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Another U.S. Headache

With its current involvement in ‘the Panama Canal zone controversy, this is an inopportune time for Washington to get into a dispute-— even a minor nne——with Cuba. And there is no knowing at present whether the Castro government's action in cutting off the fresh water supply to the U.S. Guantanamo nav- al base on (Tuba may not be part of a Comniuni.-‘I, scheme to stir up more trouble in the Caribbean area.

The action was taken in retalia- tion for the arrest of 36 Cuban fish- ermen for sailing into U.S. territor- ial waters. President Johnson states that the Cuban action had been ex- pected sooner or later, and that contingency plans were already In force to keep the big base supplied with water indefinitely. Seemingly a greater threat than the water shortage, however, is the danger of a new American-Cuban controversy growing and involving prestige and cold-war rivalry on the part of the United States and Russia. The Soviets have butted in already, with a warning that the seizure of the fisheimen and their boats off Florida could lead to "disastrous consequences." ' '

The difficulty now is that even if the U.S. wanted to release the Cuban prisoners, it could hardly do so in the face of Castro's threats. There will have to be I trial in the ordinary course. The secretary of the Cuban embassy which handles Cuban affairs in the absence of U.S. diplomatic relations is arranging for counsel for the prisoners, and the Florida authorities have em- phasized that they will cooperate

with the U.S. state department in handling the case.

But it could be that if this source of friction hadn't arisen, some other

excuse would have been found for reviving the old Cuban grievance over the retention of the Guantan-

legally, under treaty: but so was the Suez Canal by the British and French when President Nasser seiz- ed and nationalized it on behalf of Egypt. Castro has always regarded the Guantanamo treaty as an af- front to Cuban sovereignty, and this may have been one of the matters that took him on a junket to Mos- cow recently.

Spurning The Grits

NDP Leader Tommie Douglas has denounced as subversive the rumors of a political merger be- tween the New Democratic Party and the Liberals. It's all I plot by the Liberals, he says. to demoralize the NDP faithful and destroy their party unity. Liberal feelers are gu- ing out to see if unions with the NDP can be arranged provincially and, from that. the Liberal strate- gists would move in with their usual caution towairde federal associa- tion. “But. that is just their way of wanking our morale and fragment-

ing our loyalties,” he warns. Certainly Mr. Douglas and his I lieutenants have troubles enough, without taking on an added risk of this kind. They have been disap- .- pointed at the limited support re- i ceived from labor organizations.

unions. or locals of unions. have de-

NDP--but that is only about one-

cided fomtally to Iffiliete with the

3 I

In the last provincial election in

‘ Ontario the NDP won 8' smaller per- 5 ‘ of the popular vote than the I world.

old CC!’ Party had won in the pre- ceding six elections. In the last pro- vincial election in British Columbia the results were equally disappoint- ing. And in the last federal contest. though running up a million votes in the country, the NDP elected mem- bers in only three of the ten prov- ince. In areas where the concentra- tion of labor votes was formidable -—as in many of the industrial cities of ()ntario—-the labor vote was not really delivered.

In the circumstances, perhaps the Liberals are not as much con- cerned about a merger with his party as Mr. Doiiglas fears. But he is wrirning them off, just, the same. His low opinion of Liberal political moralitv seems to be pretty much that of Mr. Diefenbaker’s.

Mr. Douglas. however, does con- cede that “if the day ever comes" when large numbers of Liberals ac- cept socialist policies, and start fighting for them, there will be room for discussion about a merger. “but not one day sooner." The Tory lead- er dnesn't hold out even this hope of reconciliation with the Grits. We gather, from his castigation of them at his party's convention this week, that he regards them as being quite beyond redemption.

Foolproof, But...

It is ironical that what failed in the latest U.S. “Ranger shot" was thought to be a foolproof mechan- ism in the 328,000,000 spacecraft- a dual device that was both self- starting and capable of responding to a signal from the earth. Some- thing, prc.-‘um:-ibI_\', that the experts took for granted would work with flawless precision. But it didn't, and after a perfectly successful 66-hour trip from the earth to the moon the thing failed to t.r.'«msniit any phvotographis, and the experiment was a flop.

This prompts an excli:-uige to speculate on whether an equally simple switch couldn't fail when America's two first astronauts pre- pare to make a lunar landing. Would such 9. sacrifice, it asks, be worth its cost? There are no infallible men or machines, and there never will be.

But that isn't the worst of It. What if some slipposedly foolproof gadget. set off a nuclear blast and provoked a nuclear vretalliation? Military authorities assure us this couldn’t happen by mistake, but how can they be so sure? The fate of Ranger VI spacecraft, through I mishap of just this kind, speaks for itself.

Up to now the United States has spent $168,000,000 on the Ranger project. only to see six straight fail- ures of one kind or another. And this is‘ only the beginning of the Gemini and Apollo programs de- signed to land astronauts on the moon before this decade is over. The total expenditure will run to some $40,000,000,000: and there must be many people in the United States, as well as in other parts of the word, who are asking how much genuine scientific value there is in so extravagant an undertaking, and how much of the American effort is being expended simply for prestige purposes.

Our Far North Bases

The Defense Department has announced the abandonment of t h 3 RCAF bases at Resolute Bay on Cornwallis Island and at Fort Chur- chill. Manitoba, also the withdrawal of the army from Churchill and the Alaska Highway, the reduction of operations at Frobisher on Baffin Island, and other retrenchments with respect to the maintenance of far north bases.

It may be that this action is warranted on grounds of economy, but grave doubts are raised by the report that it was ordered despite the advice against. it from numbers of Defense Department. officials and despite the vocal disapproval of such an expert as R.J. Sutherland. ii mem- ber of the Defense Research Board who was a special adviser to the De- fense Minister in 1962.

Mr. Sutherland warns. as have others, that Canada's legal calm to her Arctic islands is not beyond question. The claim will be weakened by the impending retreat from Corn- wallia Island and Baffin Island, at a time when great enterprise is be- ing exerted by the Soviet Union in its own Arctic areas which come close to Canada at the top of the

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__ CHOPSTICKS TAKE PRACTISE

* FACING THE CONSEQUENCES

Independence Or Integration?

Canada played I leading role in the creation of the North Al- lantlc Treaty Organization. to which we readily surrendered a great deal of our sovereignty in the field of defense policy. As Minister of External Affairs and now as Prime Minister, Mr. Les- ter Pcarson has consistently, over the yczirs. urzcd the broad- ening of the alliance to include economic and political affairs. If he gets his way, this will mean. presumably, a further surrender of sovereignty on Can- ada's part. t

When the European (‘ommon Market was established. em- bracing six countries. Canadians gcncrally welcomed -the develop- ment. Thcy saw in it. the end of the dangerous nationalism which set. off two world wars. and the prospect. since realized, of ac- celerated economic ;.'.rowlh in Europe.

A few years later, when Brit- aln decided to seek membership in the Market, most. Canadians. including Mr. Pearson, offered warm encouragement. It was obvious that the elimination of Commonwealth prefere n cos in the British market would injure some Canadian industries, but there was a willingness on Can- ada‘: part to pay this price.

ATLANTIC COMMUNITY

In I more general way. Can- adian politicians of all parties have supported the ideal of an Atlantic communily—— an ide seldom defined bul obviously in-

volvng a large surrender of sovcrcgnty. There has been In othe

:- words, I wide acceptance in Canada of the theory that the age of national states is passing and that we are entering I pct‘- iod of interdependence in which supranational institutions will become increasingly important.

This acceptance is further il- luslraled—in reverse. as it were —by the current concern in English- speaking Canada about what appears to be the growing nationalism of Quebec. The idea that Quebec might wlthd r I w from Confederation and set up as r-i separate state is regarded with horror and denounced ‘as economic nonsense.

Why is it that all these theor- ies and arguments are held not to apply in the case of Canada and the United States? If we

Globe and Mail, Toronto

I have been willing to surrender I sovereignty in defense. why do we shy away from surrender of economic sovereignty? If .3 Com- mon Market is good for Europe. why should it not also be good for North America? If economic nationalism makes no sense for Qucbec in relation t.o the rest of Canada. why should it make sense for Canada in relation to the rest of North America? EMOTIONS INVOLVED

To ask these questions In not to imply answers. Politics and

ters of logic: emotions are deep-

ly involved and often decisive. It may very well be that the great

British To

Inn

The death-wish in British pol- . itics seems to have changed l allegiance. l With I general election un- l comfortably , istcr Sir Alec Douglas - Home's {Conservatives are showing the . craving for self-destruction that u. d to be the hallmark of the opposition Labor party. Internal feuds between La- 'bor's left and right once were . the splitting headache of British ‘socialism. Now the Tories are ‘ I hangover head. and with the election likely to take place in four months there isn't much recovery time. is a lpiquani situation. Tra- ditionally. the Tories pride them

I l

party

shocks of last 0ctober’s struggle for the party leadership are

sions of what exactly happened

crown have been published by Randolph Churchill, journalist- eon of Sir Winston. and by former cabinet minister Iain Maclcod who declined to serve under Douglas-Home.

The enimosltlea aroused In the leadership race, so vividly exposed to public view in Oc- tober. provide the emotional fuel for current discords on policy. 5 ‘ former Labor party differences, the split is basically between left and right. The coming election campaign

The Lost Grcicluoles

Montreal Gazette

There Is something I little puzzling about the statement ia- sued by the National Research council that its recent surveys prove that there is no seirloua drain of scientific brain power to the United States and o t h er countries.

Ono survey found that I high -pcrccntage of Canadians I"CC(‘lV- ing doctors dcurces In science from American universities are returning to Canada.

And I Iludy of Canadians who have received masters deg:-eeI in science from Canadian univer- sities showed that I high per- centage remains in Canada.

“These figures show , t e NRC concludes. "that It is not necessary for Canada to send teams to other countrlca to per- suade Canadian scientists to re- turn home after graduation."

Such I conclusion In comfort- in. And II II III the more Iur- prlsinl. in that anxiety over the

drain of Canadian brain power .

has lasted so long. And thin Iri- xicty persists.

Only recently it was cxpresI- ed at the opening of the Noranda research centre at P olnta

Claire. John Bradfield. president or. L . it his I

Noranda Mines . I firm II recruiting Canadian scientists working in all: an counu-es.

Dr. WJI. Gauvln. head of the

-iI.r’.-L

l 50-man research centre. aid two .0! the key position have not {yet been filled because of the * horlage of highly qualified

i scientists in Canada

Back in 1959, Dr. Claude BII 1 Mil. the president of the Univer- yslty of Toronto. Iald It was 1 essential that "we I h o u I (I ‘ make a concerted attempt to bring back Canadians who oc- l cupy scnlor posts in the United I States "

l He said that the University or i Toronto had already had some ‘success in repa-trlatlng Canad- lans. and it Intended "to pursue the policy with vigor." The principal ol McGill Um- verslty ls Ileo of the opinion . that too many Canadian who go to the United stain for higher ; Itudlel may be ion to Canada. This, Dr. H. Roche Robertson I said last November. was one of the reIIonI Irliy McGlII w I I inpenlng III Graduate school of 3 Bitsineal. . The Importance of developing 2 Iecllitlel for graduate may in business In Canada \vII Increa- I ed by the very fact that Io many ~ ganad to the United

graduate IcIiooII hm. never re- turn.

It would Iaatn that the prob- lem at training Canadian In our unlvarelilae only to line them to ‘i other II Itill I Iarloue

one.

economics are not wholly mat- ‘

ose. Prime Min- .

selves on their strong sense of ,

Things have changed now. The I

still being felt. Conflicting ver- -

before Douglas-Home emerged I wearing I somewhat battered I

majority of Canadians. when the chips are down. are emotion- ally committed to preserving the independence of their coun- try. come what may.

But let us make conscious de- cisions about the direction of national policy, recognizing what is involved and facing the con- sequences boldly. Let us decide if we are in favor of independ- ence or interdependence. econ- omic nationalism or economic integration. And having decided. let us design our policies ac- cordingly Ind move with deter- ‘minalion and decision. instead

of drifting and hoping for the I best.

ry Dilemmci

Harvey

.V Canadian Press Staff Writer

. seems sure to be fought on the ‘(theme of I "modernized" Bru- .ain, with the stress on demol-

.for some of its most devoted supporters. it is precisely the -old and outdated that have the ‘ greatest appeal. After sharp differences within “the cabinet, the so-called "young Turks" among the Tories last 'wcck brouglit in legislation to .take some of the sting out of zprice-fixing. This caused con- 1SI€I‘Il8IIOIl among the small to- lhacconlsts and confectioners. I , key source of Conservative vot- ing strength.

Official ‘ significance of the revolt against ;price-cutting. The signs of dis- ‘ may are nevertheless clear and isharlp. Tory -morale ha-s been i severely strained.

With p u bl I c opinion polls showing a clear lead for Labor, some observers wonder whether

ory disarray is partly willed. The whisper in Wesl- minstcr some senior Conservatives accept the inevi- tability ol‘ electoral defeat. and indeed look forward to it as the only way of demonstrating to the public just how bad I Labor government woul .

Meanwhile. internal jostling and manoeuvring continue. It also seems as though the Tories , are determined to go down 1 flghtin.g—among themselves.

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4

Our Yesterdays (From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY - FIVE YE (February a, 1939)

Mr. George Ives was elected Fresldent of the Charlottetown Junior Board of Trade at an or- ganization meeting tonight. Oth- eroflflcers Include: first vice - president. Hugh Paton; second vlce- president. Stewart IveI: Iecretary. John Gordon; treas- urer. George Ayers: councillors, Arthur Wrlizlu. Neil Higgins, Janna Coyle and Keith John. I n.

A meetinsz in the Labourers’ Protective Union hall here to. nltlht decided to appoint I com- mittee to wait on the City coun- cll and ask that Charlottetown by-laws be amended Io thIt,Iny. body paylnz a certain amount of tax II-mere would regain his

vote TEN YEARS AGO (February 8. II“)

The Iaraclt turnout ol voter-I In may your la expected Cl lectot-I_ go to the polle aelect I Mayor and seven Gotta. be an election in every Wand excepting Ward 1 when councillor Artliltt Gonn- I received In

Inapat.-tar . .

Neat Ipaakcr It the monthly WWII’ {Infidel Trinity Metre nwciatloti ton I. Mr. Bonn! was dlllfllllll and

oil Iaou Rev. A. neat Mac-

IAII to IR] . The Iuwlled Ey the xlnI':ug:i'- Oil.

sources discount the .

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Control High Blood Pressure

3 Theodore R. Van Dellen

John had known about h I I high blood pressure for It leart 30 years. It never bothered him and he felt no need for medica- altcr hie 631-d bir-

I‘ II

havior. He was unable to ma declaiona, used poor judgment, and became forgetful and un-

tidy.

The deterioration was caused by hardening of the arteries of the brain. Occasionally, lo n g- Ilandin-g high blood pressure is responsible for arierioscleroaia and the changes usually are ir- reversible. But such degenera- tion often can be prevented by early treatment of hypertension,

At one time we thought the height of the blood pressure was not as important as what the elevated pressure was doing to the organs— the eyes, nervous system. heart, and k id n e y I. The physician checked t It e s 2 structures periodically and the

patient was encouraged to carry on as usual when there was no

high blood pressure from th ginning is the best policy. We have the drugs to do it and there is no advantage in waiting for involvement of the vital organs. By then. it may be too late.

The type of management de- pends upon the p e r 3 o n It lity. Those who are careful and con- scientious can be depended upon to follow directions to the letter. But people who are annoyed by constant pill-taking— especially the alcoholics, the overworked. and the easily depressed-— are not good subjects for In elabor- ate program. They require I simpler plan such as I one-a- day. long-acting tablet or cap- ule.

It might be wise for someone i in the family to learn how to'f take the blood pressure. A daily ‘ reading helps convince the hy- « perlcnsivc that the remedy really works, even though side . reactions may occur. A day-by- day determination is I better ln- l dex of the efficacy of the rc2i- ‘ men than is a single test in the physician's office, cspccially if the individual happens to be up- set that day. In such Instances. the evaluation of the dosage would be based on unrealistic conclusions.

I-INDOCRINE (iI.A.\’l) DISORDERS ‘ M S writes‘ What does an en- docrinologist do? REPLY He is I physician who special- izes in disorders of the glands of internal sccrction—— the pitui- tar)‘. thyroid, pal‘.'llIl_\'l‘Olfl$, ad- rcnals. thymus, pzincrcas. and ‘ the reproductive glands. l)istur- I bances of these structures cause in variety of symptoms varying . from giantism to menstrual dis- or ct-s.

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NOTES BY

The teacher IIIIIII the knowledge of the klndergu-teal

elaaa. slapping I half dollar on