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THE GUARDIAN,

CHARLOTTETOVIUI

6EPTEMBER 30, 1949

THE Gunizbinisil

iiiurnin: Dally (Founded la illl?) hytboriled an o'er-and Clan-i Mali, Post Office Department. Ottawa.

The Inland Guardian Publishing Co. Iditor and Managing Dlrnmr, .i. R. llurneil. Alum-tale Editor, Frank Walker.

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"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than l“ the Weakest Ink"

CHABLOTTETOWN.

Atlantic Defense Framework

The revelation of Russia's progress in atomic warfare preparation gives added importance to the recently concluded meeting of the Council of the Atlantic Pact at Washington, which was at- tended by Hon. L. B. Pearson, Dominion Minister of External Affairs, and his Deputy Mr. A. D. P. Henry. The Canadian concept of the contribution we should make in a peacetime alliance is des- cribed as being "simple, and consist- ent for the sea, land and air forces." A\t sea, a concentrated effort would be made to build up cn anti-submarine fleet. In the air, fast jet fighters would be o major part of the equipment of the RCAF. On land, the army's fighting echelon would consist mainly of an airborne infantry bri- gade. All these are purely defensive forces, with tho paratroopeis being held in Canada to deal with any diversionary attack launched by an aggressor. Largcr land forces, perhaps five or six divisions, would be built around the present re- serve army units after the outbreak of war.

Apart from the military aspect of defence, there is a broader side. The Speech from the Throne said that "the economic health and stability of the nations of the North Atlantic community must be the real foundation of their ability to resist and, therefore, to deter aggres- slon." Defence and economics are inextricably linked. Military measures can have little value unless the economies of the North Atlantic na- tions are sound and stable.

FRIDAY, SEPT. 30, 1949

Vancouver Pays Tribute

The following editorial appeared in a recent issue of the Vancouver Sun.-

"We have a ‘lot of things to boast about here in B. C., but we've got no right to boast about our charity.

At the annual meeting of the Canadian Wel- fare Council in Montreal this week, results of a survey on charitable giving throughout Canada were presented. At the foot of the list of provin- ces, judged on a basis of both individual and corporation gifts to charitable purposes, stood B. C. At the top stood tiny Prince Edward island. The figures are exceedingly interesting. Canada gives $80,000,000 to charity yearly. A breakdown was made by checking income tax and succession duty returns, in which charitable gifts rate con- siderable exemptions.

"Almost half of Canada's gifts to charity are made by individuals with less than $3000 a year income. So ‘the little fellow pays’ is proven true again, says the chairman of the Council's Community Chests Division. Also striking is the fact that corporations account for only I3 per- cent of the total, although they can get a five per- cent deduction on taxable income for such gifts.

"The national individual donation rate is 1.3 percent of taxable income. Ontario and Que- bec give I percent; ‘P.E.l. is up to 2.2I percent. But going West through the Prairies the rote falls steadily till it sinks to half of one percent on our West Coast I? _ _

"Neither individuals nor corporations give anything like the amount they could give and still deduct from their taxable income. Among corporations, the retail trade makes the best showing, then construction companies. Agricul- ture, fishing and forestry companies are the least generous.

"Again, small companies give three times as much as big companies in proportion to in- come. "It makes one think, doesn't it?"

Experiment in Reform

Leyhill prison, Gloucesters-hire, England, formerly an American camp in beautifully tended grounds, is unique in Britain. Here prisoners are given a chance to reform in good Sliffbilftdliilgsilii- embittered by close seclusion in ugly buildings and the constant locking of doors. There are more than three hundred men, the majority of them first offenders, and all are _very carefully selected before being sent to Leyhill. They have on eight hour working day and many of, them are employed on surrounding farms and ore so trusted that they go to work each day on bicycles and return without supervision. Afterwards they are free until nine p. m. to work in their own gar- den plots, join the prison orchestra, dramatic so- ciety, various classes or debates. They can play games, read ar write in quiet rooms,_er listen t0 the radio. The prison chaplain is always’ in at- tendonce in the evenings to help men with any personal problems. The Governor of Leyhill, Mr. J. E. Henderson, was formerly Governor of Dort- moor and Wakefield gools. He maintains rigid discipline but the men are allowed such measure of’ trust as will awaken a sense of personal re- sponsibility in them for he believes that long sen- tences served in walled prisons can and do breed

bitterness and resentment. The number of es-i

capes from Leyhill is small in proportion to the number of offenders detained there; in I948 the gross population was four hundred and thirty- seven and the escapes only eight.

Fish As Food

Dealing with the question of increasing fish consumption in Canada, theOftawa Journal heads an article, ”Cooks arc Needed, More Than Pub- licty.” Delegates to the Fisheries Council during their stay in Ottawa, it remarks, sampled fish at a number of hotels and restaurants in the city and, it states:

flat and dull when set before them here. Some of the fish consumed by them, sad to say, had been out of the water too long. There are many factors entering into the deterioration of fish from the time it is caught until the cooked pro- duct is on the table. Sometimes it is the man who catches the fish who docs not carry enough ice in his boat or spends too long before bringing the catch to port. The shipper or packer may be care- less and there may be undue delay at both ends, or the fault may lie with the inland restaurant or his chef."

The fresh fish operators are no less con- cerned than meat processors to preserve the qual- ity of their output, but unless and until transpor- r tation and distributing services show the some high standard of efficiency-and that must be the main objective of any campaign—the con- sumers in far-off centres of population will not be enabled to appreciate the pleasure and satis- faction of fish handled and served in such a man- ner that its flavour and freshness are fully maintained and, in consequence, that greater consumption in the home market which could help so substantially in increasing production will not be Echieved.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Maritime Board of Trade.

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Damascus token by the British IQII.

_ The rain will serve to fill the wells and help

the plough. ' Calais surrendcfedxtoithe Canadians this date I944.

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Pipes are being laid bv the City Council in Brighton area for surface drainage - riot sewage as mistakenly assumed by some.

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Today, the tenth anniversary of the Empire Air Training Scheme, is being commemorated at Trorton, Ont. by memorial gates being presented by England, Australia and New Zealand.

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The 20 per cent enlargement of the reserve army called for by Defence Minister Claxton can be accomplished, but it means sacrifice of time and effort by youth and willing cooperation by

business.

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Seamanship of a high order was displayed by the Navy when the frigate H.M.C.S. Swansea towed the crippled R.C.M.P. supply ship Malahat I,200 miles along Hudson Strait to Goose Bay, Labrador.

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Prime Minister St. Laurent must have had in mind only Ontario and Quebec when he spoke of Canada and the Provinces coming into being with the B. N. A. Act. True, those two were creat- ed out of the old province of Canada, but the Maritimes have had a continuing existance from long prior to Confederation.

The Federal Public Building scheme is still to the front, another $50,000 towards the cost being provided for it in the supplementary esti- mates. Before going to Ottawa for the session Mr. Lester Douglas M.P. gave the assurance that everything was in readiness for a start of opera- tions as soon as the Public Works Department got the "OK" from the Minister.

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The, Canadian Press in its crop report ig- nores the prospects of this Province while empha- sizing that Nova Scotia will have "the best grain crops in history," and an "apple crop expected to be of the highest quality ever." Well, never- theless, our farmers are doing better than average and do not care who knows or ignores it.

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Pierre Corneille, French dramatist and poet, died this date I684. He was the father of French drama, one of the greatest, if not the greatest, of French tragic writers. His genius was essen- tially romantic. ll‘l breaking with the stilted style of the earlier writers of tragedy, Corneilile led the way towards the later romantic drama. His work brought him little monetary reward. "We triumph without glory when we conquer without danger. The honour of the conquest is rated by the difficulty."

What will a man not give for restoration to health? Take for instance, Mr. Fitzgerald of Los Angeles who has just arrived in Britain to undergo his 25th operation. Three years ago every major bone in his body was broken in an air crash but today, thanks to British surgery, he is carrying on his work as head of an American firm of tractor makers. Plastic surgeon to the Ir British Royal Air Force, Sir Archibald Mclndoo, | who has so far performed 20 operations on Mr. | Fitzgerald, made history in the First World War by restoring to normal life burnt and mutilated

airmen.

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The ladies got a_ surprise at Whickham, Dur- "ham, when they discovcrod their best needle l worker was a man. First prize for needlework at ' the local fair went to B. Payne. The embroidery ,was a floral scene with three-quarter life-size j birds worked in natural colors. lt was a splendid i piece of work and all the ladies wanted to meet Mrs. B. Payne. They got the shock of their lives. l A man came up to claim the silver cup-BB-yepr- old industrial chemist, B. Payne. But the ladies r took it in good part. lt was the first time he had entered a competition though he has been do- ing needle work for 28 years. I I D A present from New Zealand will enable one of Britain's most picturesque ancient customs to be revived this autumn. This is the Dunmow Flitch i trial by which a side (or flitch) of bacon is award- ed to the married couple who can swear before the‘ townsfolk of Little Dunmow that they have not repented of marriage nor quarrclled for o year and a day. Since the beginning__of_t_he war the presentation of this award has not been

,' possible owing to rationing restrictions. Iiit Phrt

"They found, as others have found before of a prize pig from New Zealand is being sot

them, that cod, halibut, haddock and oven sal- mon. which uri delicious when smcd at meals in the Mcritimeumifh one or two exceptions were

aside, especially for this purpose this autumn. The custom is said to have originated in the reign of King Henry ill-

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Another

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AN OLD WOMAN As a white candle In a holy place, So is the beauty 0f an used face.

As the spent radiance Of the winter sun.

5o ls a woman Wlih her travail doino.

Her brood gone from her. And her thoughts as still As the waters Under a ruined mill.

—Joseph Campbell.

Old Charlottetown (All! P. l. LI

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PABTING WITHOUT TBAES

Governor Smith wag notorious for his quarrels with the Legisla- ture, which he refused to convene for several years at a stretch. His recall was hailed with delight, but on the eve of his departure there was the following exchange of civiiitles:

“Charlotte-Town, Prince Edward Island, November 9, 1824.

"To C. D. Smith. Esq., late Lieu- tenant Governor of Prince Edward Island.

"Sir,

"It being your Excellency'| in- tention to embark immediately on your return to England, in conse- quence of your resignation of the Government of this IsianiL-We. the Members of His Majesty's Council and other principal In- habitants of Charlotte-Town arid its Vicinity, avail ourselves of the occasion to request, that. you will have the goodness to lay before His Majesty our most. dutiful and affectionate sentiments of loyalty and devotion to His Royal Person and Government.

"And we also request you will accept the assurance of our best wishes for your health and happi- ness and for the safe arrival of yourself and amiable Family. "We have the honour to be, Sir. "Your most obdt. hum. servts.’ "Signed by the Members of Council, Principal Officers of Gov- ernment, and two Justices of the Peace."

To which the was returned: "It is particularly pleasing to me under all circumstances to re- celve from the respectable persons on whose part it: is delivered, the present Address so expressive of loyalty and attachment, ta His Majesty. "I cannot but be most grateful for the personal good wishes con- talned in it towards myself and my family, and in return I assure you that I must ever feel a high interest in the Prosperity of a Colony whose welfare it is well known to many of you I have un- ceasingiy watched over. It ls my confident hope as well as my fer- vent wish, that the Island may continue to flourish under my suc- cessor alded as hr- wlll be by the same support and advice from which I have myself so much and so generally benefited. "With the warmest wishes. "I remain Gentlemen, ".Your most. obt. eervL,

"C. D. SMITH".

following answer

The shove correspondence was published in the Prince Edward Island Register of Nov. 2'1, 1824, in which also the following letter ap- pears: "Mr. Editor, "I have read in manuscript the late Governor's reply to the Ad- dress presented fa him by 171° Council and Government Officers. I cannot suppress my own feelings and conviction that. the major part of it ls uncalled for by the Ad- dress, arid I must. add, that ai- though I signed that very simple Address, I cannot receive the re- ply, for this very good reason. that it purports l0 q iiilfy the Ad- dress with sentlments, which I am confident are by no means P05595- sed by the individuals who sign- ed it. "Yours, &c.,

"W, WALLER"

The Boy Scout Movement i908-l948

iBy E. E. Reynolds in ‘me Quarterly Revlew) IV

in Mr. Trevor-Roper‘; ‘The Lest Days of Hitler.‘ he speaks of the ‘elementary. Bov Scout nature‘ of a member of Hitler's court.

Mr. Eric Partridge in ‘Usage and Abusnge.’ under the headiriz ‘War Adoptions — Totalltarlan,‘ vii-lies. ‘But only the Germans spoke of strength through joy. that pretentious phrase which. in the fact. implies a reglmented. Bnv-Scoullst joy . . .'

Even more recently Mr. Osbert Lancaster in ‘Classical Landscape‘ hes" written of ‘those regiments of ginger-bearded. whey-faced Scout- roasters which infest the Children's Corner in every church in the land.‘ and in another passage he writes of ‘sadistic Scoutmasters.‘

Such casual referencerdo much harm: they suggest to the general reader that there is something absurd and prigglsh in Seoutiniz. The association of Bov Scouts with Germany-one of the countries where thev have never taken root -ls peculiarly offensive.

Direct and well-reasoned criti- cism can be respected and answer- rd; indeed it would be good for Scouting to receive such invita- tions to defend its principles: but how does one comb-t innuendoes such as those auotedt

it seems a pity that writers whose words carry ideas into peo- ple's minds are not more careful in referring to the men and women who are helping in the Boy Scout and Girl Guide Movements. These leaders are off all typos; they are

not ‘whey-fueled,’ or ‘sadistic’: liters

THESE BOYS MAKE LIVING DiFFicuL-r.’

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Bell Ringer-

, . 2i IIIIIGNI ssii. , KI L Hill.

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Nor-them Opt-uric sliver camps an; more op mlstic about the white metal t an for many years past. There in a feeling that gold will not be the only monetary metal to benefit from the re- shuffling of currencies to more realistic values. Similar optimism is apparent about cobalt metal. usually found associated with sil- ver velnl in the Cobalt. and Gowgisnde camps, even_ though current. production is greater than consum ‘ion. The fact that more cobalt is to came from Canadian nickel mines and from Rhodesian copper operations, with the latter financed by United States govern- ment money, does not dampen en- thusiasm. — Northern Miner.

Paradoxical partners, the sen lamprey and the nylon net have Great Lakes commercial fishermen worried-because both are catch- ing too many fish. Fishermen fear the duo may puc an end to the fishing industry on the lakes, u $12 million a yea: enterprise em- ' playing more than 5. D9750!" and 2,000 boats. The United States and Canadian catch of fish from the Great Lakes usually is about 100 million pounds annually. The lamprey, an eel-like parasite with

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counters with a line of sales talk that. often sounds more like one of two things: the quick and lively patter of a music-hall comic, or the confession of B. jail-bird.

More often than not, it. is a com- bination of the two, with the

is nothing regimented about their voluntary service. nor do they pro- mote a false cheerfulness in the boys; the simple fact is that the boys enjoy their Scouting. ather- vise they would not be Boy Scouts; the choice ls freely theirs. Arid it ls at least better - to be cheerful than to go about with a long, glam face. O

Forty years is long enough for the true character of any organisa- tion to reveal itself; it flourishes because it has proved effective in developing a desirable type of character in the citizen of, today and tomorrow.

One quotation mgv be permitted as a counterweight to the glbes just quoted. An extract has already been given from one of Sir Rich- ard Livingstone’: books. Here is a more recent statement by him. “Britain is responsible for three original creations which in differ- ent fields and different ways have had great educational irrfiuerice— the Public School. the W.E.A., and the Scout and Guide Movements. The latter seems to me to do three main things.

"it develops interests and activi- ties for which most schools do not cater and which enrich life and develop character and capacity; it gives its members that habit of living and working with others which is the essence of good citiz-

a great ideal outside themselves.

"it is difficult to over-estimate what the nation owes to Baden- Powell and to those who have car- ried on his work. Nor will the nccci

once grow less tn serve each new generation as it grows up." There we are given a reliable estimate of what Scouting has been doing for forty years. If we cannot share in its work. let us at. least cheer on those who are do- ing the job.

(The End.)

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PUBLIC FORUM

This column ls open to the discussion by unPOlpOIldQIIfl of questions of interest. The Guardian does not necessar- ily endorse the opinion of correspondents.

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EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS

Sin-In your report of the grad- uation exercises of nursing sides at the Sanatorlum, Sept. 27th is. sue, you quote Premier Jones as i-eferring to the Island's educat- ional system which requires P.W. C. students to take Gradu- X plus the year after they pass entrance, instead of Grade Xi as in the oth- er Provinces.

We have really two educational systems here. Grade XI is em- Plvycd by Summerside and Mont- ague High and several secular schools in this Province. Grade Xi in these schools is s one-your course and it qualifies a student. to enter training for a Registered Nurse,

The other system here ls the one employed at Prince of Wales Col- lege. where it takes two years ‘.0 attain the equivalent of Grade Xi. In other words, the education- al requirements to enter training for a Registered Nurse is one successful year in any of the above mentioned schools or, two years in P. W. C.