m, W‘ _

"PAGE FOUR ‘our: GUARDIAN‘

Marina] Daily srouliilau ll 1B1) Ausiiorimi u: nei-unu clan shit, Pans Oftloo Department, Ottawa.

Tho iuliuul llulrdlull Puaiiohiaa Co. Idllnv and Managing Irina-tor. J l- B'"l"\ lam-circle Eilitnr, Fruisli ifalbaa. "The Strongest Memory‘ '3 wefike’ n".

the Weakest ink.” cmaLorTETmvN. SATURDAY. JULY z. 1949

liog Production Decline

A drop in hog production and a sharp in- rrease in domestic consumption since the end of the war have made it difficult for Canada to fulfil its bacon export commitment to the United Kingdom. As a result, a $2,500,000 Mm" shall-plan allocation to Britain for Canadian ba- :on has been cancelled. Factors responsible in- clude the stability the long-term wheat contract has given wheat growers; the high price of beef which followed the lifting of the embargo on Canadian cattle to the United States; the Short- age of farm labor, and in 1947 the removal of subsidies an western barley and oats sold to east- ern feeders.

From i945 to the end of 1948, consump- tion of pork in Canada rose from 50.9 to 54.2 pounds per capita, and from 577,920,000 to 698,- 360,000 pounds for the whole population. ln rhe same period production of hogs fell from 3,692,900 to 7,448,500. The outlook for this year s for a continuation of this trend, for the hog. aopulation at December, 194B, was only 4,604,- -l00 against 5,853,000 in 1945, and 5,381,000 in i947. Even with a very large coarse grain crop ‘his year, which is unlikely, these figures mean that hog production in i950 will probably remain 'elatively low.

The effect of the long-term wheat contract has been felt in feed grain production. Wheat ‘Ktéflge has risen from 23,400,000 in 1945 to an estimated 27,000,000 in 1949. At the same time, barley acreage has fallen from 7,400,000 in 1945 ' to 6,000,000 this year, and oats, from 14,400,000 in 1945 to 10,808,000 this year. In other wands, with an assured market for wheat at a satisfac- tory price, farmers have been sowing their land to wheat rather than to feed. The government's, decision to market oats and barley in a stable‘ way, announced a few weeks ago, may alter this trend. But open market trading in oats and bar- ley tended to reduce the acreage sown to feed grains when wheat was being marketed in a stable manner.

Unless the price of feed falls drastically in proportion to the price of pork or unless barley and oats were subsidized, as they were in i947, and unless, moreover, the farm labor shortage is overcome, meat will likely -remain in tight sup- ply ond prices high for some time to come.

An Obsolete System

lri no way minimizing the import of Mon- day's Liberal victory, an exchange suggests that when viewed in comparison with the popular vote, the results are not as impressive. In what is de- scribed as a record turnout of voters, the Liberals were favoured with slightly more th-an 50 per cent of the total, while Progressive Conservatives received 30 per cent and the C.C.Fers' between 13 and 14 per cent, with the remaining percent- age being divided among the Social Crediters and independents. The discrepancy between the total number of members of the respective par- ties elected and the percentages of the popular vote they received, stems from the outmoded sys- tem of balloting still followed in Dqninion elec- tions where three or more candidates contest a single riding.

By the prevailing method the contestant re- ceiving the highest number of favorable ballots is declared elected, notwithstanding the fact that in many multiple contests the combined total votes given the other candidates exceed those of the person having the top count.

lt is because of this so-called split-voting procedure that our Parliament, within the last Z5 to 30 years when third parties became more and more a part of the political scene, has had what are termed minority members — members who failed to score an over-all majority at the poll but having secured the greatest individual

count, were declared elected. ln Australia, the I

Republic of lreland and some other democratic countries the alternative vote system, sometimes referred to as second choice vote, governs and this assures a Parliament of members each one of whom are majority representatives by reason of the fact they have received more than 50 per cent of the total votes polled.

l Report on British Press

As was to be anticipated, the British Royal Commission on the Press has reported whole- heartedly in favor of the independence and singlemindedness of newspapers as a whole, while taking exception to the sensationalism and bias on the part of a few. The royal commission, in a 250,000-word report which took 26 months to complete, rejected all proposals for government control of the press. lt stressed thflt rarity of subsidies was on: of the notable features of the British newspaper industry. It refuted suggestions that political bios constantly operated in the industry. The commission found no evidence of pressure by advertisers to obtain omission or in- sertion of news items and it considered unneces- sary any legislation to break up "chains" of newspapers. Allegations along these lines waro port of the case of left-wing interests in the -Labor Party and in tho section of the prm sup- porting fio Labor Government when tho com- mission's appointment was under discussion in i946. Tha House of Commons voted in October, i946, for an investigation into "the finance, m". _trol, management and ownership of tho press." government appointed tho commission and ‘ii bogus-its work in April, i947. Tho commissimi hold that tholrltioh prose was "inforior to nono in tlio world” and "both thoso who own tho press and those who are employed on it would univor. sally condemn tho accaptanco or soliciting of bribes." but it found that in selection of nows

tboro were ggrgo instances, of bias or distortion

r

involving the line of policy pursued by the pm- prietor. The commission also criticized sensa- tionalism and intrusion into private affairs by the press. The commission, whose report now goes to Parliament where it will be stud-ied and debated, suggested that the general council of the press should consist of at least Z5 members representing proprietors, editors and other jour- nalists and having lay s amounting to about 20 per cent of the total, includina the chairman.

JEDITORIAL NOTES/i

Tomorrow, Third Sunday after Trinity. i i i

Our next public holiday will be Labour Day in far distant September. i‘ "k I

Green Gables golf course was largely patron- ized yesterday from early morn to dewy eve. it is in first class condition, reflecting credit on the superintendent and his staff.

Ir i i i

The country is at its loveliest just now, and‘

visitors as well as homesters were loud in their praise as they passed throughout it en route to the sandy beaches and places of picturesque and historic interest. There never was such another ideal placo to holiday find‘ live in. i

The Nova Scotia Ayrshire breeders say they experienced a little foretaste of heaven on their visit here. We like our visitors to enjoy them- selves, free from the hurry-skurry of business centres elsewhere. None of us works excessively hard, and never are we without a little butter or jam for our well-earned bread.

l‘ ‘I A‘

The financial crisis in Britain is merely a readjustment period in an endeavour to make the pound sterling as good a purchasing power as the American dollar. lt will take wise finan- ciers to bring this about, but Britons being what they are they will accomplish the process though meantime they will have to resort to some fur- ther restrictions and curtailments of their cus- tomary way of living.

i l

As will be noted in a letter in today's issue, Trans-Canada Air Lines have corrected their new maps to give Prince Edward island its due pro- minence and have expressed regret at the omis- sion in their maps previously issued, to which attention was called recently in these columns. This will be appreciated by all our citizens, and by the thousands who use the air lines annually in visiting us.

I 0 U

Approach of an era of unparalleled world trade com-petition was forecast by Frank Gold- berg, director of Golderg Advertising, Limited, Auckland, New Zealand, on the eve of his return home after a six months’ tour of Britain and Europe. Trade, gradually and inevitably, would grow more competitive and the whole technique. of salesmanship was likely to undergo changes in the next few years, he said. lt would be harder to sell inferior goods but quality products would have to be sold in the face of competing lines which, although of less merit, were backed by superior salesmanship.

l I I

The C. P. R. knows how to popularize their tourist hotels. Folks with young children can count on a carefree holiday if they stay at the Algonquin Hotel at St. Andrews or the Pines Hotel, Digby, Nova Scotia. At both these palat- ial summer resorts, trained personnel will take them off the parents’ hands at 10.00 in the morn-

ing and return them at 5.00 in the afternoon, -

leaving the parents free to enjoy other vacation activities. The children won't mind because they have their own playground complete with swings and sand boxes. When they're not there they'll besupervised in the protected salt-water enclos- ure at Katy's Cove, at St. Andrews, and in the glass-enclosed salt water pool at the Digby re- sort. l~f it rains, quarters have been set aside at both hotels where games will be played and where the children will be kept busy. lf neces- sary, they will have their meals in the child-ren's dining room from special menus. Altogether quite an alluring attraction for both parents find children.

g Joseph Chamberlain, British statesman, died this date I914. After retiring from ascrew-making business in Birmingham in i874, he devoted him- self to politics. As mayor was responsible for many reforms, e. g. the municipalization of gas and water supply, erection of improved munici- pal buildings for the labouring classes, abolition of much slum policy, laying out of open spaces for recreation, etc, etc. He entered Parlia- ment unopposed as John Bright's colleague. Af- ter that his progress in Liberal politics was rapid until 1885 when he opposed Gladstone's lrisih Home Rule policy, and became head of the Lib- eral Unionists who in time amalgamated with the Conservatives, being taken into Lord Salis- bury's cabinet when he was the first statesman to advocate old age pensions. He withdrew from the cabinet of Mr. A. J. Balfour to have freedom to advocate Tariff Reform to which he devoted the remainder of his public life. He was father of both Austen and Neville who subsequently distinguished themselves in politics.

i fi i

_ Manufacturers and local merchants have exhibited an increasing awareness of the power of newspaper advertising in the last three years. But few of them realize how potent this medium really is until they are forced to operate without it. Early this year a 28-day pressmen’s strike closed dawn both newspapers in Portland, Ora- gon. A survey just completed by tho Portland Retail Trodo Bureau revealed this affect on busi- ness. Eighty porcant of the stores statod traffic was down during tho strike; 72 por cont. folt a doclino in business; B3 por cont. of thorn sub- stituted other moans of advertising and publicity; 70 por cont of them said thoy wont’ not continua tho substitute methods. In other words (says

GUARDIAN.

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PUBLIC FUR UM

This column ta open to the dlscusalon by correspondents of questions of lntereat. The Guardian doe: not aoueamr-

ily r the ,' ‘ of

correspondents. 1~§0Oi¢ P.E.l. NOW 0N T.C.A. MAP! -

Sin-la a recent issue of "The Guardian" l noticed your editorial concerning the fact that: Prince Edward Island was not identified on the new map shown in the June 1st. issue of the T. C. A. timetable.

I would like to assure you that this oversight was entirely unin- tentional and resulted from the fact that recent changes in our route structure required the pro- duction of a new map and the cartographer, under pressure of time, inadvertently neglected to show the connecting service with Charlottetown and also failed to identify the Province of Prince Edward Island. Unfortunately, the proofreaders also failed to catch this error and the incomplete map appeared. The cartographer has been instructed to make the necessary corrections and these will appear in the August. issue of the timetable.

Trans-Canada Air Lines is in- terested in stimulating travel to every part of Canada. Our offices throughout Canada and the United States and the overseas points of the system have full knowledge of the fact that air services are available between Moncton and Prince Edward Island and passenl gers travelling to Prince Edward Island points are made fully aware of the fact that the entire journey can be made by air.

I am enclosing some of the other booklets put out by Trans-Canada Air Lines in which maps are in- corporated ancl all of which iden- tifies Prince Edward Island.

Please accept our apologies for the error in the map referred to and our assurance that corrective action has been taken.

l am, Sir. etc.

R. C. MACINNES Director of Public Relations Trans-Canada Air Lines Montreal Airport, Darval. Que. June 28. i949. i

Doubfless there still survive co-

pies of old sclioolbooks used in this island a century ago. Here is a partial list, from the report of John Ross. Georgetown. school vis- itor for King's County, for the half-year ending July, 1848:

“In twenty-four of the Dial-flat Schools, Murray's Render (frequent- ly Humphrey’: Edition), Introduc- tion, and Spelling ooka, with cas- ual interspersions of Carpenterfi Assistant, the Universal, P. E. Is- land, Barnum and Chambers‘ Spell- ing Books, are used an text bookn. In addition to various elementary works, the Daily Lenon Books adopted in the Schools of the British and Foreign Bible Society, from Nos, 1 to d, inclusive, are used cl olau books in the school at White Sands: Swan's Primary and District School Reader iri tho Big Bulls (lot 44) lchaoi, and Challonei-‘a History of the Old arid New Testament in the one at Norris’ Pond. Gray's Arithmetic. Lennie‘: Grammar, Stewart. Gold- smith isnd Chambers’ works on Geography. are the booka from which instruction in those ro- apectlve branches la conveyed."

Regarding religious instruction, the report sfotea that "tho Pro- testant authorized voralon of tho Scriptures la read in some schools. the Douay in others. in mixed schools, both versions are uood. without exposition of doctrinal polnu, or allusion to thorn. rm Catechism: of the Plfllcular de- riomlnatl to which tho children belong, are sou ht. thorn. when their

.Olcl Charlottetown (All P. l. I)

—_-

SCHOOL TEXTBOOKS

SHADOWS

Ara they shadows that we see? Arid cm shadows pleasure Si"? Pleasures only shadows be.

Casi. by ‘oodles we conceive.

And are made the things we deem In those figures which they 809m-

Bui these pleasures vanish fast. Which by shadows are expressed; Pleasures are not, if they 1115i’; In their passing is their besi- Glory is most bright rind gay

ln s. flash and so away-

Feed space. then. creed! Q99!

On the wonder you behold:

jrake it. sudden as it flies.

Though you take it not to hold- When your eyes have done their

pa . Thought. must length it in the heart.

--Samuel Daniel (1563-1619).

Electric Brain Stores Facts By Millions

(Wall Street Journal)

booking for s needle in s haly- stack? Let the new "Riapld Selec- tor" help you.

This electronic brain will pore over some 60,000 bits of informa- tion a. minute. pick out the bit. of knowledge you're after, and make a picture of it. for you. | The Agriculture and Commerce departments in Washington gave ‘the first public demonstration of _the rapid selector. developed by . Engineering Research Associates of lMlnneapoiis, Mlnn.. from basic ~pririclplea originated by Dr. Van- nevar Bush when he was at. Mass- achusetts lnstitute of Technology.

Ohlel’ use of the new machine: Storing, classifying and reproduc- ing information. It. is described as a. boon to libraries and other lnstl- tutions where considerable research is carried on and new data wlloct- ed. '

Here's how it works: The rapid selector uses a standard 35 milli- meter motion picture film. Each reel will store data. equivalent to the contents of 500.000 conventional library cards. Information 1a photo- graphed on a. frame of film. along with a code identifying the sub- ject. Say you're looking for iri- forrnation about streptomycin, the drug.

Just slip the master key card for streptomycin into the rapid selec- tor. The machine's photo-electric eyes then give the film a quick once-over. checking 60,000 differ- ent pictures a rnlnute and auto- matically plclciri; out the ones dealing with streptomycin.

QUIGKIES

Why Newfoundland Voted Liber'ai

(Irons The Timon Newfoundland

Correspondent) The sweeping victory of the Liberal Party in Newfoundlandb

first provincial election may be attributed to the people’: desire for social and economic advance- ment.

ln a great measure the division of votes uulTQlpOlldl to that in the referendum last. July on the issue of Ferrylnnd. and Placentla Si. Mary's, which were all strong- ly anti-Confederate in the refer- endum, the Llberal candidates were also defeated.

In all districts, however, which were pro-Confederate in the refr- endum the vote was overwhelm- ingly Liberal. In other words, the election result-a may be regarded

- tes By

A Canadian who well underatanda the importance of boosting British imports recently had occasion to buy half a million dollars worth of special ecu‘ ent for a new bulld- ing. Ho directed that British sup- pliers bo naked to bid for the busi- neu. Full lpeclficatlons were sent with the invitation. Over a month later he received a reply, apologiz- ing for the delay, saying the firm "might" be interested. asking if an engineer could come over to in- vestigate in about two months. What ‘appene’? The Canadian hit the roof, telephoned a U. S. sup- plier. An engineer was here about 24 hours later and in i8 hours the contract for U. S. equipment was signed. —- Toronto Financial Post.

Justice Manson bu Just done

l! I Tfliflrmlui"! '9! the P991919" ‘something that ha: amazed some

decision in favour of confedera- tion.

The people of Newfoundland have not been Canadians long en- ough to see any clear distinction between the policies of the two major parties. But they believe the Liberal Party to be tradition- ally progressive and attribute ra- actionary tendencies to what they call the Tory ‘gs-guilt;

There can be no doubt that dur- ing the period of l5 years of gov- ernment by commission the people of Newfoundland acquired new conceptions of the changed condi- tions which by progressive admin- istration might be brought about in the way of life of that large proportion of the population who are producers. many of whorn had eked out a precarious existence for generations and had 111116 share in what are regarded as ordinary amenities in many other parts of the world. .

ln whatever else the commission may have failed. they were in- strumental in bringing social Ind economic benefits within 111611‘ roach. Holpltall. medical. and nursing oer-vices were instituted throughout the island. education- al facilities were increased. town councils were set up, trade un- ions were encouraged to improve their organization. and the co-op- eratlve system was introduced.

Bait depots, the reorganization of the fisheries. the construction of roads and bridges. the revival of shipbuilding. and measure» tak- en to stimulatlve agriculture all contributed to a more diversified and stable ECOEIOTY.‘

Responsible government had brought about no such improve- ment in conditions-in fact it could'not, however great might have been the desire of succes- sive administratirrns. The funds were not available — even with recourse to the loan markets. The rejection of a return to responsible government may well be regard- ed as expressing determination to take no chances of going back to the old order. Confederation was regarded as involving a policy of social and economic progress.

It is not unreasonable to as- sume that similar feelings prompt- ed the electorate to vote so over- whelmingly for the Liberal Party. The electorate was aware of the immense development of Canada during the Liberal regime, the great war contribution which the Dominion was able to make, and its remarkable adjustment from war ta peace-time conditions.

"Conservative" was a party

machine then snaps pictures of them an separate fi s.

The whole machine in o. sleek. grey cabinet about six feet. high. eight feet long and three feet deep. Its inner works appear when

pie that if there was where it was particularly fitting that a Cunadla ently displayed it was in n Cann- dian court room iiistlce was being administered. -— Varicouver News-Herald.