, he has already done much for the English language in his writings and especially in 11's Plays. And he has done much for phonetics by his demonstrations on the lecture platform. The unpre- dlctaible Shaw might well be ox- at.

cused if he lap, lt. g0 them-Van- oouver Sun. The first. requlallo of u good

conversstlomllst it mt. ability to talk. but s/blllty to very few of us know how to Ysten Real listening ls something posi- tlve, n01. merely closing the mouth. letting another talk. and waiting until you can break ln again. fit you think lit an ordinary trait. try paying strlot attention to the next person who addicaes you. Decide ii-mly b0 make no iiepl until 30 second»: sitter the leaf period. Listen to the tones of voloe, watch observe how

0d to write realise you are in:

h enoe. Alld fem fin

e person you. yru

realize. that he l! huvfn n. new experience. tom-torch anvil in maul-re.

The wlyto clearance the number of fine unemployed is to orfglmto snd bo carry on entcrprl which are best suited to advance naflonal

BROWSI-

Dflflgl-lfll maniacs.

tour-loin which bung.

000 a veer and wh om more with

It. ls with pcuurc tint we gist the ran. Hr Mitts

tlngulshed biologist of the Unl- verslzy of Toronto. So far as the encral public ls concerned, the ~ctlon which can usually be count- ed on to draw good attendances ts Section 11 covering Literature, Hts- tory, Archaeology, Sociology, Poll- tlcal Economy and allied subjects in Enqllsh. Dr. W. Sherwood Fox. Prwldent of Western University. London, Ontario, ls President o! this Section this year and has chosen for the subject of his own address an examination of his own three hundred year old family tree, which has izlven him some surprising discoveries.

15c. Fox's first Canadian ancestor arrived from Brittany at Sorel as lomz ago as 1670. a certain Giles Dufuux. whose grandson built. the fur-trading fort round which even- tually grew the present ‘Toronto. l-Ils son became lcar Gen of Upper Canada. Alon». another

Irishman and became one of the flrst/ settlers on the Ottawa River

an inter-racial ha. it. for their des- cendants are found marrying into Enullsh. Danish and Welsh families.

An 18th Century Racketeer ln

address tn Section II. presented by Professor H. M. ‘mamas. of Wes- tern University

acoordlng to Professor Thomas was M‘ m-~ irlllnlncus hut. merely more effective in his vlllalnv than his predecessors. Under his syl- tcm there were separate lines of authority for ordering stores. for checking the issues and for pov- lng for them, one lino being mill-

BUT SATISIYING

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