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‘THE GUARDIAN, (ZiARLOTTETOWN

Book on Notable Canadian Doctor A Masterly Work

(By The Canadian Press)

The name and work of en em- inent surgeon, long familiar with- in the ranks of his own profes- sion, is now becoming widely known with the publication of Judith Robinson's "Tom Cullen of Baltimore." (Oxford).

The right man in the right place at the right time makes history. And it was so with Thomas Ste- phen Cullen, born 1868 at Bridge- water, now Actinolite, Ont. For in 189i, with a degree from the Un- iversity o1 Toronto Medical School, Dr. Cullen arrived at Johns Hop- kins Hospital when the late Sir William Oeler was its medical chief.

Son of’ a‘ Methodist minister, with a hard yet happy childhood and youth behind him, young Dr. Cullen, with his_ habits oi “un- bashiul humility and unquenchable interest," entered on a career that coincided with the golden age of medicine.

Now professor emeritus of gyn- aecology at'Johns Hopkins Medic- al School, Dr. Cullen's career is by no means over. His advice and leadership are still helping to solve medical problems in Baltimore and the state of Maryland.

At Johns Hopkins, one of the most progressive hospitals in the United States, Dr, Cullen made his iull share of contributions’ to the advance of surgery, particu- larly abdominal surgery. ln addi- tion to his ivork in the Johns Hopkins Medical School, establish- cd i893, and his private practice, Dr. Cullen published five text books on gynaecology and suffic- ient articles to fill four volumes.

Judith Robinson, Dr. Cullen's biographer, has done more than recount the career of a distinguish- ed and successful surgeon. with sensitive shading and skillful in- terweaving of material, she has made known his essential human- ity. She sees him as friendly warm-hearted, a master or anec~ dote, with his golden rule oi con- duct, "what's best for the patient." Experienced newspaper woman, editorial writer and political critic, Judith Robinson spent three years “commuting to Baltimore" to ga- ther first-hand material for her book. The result is a fine book and an enjoyable one, a felicitous com- bination oi author and subject. Miss Robinson's perceptive selec- tion from a great mass o! source material and her polished easy style have produced an excellent biography.

Great-Aunt Topaz was equal to any situation, whether it was dealing with a mid-Victorian mash- er ln a. French hotel, invading Canada, at the age of 50, or sneak- ing out or her apartment {or an ice cream cone when almost 100. jShe lived with gusto, pleased with people and events. The more peo- ple, the busier her days, the hap- pier she was, Even death was ex- citing. ’ " ‘Let me go immediately immediately . . , ‘she murmurs in her imperious way. ‘A hundred years . .. I shall be late .. . me, the youngest.’ Then the small race lightens. ‘Quick, get me some fresh lace for me head, someone! I'm going to die, I do declare!’ Ev- idently she is pleased and confid- ent. What an adventure, to be s/urel

"Away she went, Now she is a memory, a gossamer."

But a memory that will endure more than most, thanks to Ethel Wilson of Vancouver, who has told her story in "The Innocent Traveller" (Macmillan). There are few who won't be enthralled by Topat, whether as a. child crawl- ing under the inmily dining-table in Stoke-on-Trent to tickle the legs of Mr. Matthew Arnold, or as elderly spinster pushing her bad- tem-pered bicycle about the streets oi Vancouver.

How she loved 1190916! $118 W" one or a vast faintly, whose Can- adian branch took strong root on the Paciiic coast. Her relatives appear in quick successionpbriefly but uniorgettably, There's Great- Grarldfather, sinking comfortably mm old age, quite relieved when two ilustered old ladies reject his mgjflﬂgﬁ proposals; the impecc- able brother John, inarticulutc with rage as Topaz lies on her back to admire the ceiling o! the Sistine chapel, and gentle Gran-

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nie, whose childlike goodness wins the love even o! such hardened reprobstes as Yow, the Chinese houseboy.

Yow, bullying his household of women until he has established the dinner hour o! 6:30 instead oi 6:30 - he liked the extra hour for playing fan tan in Chinawwm- is a vital part or the early Van- couver whose atmosphere the au- thor catches so well. SoQis Joe Fortes, the kindly Negro swimming instructor at English Bay, patient- ly suspending the dignified Mrs. Hamilton Coffin on the waves by the seat o! her cumbersome bath- ing-costiune. ‘

Aunt Topaz may not have been very profound, but no one could ignore her. Nor are they likely to ignore this book.

Charles C. Johnson has been appointed to succeed WH. Clarke as manager oi the Canadian brach of the Oxford University Press. Since 1946 he has been working at the Clarendon Press and at Amen House, London.

Mr. Johnson is the only son of Dr. John Johnson, late Printer to the University of Oxford, and was educated at Magdalen Col- lege School and Corpus Christi College, Oxford. During the war he served with the Oxford and Buckinghamshire Light Iniantry and with the Mahar Regiment in India.

Bulgaria Passing Through Crisis

BELGRADE. Oct. l8 - (Reut- ers) — A Yugoslav Foreign Office official wrote Saturday that Bui- garia is passing through “a deep crisis" and that the Cominfcrm is about to stage another treason trial with Traicho Kosiov, former Bul- garian deputy premier, now under arrest, as chief defendant. The official is Ivan Kariavanov, direc- tor of the Institute for International Policy at the Foreign Ministry, writing in the Yugoslav Commun- ist Party newspaper Borba.

lility Population l

‘Expands Rapidly In Saskatchewan

REG-INK Oct. i! (OP) "How You Gonna Keep Them Down on the Farm?" is more w the people o! Saskatchewan than the partial title o! an old-time popular song.

It's a. question emphasized by a governmental report which pre- dicts that in only a few years there will be as many people liv- ing in the cities o! the province as now are living in the country.

For predominantly agricultural Saskatchewan, Canada's greatest wheat-producing province, that's a. considerable change,

The population totals about 800.- 000. There are only about three persons to the square mile, scat- tered over the sprawling (zooms) square miles within the province's boundaries.

Most of the population farms the elevator-dotted wheatlands, or traps and hunts in the north. But 40 per cent live in the cities; the five major cities - Regina, Sask- atoon, Moose Jaw, Prince Albert and Weyburn _- have shown con- siderable increases in population since the Second World War, and have more than 150.000 persons living in them.

It wasn't always so. In 190i, 84.4 per cent of the population lived in the country, only 15.6 per cent in the cities and towns.

The report, compiled by the gov- ernment's economic advisory and planning board. predicts that by 1960 - unless the trend is arrest- ed -- city and country popula- tions will be equal.

beave Farms In Winter

One o! the reasons is that farm- ers themselves don't stay on the land the year round. When har- vesting is over, they like to en- joy the amenities of city life.

They have money; they've been receivinggood prices for their pro- duce. So they buy city homes - ior cash - and their children go to city schools. And they don't move onto the land again until spring seeding time rolls around.

The report notes this trend. It

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assumes that “urbanization will continue as more farmers conduct their farming operations from ur- ban centres, and as gradually in- creasing urban employment pos- sibilities are realized through the increase oi secondary and service industries."

The rural population may be ex- pected to decline for other rea- sons. Chlef among ilzem are the increasing mechanization of farm- ing — a trend which has been particularly marked in the large- scale agriculture o! the grain- EFWUIQ Prairie west - larger farm units. and a decline in the rural

birth rate.

One way of keeping the rural population stable is to open "sub- stantial new areas oi rural land" to settlement, the report suggests.

This is one of the objectives of the recently-formed conservation and development branch or the provincial department of agricul- ture. The resettlement in the northeast of farmers hard hit by

recurring drought in the south- west envisages the improvement

o! 2,000,009 acres of crown lands

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FAR. FROM HOBART, Tasmania -- (GP)

A copy,0f the National Covenaa of Scotland, signed at Edinburgh in 1638, has turned up in Tasmanlr in the possession of Dr. Ian Pean son. Dr. Pearson's grandfather, a descendant of the original sign- er. brought it here in 154.1, Th "rmwrnent is now back in Sootlan itor expert examination.

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