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Daily Examiner.

~ 2

Charlottetown,

June 15, 1877.

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A WORD ON FARMING.

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Prince Epwarp IsLAND is pie-cmin- ently an agricultural Colony. The pro- gress of development in this branch of industry has been marvellous. Let any one compare the condition of the Island, in an agricultural point ot view, with that which existed twenty-five years ago, and he will be struck with the result as show- ing a rate of progress to which there is perhaps no parallel io any part of the Dominion. The shipments of produce at the former period were on a very limited scale as compared with the enor- mous quantities which are oow anoually exported ; and it may be safely predicted that the rate of progress which has dis- tinguished the last quarter of a century will murk the next quarter. The increase has not been so much owing to the native fertility of the soil, as to an improved system of agriculture—attention to the necessary rotation of crops, the selection of seed, and the extensive application of mussel mud. And we must not forget the beneficial results so far as live stock is concerned, of the importation of superior breeds of cattle and horses. But there is another means of cultivation which has been tried amongst us, but to a very limited extent, and which, if generally adopted, would increase the yield of cereals and esculents to a very large extent. We mean thorough drainage. In every country in which it has been tried, the returns have been such as could be anticiputed by the most sanguine. There is hardly a farm io Scotland which has not been thoroughly drained. Drain- age may be said without exaggeration, to have done wonders. We are within the mark when we say that it has far more than doubled the amount of agricul- tural produce, whilst at the same time the quality has been greatly improved. Without this important process, Scotland could not have attained to the proud position which it now holds, of having the best system of agriculture in Europe. By means of drainage, a soil by no means, naturally fertile, has been made pros ductive—thousands of acres which were once covered with desolate heath, or which consisted of peat moss, are now producing splendid crops.

It may seem marvellous to some of the furmers of the Island that thougands of tenants in Great Britain can pay twenty dollars an acre of rent for their farms, and yet live well, give their families a good education, and make money. The secret of their ability to do this is the adoption of the most scientific modes of cultivation, of which deep drainage con- stitutes one of the most essential ele- ments. Not only are farms which consist of heavy, wet soil subjected to the pros cess, but also land which might be sup- posed to be naturally dry. It may be safely affirmed that hardly a farm ot value in Britain wants drainage. It may be said that the process is an expensive one. To dig drains from two to three feet deep, and lay tiles for the conveyance of the water at the bottom, requires a great deal of labor, and is consequently attended with eonsiderable expense. And it is evident that the farmers of the Old Country enjoy advantages which are not to be had in this Island for the prosecu- tion of the work. In the first place, the winters in the Old Country are compar- atively mild, so much so that, as a rule, ploughing can be done during dry weather in the very depth of winter. The great. est obstacle to outsdoor labor there is the great amount of rain fall. It is rarely, except in the Highlands of Scotland, that field work is interrupted either by trost or snow. Interruption to labor arising from these causes, either jn England, Ireland, or the low country in Scotland, is quite exceptional. On the other hand, the British farmer has the advantage of cheap labor. Ilere it is impossible to secure workers under a dollara day. In the Old Country, not many years ago, only half a dollar was paid, but now we believe the rate is about sixty-two cents. A3 a rule, however, work @can be carried on in this Island till about the beginning Of december, though we all know winter

sets in sometimes earlier. But, notwith

we believe that drainage would yield on this Island highly profitable returns. If the Prince Edward Islander works under disadvantages from which the British farmer has immunity, let it not be for- rotten that the former pays, as a rule, no rent. If one of our farmers had to pay, for a hundred acre farm, two thousand dollars of rent annually, he would regard it as an intolerable burden.

The farmers on the Island cannot com- plain of the want of a market for their produce. There are on the Island enters prising merchants who carry on an exten- sive export trade, and who are always ready to pay fair prices for produce— prices which are of course determined by those current in the great centres of com merce in the old and new world. There is also an outlet for all the live stock that can be reared. By means of the railway, to the construction of which stupid objec~ tions were made, the means of communi- cation with the capital has been greatly facilitated, and the communicatiou with the Awerican continent and Europe is yearly improving. There is a bright future in prospect for the Island. Let our farmers whe, if they could liye by their farms twenty years ago, must now be making money, not hoard up their means, but expend them in improving their farms. If a tair trial were given to thorough drainage of the land, we have no doubt that amongst the better class of farmers it would be quite as extensively adopted, and to quite ae much advantage, as in the old country.

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A SHARP CUSTOMS OFFICIAL.

On Wednesday evening 4 poor country- woman—desirous of adding a few quarters to her scanty store—went down to the Steamship Carrol,carying under her arm one of those ‘‘ hooked mats,”’ in the manufacs ture of which our fair friends of this Pro- vince are 80 justly eminent. Passing through the throng. she made her way on d-ck,and anxiously interviewed the cap- tain, the first and second mate and stew. ard ; but failed to sell. With a heavy heart she was making her way ashore again; when, O horror! she was met by a Customs official, charged with an attempt at smuggling and obliged to deliver up her mat. She remonstrated, and the officials of the boat explained. But all to no pure pose. Get her mat she could not; and she was obliged to take lodgings in town until yesterday morning to have it restored. Such a sharp official deserves promotion,

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SUPREME COURT—SUMMERSIDE.

WeEpneEspay, June 13.

In the case of the Queen at the prosecu, tion of Charles McFarlane against James Bastobal, the Grand Jury brought ® a true Bill for larceny. The prisoner was ars raigned, and pleaded not guilty.

The Queen v. Henry Monaghan, for stab- bing. Pleaded not guilty, ©

The Queen v. Jacob Murray. Grand Jury returned a true biil for larceny.

J. C. Pope v. Richard Gladney and others. This was an action upon a Sheriff's Bail Bond. Mr. Peters moved for an order to stay further proceedings upon -payment of costs, with liberty for the plaintiff to pro- ceed against Gladney in the original action upon the ground that the bail had rendered Gladney. Mr. Hodgson showed cause, contending that there was no evidence that Gladney had been legally rendered or that he remained in custody ; also that while the affidavit upon which the rule was obtained, is entituled in the original suit, the rule it. self is entituled in this suit, and that this was a fatal variance. He also produced en affidavit showing that the suit had beep proceeded with at the request of the bail themselves. The Chief Justice reserved his decision until to-morrow morning, Simmons v. McKinnon. This was the suit the hearing of which commenced yes- terday. The parties live on Lot 16. ‘The plaintiff owns 43 acres and the defendant 30 acres. The question in dispute is a piece of land one chain by fifty chains, being in fact the boundary line between them. The parties have been at war for nine years. Assaults, in which pitchforks were freely used, took place between them. Upon one occasion the Grand Jury inter- vened. The Hon, Alexander Anderson, who surveyed the land 30 years ago, was examined, and produced his field notes, on the part of the plaintiff So far as the ex- act position of the disputed:Jine is concern< ed, his evidence leaves little doubt; but the defendant contends that another line was agreed to by the plaintift since Anderson's survey. This is the point which the Jury have to decide, and the evidence is con- flicting. Mr, Charles Palmer is addressing the Jury for the plaintiff, and the Chief Justice will probably eharge she Jury to- morrow morning.

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Diptugria.-—This dangerous disease is at present rapidly increasing in this city. The lirst case was that of a boy of eleven, who caught the disease about three weeks ago, and now there are over twelve cases.

standing the disadvantages referred to, |.

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THE NEW ASYLUM.

At four o’clock yesterday afternoon the ceremony of raising and turning the first sod of the ground at Falconwood on which the Asylum for Insane Persons is to be built, was performed by the Commissioner of Public Works and His Worship the Mayor. Anumber of our leading citizens and several members of the Press were present upon the occasion.

The design of the Asylum, as our reed- ers are aware, was furnished by Messrs Sterling and Dewar, of Halifax. It has passed into the hands of Messrs Sterling & Harris of this city, and they will prepare the working plans and superintend the work.

DESCRIPTION OF THE BUILDING.

The central block of the proposed build. ing and but one ward wing is to be erected under the existing contract. The central block is to be 154 feet long - in three dix visions, The first division will be 52 feet wide and 38 feet long; the second divi~ sion, 78 feet long and 28 feet wide; the third division, 58 feet wide and 38 feet long.

The first division is to be three storeys high with a French roof, On the first story will be the reception room, the Commissions er’s room, the dispensary, etc. The second 8torey will contain the doctor’s apartments study, dining room and kitchen, The third story will furnish bedrooms, and other apartments, for the doctor, and the attic’ story will be laid off in rooms for conval- escent patients.

The second division will be a long, nars row shaped piece of building connecting the first or entrance division with the third or kitchen division, It will contain, on the first story, the main hall, a large staircase and several rooms, and on the second story,a chapel 25 by 40 feet and 22 feet high, with a hall or passage~way extending along its side. The staircase hall in half of this division rises in a tower above the sur. rounding roofs.

The third division contains, on the first story, kitchens, laundrieg, sculleries, &c. ; on the second, matrons, and servants’ sleeping apartments.

The central block of the building runs north and south. The ward wing lies east and west, so that the building will be in the form of a ——|. It is intended ata future time to add a corresponding wing on the other side of the central block.

The end wall of the ward wing is thirty- five feet away from the central block, and connected with the second division of the same by a brick corridor nine feet wide by thirty-five feet long, running up to the height of all the storys. In case of fire this corridor will effectually stop the spreading of flames from the central block of the building to the ward wing.

The ward building is three storys high with French roof. It averages fifty feet wide, and is one hundred and sixty feet long. At the end of the long corridor a staircase: connects the three storéys. These three. storeys comprise three separate wards, or, if required, six. An iron door is arranged to divide each ward into two distinct ones.

storys.

¢

A corridor 10 feet wide runs through the whole length of this piece of the building. with a bay window at one end. The other end opens into a spacious day room with a bay window twenty feet wide. The cen~ tral part of the corridor branches into an- other day room looking on the river, On either side of the corrider are arranged the dining room, pantry, linen closets, bed rooms, large dormitory, and single bed rooms for patients.

The bath rooms, water closets, and foul linen rooms are conveniently arranged in a separate block of the building at the back of the wards, running up the same number of storeys on the ward building, and con- nected with the same by a narrow brick corridor—thus keeping the wards clear of offensive cases,

The plan of the building is so arranged

that the sun will shine into the front win~ dows in the morning and into the back windows during the afternoon—thus mak- ing all bright. A thorough system of heating and venti- lation is arranged by means of flues built in the centre walls of the corridor and five large shafts in the ward wing, carried from basement to roof. A smouldering fire will be kept in the bottom of those shafts, causing ventilation winter and summer.

The basement flat will be used for heat- ing purposes,

The bakery and store room will be under the kitchen .

The excayated earth will be used to raise the site of the building.

Tae Opp Ranxm Hovse was offered yes. terday by Mr. Dodd. The bids given were not high enough to induce the owner to part with such a valuable property. He did not advertize in the Dairy Examing

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Local and Other Items.

STRAWBERRIES and Cream at ** The Con- fectionery.”’ - a> -

ectionery.”

6960 ee

Sreamers.—The M, A. Starr left for Halifax and the Carroll left for Boston yes» terday.

A fine horse was killed by the poll train last Friday between Miscouche and Wel- lington — Journal.

<dechpalAlia tinct

Ping ApPLEs, Asparagus, (cheap), Cran- berries, Gooseberries, Bananas,* Lemons, Oranges, at ** The Confectionery,”’

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FisHERY ComMIssion.—The meetings of the Fishery Commission are being held in the Legislative Council Chamber of Nova Scotia,

ntsineacclitiliassilii FresH Bedeque Uysters, by the quart or bushel; or served up at all hours, stewed fried or raw, at ‘‘ The Confectionery, Lunch Room,

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a Nuisance Asatineg —We are pleased to see that the City Surveyor has his men busily at work abating the nuisance at the head of Pownal Wharf.

Butrer.—The City Council have in hand the passage of a by-law to coxnpel vendors of butter to give full weight, Such a law should not be required.

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Some citizens are anxiously enquiring why the Financial Statement of the Corporation has not yet been published, It is, we un- derstand, in the press.

Bazaark.—The ladies of the Methodist Church have decided upon holding their bazaar in the Citizens’ Skating Rink on 10th and llth of July next. ———--_ - 9G Poe—_____—-

Tae City Councit are about to appoint a keeper for Victoria Park, who will receive a salary of not less than three hundred aad seventy-five dollars a year.

—--—-_ -—~*+e>-e — — Tae First Picntc.—Prince Edward Di- vision S. of T. intend holding a Picnic at West River on the 2lst inst. Mr. Kennedy supplies the refreshments.

New Booxs Receiven,—“‘The Home of God's People,”’ by Kev. William L. Gage, fully illustrated with nearly one hundred and seventy-five engravings, published by

subscription only, An agent is now on the Island.

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Warr Purcuask.— Messra George J. Wright and A. H. B. Macgowan have pur, chased from, ©. Hall, Esq., the lease of Queen’s Wharf and warehouses thereon. We understand they intend carrying on general commission and brokerage busi- ness, wna ediigt id Insunaxce.—We notice, from another

At the west end of the|column, that the Queen Insurance Com-| Con ward another staircase connects the three | pany, which is one of the largest aud strong-| 24mely, 35,000 fe

est of the old English companies, has ex- tended its operations to this Province,

under the agency of Mr. McLeod, of the Union Bank. We congratulate the Island on the advent of such a responsible institution. | > >< .

Ws received a communication from “A Charlottetown Boy,” stating that there was no base ball club in Charlottetown in oper- ation to pit against “ Prince Edward.’? At the time the paragraph was written we were under the impression that there was

such a club in the city. We might ssy for the information of our correspondent that we have no cricket club in operation that would wish to play a match with the Char- lottetonians, as they are only amateurs.

The game of LaCrosse is not played here at all. We would like to know, however, i! there is no base ball club in Charlottetown,

why the Examiner wished our boys to send them a challenge.

[Whoever the ‘Charlottetown Boy” is that wrote the Summerside Journal saying there was no base ball club here, should ‘go West’’ and see the noble band of bat- ters who every evening practice in Major Lane’s Square. If the “ Prince Edward’s’’ wish to challenge, please forward it to Mr. Leo. Harrington, Sec’y pro tem., of the Charlottetown Base Bail Club, Herald Office, so as to arrange the match for Dominion Day.—Ep. Dany Ex, ]

MR. PROWSE’S LEPTER,

Berore passing judgment on the letter about which suci a hub+bub has been raised by the Presbyterian, it will be necessary to read the communication to Mr. Prowse, which called it forth. To the ordinary reader it would seem to contain only judicious advice from a member of the Government anxious to restore peace amongst quarreling Press supporters. The morale of the man who can see anything criminal

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Best Bepeque Oysters, at ‘The Con-

eet

New Advertisements. 7 TRADE a WE WILL OFFER

AT AUCTION,

the /Gth insi., at 77 Oo’ clock,

10 BBLS CANADA FLOUR, 100 bbls K. D. CORN MEAI,

50 boxes RAISINS, :

20 chests TEA,

15 casks Kerosene OIL,

50 sides Sole LEATHER,

25 dezen PAILS.

10 zinc Wash. BOARDS,

23 boxes SOAP,

® puns. Trinidad MOLASSES,

10 cases . iS hf do, } MATCHES,

100 Loxes Smoked HERRING, hae TERMS AT SALE.

FENTON T. NEWBERRY & CO, Ch’town, June 15, 1877.

LONDON — HOUSE.

NOW SELLING, AT VERY LOW PRICES,

to clear the balance of Summer Stock, in the following Departments, viz:

READY MADE CLOTHING, ‘DRESS GOODS, PRINTS,

STRAW GOODS.

Ch’town, June 15, 1877.

QUEEN INSURANCE CO,

OF ENGLAND.

Capital - - Two. Millon Sterling,

NSURANCE effected on all kinds of

Buildings, Merchandise, and Produ Also, on Vessels on the stocks. “Ty

Special rates for isolated residences. Losses settled promptly.

GEORGE MACLEOD (Union Bank), Agent for Prince Edward Island.

a

A NOVELTY!

(GLOBE CARDS! at BREMNER BROTHERS.

June 15

June 15—lin

BOARDS}

AUCTION, this Evening, FRIDAY,

JUNE 15th, at 6 o'clock m nolly’s Wharf, cargo schr. “eee cone

el, in Pine, Spruce, and

B*

Hemlock Boarps

A. MCNEILL, Auctioneer. No. 11 Queen St , June 18—lin

WOOL. WOOT.

7. Highest Cash Price paid for Washed and Unwashed Wool, by McKENZIE & STUMBLES,

: North Side Queen Square. Ch’town, June 15, 1877. ’ Sins. ’

The Best Turnip!

oe improved SWEDE TURNIP § 80 generally acknowledged to

best ever introduced into this Febtene that an adveriisement would be super- fluous were it not wecessary to inform those who sow this Sort exclusively, that that the Stock on hand is limited, sud the only place in P. E. I. to buy it is at Has-

a Sones STORE, Queea Square

Wants, ete., ete.

——ws

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ia” Advertisements under this heading, in Space not ex- ceeding half an inch, will be

inserted for TEN CENTS per day.

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ANTED— A _ good plain cook to

6° to Halifax. Recommendations required; good wages. Apply immediately at office of DaiLy Examiner.

WASTED, AT ONCE, at good wages, 4 or

5 Carpenters who uuderstand their business. No man need apply who thinks it a duty to leave his work in the busiest season for a ten days’ spree.

JAMES M. BUTCHER. June 1—2in

OARDERS WANTED.—Three or four

Boarders can be accommodated at the head of Queen Street. For particulars apply at the Office of the DalLy EXAMINER.

in it, must be exceedingly high,

July 14—4in

SALE, —

SATURDAY,