APRIL 24, 1920 .“.¢-n+»0+»+n0

VALUE OF FARM BOYS ___

((‘._ E. MacKelizie.) To n“, qupstion what is the furm 0y worth? No one can estimate,

nd y“ boys hy tho hundreds leave he [arm cvcry ycllr for town or

n‘); ,',‘,f,’;kf,@ trite that aiany of these

Ovs have inclinations 011101‘ 1111111

flowing lllllt. of the further but

tginy of tlicm would have made

(ltlflf farmers than anything c1110

wing to the trittulitg they have rc-

eived t“ youth and with a little

ct. and iiiterlast “T111111 119V" 1111"’

| ought of leaving the farm.

Every boy tftiriiiei-‘s or city man's on; growing into nilltillootl has alt hnrent desire to have something f his own and the fact that tile vcrago city business malt has seen is vision, is the cause. that we yg the exodus frotu the farms

me (QiUGS, lie thinks of the oney with-h lie can earn and have

. g his own to spend an he sees fit.

fact he wishes to be doinl! 101‘

' Ilnself. 'I‘iton it is lip to us farin-

1's ourselves to adopt methods that

tn keep tlic itiaittrity of our boys

"the farm and to follow natural iiipgs. Tile easiest way for ll:~l to

nterest our boys in farlnuig is to

ive hiilt sontotliingvftir liinlscif. it not necessary with young buys

ttrndiitg school to pay theln a

tatod wage‘, although 1 would ad- tm paying the yoltiig man enough

tfluflg to keep lililt Interested.

My idea. 1s to so bring up tho

0y to hclicvc that he is a ncccs-

ity to the prosperity of tlic ilonie tcrcstllig and helping him to sce hat the farm is tho best place on lils green earth. Always talk ver yotir work with him be it the ptatinn of (irops or the raising of took and always answer all ques- iotis liolrcvei- simple they may seem to yollr experienced tninll

1 enioinbct- we wcrc all hoys once.

Give illt.‘ boy a brood at chickens

but do not cat them all in tlic fall,

sell ‘.1lt‘lll and lot-your boy havo he ntoiicy. Witclt he gets a little old-

t-r give hint tho calf or colt you in-

tend fitting for tho fall sltow, lot

him Il‘t"t| it. (always with your ad- vicc) and fit it. Should hc bc suc- cessful lct him liavc the prize money and ltcttei‘ still if sold give him the prlcc. Let him have the best. Nothing will so discourage

him as to work all summer wltll a

scruh anll soc lt dic iii the fall.

There is morc joy and satisfaction

for the boy in bringing his colt or pig to the ‘selling age, making tho

gale lilnuelt and usinw the proceeds according to, his tiwn wishes, than can he r-afiiuatctl.

Not long ago in speaking to one of our successful young IBITIIQYE on this very subject he told me that whcn lic was twolve ycars old his father gave him mic acre of ground for his UWII use and when hc had thrashed tlic grain and marketed it he felt proullor of flint money titan over ho has felt since and stated that that one incident gave

lililiilvlt TROUBLES CAUSE DISTRESS

But They Are Nearly Always Due to ‘Thin Watery Blood.

11o not think that because your tomacli is easily upset yoli are the ictim of sortie serious malady. One f the inost common predisposing asses of indigestion is itntteniia. .1 thin, watc y blooduln fact lt Ilsa ecoltte generally recognized that d "filthy activity of the stomach is Illl‘) ‘bit uttlcss the blood is ricll nl red. '

Dr. Williams l'ink Pills have been oliud mast valuable. in cases of iii- ificstiolt. tiervelts tlyspepsia and foluacil weakness, inst. ltccliuse. lit-y are a blood buildor and itcrvc 011 u. Tito rich, red blood tllcy uko not only imparts a healthy 115111-1011. lint carries color to the 1P1‘ 1-1 and lips and gives vigor .to ‘- is. Ono important poillt 1 rcincinbor is that Dr. Williams 111k Pills contain no itllrlnful drugs 1' "illlllffi 11nd aro thus to bu pre- 11°11 l" lifttlutrlttlons that ntercly ltnulalc. for a tilno. Ilofore volt 11111 11111111115: ii1111cc1-ssariiy alioltt 0t|r stiltc of ltcaltlt try tlic tonic clltint-ut of fir. Willialns Pink ills. You will ht. Surprtflod u, e41 110w rapidly your appetite rc- 1111111 1111" your whole ilcbilitatcd ysteiti revives, as tho new riclt 1111111 "uulflses through your ‘body bro is the statement of ono hall, 11 11111111114 thousands who have 11°11 111. Wllllttllls Pink Pills a heir one great advantage llfrs.

.Vcnlot.1i0lnford N .s' f-lttyit‘ 1W0 gears I wash great

_ 1 "111 ndlgcstion, wlticlt firiilatiflldhceiirdy with it a. complica-

r . .

look nroltght rtgiiiiltiifniizgi§ as follow .l - i’ ' ‘ V 1111f‘! nanszlit Iiflsilttlpiljcxilinltlrrtlg HOIAI titer t‘, ._ ‘ ' tliniafilllntzsslzrllzilqt 1.113115213111111 mt "m "111 "1111111 Dulpltnte at an v':;1(:<l:(-‘n'11;ltese conditions brought imblmy nndnclnvotisncss and ir- eam‘ m1) much-folfditl my general east exertion wofiillfcttlgl-(l that flirt;

slept but poorly I ledmmln °c1°r11l1l for several mldlnths glgillllvigloiaoyiond slight temporary 11°11“ 1° 11y a $11181“! byPl 1: 11111. itlocided ‘to foil “night nd ice‘ 111111 Rut a half 40111.. baxé‘ 1 " ‘1 11111111111 soon began to Ithonvir ',°',“n,',1,‘,1:"lo1:ul1uv111. and tho fllrih-

"d" m" a oagggnltilfs [have Ilt-prflllly mmmflmnd ""11" Pink Pills to similar suf‘

0rora_" , ' “'11 1'1" broc ' l ' 1 Dr. Williams tPink Pills it, ‘m’ lmndiclno or thsglrgiwlllnhe dategsryd: a mall at B0 cents a box or six trhzmi 131st ‘Iflvlbldlby wrnflttrag direct. to - ' I111! ictne C0,. ckvwe’ outs ~~ .. . ... .

i“

hint tile incentive to become a suc- cessful fainter.

Vllhen the boy reaches manhood 0111101" Hive hint a farm of his own or take iilni into partnership. It so agriculture would soon show ii dlf. 1011111 front. ‘Filflll boys would be 1111111‘ (‘utter to tarln than to do ally- thing clsc, ’

11111111101‘ Potent reason our boys lczlre ironic is that we are too busy lfyillg to make ends moot or iii- 1‘1'1‘1lt1111t-'. tlic hank account to make 111v home and social surroundings as attractive for the young as we should. I believe the father and stilt should be court-lilies, the father wil- ling to loin tlic son ili manly clean Short and encourage liim in the ac. 111111111: of all useful knowledge that will make him the man and. give 111111 011111711111 and ability to take ills 11111110 at public functions when call- cd upon to do so.

Wl- need to "right about face" on wliltt we- liavo been doing itt this ileflllcct. I wcll reirientber the first time I tried to take part in n debate. My PiTOYts may have been poor but tho “dressing down" i received frotit one of the ablcst debaters we 118d, so frightened me that as long as l. stayed homo I kcpt quiet.

More social ititercollrse with our itoighltors will prove it benefit not only to us but to the whole noigl- borllooll, and exchange of ideas with other farmers gives us kilow- 101131‘. itot easily acquired in other ways.

Wily not llavc a \vliitcr picnic. as wl-ll as a sulntnel‘ one? Wily not llllsilt‘ sortie fine Saturday morning and wllcn tho chnrcs are donc hitch the team to tlic large pullg sleigh, pack tho whole family in and spend _lll(‘ day with tlic Smith's or Jones‘ whilc yon and tho oldcr boys are finding out liow Jones is making his cows milk so well or how his steers are feeding? Mrs. Idarmer and the cider daugh- ter are exchanging recipes of good- ics with Mrs..lollcs. while the young fry urc- enjoying this winter picnic. juntping from the hoams of tho barn to the straw-mow and learning new gauies etc" from each other.

Still another way to attract onc's own boy to the home trco is to have as much oi’ the. drudgery as possible clfiniilatycd front tho farm work. Suppose yoii ltitve to borrow the capital, I believe it would pay‘ all progressive farmers to install alt

t

on tlic farm this can be done. with ait outlay of say six or scvcn hun- dretl (lolltlrs tlic interest would 111‘- say forty dollars and ~\\'11P1'o i111‘ you going to hire a mall that will, do the work as cfllcient ill the same time. homo after n visit to the city he will tint sce tlic coiltrasl that now exists between the country and city homo.

1.01. us niakc the boy and Kiri too respect tlic farm then the trend of ittigrzltioit will be back to the land.

___40a————

TRAININB THE CALF

farmers coitsldel- it. l, to train the ntalc_ calf

that ii-i to stand nt the hcad of tho

ltorll, or tlie licifei" that is in bo-

conic tlic dairy cow. No elaborate

rulc cart be lnill out for tho train-l ing of i|l(‘. bull. Experience. finds, that bulls are just. as different in their personality, as the mcn who look attei" them. The result is tltat. each bttll ntay require to be hanll- led tliffcronttv. Sonic bulls will re- main kind and gentle simply by handling them much as other clit- llc are handled. It‘ these saute bulls were confined in sutall pens or en- closures. and treated its if one were afraid of tlicnt, they would more than likely bccomo vicious. This is one way quiet. bulls are lttlldc (intact-rolls.

'l‘llcrl1 are bulls, ltnwcver, that rcqilirc to ho watched and these call easily be tlctcclotl in calfitotitl, and tho trniiiini! will have t.o bc irl acclirtlililcc wlt.ll tilcir tenltiera- lll('lli. Though all titoso who have to look lifter bulls should be pro- parell at till tiltll-s to be on tlic do- fcttsivt- with tiropcl" tiqilitililent. it is especially so with the youngster that exhibits tho least sign of it tloflllnt tcttiper. Ono point worth ro- mcnlbltrlilt: is not tn lct the bull get tlic illca tlntt the ‘|1(,‘l‘l~l")lI in charge tilts the slightest. fl-ar o him. In ltandllng tlic calf that is to become. tile bond of a licrd it. is the wisest. coltrso to zldopt. tho meth- ods that fit the llniutnl, so long as it is sale to do so, but he should be ltuitdled with filo same absence of fear lind fuss as any other dom- estic animal. 'l‘ltero must be no fooling with file young bttll even in cillfilootl, and the early training with the nose ring should ho done without showing any temper or harshness. Flrmness with kind- ness is tho rule with tho, bull calf its with the young coit-

Somo training is also necessary for tlic iicifci- calf‘, its confidence has to hc restored to tho naturally nervous. Illludle the udder fre- quently. and take ovory cituncc to train hcr t.o tloclllty and taniene» either in field or stall. Site should also be halter-broken iu her calf- hooll. as it. will be found an ad- vantage in runny incidents of her life. Every cow should be trained to load and it becomes an easy matter on cow and stockmnn if she has got. hcr training when in the cuff and heifer stage.

GVGI‘

.-——<DOI_————— HOW TO CLEAN FARM HAR- NESS

'I‘|te. (dinner the Iiarness is ‘clean- ed and greased tho boltotxlt should ho elcancd and grcttsctl Just. tieforc starting spring work, as you fluk- gost. Take ovory plcoo of the hur- nosn apart. .that. will conic away by uubuckling.

The best way to wash It is to tako one piece of soap and dissolve tt In-three quarts of hot water, to

3.§4'9O §§OO+OO+0§>§Q0 00-00-60-044

itp-todate water and lighting system ‘"1

Then when your boy comes,

OF INTEREST TO FARMERS ,

Q-QOO-O-O-Q 00-040-0-00-00-‘006

which should be whipped in tlic soap and water so that it mixes thoroughly with the soapy water. Then add enough cold water to make the whole solution luke- war111. and wash the harness with this solution until you can easily brush off all dirt with a ltilrd bris- tle brush. When tllorougltly wash- ed in this wity it should be hung up and dried in a shady place. It should not be allowed to dry thor- oughly before applying the grease, iii-i the grease should be applied whoa Lite harness is still damp; the grease will go in better than when the inlrness is dry. and thus make tlic harness more flexible.

Good lturness oil should be used, and this should be applied with a soft bruslt and titnrougltly’ rubbed in with a rag. After a few hours the surplus oil which will not go in should be rubbed off with a rag, as the surplus grease tends only to make the ltnrness sticky and col- lect dust very easily. Harness should never be kept-in damp plac- es. as the nickel parts will rust, the leather become nlouldy, and will finally rot off. All defective tutrts of harness-should be repiiirotl ltnnlelliilteLv, or should be replaced by a new pnrt.

Every ltorse should ltave his separatiie harness. Much can be saved by properly caring for the harness, to say nothing of the an- noyance. anll trouble and ticlay which one has wlicn somctitiitg breaks at an unexpected time. A good ltarlioss should last for about tiigliteeu or twenty years.

i-t-O-Dil-

HOW T0 TELL AGE OF CATTLE

Ilow do you know tlic ago of. cal- tie front the growth and tlccay of‘ the teetil'.’——\\'. M.

Cattle have eight incisor teeth, all in the lower jaw. In tho calf at. birth, two r0 more 0f'tenlpor- ilry or first incisor teotli arc tires» cnt. Iiy tho 0nd of the first month, _ ' appeared.

\\'lion tlic animal is over a year

old the centre pair of temporary incisors fall out and arc replaced by the permanent pincers, which, at. two years, attain full develop- Gnt. At three years of tlge the second pair of permanent teeth are fully developed, and at four years the third tiltir, or litterals as they are termed, are developed. At five years the animal has the full colit- tilemeut ol‘ incisors.

From flvo to six years there is a levelling of the [icrnlancnf plncers, which is usually completed at six.

|and both pairs of intermediates are

partially levelled and the corner incisors showing wear.

Tile tiincers are itotlceitbly worn front scvcn t0 eight years; front cight to nine the tniddle pairs are worn and by ten years the corncl" tcctlt. -

After six years ,the arch loses its rounded contour and by the llyolftlt your if hits become nearly strattgltfl In‘ tlic iticltntinlo tlic -tcl-th have gradually bcconio trian- gular in sltatic, llistiilctly separated, and show the progressive wearing to stubs.

-i—-<-o>i— CERTIFIED SEED POTATOES.

(Experimental Fitrins Note.)

'I‘hlg torill is applied to potatoes which have passed two iiistioctintis made ‘by inspectors of the Division

of Botany, lxpcrllncntltl Farms Iirztunlt, l)f‘ilfll‘llllvllf‘t)l' Agricul- ture. 'i‘liesc inspections are niadc ti) of tlto growing plants during the, blossoniltig period, anti (2) at the time the tubers arc ling, or af- tcr they have becu placed iii stor- ago. » While purity of‘ variety is Riven due. considcrtltloii in (letertiiluing the claims of a crop to certification, the prinio (ibjcct of this work is i1lI"fl1)i:II1llt‘l‘ and, incidentally, tlic control of tlll-lcttso, particularly of constitutional (IIRUIIIIPH such as Leaf ltoll anti Mosaic, witicll have tiiovcit to ltc rrspotlslble for a serious rc- dnotioit in ylt-ltls ilt minty tiarts of tho country. As tlic only possibl- lty of tllstiligitishtitg the ill'l‘t~lt‘.llt‘.l' of these tliscascs tics iit the ln- stiection of‘ the growing plants, it is obvious that ill order to ascertain the tircsciicc. of, or freedom front, ltoaf ltoll or Mosaic in any crop, in- spoctloii iiiust of necessity colu- tttcnco iii the growing season, and preferably during tlic blooming pct» loll as lt is at this time a matter of stnull lliffitzltlty to distinguish any impurity of variety. Thus tlic two fold object is attained.

At the conclusion of the inspec- tion of t] field of potatoes tlic lit- R[)t.‘(!if1I' builds to tlic grower a roc- ord showing the exact condition of ills crop. Should the flclti ht.- found to tileasure up to the required stan- dard, tho grower is again visited at, or after ltarvest tlinc and an in- spoctloti made of the tubers to us- ccrtain to what extent, If any. dis- eases such as (Jommoli Scab, Rltizoctonia ,etc., are present. Should this final inspection prove satisfactory, the potatoes are grad- otl as B11110!‘ No. 1 or N0. 2 Grade Sccd Potatoes, and a sufficient nutn- bcr of tags to cover the number of bugs 0r other containers. necessary for the shipping of the antount of potatoes inspected arc issued by tho inspector. These tags certify that the colttonts of tho bags or other containers to which they arc attached, have bean grown by the person wilntlc name itppr-arll on tlic

tugs; that. they have ill-en inspected

by nn officer of tho Dominion De» partnletit of Agriculture and found them being classed as No. I (or No. 2) Grade Seed Potatoes.

On the other hand. II t] field falls in the fit-id Inspection to measure to be sitfficientiy vigorous and free

qplcttpdd one §Il§l'fi__OI coal oil.

from serious diseases, other pests

THECHARLOTPETOWN GUARDIAN.

O-OO O4§FO4OFOOO4QO Q44-O-fQQ4-§Q§Q-O+O4

WOMAN'S WORLD ‘

00404-040000» '

and foreign varieties to warrant to the presence of a larger per- centage of diseases or impure varic- I ties tltun is allowed, it is given no further coltsidoration; the grow- er bclng advised t0 change his seed and to procure for this change, seed potatoes front some grower whose stock has satisfactorily pas- sed botlt field alid tubcr inspection. This work is being cztrrieti on at present chiefly in Northern Ontario, in parts of New Brunswick, Quebec, Novn Scolia and Prlilee Etiwurd ls- land. It is proving of value to the tzroumtr in that it frequently reveals to him the loss which he is incurr- ing by the use of diseased seed and is ziisu a itloans oi‘ putting hiln in touch with tho grower front whom it would be advisable t-t oli-l tain n supply of “Fortified Seed Potatoes" as otitvliltctl ztbovca ———¢0->i--

NORTH ERN GROWN POTATO SEED

The following article front the Motitroal Weekly Witness speaks for itself:

It‘. ll, .\'IoD.—Yon ask if northern grown potato seed is really wanted by potato growers to the south. The following article, written by H. R. Talmago, for the “Rural New York- cr.“ shows more clearly the impor- tance platicti by southern growers 0n sitperior griillo northern grown seed, and to wltat lengths they will go to obtain it. titan any more state- ment of mine. Mr. Talmage also shows clearly just where the nor- thern growers have failed.’

Of all the tllfforont problems con- fronting the potato grower none is of so iutlclt iinportuttcc or so dif- dcult of solution as ltow to get reliable scell. From extended ex- periments and curcful and repeated inspections of growing fields on Long Island, New Jersey, New York,anti all of the New England States, including Maine, I am con- vinccd, says Mr. 'I‘altitagc, the grow- ers in these districts sustain a loss of 20 to 25 percent itt yield every year because of tliscasotl anti iii- ferior seed. Although not person- ally familiar with other producing sections. I sec iio reason wily the condition of the seed should not be tho same, so tlic losses to the potato grolvers of the country are enormous ouch year. For litany years the potato grow- ers‘ have suffered these losses and have not. known what the trouble has been. Nfltny cfrop failures due priittarily to poor seed have been ltlalnotl on titt-Ylvcltther, fertilizer or lilethods of culture. The seed was itilvays bought from it local tlealer, who bought ills supply from another dealer in tho North. If by chance the grower in the South did get a cltoicc lot of seed that grow well, he would go back to the tlealcr illid tcli hliu u: try to get some ntoro of tlic same seel frotti the saute source. but wc soon learned that wc could not in this way get a supply that could bc do pended upnn.

In 1913 I bought 50 sacks of sccd front a local llczt-lor, who bought tllclii from a local tleillcr in Steuben ('tllllll}t', N. Y., As soon as they came tip thcy shmvotl they wore vcry slltierittr. even. vigorous, free front tliseaso. We immediately tried to find out who grew them so we could get titore for tlic noxt season's planting. Wc bought some the next Spring froiu this salno floater, with the fitstruetiorls to got us the saute marks of seed as wo had the previous Spring. We did get "something," but when they came up there were at least six diffcrctit kinds; early and lute; long and round, white attd rcd. \Vhl\n ting, the yield was 75 bus- per acre less titan from good seed alnilgsitlc, anll as pour-looking a lot as you could imagine. Every potato grower in tlic warm portions of the country, where tlicy have lo buy their secll, has had similar experi- cnccs, and they have adopted tho plan oi‘ buying sccd from several diffcrt-tlt sources, with tho hopc that some of thctn would prove good. tlllfl jlllf‘ exportation that sumo would he poor.