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there have been three serious break- downs to the Prince Edward Island within the past twelve months, so that it can ho longer be considered a reliable means of transportation with ‘the mainland. ' What can we do to convince the Federal Government ‘that this is an

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emergency, created by federal neglect over the past few -years and now brought to a point where any further delay may prove disastrous? The Legislature called attention to the availability of a big car ferry boat in Michigan, which with minor changes might be adapted to our purpose. There is some suggestion, in a letter from Transport Minister Hees to Premier Matheson, that the question of registry was involved and that in -other instances where exceptions had been made in purchasing foreign boats, there were mitigating circum- stances which did not apply here. We do not know what this means; but if means that the interests of this Province are being sacrificed to pressure from shipbuilding interests in Central Canada or elsewhere, then the sooner we have a showdown on this matter the better. In any case we need prompt asurance that our vital communication link with the mainland is being adequately safe- guarded.

Record Exports

It is encouraging to.note that Canada’s exports of fish in 1958 reached an all-time record value of $155,016,000, or over 17 per cent higher. than the $132,455,000 of 1957. These shipments, according to the official publication of the De- partment of Trade and Commerce, ‘Foreign Trade’, went to 80 coun- tries, principally the United States and Europe. The United States took 66.7 per cent of our fish exports, valued at some $103 million, and European countries (including Bri- tain) 20.3 per cent valued at about $31.5 million; about $25.5 million worth went to the United Kingdom.

The export value of fresh and frozen fish—including frozen blocks and fillets and fresh water fish— increased in 1958 to $88 million, from $81 million in 1957. The value of exports of canned fish, particular- ly canned salmon, also increased— from $16 million in 1957 to $36 mil- lion in 1958, though sales of smoked fish, salted groundfish and pickled and dry salted fish declined. Most

of the sockeye salmon catch of about one million cases was sold tr the United Kingdom and the Un. ited States was the principal buyer of the canned pink variety.

Mr. Dulles’ Retirement

On his retirement as U.S. Sec- retary of State, Mr. John Foster Dulles has closed a remarkable car-

' eer. Expressions of regret at the illness which necessitated his re- signation, and of admiration for his outstanding ability and sincerity, have come from all parts of the free world. Even those who differed markedly, and sometimes heatedly, with him in his policies were ap- preciative of his motives and in- tegrity. Few men have had such a long experience in public affairs, have travelled so widely \or worked so hard end aggressively in what he believed to be the interests of. the ; United, States and its allies in oppos- ~ {ng.Commiunism. What gave him his

‘ mr standing was the nee

amine the military problems of this game.” He does not know Khrush- chev personally, “but it has been said that he is a great talker and that I am a good talker. We, should have a good meeting.” There is no doubt that it,will be a lively one.

This was to be a private and un-

- official visit, Monty _ insisted. It has

met with a lot of criticism, but he was “blowed” if he could see why. A

“Jot of people accused him of having

no political sense, and he agreed with them. “I never claimed it. But if I have no political sense there are a gocd many people who are loaded with political sense and do not seem to have used it very brilliantly. Look at the mess we are in after two wars and 15 years of peace.”

, Perhaps this is the kind of talk that Khrushchev will best appreci- ate. Wasn’t it he who said, recently, that something would never happen “until a shrimp learns to whistle.” There will be no shrimps whistling in this verbal contest. It will bea battle royal, with no holds barred. Whether Monty will have enough amaunitiation to carry him through we do not know; but he has never .been known to engage an opponent rashly, or without a surprise plan of strategy. This may turn out to. be the most. surprising operation of his career.

cDITORIAL NOTES The French Islands of St. Pierre- Miquelon are to vote for their re- presentative in the French National Assembly on May 10. It’s a long way to cast a ballot. *

A psychologist says that owner- ship of a big car is no longer con- sidered an aid to- social status. If shat is true, makers of big cars may

as well go out of business. * o .

Whatever criticism the federal Liberals make of the Fleming bud- get, they cannot, in all conscience, have much to say about deficit fin- ancing. They outdid the Conserva- tives in lauding’ the advantages to be gained from this policy in com- bating recession jn the general elec-

tion campaign last year. *. *

Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt said the other day that Britain had an ad- vantage over the United ‘States: in revognizing the economic and ul- tural problems of the uncommitted peoples “because Britain has been concerned about the world for a fa) longer period of time than Ameri- cans have.” The average American congressman is not likely to appreci- ate that sentiment. ae

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According to “Wayfarer” in the St. John’s Daily News, Premier Smallwood wasn’t really in his bést form in interviews at Ottawa; he missed some points that he might have made if Ite weren’t so tired. But he put it all over his opponents “The fact is,” says Wayfarer, “that Joe does not have to be at his bes‘ to reveal the inadequacies of the front benches on both sides of th House of Commons. There isn’t 2 man among them that can employ the arts of rhetoric more dramati- -cally or hold audience interest tr anything like the same. degree.” That seems to be the opinion“ of most of those who saw and heard his TV performance with hostile Ot- tawa newsman

figs tar aa nnieniemmiammmmindaaibatageie. emt

THE SHRINKING BIRTHDAY CAKE

OTTAWA REPORT —

Proud Employ

ment Record

By Patrick Nicholsen

“I feel that the confidence of

Canadians in the economic strength and future prospects of Canada is returning.” °

In these words, the Hon.

“Mike Starr. our Minister of Labour, explained his confitience in the welcome upswing in our national employment figures

As we talked in. his busy nvain- floor office in the Parliament Buildifg. a secretary brought to the Minister the latest employ- ment report from his department. If showed that the number of per- sons with jobs across Canada during February totalled 5,547,- 000. This figure marks the high est level of Canada’s industrial activity ever achieved during the month of February, which is nor- mally the month worst plagued by winter's seasonal unemploy- ment.

In fact only four years ago, the year around average of per-

* sons with jobs was only 5,378,-

000, which is appreciably less than the number of persons work- ing in the’ month of February this year, which we may confi- dently expect to be one of the lowest points of the year.

By the end of March, the un- placed applicants registered with the National Employment Ser- vice — that means persons now employed seeking a better job, as well as unemployed persons seeking work—had dropved by 72,460.

MINISTRY OF EMPLOYMENT

This proud record stems from the prior emphasis which has al- ways been placed upon job-find- ing by the Diefenbaker govern- ment and by its Minister of La- bour, Mike Starr.

When that son of Ukrainian im- migrants got his first job as a boy in Oshawa, it paid the prin- cely wage of $5 per week. +t the age of 17; he got work with The Pedlar People Ltd and stay- ed there, rising to be manager before, at the age of 46, he be- came ‘our first ‘‘card-carrying” Minister of Labour, still carry- ing in his wallet his Unemploy- ment Identification Card “Os

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the discus

sion by correspondents of question c.

interest. The Guardian does not neses

sarily en‘orse the opinion of corres pondents

FOR DAYLIGHT TIME

Sir,—The general assumption that all farmers as a class are against daylight saving time is

untrue, I believe that many farm-

ers, including the writer, have no “anti’’ feeling of this kind.

In some ways the farmer bene- fits from daylight saving time. If it is necessary to go to town in the morning for some special shopping or drive in passengers to catch the Borden train, they can be home in time to do a good day’s work. Also if they want to attend some sports event in town in the evening or any other pub- lic meeting they will be home at an. earlier hour.

Why should farmers be so ex- acting about the time? Farmers don’t work by the clock, they work by the sun. The sun is their time piece.

If farmers’ objections to day- light time are based on serious

and important reaso..s, those rea-

sons should be made more wid- ely known to the gener pub- lic; but if they are only caused by the fact that tity dwellers will

benefit more than rural people, ‘then that dog-in-the-manger at-

titude should be ignored.

It is my belief.that more farm- ers than not are more coricerned with keeping in harmony with

the times and in step with other hrogressive centres than the are

about the dew on the grass. ~ I am. Sir, ete. , ISLAND FARMEK Montague.

hawa Office No. 527", which thanks to his hard work and lability he had never had to use lto seek unemployment benefits. The first thing to strike the ,newly-appointed Minister about |his job was that previous mini- isters had set its pattern as “A | Minister to pay compensation to |the unemployed”; he at once set ‘about changing the emphasis. to make himsglf “The Minister to create jobs’’. The history of job-creaiion by the Diefenbaker Government, its widespread make-wor' program and campaign, has never been reviewed from the angle ‘How serious would unemployment have been without it?’’ This plan, to create jobs directly by govern- ment spending, and to encourage employment indirectly by adver- tising and by personal approach to potential employers, was giv- en top priority by the new gov- ernment, It was urgent, since increased unemployment had been forecasted, and had begun to achieve momentum, under the previous government. JOBS FOR ALI THE BOYS Through vastly increased hous- ing loans, the government thwar- ted a slump in construction, and ensured 92,000 man-hours of em- ployment last year; in addition the housing program created work in factories making furni- ture, kitchen equipment and oth- er fittings, estimated at $1,600 per new home. 80.000 man-years of work was

Fredericton

Partnership and moderation were the keynotes of an address on Britain's policy in Central Af- rica delivered at Edinburgh by. the Earl of Home, British secre- tary of state for Commonwealth relations.

“Partnership between the rac- es is the only answer which will bring stability, prosperity and peace to Central Africa,” Lord Home declared. To those whose slogan is ‘‘Africa for the Africans, the Commonwealth secretary con- ceded the point that the black race is indigenous to the African continent.

He: pointed out, however, that ihuge areas of Central Africa were uninhabited and even unin- habitable before the European arrived, ard that all advances in economic prosperity and in civilization have been due to the fact that some Europeans made Africa their home and invested their capital and skill in develop- ment. ‘ Lord Home believes that the goal of partnership between the races in Central Africa is’ both right and ambitious. He cited tremendous advances in educa- tion, civilization and employment that have been made by the Af- rican race as proof that the Af- rican can eventually take his place as an equal partner with the European in a Central African

eweeeelbeneaene

Partnership And Moderation

provided on projects of the De | partment of Transport, such as harbours and roads, and especial- ly the vigorous new airport pro- gram launched by the “vision- conscious” Minister, George Hees. 25,000 man-years of work was provided on construction for Public Works; 3,000 man-years of work was crated by projects of Northern Affairs.

The Municipal Winter Works Incentive Progr’ put 20,000 men to work on the 1,200 projects across Canada in the first group approved. It is impossible to es- timate how many potentially un- employed fathers got work dur- ing the winter thanks to the Min- ister of Labour's “Do it now” campaign. j

Population growth in the work- ing age groups last year more than offset our cut-back in im- migration, so 124,000 additional workers were seeking jobs. But placements by the N.E.S. in January and February this year exceeded 112,000-a seven year round record—and rising national confidence promises to acceler- ate this rate of re-employment.

The Minister of Labour in past governments has seldom been no- ticed, let alone won public ac- claim. It was no mere accident that Prime Minister John Die fenbaker put one of his most ab'e lieutenants and most trus- ted advisers into that sensitive post, under conditions which might have made it a political graveyard for a less able Min- ister. But ‘in that post, the man who once carried a_ lunch-pail himself has succeeded in saving a multitude of Canadian famil- ies from the economic ruin of long unemployment.

Gleaner

As difficulties that have to be overcome, he noted two basic fears: that of the African that the European will use his wealth and influence to stop all political advance, and that of the Europ- ean, that if the African is given power before he is educated to its responsibilities, he will use it to turn the European out of his legal home.

“The task of statesmanship in Central Africa is to reconcile these two basic fears,”’ he said. IN NYASALAND

Defending the means which had been used to combat recent violence in Nyasaland, the Com- ; Monwealth secretary said that the assassination plans of African extremists had to be forestalled if m6derate and sincere Afri- cans who wish to co-operate in partnership with the Europeans were to be safeguarded against ruthless intimidation and given the opportunity to be active in territorial and fedral politics.

Lord Home had also a word of moderation for political discus- sions of African subjects in Bri- tain. He stressed that the Con- servative government of which he is a member is carrying out pol- icies initiated by the previous La- bour government whose course of action in Africa he praised. He expressed the hope that the fut- ure of the Central African Fed-

Federation, in full membership in the Commonwealth.

eration should not be made a mat- {ter of party politics in Britain.

The fledgling State of Hawaii, which Mark Twain called the “loveliest fleet of islands that lie anchored in any ocean,”’ was un- known to the world at large un- til the arrival of Captain James Cook in 1778.

After Cook came merchant sea- farers, stripping the islands of their fragrant sandalwood, Next arrived American . whalers, who caroused on the beautiful islands while their ships wére fitted out for Pacific and Arctic voyages

Meanwhile, King Kamehamehz I, the “‘Nemoler of the Pacific, conquered ail rival Hawaiiar chielg to form a ‘kingdom that

America’s Fiftieth State

National Geographic Society

was soon to welcome another group of immigrants in 1820—

of the straitdaced virtues taught and practiced by these God-fear- ing men-and women persist in the islands even today, the Na- tional Geographic Society says. QUEEN E ALOHA OE The last Hawaiian, monarch was Queen Liliuokalani, who wrote the haunting song. ‘‘Aloha Oe”. Her regime was overthrown in 1893, and a republic was form- ed the following year. Just before io turn of the century, the United States Congress acceded

New England missionaries. Many |

as possible. Then, exhale and slowly work your hands down again to shoulde: level. Rest be- fore repeating. *

No. 2. Swing a rope over a rod, such as the rod for the bathtub shower curtain. Stand straight behind the rope. Grasp one end in each hand and spread your arms far apart.

Inhale while pulling on the

| rope with the unaffected-arm and

slowly raising the affected arm as high as you can. Exhale as you bring your arm down again. DON’T BNED

ercise.

Be sure to keep your feet on the floor adn don’t. bend at the waist. Pause and repeat the ex- No. 3 Roll your shoulders back, Inhale as you raise your arms to shoulder level, keoving your elbows, wrists and hands straight out and firm. Rotate your hands and arms in a circular motion, first forward and then backward. Exhale and lower arms. Rest and then repeat the routine. QUESTION AND ANSWER F.A.W.: Are non-caloric sweet- eners made of coal tar products and are they dangerous to use? Answer: Non-caloric sweeten- ers are not dangerous when used in proper amounts.

and voted to annex the islands. Hawaii became a territory. Blessed with abundant rain and an equable :75-degree tem- perature, Hawaii can grow sugar cane and pineapoles as they grow nowhere else. However, it im- ports much of its food and nearly all its manufactured needs. Tourists, coming to swim at Honolulu's famed Waikiki Beach or to see Mauna Loa, the largest active volcano in thé world, bring in millions off dollars each year. Additional funds come from the elaborate American military in- stallations, including Pearl Har- bor.

Racially, Hawaii is an efficient melting pot. Many bloodstreams, including Polynesian, Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, Caucasian, and others, have flowed together to create the Hawaiian-American— on all counts a desirable citizen. The synthetic nature of modern Hawaii ‘s revealed in the his- tory of things most mainlanders belfteve are typically Hawaiian. The grass skirt is a. 19th-century import from Samoa and is now made in New Jersey The uke- lele, which is manufactured chief- ly in Pennsylvania, came with the Portuguese from the old coun- try. Even the lilting Hawaiian music is full of Dixieland. Pineapples came from Jamaica. sugar cane from many places. In fact, Hawaii originally imported just about everything except the land, the climate, and the sea. No- thing so good as these could have originated in any place but Ha- waii, the islanders say.

EIGHT MAJOR ISLANDS

The impending State of Hawaii is a whole ‘string of islands, all of volcanic origin, stretching across 1,540 miles of sparkling ocean. Eight, lyimg some 2,300 miles west of Saf Francisco at their most easterly pceint, are con- sidered major ones. On the five largess—Hawaii, Maui, Molokgi,

the 570,000 islanders.

Hawaii has probably been in- habited since the 5th century. Early Hawaiians were Polyne- sians who migrated, on the w.ngs of thg trade winds, in twin-hulled sailing canoes from faraway Ta- hiti, or perhaps even the Asian Mainland. ie

BABY ABANDONED

TORONTO (CP)—Police found

a two-week-old girl cbandoned

Monday night in the hall of an east-end apartment building after receiving an anonymous phone call from a woman. They took the 7%-pound baby to hospital for a checkup. .

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Oahu, and Kauai—live most of |.

come lazy. Health and nutritional

continues, the healthful exertion may have to be re-popularized through an advertising campaign. —St. John’s Evening Standard

The fundamental idea of good is that it consists in preserving life, in favoring it, in wanting to bring it to its highest valve, and evil consists in destroying life, do- ing it injury, hindering its devel- opment.

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (April 17, 1934)

The train from the western part of the province did not arrive in Summerside until after 10 p. m. Monday evening gn account of two cars getting off the track of O'Leary. There was one passen- ger coach but it did not leave the rails. The cars were over- turned and a tearm of horses and grappling chains had to be pro- cured to get the cars righted.

The proposed Natural Products Marketing Act was discussed at considerable length at the regul- ar meeting of the Board of Trade last evening. The discussion was led by Mr. J.W. Boultc’. The pre- sident, Mr. T.E. MacNutt, pre- sided. Mr. Boulter stated that those who had watched the mar- keting of agricultural products in P.E.I. would favor a change.

TEN YEARS AGO (April 17, 1949) Preparations are going forward for the final exercise of the first specialist navigators course that has been underway at the R. C.A.F. Station, Summerside, for the past five and one half months The members of' this course will leave Summerside on April 23, for two weeks flying in the Arctic.

Mr. Spurgeon Clark presided at the regular meeting -of the Crapaud-Victoria Board of Trade held at Crapaud last evening. The Road Committee reported that they had visited Hon. Mr. Bar- bour regarding highwa: improve- ment but could get mo assur- ance about the time when the Pavement would be starteed, as no financial assistance had yet been received from Ottawa.

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ecw ne dl Ssaay | 1 Which he was held by President _ 7 Prescribed | ' , who believed him to be 4 newt want ube te Dew | the - State Secretary in After Surgery veak-day moming at 1 Prince Gunes American history and who leaned |. By Herman N. Bandesen, M.D. - . Pantano and Geneeal heavily on his advice in all matters. DOCTORS frequently prescribe | 1% must be assumed that Khre- Spring is in the air. Freee adinn Baily, Nowepepes : Mr. Dulles’ courageous efforts to | | exercises to prevent certain MUS | sichey does not want @ war that | are checking their tacide for t Publishers Association Ps cles from freezing or aching fol- Te of The Canadian Press carry on, despite the serious cancer lowing surgety of various types, | Would destroy what the sacrifices | opening of the speckled: eee. Mone. | condition from which he is suffer- “For the 50,000 American wo- | of millions of Russians have built | son and President Eisenhower esented Nationally by Thomson Newspapers ' men, who each year undergo | and are building. Yet ruthless | gone South for a golfing Adverts Service ing, were commendable; but they breast operations,-exercises gen- | ambition drives him to playing | tion. Cathcart St. Montreal : only tended to postpone the inevit- ame we eticomndly important. oe spikes ory hue fir Carrier ‘Chariotstown, Suminerside 306 per weak able. Now it has come at a time ne” wectaat’ tad aiak ota After a lengthy conference “Provinces and Unite i soo per annum’ ote | when critical negotiations with the Wee is Balen ages gre ogremeer ll bedhnenornc ay " Provinces and United Stales $12.00 per ansum + | ‘The following exercises are sug- . yer reported PAGE 4 > FRIDAY, APRIL 17, 1959. Soviet Union regarding Berlin and gested in a valuable pamphlet | c@Sters. called om the carpet this | Blake, I have PAGE 4 * FRIDAY, APRIL 17, 19 G iy aie chobk ta atart- aa prepared by the Identical Breast’| week by the Board of Broadcast ing af settlement wr 3 Cy : : 4 : ‘iy Form Company ef New York. Governors admit no errors is eminently -+=.-Another Breakdown | .When. leadership is sorely needed. | _”_ a Union programming which is highlight-| both of you.” “Fair, to both * f It is hichly important that a ene | | “Before passing them on to those | &¢ eae *n’ Toll musit;+exploded Mys. Blake,~“f— could — -. Tt is nearly a month now since -is highly important that a suc- | , of you who can benefit from them loaded wh lurid news, com-| have done that myself! What do : . Sad cessor be appointed immediately. ‘eheck | Pounded with raucous advertis- | you think I hired a lawyer for?” . the Legislature, by unanimous re- - I want to caution you to ‘check |i) n5 give the public what it | > w : siluton, urged that top priority be | and slo that the Presigent be pre wi rca rien Ak |e ger good aan | See Some given at Ottawa to our car ferry re- pared to assume a greater control recommends. Tollow his advice | 447s Soar deen decency, is| Roughly 50,000 Canadians wear quirements. Yesterday, with the of U.S. foreign policy than he has also about about how long and | TyOt Poe Owen Sound — wigs of when Maen eee . ‘Abegweit away for annual overhaul, | done in the past. rect ee Pe ns ate ia : ting fact that of this latter num- the old Prince Edward Island was : When doing these exercises, | sabiy inc sl ae on a ber about half are engaged in out of commission with a damaged Operation Moscow — pincer ae Sry Sar eee eae - ee various | branches a he Deakin propellor, ‘and all automobile and Field Marshal Montgomery has do as many of them as possible | tn of an ow Manufac- | ing the hair is a comfnon oo struck traffic with the mainland came | olaborated on his proposed visit to in front of a mirror. By looking | increase a cnuinbuee tc S. the prem hazard.—Peterborough ‘to an abrupt halt. It is hoped that | moscow. Speaking at a Press Gallery waa ores od oe a: fact that in Germany, too, as a the Prince Edward - Island will be | jyncheon in London, he described the matically will fall into the proper ee ane road ' ‘The right of the press to ga- back in operation today, along with | state of the world as “a frigh Position. wlactured ia a dis Gara toe |o ee ee right : : as “a frightful Exercise No. 1. Face the wall | ger than that but a duty; to téll the public the the old standby fer ’ Scotia a; dog’s breakfast ” and said his with your feet close to it. Place ger an at of a cigarette, has truth. The right is the public’s if this h aterializes it i ; hands against the’ wall at shoul- | °come Father popular among | _to be told the truth—and the puteven If tals nope % pose was to have““a sit-down, round- ua , | Women.—West German Bulletin | quty of the press is to get the will be a shaky service at best. As | the-table talk” with Premier Khrush- Inhale slowly while working youF | There are disadvantages to all |2°"S,, “this, the, framework of Premier Matheson has pointed out, | chey and his colleagues, “‘and ex- finger tips up the wall as high the law and without infringing

the other rights of individual members of the public.—London Economist

The Buddhist Emperor of In- dia two centures before Christ, Asoka, issued an edict, inscirb- ed in Greek and Aramaic. It was unearthed last year in Afghani- stan. The edict recommended non viclence, in. terms of absolute re-

iva being, and commanded obed ience to father, mother and eld- ers. From this it would appear that Asoka was born 2,159 years too early.—Fort William Times,,. Journal

The Age Old Story

I will bless the Lord at all tim- es: his praise shall continually be in my mouth,

MORNING LIGET -* |

Now comes‘a time when the sun wakes the walls

Across my garden, turning dark brick red

And slanting light so that it falls,

Like an arm, through my wit dow to spread ;

These shrouded lines with opes

morning.

The light lies on my desk like words

From which I read of flat plains spawning

Miles of flat plains and dis- tance; and birds

In such space where movements spring

Wheel wild in the miles; and I

Confined as a reflected thing

Feel my soul's Shadow in my eye.

_ —Albert Waller, in the New York Times

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