ll-nnlli-v.

PAGE FOUR}

lTlIE GIIARLDTTEIOWII GUARDIAN

“v '.¢ .. 1. , __ V. ' 1.. ‘>l,‘u\‘“.!l4\‘ 4

“if; ‘Jamal-sin is. .

[noldolb- ca a a. lul. I. r. _ , ‘n JJtIaIy-Llalrrwl. u. A. Iaollnnol, n. a. o.

Editor and lanolin!

C Aaaoelato lfditore-Fraol

' 0e u as i a ll ma. lTl-“uhwilliuylgarun-l- 11-23») roiled“; Trntadn-nndv-llirfieted eltnvtfea.

THURSDAX. JANuAlgv_;g,___19s1

Protecting the Consumer

_ one phase of the discussion which look place between Premier Bennett and members of the ‘rrades and La- bor Congress, says the Ottawa. Journ- al, is worthy of note. it is reported thus:

"Premier Bennett gave a promllfi answer to a statement presented by Tom Moore, president of the ‘trades and Labor congress. that Labor WI; pleased with the Gov- ernment's action in preventing ex- ploitation of the consumer, as pro- mised at the emergency session of i-arliameut in September last. La.- bor, however, had been exploited, Mr. Moore said, and he mentioned tho shoe industry. ‘I was not aware of this,’ the Prime Minister replied, '1 have jus-c spoken to senator Rob- ertson, Minister of Labor, and he tells me enquiry is under way and this enquiry will be pursued.’ "

‘This enquiry will be pursued." Critics of Mr. Bennett may say many thinpof him, but they cannot say that he bl not been actively vigilant In protecting the rights of the con- Inner. A hoary cry against protec- tion is that it is a lax on lhe many for the benefit of the few. It has not been that, or anything like it, under the premiership of Mr. Bennett- More than that, it won't be. If there are

ufacturers in Canada who think they are going to be permitted to sit behind a tarifl wall and enjoy high prices at the expense of the consumer then they are living in a paradise of mist. That was-never the Conserva- tive Partyb ides of protection; and it is least oi all the Conservative Party's idea under the leadership of Mr. Bennett.

The Red Menace in India

India is faced with many dangers, political and economic, wt the present time: but the greatest 0f these is Communism. The objects of the In- dian branch of the Moscow lntema- tional, as set forth in I. despatch rec- ently publishcdinTho Guardian, in- clude armed insurrection, confisca- tion of the properties and businesses established by British and other in- terests in India, and repudiation of

Vloo-Prelldenb—J. I- I

Director-d. B. Burnett Walkm- ald ll. IL. Currie ,

No settlement short of absolute aur- render to Communism is likely to be accepted by the extremists. Confront- ed by them, India. will have to choose between settling with them more drastically than the foreigner ever dared to do, or else letting a. fifth of the human race disintegrate into a confusion of wretched and warring communities.

The Brightening Outlook

Those who permit gloomy thoughts and forebodings to grow out of the existing industrial and commercial depression have probably given no morg than cursory consideration to economic history. It is also likely they have not gauged the outlook for adjustment in a country like Canada. 'I‘rade contractions have occurred in the past and have invariably yield- ed to expansion when the equilibrium between supply and demand had been restored. It is therefore a reas- onable assumption that what has happened in that regard will hap- pen again with some degree of in- evitability. In looking frankly at the prospect, ample ground for optimism is found in two statements of fact made in the January bulletin of the Royal Bank of Cariada- The first re- lates to the numerous developments of water power from coast to coast that were under way at the close of 1930, which will add 2,000,000 horse- power to the electrical energy now available and bring the total up w nearly 8,000,000. It would be sheer blindness to ignore the significance cf SllCh a basis for industrial widen- illg.

The bCCOIld fact is that “new in- dustries are coming to Canada in large numbers, and the number of inquiries received as to the possibil- ities for new industries is unpreced- ented." Coming from such a well- informed source, a statement of that nature must be accepted at its face value. The character of these prospec- tive industries is not disclosed, but. it has been knownfor some time that

debts. The strength oi the Commun- ists in India is not definitely known. The nature oi their propaganda, how- ever, leaves no doubt as 1o their pur- pose. The first war of the "haves aild "have-hots" came in Russia; China‘ followed; India as the third arena of this struggle would present a spec- tacle alarming not only to British prestige but to world peace and se- curlty.

It is widely believed that itwould be impossible for Great Britain to "walk out." of India because of her naval commitments and her trade in- terests. This, according to an inform- ed writer in Current History, is not the case. A glance at the map will show a. rock-bound coast line of 6,000 lib. ills to a naval power. All that Britain needs to safeguard her communications with Australia is to hold the one good harbor in the In- dian region, that of Trincomali in Ceylon. She could do this, or she could hold the Maldives and Lacca- dives and have all she required and never botbl about India. As to 31-1‘- Hs investments, these would be safe enough unless India relapsed into complete chaos. An India. which re- pudiated her debt on her railways and canals and roads would be financially ruined. She would find no lenders when she asked for money, as she would be bound toask before long. As for direct ployment, there are at present about 3,500 British officials in ell thg higher services put together, another 3,500 British officers in the Indian Armyoflcmooomen, andan- other 300 sergeants (ex-soldiers of the British Army) employed w drlll and instruct the Indian Police. The sud- den withdrawal of these forces would in no way help India to rehabilitate herself ls an independent country- It Iflflfl simply mean bloodshed and misery inside India and the loss of British nix-rennet and renal-Moll with the outside world-

Tbe settlement cf the political problem between India and Britain is thus seen as a trifle eomvam! i0 the problems flat are already loom-

Wcciully in the United States. There

dance offered in support oi an investi-

‘ll Sir E. Hilton Young sent personally

duce fifteen aflidsvits in support of

the tariff changes of last September have stimulated interest abroad, es-

.111: other bases for encouragement. The situation as to available capital, for example, is important. A steady grzuvth in the economic structure has taken place because of the rising vol- ume of money seeking investment; and a glance at the official bank statement for any of the recent months reveals the exceptional accu- mulation of notice deposlLs that has taken place. It has a direct bearing on the outlook for an early adjust- ment oi the existing commercial situ- ation, and in a larger sense on the probability oi‘ industrial operations on an unprecedented scale. The an- nual reports of‘ leading financial in- stitutious strongly support that view.

Slave Labour in Russia

Premier J. Ramsay MacDonald's refusal to stop the importation of Rilsalan timber, the product of what is practically slave labor, into Great Britain, has a direct bearing upon the industry in Canada. As Sir Rob- ert Donald, the well-known journal- ist, has pointed out, the British La- bor Government had an opportunity to assert a principle of justice in ill- dustrial policy. and at the same time to rationalize the timber supply of the Empire.

The Premier's refusal on the ground that the charges of forced labor had not been substantiated is difficult to understand in the face of the evi-

gatlon which he also refused. On Dec.

to Mr. MacDonald a long statement made by three Russians who had es- coped from the convict labor camps near Archangel and who testlfied that the timber now being exported from Russia was produced under condi- tions indistinguishable from those at- tending the worst forms of slave la- bor. tater Commander Carylon Bel- lsirs, MR, wrote that he could pro-

A ‘.' .. paper points out that Library coats that city about forty- two cents for every inhabitant per

v is getting its library service-not the best library service , '“ , but the beat possible under the clrcumstancekf... less than the cost oi one movie ticket per person per year. Ii the people of Vancouver would only give another movie ticket, they would be surprised at the improvement the additional fund would make. Other cities might well think this over.

There is a touch of real comedy In a comment on the elections by In- vestia-a government mouthpie there are no other kind of mouth- piece: in Russia-in which it invites "frca criticism," so long as it does not emanate from outside of the communlstlc party, and is kept prop- orly within the bounds oi that party's policies. We can imagine the kind of "free criticism" that is being per- mitted. "You may shoot, of course, but be mighty careful you do not hit or hurt ‘US’ in authority" is what it means in effect. It la very much like the consent given by an indulg- ent parent _ to her daughter, who wanted to swim:

Oh, yes, my darling daughter. Hang your clothes on a. hickory

limb;

But don't go near the water. Following a move originated by Premier Bennett and Hon. H. H. Stevens, while they were in attend- ance at the Imperial Conference, nnouncemerit is now made that the Federation of British Industries is sending a deputation to Canada. in discuss with industrialists here and the Government means of “ration- allzing production between Canada and Britain." The proposal, which is. a commendable one, is that British and Canadian manufacturers, instead of competing with each other, should seek rather to co-operatc with each other in service to the British and Canadian markets.

It has become fashionable to decry Democracy. Democracy. working through a gradually extended suff- rage by means oi representative gav- ernment, has been tried for only: century. It is an experiment, still in its infancy, bound to stumble and falter and blunder for many years to come. The one overwhelming argu- ment ln its favor is that in a hundred housand years mankind has not found anything permanently better and certainly not in the arbitrary tyranny and despotism of Lenin and Mussolini.

To restore order in the vast Re- public of China with its few roads and many mountainous areas, is doubtless a formidable task. There are however, reliable troops who can now be used for garrison duty in the bandit areas, and, if they cannot smoke out the brigand lairs they can prevent big scale raids on railways and important towns. Brigandage on the scale now practiced in China can only be worn down slowly, but returning prosperity will do more to break up the robber gangs even than military action. Horrible tragedies will be enacted, and it will be fortun- ate indeed if foreigners go unscathed. Tlieso things follow in the trail of war and it will take months for the great storm through which Chino. has passed to subside.

There is no use in pretending that. lilo Communist Party is a. political organization attempting to bring about a. change in the world legitim- ately. The literature and instruc- tions sent out from Moscow and pub- fished in Communist organs, and the activities of the Reds themselves, justify the conclusion of the Com- mittee that “all the Communists in the United States expect to do is to collect into their organization enough fanatical, desperate men and women to strike at strategic points-such points as they mentlim in their pro- nunciamentces as key industries-and to inaugurate a reign of terrorism and bring about an armed uprising."

An announcement by a radio- ongineer in New York is interesting. He says a new development in radio- televislon may before long enable us to photograph the images borne to us on ‘beams of light, not only at the moment when they impinge upon the visual nerves, but at successive stages of their journey through _ space. He holds that, just as radio sound-waves are suspected of travelling to tho moon and being reflected back to earth in some small fraction of a. second, so radio lightwaves which, in the early days of human history, started on their pilgrimage to the ultimate boundary of the universe, have been here and there stopped in their by celestial bodies and turned back, eventually to find their way to our planet again. These light-rays the experimenters in tele- vision hope to capture, so that the news-reels in the moving picture theatres may yet show, not only the great ones of our own day, but figures of ancient history and of

_ ,

unassuming; vi illsiilsiittilill when

mxthvlm an

.1 iialiifvi». ' .

Notes by the Way

‘ home whenever it is needed is worth

MD

PASTIUIIZING MILK AT HOME

It seems but s few years ago that mothers oft young babies or very small children dreaded the summer or hot weather, blaming the heat for the large number of deaths of young children which occurred during the summer. As a matter of fact it was not the hot weather of itself, but the fact that mink was not as safe in the summer that was responsible for so much diarrhoea. colic, or summer complaint. The safe pasteurized milk now sold in large cities is sometimes expensive and metimcs not even obtainable, and Yet only clean milk is safe milk, milk that is free from the organisms that cause irritation of stomach and intestine.

Consequentl to be able to get clean safe pasteurized milk in the

much to mothers.

‘Therefore the method of Dr. Lloyd Arnold, Univerlty of Illinois, where- by mothere can themselves - sac milk for the baby is worth knowing. He says "If it is desired to cool the milk, we have determined that one quart mason jar filled with milk at 145 degrees It, and placed in a large pan of water, can be cooled in thirty minutes.

For the pasteurization of milk the following equipment is recommended. (l) Quart vacuum bottle, (2) Two quart enamel pan, (3) Thermometer with rubber protector over it and be- tween 100-200 degrees l". (i) Rubber stopper. The method is as follows. (1) Boil a pan of water.

(2) Scrub vacuum bottle, ther- mometer and rubber stopper with kitchen cleanser-scrub well.

(8) Fill bottle with hot water, Fill it carefully so it will not break, and then put the rubber stopper in the neck.

(4) Do not touch the end of rub- ber stopper that goes into the neck of the bottle, with your fingers.

(5) Leave the hot water in the bottle for thirty minutes.

_ (6) Now heat the milk to 145 de- grees F., and use the clean ther- mometer for stirring.

01> When the milk is heated u» 1o degrees F., pour out the water and fill the bottle with the hot milk. Do this quickly.

(8) When the milk has been kept‘ in the bottle for one hour it is safe for drinking. It can be kept in the bottle for eight hours and still be sweet.

Why do I quote this method so fully?

Because like other physicians, I have seen the terrible effects of un- pasteurized milk, the intense suffer- ing of little children, and the loss of many young lives.

An investment of Three Dollars‘ for the equipment above mentioned may save the life of a loved one.

LOST LOVE

l-lis eycs are quickencd so with grlcf, He can watch a grass or leaf

Every instant grow; he can

Clearly through a flint wall i-ce,

Or watch the startled spirit ficc From the throat of a. dead mail. Across two counties he can hour, And catch your words before you speak.

The woodhouse or the maggots weak Clamor rings in his sad car;

And noise so slight it "would surpass Credcncez-drinking sound of grass, Worm talk, clashing jaws of moth Chumbling holes in cloth:

The groan of ants who undertake Gigantic loads for honors sake, Their sinews creak, their breath comes thin:

Whir of spiders when they spin, And minute whisprieng, mumbling,

sighs Of idle grubs and flies. This man is ickened so with grief,

l-ie wanders god-like or like thief Inside and out, below, above, Without relief seeking lost love,

-Robert Graves.

midi; i

lliiIiIiRI‘ KID N EY

J

THE CH'ARLOTTETOWN'_(_‘.UARI_)HIAH g

_'a-

The Sit. Lawrence Deep Water-Way Problem

By George J. Armstrong If.

As stated in th previous article the question would arise as to the pos- sible effects upon the Railways. In studying the fixed charges on any na- tional work of this character, it is a. most natural feeling to seek out some method by which the direct benefic- iary (traffic which moves) can be made to bear some or all of the cost. The reasoning justifying such a hope ls direct, and has certain merits, but it need not be elaborated on account of its obvious nature. Tolls, oi.’ course, would be the inevitable and direct result of the application of such reasoning. It would therefore be pertinent to examine the tolls question on account of the somewhat widspread belief in the advisability 0i toll collection. For discussion the subject may be divided under several heads. The question is, has Canada the right by present treaties to col- lect tolls on Canadian canals of eith- er an "equilateral" or a discrimina- tory nature as between United States and Canadian traffic. Assuming that Canada has such a right would it be to her interest to collect tolls? What would be the benefits and the prob- able disadvantages of such a. course of action? Then again are "free" can- als hasically unjust‘ to the railways which are competitors with ships in transportation?

By the 1909 treaty Canada must ex- tend "equilateral" treatment in all canals connecting boundary waters. This treaty is revocable on twelve months notice. In the purely nation- al canals it is probable that Canada has the right to apply discriminatory tolls if desired. The question is, would it be wise to collect such tolls? The principal point in favour of such a collection is the beneficial effect on the national budget. This would per- haps hasten the redemption of the waterway debt-

The probable opposition t0 this would be the uncertain eilects that tolls have of bringing about possible traffic diversions to competitive

s

' JANUARY 29, 19;,

economic development of l" a united Dominion". . v v

In keeping pace with these Rder- aliy aided routes other states agen- cies, provincial, county and munici- pal wem abolishing road tolls and develwllll’ the free highway systems which Ire now.» abundant and fruitful of benefit. Willie the motor- car gave wond ful encouragement to road development it was really but a keen stimulus to a movement already under way. Again, one lees public policy providing free highways for the comfort and convenience of the general citiaen. In the oases of cen- ale, and loads, public policy has probably eryatalind to this point. Coming a step further it is frequently argued that when railways are made to purchase their rights-of-way, con- struct their lines, and thereafter provide maintenance, a free compet- ing canal route may be unjust and discriminatory. Those who suggest this view state correctly that the finished canal and the completed right-‘of-way on a railway are anal- ogous. Ship-owners have free access to a rightofway, while the railways have to purchase their lines. Yet they are competing as common carriers. There have been ‘suggestions from time to time that it would be an equitable thing if all railway rights- of-Iway were constructed by the state. At Chg inception of s " Y! this mo- tion was definitcly- put forward with ‘the further point that the right-of- way should be available for the free use of any citisen who cared to pro- vide the neoeaaary equipment. This notion has disappeared and the doe- trine of the complete v ‘ ‘ - and operation of railways by one author- ity grew and became established. Ap- parently no judgment can be made on injustice on railways by Canals as far as the Canadian case is conoem- ed until the effect of public policy has been assessed.

(To be continued)

Robbing Posterity

(Sir Ernest Benn in the Sunday Times)

London

Insurance in force - Insurance issued Assets Reserves Income

n a a q

Copy of complete Report

Head Ofioe: Toronto

1930 Surplus Earned l, Largest . for Continental Life

The figures below, which indicate the pasizion unaided s: 31;; December, i930, fully justify the words of the Pneidene, yhg l; ‘h. Annual Mooring of the Company, laid, "We have been able to an; daeough a trying time bigger, stronger, sounder» than and‘, wig], substantial gains in aaaern, rfiorvu, surplus and insurance in fares“.

Payments to policyholders and bene- ficiaries in 1930 (75 per cent. paid to living policyholders)