' Barton was Mr. Gardiner's alternate voting

services to the agency.

- Cameron, formerly Dominion Forester, and D. B. Finn. formerly deputy minister V got fisheries. --

Q private citizen have been helping FA0 ”. the answers to the questions before it.

PAGE FOUR

THE GUARDIAN. CHARLOTTETOWN

l

JANUARY 17. 195;

THE GUARDIAN

Authorised ll second Ulul Mlil Post Office Department-. Ottawa. The Island Gulrdlui Publishing 0' CIRCULATION

I'otIi City Zono Retail Trading Zone IAIl Others -.-s 821 Total Net Paid H.013

ucsldeut and Associate Editor, Inn A. Burnett. Associate Editor. Frank Walker.

3.16.5 8.461

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink". V '(-nOAniorTsT5wE7 KNTI171952 F

The Price of coal ,

Who can say what is the cost of coal, inu work and risk, in men's lives and their fam- ilies' sorrow? Like fishermen who daily and nightly wrestle from an unfriendly sea the fish which so readily appear on our tables, the coal miners look upon the dan- gels of their task as being all in a day's work. That, however, should not blind the rest of us to an appreciation of what is actually involved. Indeed every moment of our day we are confronted with luxuries and conveniences made possible by the dis- regard of personal danger by people near or far.

In earlier times people were less com- placent about receiving the bounty of daring. They recognized and applauded the brave spirits who won for them the treas- ures of the earth. The McGregor Mine disaster brings to even blasc modorns something of the same awareness of the! courage and sacrifice which serve our needs and comfort.

A lill Police Force

The difference between an army and a police force is the degree to which the force it disposes of is the effective means of enforcing authority. A police force as- sumes the existence of a strong body of pub-

lic opinion supporting law and order. Force -

is only necessary to keep in line a tiny fringe of the social structure. An army on the other hand has for its purpose the coercion of whole peoples.

The creation of a U. N. force, as ap- proved a few days ago by the political com- niittce at Paris, assumes that the greater part of the world will willingly keep in line with U. N. decisions. The force, made up of contiugents from member nations along the lines of this countryls lead, is a practical proposition only on the assumption of such general support. It might as well be recognized that for a long time to come any full scale war would come to be fought by nations and combinations of nations, the political units which raise and equip the troops.

in Fight For Food

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations will gain by the- loss that the Department of Agriculture incurs in the retirement of Dr. G. S. H. Barton, Canadals permanent delegate to it, says the Ottawa Citizen. As deputy minister Inf agriculture, Dr. Barton had already served a year beyond retirement date when in 1949 he was persuaded to become special as- sistant to the Minister, Mr. Gardiner. To FAO, in the forefront of his interests, he can now give more attention. FAO has

the little added to the loads in the interval,

to insects? Dr. H. E., tion? Dr. L. E. Kirk. ion? Professor E. A. age in Ecuador? Mr. C. B. Davidson. For- estry in Mexico, in San Salvador? Mr. George Bernier and Mr. George Melrose, from the Quebec and B. C. governments.

Canada is certainly pulling its weight in FAQ, contributing its special knowledge of agriculture which is invaluable in the great work this organization is doing;

Gray. Rice produc- Dry farming in Cey- Hardy. Grain stor-

EDI IORIAL NOI ES

It is reported that General Eisenhower prefers to stay out of politics. Presumably.l and we get ready to duck, he would rather be Ike than be President. i

Q 0 O

Irelandls imports of :E205,000,000 worth of goods as against exports of only I280,- 000,000 last year indicate that austerity is a word which the Irish will have real reason to understand before long.

3 O O

The discovery that there are three vir- uses which cause the disease we class as polio should go far to explain many of the mysteries in connection with the scourge, and lead eventually to its mastery.

O 0

It was something of a triumph for Mr. A. Arthur Irwin, chairman of the National Film Board and film commissioner, that the outstandingly effective royal visit film should have been released before Mr. Ir- winls own reappointment.

1! O 10

King's County Board of Trade II.” un- mistakably shown its reaction to the Kick- ham-MacKinnon delegation petitioning g for a resumption of the slow train postal sys- tem. The members unanimously endorsed the attitude they previously took in 1949, which was to be expected from a progres- sive body of men such as they have proved themselves to be.

J C C

It is pointed out, says The Printed Word, that if, as half the people in Ottawa think, there is a general election this year, Mr. Abbott can easily cut back personal income tax to its 1950 figure and make peo- ple feel good about it. On the other hand, if there is no clcction, he can take 10 per cent more than he got in '51 without chang- ing the law as it now is. Some people say Mr. Abbott is cynical. Others say he is realistic. I I I

There is much merit in the proposal to have the eastbound C.N.R. trucks from Charlottetown leave about six in the morn- ing rather than at nine. There will now

either of mail or other goods, and the earlier delivery would make the goods car- ried arrive in time to be made use of in the morning, a decided advantage if it is medicine or machinery parts that have been ordered by telephone in an emergency.

C O C

What civilization brings about in fash- ions! Canadian women cover their ears and let their legs freeze in nylons desig- nated by Paris or New York fashion exl perts; Canadian men cover their legs and let their cars freeze under cold felt hats intended for wear in London. Eskimos, both men and women, wear scal-skin mulc- luks on their feet, fur trousers and loose,

been a major concern of Dr. Barton's from its foundation, and his influence has done: much to inspire Canada's very considerable: contribution to this world agency.

Dr. Barton was present at thc Hot Springs conference called by President Roosevelt in 1943 to provide against post- war food shortages. As chairman of the interim commission that resulted. Mr. L. B. Pearson, now Canada's external affairs min- ister, called the Quebec Conference in 1945 at which FAO was established. Dr.

delegate at Quebec.

Several of the Canadian delegations as- sociates and advisors have continued as active supporters of FAO or have lent their Among them are President H. H. I-lannam of the Canadian Federation of Agriculture, Dr. J. F. Booth, chief agricultural economist, and Mr. J. D. 33 Harrison, Canadals chief forest econ- omlst. Mr. J. B. Rutherford, chief agri- cultural statistician of the Dominion Bu- reau of Statistics, aided a training school in Central America. Dr. E. S. Archibald, Di- rector of the Experimental Farm Service, now heads an agricultural development mis- sion to Ethiopia. Like a magnet, FAO has drawn into its full time work Mr. D. Roy

Many other Canadian public servants

gsuuibnuoiir Mr. Frank Shefrln. - 1 M13. J. Canister... Farm me- 9, . W. Kolbffeisch. Plant

comfortable parkas with hoods to cover the ears. On their hands they wear mitts. I 0 I

Prime Minister Churchill has made it clear and definite that while Britain will support enthusiastically the North Atlantic Alliance and the inclusion of Western Ger- many therein, she declines to merge her army and defence force with the contin- ental army, but will maintain her independ- cnt control just as does the U. Sn In other words, together with the United States. Britain will associate with the continental army but will not be directed by it.

0 C I

The Federal Government are now seek- ing almost complete control of our personal income taxation together with our corpor- ation and inheritance tax fields in return for which they will give increased annual payments based on population and on the gross per capita value of Canada's national production. According to the figures sub- mitted this would mean an increase of some ii958,000 in our revenue from Ottawa, plus another 32,000 in accordance with the Borden-Mathleson agreement.

. I O C

David Lloyd George of Dwyfor, first Earl, was born this date 1863 at Manches- ter, son of a Welsh schoolmaster who be- came a former and died in 1864. David became a solicitor and noted orator and from 1890 a member of parliament, rather as a Welsh nationalist than as a Liberal. The agitation over the I4ords' rejection of his land-taidng budget resulted in the For.

he carried his National Insurance Act. He was a wartime and post-war Prime Minister and on important figure in the peace con.

ference. He died in 1945. ,, ,...,,,,g

and study to understand how this fluonoo has effected our They should try to understand. how this influence has effected our tbinklns. for IIOIII vi

Getting Dgwn To Earth Again?”

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the discussion by correspondent: of questions of interest. The Guardian does not necessar- u s the opinion of wuespondenis.

BACK STRETCH REVIEW

Sir,-Your paper of January 5th in ”Down The Back Svretch" col- umn, contained ii. record of n sev- en heat race won by Devilish Dor- othy at Fredericton. N. .5. Sept- 18. 1913 and was considered the fastest of its kind on the Man- tlmes. In my opinion the seven heat race, raced at the Charlotte- towni Exhibition onscptember 28, 1921 and won by Uscita. was the fastest. ever raced in the Marl- times.

”I wish to congratulate you on the Review as I enjoyed reading it very much,

I am, Sir. et.c.. JOHN B. CHR&STOPlIl:'R Tignish. P. E. 1.

ICE BUSHES

Sir.-Perinit me to cntluife Why the Hillsboro River ice between ML. Stewart. and Scotchlort has not been buslicd up to U115 W-0 date to make it. safe for travellinz in stomiy weather. g

In former years this very im- portant job was left to the Judg- ment of the ice busher for each district. Thcsc very capable men watched and measured the ice forming in early winter and when they decided it was safe for travel. they erected those all important bushes.

For the benefit of those who are not familiar with this pari.lcuiar section, I may say that there are a large number of danger spots on both sides of the river in the form of creeks and spring holes. which remain open even in hard- est frost.

In years gone bye, more than one poor unfortunate traveller strayed into these dcaih-Imps in stormy weather. How much more easily the same thing could han- pen right now!

Some will say. there is not enough traffic on this section of river ice to warrant the bother and cost of this winter protection. supposing this be true. if it would be the means of saving only one life wouldn't it be worth morn than all the bushes that money could buy?

In conclusion I can say author- stlvely. that there is no less than eleven inches of hard ice in nnsv place between these above men- tioned points. and it runs as lhu-is as fourteen inches in some places. in past years it was usually can- sidcrcd safe for bushes at from six to eight inches.

Trusting that this gentle rc- minder will put the wheels ol safely in motlon,andlhan-king you for the valuable. space in your paper.

I am, Sir, elc.. ICE SHY Mount Stewart.

STUDY OF FRENCH ESSENTIAL

Sir. - It is most important that our boys and girls study French for various reasons. We might ask ou:selves. why is France import- ant to all of us? We read in hist- ory thot when the stately Roman lcglons trumped on their way to conquer Goul, os Fronce was then called, they brought with them their language, their lows. and their customs. They built theatres. nronu. ti-iumphui arches, -public buildings and roads some of which hove endured up to the present. Their language, Latin. lived on. too. in the speech of the people of (ion). As the years pused, it. grad- ually changed into wine we know.

as French.

The English language ho: ho!-

rowed much from the French, and through the French has come to

llotnent Act of 1911, the same year in which an

:.'.":'.. henob.tM!

much IIIIIIIICO oi,t.ho Ind. and this road should in t in- till? too.

. tho: on per cent of the intiflh

Old Charlottetown

ii

(And P. l'. I.) . STATE OF THE MICMACS

H

"As to the original inhabitants I Prince Edward Island, accounts re obscure and unsatisfactory. They are a tribe of the Micmac Indians, which apparently derive their origin from the opposite coasts of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. They were formerly numerous. but. from the causes operating against Indian populp- tion wherever Europeans and es- pecislly the English have settle- ments, they are now reduced to it few wretched families.

"As to their character, they of- ford a very favourable specimen of Indian mimners. They are hon- t-st, mild, inoffensive and indus- trious. Both sexes are tall. well formed and even robust. Their complexions are strsbilious, but not very dark, with good European features but expressive of langour and dejection. Their hair is long. black and very course. They are comfortably clad. and wear many ornaments of silver - as coins, crosses and rings. For their pre- sent demiclvillzation they are in- debted to the Roman Catholic reli- gionnto which they have become pious and zealous converts. They live in wigwams. and travel thro' the country like gipsies in Eur- ope...

-From the manuscript journal

of Dr. Edward Walsh. 1803. recent-

ly required by thc Public Archives

Ottawa. .

come the ideas of the people who use it.

Why should we learn French? More than 60 per cent of the words in the English language come from the French. In the Eleventh Cen- tury the people of England spoke a languasze called Anglo-Saxon. When William. Duke of Norman- dy, in France. conquered England nt. the battle of Hastings. in 1066. he shared the conquered lands with his men. who became the rullmz rlnss in England. As a result at the English court and in the castles of the noblns Norman French was the cnlv lnnrzunze snnkcn.

As the conquered English knew no French and the victorious Frnnch knew no Anglo-Saxon they had to find some wnv to under- stand each other. So tlicv used some-f words of one lhrvzuagc and some of the other. As time DIISSEII the two lnnciinizes blended and mud! it new lsntzuarzc -- the and no know as English todav. You will lremembcr how the laninlarze that the Romans brought into Gaul chnmcrl tn I-"i-enr-.h: now one sets how the Nnrmmi-French inna- iinrie. transplanted to England. mint!- lcd with Anglo-Saxon to make Eng- l;sh

In books for children as well as in books for grown-un people there orc sometimes French words and nhrases that are not explained, The authors of the!c books expect their readers to understand such words and phrases without explan- ation. one will have a pleasant feel- in-: of satisfaction if he can do so.

French is a great. help to a law- yer. I professor or I teacher. be- cause knowlnr about Another peo- ple - its history and its civiliza- tion - throws more llcht on what- ever he Indy be teaching, whether it is low, history or arithmetic. one will enjoy knowing French when he hears it sung at concerts at the were or spoken at the movies: or when he goes to Quebec, Montreal or Louisiana or perhaps to Europe. where almost everywhere French is understood: or when he tunes in, on o short-wove ndlo: or when he con rend n French bestseller with- out waiting for on English inni- lnilon to Appear. It in o ii'o'i-'E' of n well-educated person to know more than one longusge. Ono's under- standing of other people and of the world in which he lives will be broader and richer if he knows ll. lull: one lonsullo besides hie own.

As one reeds s French book or a branch nonpsper. he will find many words that look like lngiish. watch for such words. Remember

words come from the French Here

are a number of such words: mm.

b one. Duo. tabla, place. If-um. v

TO AN OLD ARISTOPHENES Three hundred years ago Whose was the scholar thumb That browned your pages so?

Athens is never dumb To any laughter-lover Loosing your mottled cover,

Yet, Aristophanes. For me your voice is mingled with some old scholar": wheeze,

Whose English doublet tingled, While his weak body shook with merriment for this book.

-G. R.o.sin'ever I-Ia.l:n.lll.on. NEW?-W-HT-N'b'i'I'h'o'o'h'o'l-'-55W'b' .

glhc Age-Old Story

'u'bt . iinV 55VA5

As they went out, behold, they brought to him a dumb mm pos- sessed with n devil. And when the devil was out out. the dumb spoke: and the multitudes marvel- led, saying, It was never so seen in Israel.

Dominion Of What?

(The Letter Record) General election for all Canada is quite probable in 1962. Mt. St. Laurent. who is hlizhly respected throughout the nation. is tired of the compromises Bill; trlckerv of a political system in which he be- gun to be active late in life. Liberal Party politicians are anxious that he should lead sno- ther election and then retire. but he would prefer to retire before the election.

Difference to the Liberal Party or these two programmes would be quite considerable. There is not I! yet any sign that the Pro-Cons are making substantial gains. The worst mistakes of the Government. such as its welfare state wasteful- ness. are not known to most of the public. Thus the Government has an excellent opportunity of being returned with B. somewhat smaller mnjority. Retirement of the P M before the election would undoubt- cdly worsen the prospect.

Note that we are forced to refer to a General Election for all Can- sdn. we must not say a Dominion election, and. as Dr. E. A. Forsey has so pungcntly argued. this is the only country in the world that has no way of describing its sini- us. - It is not 3 Kingdom nor 5, Rep- ublic. nor a Commonwealth. nor 3 Union. It used to be B. Dominion. and eyeryone knew what that word meant. a self-governing nation in alliance with the other nations of the British Commonwcslth. with that status lost. there is no way of describing the constitu- tional posltion of Canada. it is high time to revive a true nation- alism in Canada. by calling gm; COIHII-ry I Kinsdom. Until that is iitone no one knows how to describe ETA

Paris. ' .content, cousin, com. me.-ice. robe. Surprise. rose. minute, theatre. auto. crayon, action. cm. tume, retourne, arrive. route, (ll. , bonbon. furleux. lrotenque,

retourne. posse. question, bngsges. In most cues these words have the same meaning on the English words they resemble. but they do not sound the some. one will be Able to pronounce them after he has learned the sounds of .ihs vowelsnnd consonants in French. ' 1 sin, sir, eio., , P.A. ARSINAVLT.

.,, Teach . Tlrnlsh lhoro, P.E.I. er

For Men's Clothing A That Filo

.l.P. iisortsmn Nos 15'! Queen St.

'i.h-xb

ease

:-.v.,.m wt - .

g 1 Notes

in: the wording on

new Vxscra

racing.

The people of Vancouver will certainly draw the line at' Sunday racing,

There is reason for broadening the sundly law here as has been done in Toronto to provide for musical and other performances. and the general run of sports. These are being held now on sun- day with the support of public opinion. They are financed by the sale of tickets prior to the performance or by "collections" at the gate.

A change in the law as proposed would not introduce Sunday enter- tainment or sports. but would do away with the ticket selling, subterfuges now resorted to.-van- couver News-I-Ierald.

The brutal slaying of a young cocker spaniel by a New Bruns- wick man has earned the culprit n sentence of six months in jail,

is inherent in our system of jus- tlce that the punishment. cannot fit the crime l.n such cases, be-l eludes civilized society cannot condone the some kind of cruelty upon which it sits in judgment. A dog. I noble and a lovable friend of man, a companion of our Crea- tion. entitled to the protection of humanity, has been killed in a singularly beastly manner. The offender is in Jail for six months. It seems tragic that A dog's life can be so cheap. saint John Telegraph-Journal.