vv-gr

biziness of selling iprtlillll dilflllll UIQ ii aummer_mi>l¥t|1B-.llllt f’°’“ -Um” ‘°‘ gi? time listened to all kinds of advice Di, hmi,jn-structiona. onthe why and how ci. of cream cooling, While no doubt iii ,omg of this advice has been acted au upon, still a great deal of it has rec- ie elven very little attention from dairy- ,ii men Seneraiilyf There are_reas'cns of ci. course, why the cream_ producers do en not seein overly anxious -to go to any ,iii

more trouble -with .the cream while it

for. One good re‘ason is, -that the par- i

ties iacllned to give advice as to the ‘iii necessity of properiy cooled cream, .la have failed to present reliable con- ii crete facts and figures to bear out gi- their statements. that subh cream in

brings iairg-er returns from the mark- et than that madefroin poorly cooled cream. This together with the unwill- ingness displayed .by -the manufactur-

er to pay for cream on a. quality bas- th

is, largely accounts for the half-heart- a

ed interest which the dairy farmer to

’ ` I.

Ill

' _ _ _ t

Evspy dairy farmer Who BNHS! 8 :gg

nd

B

t

lms shown in the subject. commodate two cans may be made

_ _ o

Facts and Figures b

¢ ‘ _iy

u-t of an ordinary pickle or vinegar arrel which has'first been thorough-

washed. A sifnple bit gf a frame

To remove the air of uncertainty made out of three small boards at the

about this matter, and -to show rea- top of -the barrel and a similar frame

sons why cream should be properly at cooled, an experiment was conducted we

recently at the Government Agricul- v

tural 'Experiment Station, Purdue, In- m

diana. Two cream routes with twen- D

the bottom of the barrel “will ans- r to hold the cans upright. It is a

ery simple and convenient arrange- ent, -to place this barrel between the

umm and the tank or vat used for

1 .

ly patrons each were selected, Each watering -the stock, whether inside or

route was divided into two parts; half Oil of _the patrons received cream cooling th

tanks. and -the other half took care of fl their cream without the use of spec-

tside of -the stable; in this case ull o water pumped for the stock is rat used for cooling the creain. To make a long story short, almost

lol tanks. frne patrons with the tanks any farmer can. with very little ex-

were instructed as to howthey should D6

nee, contrive some sort of _an ar-

be used, and a. member of the staff 1111180111011! -that Will <10 the 1012 BRUS- visited these farms weekly to see faotorily- One other point Should be that »in'structions were .being carried il0i6d. will that iS. U18 tiiilk Dfoyldlid

out. Sh

ould be big enough io take cam in

ry cooling tank, big enough to ac-1

The cream was hauled to the cream- th

ery twice a. week, thsit received -from if the patrons using the tanks Ibeing U9

carefully kept s'eparate from the cc1d'cr_eam-u practice which cannot

cream sent in by the no-tank patrons. be Both sorts of cream were scored b-y 5°

condemned too. strongly, as cream mixed will ferment very rapidly,

tasting and iime11iiig_ re-Bred fm~_aciii with the inevitable result of giving

and bacteria. as well as for fermenta- an

tion and sediment. Butter was made from the two kinds of cream in ex- acily the same way to the very last

detail. M

The records of this experiment n

bring out the following facts:-7

Quality of the Cream `

cream, _tested.on reaching the cream- ery contained less acid than the no- 3 tank cream; the average being .35 per a cent and .52 per cent acidity respect- _O ively, This difference represents a V reduction of acid, due to the use of H the acid contained in -the no-tank - e cream. Funthermore the records p show, that in every case the cooling- 8 tank cream scored higher than the no- a tank cream,( the average scores being 0 respectively 91.25 points and 88.68, C points. in the case of tank cream -the

inferior product.

U -l HE CULL APPLES `

SNGT

ethod of Keeping Cider Sweet-A ew Deilcacy in Form of Apple Syrup

A modern hydraulic'cider press will

i extract an average of a little over

in every case -the cooling' tank

ur gallons of cider from each bush- oi orinary undergrodes. This juice

an _be readily converted into a vari-

ty of food products that are not only

ppetizing and nourishing, but most f them are in concentrated form con- enien-t to market -and easy to pre-

erve. Sweet cider, cider vinegar. boil-

d cider, apple syrup, apple jelly. -ap- la butter and pasteurized cider are ll in active demand and can be sold t a. better net profit -than is usually btained from the apples in a fresh

ondition. `

Even the pomace need not be wast-

iinvor was uniformly clean, while tho eii_ ii is iieiiig used _exienii-iveiy ,is uncooled cream had in most cases an i-Bed im. dairy ,md bmi ,miiie_ _md im,

nnpala-table flavor; sometimes it was ii

ogs and shee. Many pronounce ii

cheesy; ot `other times yeasty. equal to ordinagy corn silage. Pomace

it was also shown that the use of a

cooling tanks reduced the bacterial ii

count of -the cream by 35 per cent and is

cut down the number of yeasts and i molds by '76 per cent. When it is con- i sidered that yeasts and molds are the g causes of most of the unpleasant flav- ors. and the rapid deterioration of but- Q ter, the importance of -this item is h quite apparent. - _ " o

I

Quality of the Butter _ u

~ -i

_The butter made from 'the cooling- n

tank, and the no-tank cream,was care- 5 fully scored by two sets' of competent a judges. The important and convincing f feature of this part of the experiment t

tank cream butter scored uniformly e higher -than the no-tank product. The a average of -all scores was 90.69 points s for tank cream butter,and 88.86 points i for no~tank cream butter*-a clear dif-

lso has a distinct value as jelly stock ecause of its pectin content which not impaired by drying. Frequently

he pcmace is repressed, the result- ng juice being used for making vine-

ar or jelly. Fresh sweet cider and pasieurized hier are highly recommended as a ealth drinkby eminent physicians nd scientists. Sweet cider is a tonic

ral sal-ts and acids of special value

as well as a nutrient, containing nat-

n

the correcting of stomach complai- ts and liver and kidney' trouble. Pure weet older can readily be made av- ilable as a delightful home beverage

he year around and is far superior to'

_ he ordinary type of soft drinks. Che-

was, that in all __cases, except one, the m

ical preservatives should be avoid- ll, but 'pasteurized to one hundred Hd iiirly degrees for two hours and ealing _tight is effective 'for prevent-

ng fermentation. ‘

011.6 Of the staple food products

ference of 3.83 points in -favor of the from waste apples that is in univer-

RIIEUMATIC PEOPLE

sal demand is cider vinegar. Pure cid- er vinegar commands it premium on the market.

In the process of transforming cid- r into vinegar, two distinct fermen

e - _ tations take place. First is'the virlous

CAN ONLY FIND REI-ICF BY EN' or alcoholic fermentation which-is the

RIGHING THE BLOOD

Rheumatism is a disorder of_ the

blood. lt attacks people when the blood is overcharged with acid and impurities. thus setting up inflamma- tion in -the muscles and joints. Wet weather or cold weather of autumn

b t .

th ` `

m

may the tortures of

the cause The and the blood

alady have

first _dull

followed '-dash* and

u e

of

reason f_o

fear -t

he limbs

pains these

the

leave the

changing of the sugar of the cider in- to alcohol, caused by the action ‘of certain natural yeast bacteria. iSe= cond is the acetic fermentation by which the alcohol thus formed is chan- ged to vinegar acid or acetic acid, The’ alcoholic fermentation ms-y be nccgl. erated by the addition of yeast, using a cake to each five gallons, dissolved in warm water before adding. The acetic fermentation is also aided by the addition of good vinegar contain. in! some mother of vinegar. It is im- portant to _allow plenty of room for air in the barrel during all stages of fermentaition between sixty' and ieghty degrees. Care should be taken not to start the second fermentation until all the siigarin the cider is changed into alcohol, otherwise the change to.vine-' giar will be retarded or prevented sl.

together.

Boiled cider. fi*-here exists in this country a pot-

ential -market for boiled older rim; would consume'-a hundred times- the llmillii HOW ilroduced if the produce °°liN'0|lly he obtained. -Boiled cider is the fresh Juice concentrated J- by dyinorltioa in the ratio of five - 'io_ii_c redniiod to one. in this .F _ remgn la o. perfect stateot. s- ‘lervatioh-foi' years. It i|`d_srk ‘ M in color and of a nyrupy cousin lacy. It init an extensive ina been calm..-_ iqtliv ana in taojnfonen, »»9_in¢~¢,. P9‘?‘°"y '|°_|".'W1°, for makin’ mince -ment and apple -batter as wel as hav-

; ianititude oi _elim culinary juris.

J.-.

ions. Para and quarter sufficient ap-

have been disposed _of last spring but in case this was not :lone do away vitll. them no\v. Even if they were ulled then, go over them again now and see -that nothing that \vill not likely produce is retained.

\ C

ing the hens that you intend to keep do not take those birds that are look- ing clean and well feathered but rath- er those that are more or less shagigv in appearance. The ones' -thatare still moulting, they are the layers; those that have moulted and have a nice new

lilyBI‘S- They quit laying too soon and had nothing to do but grow feathers. This explains why they have their new coat before their more industrious

These should be carefully handled,

Pullets that are but half gl)wn_or

that will not be matured for months yet should ber culled out with the cock- erels, crate fed and marketed. Such pullets will 'be a bill of expense all

‘Crate Feed Surplus. No mat-ter

w-hat\class of birds that are culled

Grandma Uscd.Sage

Common garden sage brewed into a eavy ea w D .

f d d

though, is troublesome. An easier way is to Bet a bottle of Wye_tb's Sage and Sulphur Compoundat _ony drug store all ready for use.. .This is the old-

_-_ .1.-.-.-.~.-.-_-.l_-_-.».-_-_-.v

m butter substitutes. and im o d a' le' `l "oiilered. ` I . ' " wants ' e s c b i , » Y izeréflztvggorizg iii)___ii_¢;_in;i;ri)1i‘eli,_>elt;t;ii?a_i' dlxiéluiigis-Eiiimodmeiligeiz; protdiigts are high'i‘;3’;itlr)';a'"_|‘§y Wli1:itEin'_iilt ohtceiliitbk kglfjp phgiilig fhgelwliigiinzgigiiyyfn Zithlggcilili particular necessity °f mu f°" °th°"

f _ ' e o euerous an en . ' r os or ~ 1

oduce _by `P\'0Dei'ly cooling his sugar-gmtent of nipples is? therefore, hgzgl oltilrgiiairtpblaniu elfgve belgne pre? tag bg! in c?;e‘;rbi?t\sidg.y liriicktxhg price °f l“h°r has "sen beyond me BUD. on the other hand, meets with especially acceptable. . An extensive po;-ed by the Poultry Division, Experl- colder parts' of Canada, such as the a e approval of the bulk of the con- series of. experiments by the United mental Farm, Ottawa which will be prairie -Provinces and t-he Northern e mers, and is considered good but- States Department of Agriculture re- gent on application to those who will parts of Ontario and Quebec, while i.

"- In 95°" tml BXD0i'lln6nt has suited inthe dev0l0l>U10Y1t Of H m°Ul0'1 promise to return each month a copy it may be .possible to winter outside

_B _H mem _hands tha the _Bw cans _win the matter of market returns, the five ounces of powdered calcium car-‘ - ‘ cel-lar wintering,

sible to winter outside if suiliicient

.ki Q . ' ' . ` ~ - -

START THE poi)-i_-i-Ry VEAR €v‘;;_e;’_g__§5 5_i"°;’;`;§°’;_'i'9;’_:dt_\:‘_; Sa‘*;‘_`__t° break. The average loss of bees in_ is insoluble it is in the inéolubleiorm.

R_|Gi.i-i- 9 a -Wa er the cellar is nil against 5.4 e t I - re ion outsid wi ter] t ‘ D r can ments nitrogen, phosphorous and poi-

assium are either present in n soluble

g s, e n ng appears o

b all d lla

. e equ y as goo as ce r winter- store doe i _i ii diff _

Th(E’;)l:$i|__’_'_1e“tal Farms N°t9~) iiiilg- _ _ ' ence;s for ihelocelizigwit Tig; 21,3 11?; form or in it compound that is rapid-

e y year should begin The first essentials for success-ful against 238 iiis iorihose in the cases i

_1_;T_i_>)\;1n_i>_e_;‘u_1idsti_eActu_t_l;;t t_ii_neththe ollii wintering- inside are that the cellar »i-he a,,ei.a`g_e`niimi,_ei. oi combi cover; S orels divided from tho pallets senior? Wshqlualfli he iweu tiriiiulatted again# the ed in the Sprmg “h°""“ an advantage-

ii “’|""“` °"5 U 0" S 9 emPe"9° mes- 1 for those wintered outside, being 5.4 pu els selected from the flock and should he dark and dry and the tem ii ai 50 it ii P

*Gull the early moulters. In select- 'to 6 inches of packing on the bottom

coat of feathers were not persistent' Before deciding which method to

sisters. ivisable for him to use it, especially

Early Pullets best. iélelect as winter _lf .he has only a few colonies. Under

layers. the early. well~maiured bullets. ‘other conditions ll may no easier and

Dui lliib ih€`il° OWU HQUBB. led WSH and win-ter outside. There is more labour given every opportunity to produce. iotthgl-led to packing bees in the flip

Wilfffil and Shfiulil "Ot be kept 0" lm'-'i'.a rule, bees packed outside do not QXCUSB- ineed attention from the time they are

A ' * ' aff'-'s§§'§fi..f§§t.‘fi 'hiffieroffsliarhiii

it oainsioc r' l ai the

SHE M_ixED SULPHUR wi-i-H i-i- -i-o those wlntered outside. being 5.4 as

_ quadruple cases with planar shav-

R5aT°RE cglfiiqisggoss You 'ings used as a packing, and an eight

TH _ foot board fence as a windbresk. The

h' t ith Sui har added wiiinii -against 5.4 per cent for outside,

turn gray hair, streaked and a e _ i _ i _iii ha" "°‘;“'"“"’ii"“,’i" ""'fvii§“"‘i‘_;’§"‘°5_ hl';wwnnsmc;l1.:id iii`;r.°.’:fgei§lnst" 23.; _ Justitmer' ig” C: (mr is pindfiig lbs. for those in the _oas'es. The av- gfxaaednoi, gi_;';',“~ Mixing the sue' erage number of combs covered in

' an advantage for

Tea and Sulphur recipe at home, “W “Wing “MW” ._

._ il _

- -- A ii 15 h the been were remov-

gimi,°ihr°°f‘iEi;:gr?i¥;i‘xs°_d by me addmonplinfrom tvlvleegeliar. ‘It has also been

wiiii, ,,i,i,y_ mi’ faded ii," i, ,wffonnd that sealed) hhave. given sinful, we all desire t'o~ retain. our_U°*'f°l’ \'°,¢“"° at "“ l ““ "9"" youthful appearance and attroctlvdiventliatlon, also that 8 inches of pack- nenw-1iy_aorxeni_ _ 'your noir witli iris sim as 80011 \‘°li\l¢l ll 0 "'°i1°°- wyggiifg- gig,” an ,guiiiimii l}¢,m.| ln comparing the above dgures, it oouiiiipno one can to "because it nous will be found iii" *\°".° l' ii ¢f°°*°i' it so into-ally. so :hi-ry. You nm risk of 1°" ffm imillde _'interlea- ilamreii .1 sponge or soil omit with it especially donna a cold winter as an\i“¢i`i¢e_.w this througlryour hair, tak- in 1Ul’l118, when our ions oocurrgd. ing one small strand at a time; by that the txansumvfibfl U! stores if- morniiig. all gray hairs. have dino- fern' but very little in the two moth- psared. ami. after another _application ods. Also that the bolis-_wintehd dnt- 'or two, your hair becomes beautifully side were somewhat ‘lirolilbr - lil ‘U19 curls, glossy. soft and i\'ixur_iant.~ '

Dirt liiifi Winter qiiarters. perature should be regulated so as to fisgiiiiis nge iiikgif irgmceggébefheii

.

____lItvo_l(i__t khcsp o_l_r_i iiens. Only the best _stand ut 48 degrees to 50 degrees F. _when me bees- were packed oiiisi,ie_ ear e__ ni; a are one and a half ,Very little ventilation is required. and Ai),-li 15_ when the beehwei-6 re. _c Y a of s ould be kept. Most of|’I‘he bees should not be disturbed any moved fi-om the cellai-_ 1; -ling nl-4-; i

them with all the older ones should _more than is absolutel-y necessary been found that seule covers have peits on a graded and selected basis.

during the entire winter. For outside wintering, cases can be used that will hold one or lnore colonies", one hold- ing‘four colonies appears to be the most desirable. The cases should be large enough to allow from 3 inches

and four sides, and about 10 inches on top. For packing, either planar shav- ings, forest leavesf or chaff, can be used. There should also be a wind- break around the apiary. An ever- green hedge or an eight foot _board fence are the best. _

adopt, the beekeeper should study his conditions and what he has available. If.he has a good cellar meeting the above requirements, it would be ad-

cheaper for him to. build cases and

and unpacking in the spring than there is in carrying the bees into the cellar and out again. On the other hand, bees' in the ,cellar will need more attention during the winter. As

packed until they are unpacked in the spring, whereas the cellar will need cleaning up ami temperature regul- ated throughout the winter.

Both methods of wintering have

eeswner aepace n cellar beneath the Bee Building. and

average loss of bees in the cellar is.

while the consumption of stores does

those wintered outside. being 6.4 as against 5.0 for the cellar. These fig- iires are taken from October 11. wlipu the hee were packed ‘outside, and

_-;.f.-si.-:ff -.1 _-_-.-.- _-.1-_-_-,~_-_-_-; -vw .- -_-:_-rf.-::::.-.

own that proper cooling of the of making apple table syrup which filled in, Those complying will mo- if sufficient packing is given. it P

cam can readily make all -the differ- produces an attractive aivticle of very_elve suggestions on how to improve Wvllld be Slifer to winter in 'the cellar. ce between which can be classed fine flavor. The process is as' foilows:__¢iieii- i-eiiiiiliy based on thi, info,-mg. in the warmer regions, outside winter- D _ i _ good, and an -inferior product. Stir into seven gallons of sweet cider i_ii,ii’g'ive,i iii .their i-apo,-ii,_ ing appears to be squally us good as M successful wmpem 0" D lm

r proved to be a clear cent better mical-and boil in~ a large kettle five ' wintering inside are that the cellar i

an theaverage price for the -ncn- minutes. lf,a large vessel is not avail- "H953 F95 BREEDWG' should be well insulated against the

nk product. This difference would able the cider may be boiled in bat- POULTRY AND EGGS Viifiitiqs ill Olliiide lSml>0i”8i\1i'8B. il ii oubtedly 'have turned out to be ches. Pour the cider. after boiling, Bllvlild 9 dark and dry and the tem- n

onto,-,' not for the rm that tho- into glass Jars and allow it to settle' I" P“"°h““’“3 was °' “SSB f°" neraiure should be regulated so as to

_ _ onth chosen for the test-August- until perfectly clear, .which will- re- breeding' I “mum pref" t° have birds Stand at 48 degrees to 50 degrees F.

makes hlgahensooring butter which proved to he exceptionally ¢001_ quire about seven hours. Return the '-h°t\We"° “"9 t° me" Variety "nd Very little velliiliriloil is i'edl1ii‘ed.The

_ _ ` clear liquod to the preserving kettle. that could lwld their °w“ 1'" the “MW bees szhould not be _disturbed any more Cream Cooling Tanks bllillg careful not to pour off any of pe" ‘md hm" a "Mk that had a fe" than IS absolutely necessary during

i the sediment. Fill the vessel only cord fm' laymg- ’ the entire _-Winter. For outside winter-

Providing a cream cooling tank on about half full as it foams up when The “°"au°d bred`t°"ay “mek are U15- Cas” 03" _be “Bed *hilt Wm Mm 8 ,iarm need not be ii very eiab0i,_ iioiiiiig Add ii ievei teaspoon of the -too often the off-type birds in a flock. one 0,- more ci,i°nie3_ one iiuiding

e operation. A perfectly satisfac- H1118 Oi’ carbonate for the seven gal- After mm” twenty yen” of breeding f0Ul‘ 001011408 appears' to be the most il

ions of liquid and boil rapidly until o and exh"’m“5 I have f°“"d -desirable. fI‘he cases should be large igii.ii,ei.ai,ii.e oi 220 degrees is _,eache_i_ -that the purer _the breeding _enough ii, aiiow from 3 inches to 5 Ilcrtions-the organic mutter; the soil or until it is about one-seventh of the the “me” "“’ P'°d“°"’- ‘md “mt inches oi’ packing on the bottom and pi-lgliml volume ,md the consistency With U19 9XC°Dtlon of one or two of four sides. -and about 10 inches on top.

of miiiiie ,yi-iii, when cooied miii(iiy_ the very heavily feathered exhibition For packing, either planer shavings. . ami_p0m.e,i from a spasm To insure varieties, exhibition birds are better fm-es; ieiiveB_. or ciiai-i»_ can be used, and potassium, :md this is the ulii. diem- syrup the ciioiiiig must be done 1&y6l'e~i-hill! 'U16 l""`=‘I't0'll1y stock. There should also be it windbreak

glg\,v1y_ A good way iii to set time jars illwilyii l'€‘\l9iIib0'i‘ilH Cari? and med around the npiaiiy. An evergreen lied- -

of syrup lil a wash boiler of ilot water are more than mm 'thc battle' 89 01' 1111 Bight-f00i board fence ure plant 'wxidues'

_ami aiiow the wiioieiq COOL Use this ` -l’i‘en to »twenty~iive dollars would the best SYPUD like any mimi. iabie syrum and be o. fair price, for u cockerei from a Before degidlng which meiiiod io rogen phosphorous und potassium as1i.flavorini§adJunct.Aiso lisa sauce Huck mat had a good laying rec°rd’ “'~l°Pf» the b9Bk°9D@¥` 51101110 Study t . for piiddings and fm, making brown . and at -the some time could win inthe ills conditions and wflm; he him avail. Sonic Hifi'-WT Uf me S011- A" me i`°‘ i)i.emi_ i-_.uit cake_ cm_dy_ em . sllow pen. Pullets n.~iually run half the abie_ if iii, has ii good Ceiiai. meei_ s

Appl, giiitei-_ __ Price of “°°ke"91B fm' 'Same flllaiity- ing the u-bove requirements, it would

Apple butter has long been a stand- Eggs' $3 to $10 De" `n"een~ accord' be advisable for llirni io use lt, es- n

by as ii Staple food and .iiiiiie deiicacy mg t0 the D011 UIPY life 8i\Ul0l'€d pecially if he has only u few colon- . and merits a lilace in the diet of everyi mim'T-A' E_`-Field Marshal' m Can' ies- Uwe" Other COIHUUUTIS it may X family, A favorite ,home recipe is as ‘"1 Q" '°}‘“UYm'an~ ' be_ advisable for him to use it, es- i follows: Boil three gallons of apple ___ bmld “ses and Wiillel’ Outside- D

cider down to one and 0iie_iiaii giii_ _ There is more labor attached to pack- :_

ing bees in the Fall and unpacking

__ _ ples to make three gallons. Pour ove-` , I-‘hem in the Spring than there is in

e cream from at least two _niikingB_ these Sufficient addiiionai cider i_')iW-INTERING BEES -IN CELLAR VS. carrying the bees' into the cellar and t this is not -the case it will be fouild-|.;:°"§" al7P’eS Wen After 0°0kiD§ lllllil UUTSIDE gg; 123:; Oniiihe 0319' hmm- bees in i oesaarrto mix warm cream =1ndTb‘;'iie‘_’i' ;i‘fi‘;_";‘;f_;‘@_§1o_‘i°i_“”d@f-_H1511_aug r --_- during the wlntgfe £038

‘ Own o' es re ' ' ' - o thickness, When nearly done add one (Experinlente.i`Farms Note) packed wtslde do nm need “m’“U°“ and the other is only slightly soluble. *md 0“@'1l9~lf Dill!! Sugar and when 'In all parts of'Canada it is neces- mm' the time may are puked “nm

gi>_ne_ flavola with one teaspoonfnl of sary to. provide. some protection for iggy ii_i‘e \1;t_li;ckeii__i1l tl; Si>i‘ili§»Wh9~ ly soluble and the soil water contains

Sncosn onotensoonful in'.tn b d i tn 1 1 it B 6° 'W “e Ceaiinsulit

im- F01' ni-skins noni? -butter coiinanhmgnthessin greg to ibtglii flisdbevs-3 find _§§§“f“"“t“"e ’“¥“l”t°d *h'°“€h°“i

arse sonic. 11 steam-apple butt lo- uit f in , 'rn' t ti ‘G ” e"~

er should be used. It makes ;rb$1(t(t)er be give-Quin twig wayh? e?iIt?1eercb;npi:i?; B03' msthods °f wintering have with the right -flavor quickly and with ing the whole apiary in a special re- been med 11°F a numb" 0! yea" at

the very least amount ol’ labor.-Mic pository or cellar or by packing the the Experimental Farm' ottawa i » 11182111 Farmer. bees- in cases oiii'iiide_ in iiie coidei. irhehbeefl Wlllfefed ilislile Me 'lllilced the phosphorous and the potassium

parts of Canada such as the prairie iggt in_fegiagsebevI;?_;tg;,eEiheou];?EieBu;f_fié P

' _" provinces ad the northern parts of On- piaéed in quadrupi -Gases with im ;

P tario and uebec whil tma b os- ‘? D‘ `

. Q. ’ .el Y 9 I’ er shaving used as e. ackin and

D Z.

un eight-foot board fence as a wind-

for outside, while the consumption of

d

given better results at Ottawa than H upward ventilation, also that 3 inches a of packing gives as good results as 6 l inches/ d

In comparing the ab vc figures c

ing, especaily durng o. very cold t

occurred that the consumption of stor- p

methods. Also that the bees 'wlntercd

the Spring.-Experimental Farm Note

. __

GARDEN ‘ "

Squash to be carriedsuccessfully

in s'.o,\'a;.:o lnusr. be :VC lnatiired and fr-to from l».'u.rer, broiien st-uns, B- ruts or fr-~=t li-;ui'_v l' one disputes l of the well-cclorod, best matured

well ripened, failure is likely to re- sult undei- the most favorable st tr- age conditions. A squash may be sufficiently matured for immediate use, but not be suitable for storage. In seliecting for storage, therefore, ii pick out those which have had .the longest period of growth, and just here it might be said that -to get a large proportion of the crop for stor- age. due attention must be given to having the plants started early. I-t is well also to turn the squash occasionally when growing in order to develop a hard shell on all sides. They should be handled carefully and placed immediately in s well- ventilated,‘dry, warm room with a temperature around 80 degrees until the shells are hard and dry and then remove to a cool 'but dry light and well-ventilated room. Under such conditions, we have .been able to keep squash until spring in perfect

condition. `

WATEF\ePiWEFi IN CANADA - The subje t of waterpqwer is one of great, interest in Canada. The bene- ilts of' which we have a right to anti- cipate from our wealth in this valu- able resource are being more and

inure tmly appreciated in this coun-_ ry. In connection with the value of

water powers, the Electrical World, commenting on remarks By _Dr. Geo. Otis 8mitb.-Director of the Upited States Geological Survey, states that, inthe long run. the utilisation of water power means the saving of hu- man energy for purposes to which power-driven machinery irnot yet ad- l.pt'ed._ The mere chenge _from steam poviibr to water. power is not only cig-

sprinl. _ _ ._ -_ _

1- ~‘¢ “il

.mms.M»mmi@.%sm_a€smm§.c -sins.. ..-is.;->.r..-;`...i..._.bsart-s-..r.-t.......__ ._ M.

nin'oan_i_of _lower costs in manufactur-

_ P1' _0°.U“ii1§f°d sood butter. it is'dis- ‘fui -tart spi-end-.To please varied tas- ticui-ars on“crate feeding, write the sary to provide some protection for °'° Wide” °f *"““°9°'U“B li- Every W

BEN-ieab_le to the palate of -the rank' i;es_ii; may be sweetened and any de- pon try Division, Experimental Farm. the bees during the long, cold Winter

d file of the consumer, and .ao re- _sired fiavoriug may be;_a`dded. Aready otggwh, months in order to obtairf the best °‘°9~m D0W61‘ implies. therefore.

ds demand and invites competition market at attractive prices awaits all Keep Accounts; We suggest-that ev- results from them. This' protection _

water power harnessed and displacing

ai l`

great band of laborers in the mine

and on the railwa s freed from this 80 i

fertilizer mixture should be .high in

and more useful work. Now that the

wildest dreams of a. few years ago, we re approaching an era when, wher- vor possible. human energy will bc; epiaced by mechanical or electrical ower. ' ' If we are io attain n condition oi'

rotluction that will give us a cbuncc S

i

world’s market, it must be 'through

ower production and all possible sav- ng in the field of human labor. -Tho great power enterprises of the present ay give opportunities such as have ot yet been realized.-Conservation.

A FUNDAMENTAL REASON FOR USING _COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS.

Crops need ihesc elements in an vailable form. ln general iei°rus,we may say that it soil consists oi' three

water, and the mineral portion. The mineral portion has come from rock. These rocks contained phosphorous

o

mate source of these Iwo elements. ii

The organic portion has come i'l'o1n

As 'till' plant substances contain nit-

hese- elements me present in the or-

erve nitrogen in the soil is found in the organic matter, as ihcro \vas no itrogen in the rock nizlicrial. lf a spoonful oi’ common salt isput nto a tumbler of water, it all goes nto solution. li' it like amount oi' owdered limestone is put into the ame ‘amount of water apparently one goes into solution, Bul if this is allowed to settle and a portion of he clear liquod is evaporated, we

11 tl

ti

ll

tored fuel for its more impbrtant us- a es, but it relieves the labor necessary to

m

ll rcdiop to replace the timothy. an ap- pli

out delay.

in Ill

H1 ov

ie

ni breads on the bottom of the oven first so

::.-:.1122-: 7 1* *:;:, , _- -_; _-; 1 _-;;i;;:: _

, . _ _ _ _ _

we pihnts in the Quality- _ot butter. _ By continuing the evaporating pi-o~'out for market. it will pay to iinish cELi.An ve-neue 0U1'e|DE ins and of the saving oi the est-th's plete fertilizer or barnnrd manure is

_ _ may not seem like a big item but it apes untllthe cider is redubsd 'to the them before ki ina. Even with the FOR WINTERING THE BBE8 _B

Im°9”_'-‘“°"° *Pm W°l11¢\ iil>D¢M‘ It itll ratio of seven to one the product be- high prices of. _iced one cannot afford _ ` _ _ gg.. Bllllt. An 88 point butter is no long- como; jail-y, which makes e' delight- to market poor-igtuif. For further par- ln all parts of Canada rt is neces- in mining the Wal and 01° Hiil|S1'°Hi- W°°d° “Um °l‘°Wd|l\8 Wi- .W9 SNM-

necessity. It is. however, for earlier maintain quality, and to Drovent

ben fertilizer is used in the lace of anure. The manure gives the belt 0 _ _

eturns when used on tilled or hood

ps. When dairy hay is dealrald and

cr the stand of aiiske clover is od tba

potash and phosphoric acid. and rely- tively low in nitrogen. A fertilizer containing 2 per cent. nitrogen, 8 per cont. phosphoric acid, and verying ner- ccninges of potash suited to the char- acter of the soil. gives good results and tends to stimulate-the growth of clovors. A high nitrogen fertilizer

ti n

muiatcs ihe growth of grasses, and consequence lessens the growth .of

weeds. Lime is needed occasionally,

erage price' received for tank but- bonate~a harmless, low-:priced che- -i----_l*- The first essentials for successful sw "mst dete""*i“"d eff°"l*' *li Ciielili im

hougll it cannot usually bejused to c best advantage as a topdresslng. uwever, it' it tendency is noticed for

li

cation ol' lime should be made with-

scHooL_ni_n Holm

HOT BREADS FOR COLD DAYS.

(By Mrs. Emily Grant.)

With the cooling of frosty morn-

ings. the i'l'agrunce ol` hot breads. mln- gl fe

ing wiih at uroniu of well-made col'-_ e, gives a iillip to appetite. Muffins or biscuit made with soda r baking powder usually require bout fifteen ininutes for their baking

it hot oven. Muffins or biscuits alle with yeast require from twenty inutes to half an hour in a. moderate cn.

Cornmeal rnllam rvc or whole

. K . . °

wheat muffins lake from five to ten

linutcs longer to bake than those of lo plain wheat, which require in- nse heat to develop the sugary po1'- ons of the wheat. " It is usually considered best to put uffins, biscuit and the other small

that they will rise to their full

eight, then set them on the upper

grate io finish baking and browning.

shall find it vcry small residue, which s limestone. The difference between the solubility of limestone and salt- is

Graham Gems.

also contains dissolved mutter which has come from organic mutter.

E<> .D D »_ -

assium present in the organic matter

ublc, it is inthe soluble i`orm, and

ndustry by marketing the hides and

utermediary agencies through more

it will be found that theige is a great- w _ er risk of loss from outside wlzltcr- the profits will be commensurate with

he quality of their products. a condi-

Winter as in 1917-18, when our los! tion which will prove an incentive to

es differs but very little in the two possible quality.

outside were somewhat stronger in for market is of great importance,. as

- where they are not properly prepared

` _ and shipped they are subject to great

thoroughly 'cured a numbef"of hides

n

--- commonly followed, should place

_ FOR WINTER STORAGE them ovcr some elevated object, such

as a barrel. They should remain there overnight, to drain free of excess moisture, after which thc surplus suit

hides are handled in this munnenand

Sillliliih and -tries £0 KGBD those not thoroughly cured before being ship-

ne of degree. One is very soluble,

il

All rock material in the soil is slight-

8.

his dissolved mutter. The soil water a

P

The nitro on hos horoua and pot

s said to be in the organic form, while G

wsent in the rock niaterial is inthe norganic i'orm__ When any element. S present in a compound which is sol-

when present in. a. compound which

n commercial- fertilizers the ele-

in tc te

y changed into a compound that is lh oluble. _

--Kansas Experiment Station.

reparlng Hides and Skins for_M:-irlket of

th

gi.

,Much may he done to improve the ountry_ branches of the hide-and-skin

ccordin to relative merits, and by

g - .

voiding many ofthe profit-absorbing _

u

irect marketing by the rural produ- U0

ers. In this way coun-try producers

ill not only derive more profit, but V0

it at bu

roduce hides and skins of the best

The preparation of hides and skins

eterioration. The farmer who has sp

nd skins by the green s-alting method D

nl bo

hould be swept eff or removed by horoughly shaking the hides. If the

ed the shrinka c should be rclativ

le

or untii smooth and “bubbly” on top.

th th th Cl'

cu with the dry ingredients.

mi

Silt together one cupful of graham

our. one cupful of pastry' flour, two

iievel tablespoonfuis of baking powder

rounded tabiespoonful of sugar and sultspoonful of salt. Add three tab- spoonfuls of melted butter. an un-

eaten egg and a. cupful of sweet milk

milk and water. Beat all together

rcase a dozen muffin molds, pour in e batter on/i set in a slow oven until e muffins rise to the top of the pans, en increase thc heat to brown and isp them.

Corn, Mufiinewitifi 'Sour Milk.

Sift together one cupful of corn- eal, one-half supful of uour, one-half aspdonful of salt and three-quarters ztspoonful of soda. Bent one egg oronghly, add to it one and one-half pfuls of sour millq and 'combine

Add one and a half tablcspoonfuls butter or shortening melted, _mix

oroughly, then pour in hot, well- eased 'pans and bake twenty-five mites in a moderate oven.

Rice-Flour Muffins. "'

' I

Sift together one and one-half cup-

ls oi' rice flour two cu fuls of wheat

. D ur, lmlii it icaspoonful ol' salt audit

inblesponnful und st half ofbaking'

wder. and one pint of sweet milk, tablesp nful of melted butter and

well-beaten ci-:I-7. beat smooth and

ke in goin-pans or muffin rings.

Heminy Muffins. `

Take a cupful`of warm boiled hom-

iny cooked to the proper consistency, for breakfast mush and mix with it 11 tnblespoonful oi' butter, a hall' tea.-

oonful of salt and. a cupful of milk.

Sift together a cupful and it half of

stiy flour and truspoonfnl and

a ‘ . a half of baking owder and odd radu

i v ' » .

I7 *Z '

y to the liomlny mixtulo. If the ilcd homink is rather thing, a little

more flour may be needed. .

Lastly, udd two well-beaten eggs

old bake in a. hot oven for half an hour. *

_D . 8 - ' ely small when they are finally weigh-

ed at the hide-liousc. if the hides arc' not thoroughly cured, if they have been in snlt only a day or two before

‘Many of the new sleeveless sweat

ers arc slipons with square necks.

Square necks are more generally

salt, ns the hides may spoil.

be sh

C H

hipping, do not remove ony of the

oming than tho more usual V- perl.

MAKING THE PERMANENT GRASS LAND~PAY.

Permanent mowings can be kept`

productive almost indefinitely. The experiences oi’ hundreds of farmers. as well as the published records of our experiment stations, demonstrate

Some oi’ the new suit coats have n rncd-up or cuff round the bottom.

tu

Garments for evening wear continue use a greut deal of ostrich as trim- ing. _

- A smart frock of blue serge shows

to in

this. Annual top-dressing with it com-

a round neck fringed in blue silk.

Yourmen and women who can’t- get

feelin# rightfeeling right-who have headache, coated' tongue, tad taste and four breath, dizziness, caa’t sleep, are bilious, nervous and upset, bothered with a sick, gsssy, disordered stomach and colds. f

Are you keeping your liver and

bowel# clean with Cascarets, or mere- ly elidcking your insides every few days with Calomel, Baits, Oil or vio-

". is

.,,..¢..;..»¢»-.,....»e-e~w»4-»o..u~o--c»-»--e~o~a»-e-e-o-.¢.»¢~s-

--al-..-.o-we-4-»¢--ego--o--a--e--o--¢--me-»»--a»o-o-»o»~o~c-o

D0~N’_T BE A "M|SERY-FACTORY"

Stop Headaches, Bilious Spells, Colds and`Conshpa-

tion with “Cascarets”-ideal Physic! .

ent Pills? _ ‘ _