PAGE FOUR FFHE GUARDIAN. CHARLOTTETOWN _..aNUARY 5, 1950 T H E G U A R D I A N The life insurance industry firmly believes Nearby A mam sun Ari-Wm wmw.-.~.-.-.-.r.e.-.-.-i.v.- in the time-tested principle that citizens I; ........:::':':-..':.:.": .a".*::"<:::..'~..::r"....... ‘heestlves “a” ‘he "1"?" "“*?°P%“”“‘Y f” T‘ Notes B7 The Way T
‘T i l Dcpnrtmcéit, on-wu-i, providing, through their own initiative and a ldltorhdnrll-illiiiiudiiiunr lll-lg-viiilr? rim-nut. thnftv for the ‘velbbelng of themselves and A correspondent tn Central Aiu- thousand pounds oif ham, 5,000
Alnnriale Editor, Frank Walker.
"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk"
CHARLOTTETOWN. THURSDAY, JAN. 5. 1950. The Bacon Situation
On the principle that half a loaf is bet- ter than no bread, the new Anglo-Canadian bacon contract will be accepted by our farmers with resignation, but certainly not with satisfaction. Production costs to our Island bacon producers are about as high as in any part of Canada, and there is no immediate prospect of these costs being re- duced. The new contract at ‘)9 ccnts a pound, 7 cents lower than the previous con- tract price, is for 60,000,000 pounds only.
‘Last year about 100,000,000 pounds were
shipped to the United Kingdom, . and we should have as much of an export bacon surplus this year as last. This means that a 40,000,000 pound surplus will have to be marketed elsewhere. If Ottawa lifts the embargo on shipments to the LTnited States, we shall be expected to remove our own im- port restrictions on American pork products, which are selling in the United States at lower than Canadian prices.
According to an Ottawa despatch in our yesterdays issue, the British authorities were agreeably surprised at the 29-cent level obtained for Canadian bacon this year. They had expected to pay at least 3O cents. Our bargaining experts appear to have been in an over-generous mood at our farmers’ ex- pense.
Until next July, the Federal Treasury will maintain the bacon floor price at 32.5 cents a pound. This will afford temporary relief, and in the meantime it is to be hoped that some plan will be developed for mar- keting our bacon surplus and reducing pro- duction costs. This Province has been in the vanguard in developing superior quai- ity bacon hogs in recent years, and we have a big stake in the future of the industry. If it is allowed to deteriorate it will not only mean losses in dollars and cents, but may upset our whole system of mixed farming on a profitable and progressive basis.
Ceylon Conference
Top economic experts of Commonwealth countries and Canada's External Affairs Minister Pearson will confer, starting next Monday, on problems of trade and finance. Perhaps the most significant aspect of it is that they are meeting at the invitation of the youngest Dominion, Ceylon, which not long ago formed part of Britain’s colonial empire. When once the independence and sovereignty of each unit has been unmis- takably recognized, the voice of reason makes itself heard, and the advantage of working together toward common aims no longer has to compete with the unreasoning but potent desire to discard all the trap- pings of imperialism. The results which come from this conference may be great or small, but they have the advantage of being the free decision of all participants.
insurance Companies Expand
The past half century has witnessed a phenomenal development of social services in Canada, but it is encouraging also to note the great progress which free enter- prise in the form of life insurance company sales has made in the same period. Accord- ing to a year-end review by Mr. H. L. Guy, president of the Canadian Life Insurance Officers Association, there was less than F4100 of life insurance in force pcr capita in this country in 1900. Today there is more than $1,000 per capita. Twenty-five times more life insurance protection was put in force in 1949 than in 1899, although the population was less than three times as great.
Life insurance purchased by Canadians in 1949 amounted to about $1,600 millions, exceeding moderately the record amount of new protection bought in 1948. By the end of 1949 Canadians had provided voluntarily for their families and themselves protection of not far short of $1414 billions.
In 1949 the life insurance companies in Canada practically doubled their financial support of national public health and medi- cal research projects through the public health committee of their Association. Since 1925 they have supported such organizations as the Canadian Tuberculosis Association, Canadian Dental Hygiene Council, National Committee for School Health Research and Health League of Canada to the extent of nearly one million dollars. Last year they undertook an important additional project to provide medical research fellowships each year-one for each of the twelve medical schools in Canada.
“ "Of recent months," Mr. Guy states,
more-and more attention has been focussed upon mass social aecuritymeasures under federal or provincial control and supervision.
their families. The industry is not opposed to sound social security measures, for the selling of such services has been the func- tion of the life insurance business since its inception. Nevertheless, in the long run, there is no financial magic: no government can produce something out of nothing; and to distribute, or redistribute, it must first take away. The public should realize that compulsory pension and medical care and hospitalization plans requiring huge outlays from federal and provincial treasuries- which must, in the final analysis, be paid for by the already heavily burdened Cana- dian taxpayers—could seriously cripple the national economy."
Few thinking people will disagree with this conclusion, however desirable the ob- jectivcs of social welfare planning may be.
EDI TURIAL NUT ES
The mild weather is permitting out-door work to be proceeded with, and the employ- ment of many in construction work who otherwise might be shovelling snow.
O O O
The Conference of Defence Associations today begins its 13th meeting, a three-day affair at Ottawa. This association of ex- servicemen‘s organizations is probably the best informed non-official body on military matters in this country at the moment.
O O O
It would be interesting to determine if the heavy vote in favour of Sunday com- nierciai sports in Windsor and Toronto would have been the same had it been ex- pressed as a choice between a six and a seven day legal working week.
O O O
A London clergyman, Canon L. J. Col- lins of St. Paul's Cathedral, has advised Christians to get into the thick of political controversy. There would be no surer way of making politics tin-Christian than for his advice to go unheeded. -
O O O
On top of the unsatisfactory bacon agreement with the United Kingdom, Agri- culture Minister Gardiner announces that the bacon subsidy will be discontinued after July 1, 1950. A stirer way of reducing pro- duction in this country could hardly be imagined.
O O O
“Too little and too late" now seems to be applicable to United States aid to China. Assistance was not great enough or early enough to achieve victory for the nationalist government but it does succeed admirably in producing strained relations with its suc- cessor.
O O O
Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton, British ex- plorer, born this date 1874; went to sea in the Merchant Service, and in 1901 was ap- pointed third lieutenant in Scott's Antarc- tic expedition. He commanded the Brit- ish Antarctic expeditions of 1907-9 and 1914-16. Author of "The Heart of the Antarctic", “The Diary of a Troopship", and “South".
O O O
The United Kingdom Parliament has reached agreement on a Bill to facilitate the redesigning of Parliament Square, London. There had ‘been much argument in both Houses over the details — particularly over the proposed removal of the well-known drinking fountain, which commemorates the abolition of slavery in the Commonwealth. Redesigning of the Square will be completed in time for the Festival of Britain in 1951.
O O O
A high level of national advertising and promotion is needed to protect butter from margarine sales inroads, members of the American Butter Institute were warned at their annual convention. The virtual ab- sence of national brands of butter, while margarine interests have a number of ne- tional brands, is an important factor, it was pointed out. The need for national advertis- ing and for promotion of specific brands of butter under self-service marketing condi- tions, was stressed.
O O O
Only 18 per cent of Canadians who are not Roman Catholics attend religious ser- vices regularly, Rev. John Peacock, Cowans- ville, Que., told students attending a short course in rural community programs at Macdonaid College. He said this was large- ly because churches were not meeting the real needs of the population. “Since soil is basic to all our lives," he said, “the church must look to the earth." He added that church members “should see that their organizations do something about improving the soil." People who live on depleted soil are inclined to degenerate, Mr. Peacock said, but when the soil is improved the health and intelligence of people on it also rises. So no_plan for making lives more abundant has much chance for success, he added, unless it is based on building up the soil. ,
WE'LL BE
Joann‘! - on-
Tmz- SPOT.’
Old Charlottetown (All! P. l I)
CURRENCY DEPRECIATION
Changes in the value of cur- rency caused a good deal of con- fusion in settling accounts in early days in Prince Edward Is- land and were viewed with 81>’ prehcnsion by the Home Govern- ment, as appears from the follow- ing dcspatch from the Lords Com- missioners of Her Majesty's Treas- ury, Downing Street. London. 3rd November. 1853:
"According to the Act of 1049. it is declared that the proportion which the currency of the island shall henceforth bear to sterling money, shall be, as one and a-l-talf is to one; that is to say, £1 ster- ling shall represent 30s. currency, and that is. sterling shall rep-
‘resent 1s, 6d. currency. end so on,
in the same proportion. At the samc time. it appears that, in cases of rents reserved in sterling money. it has been at all times. the practice to convert them into currency, by the addition of one- ninih of the amount so reserved. in sterling money.
“This practice originated nn the assumption which at lcast ap- propriates to the real state of the case. that the dollar represented 5s. in the currency of the Island; and that the sterling value was 4s. 6d, in which case. the addition of one-ninth to the sterling rent would give in currencv the full equivalent of the sterling value.
so long as those relative values continued. lt appears, however. that from excessive issues of
paper money and other causes. a continued and rapid depreciation of the currmicv wont forward. and that in i843 or '4 the dollar was enuai to 6s. currency. and shortly afterwards. to 6s. 3d, at which it ivas finally fixed by the Act of i849, in the Same proportion as 20s. sterling in 30s. currency.
"lt appears that the Crown and the majority of landlords. in place of adhering to the strict rights conferred bv their original leases. acquiesced in the depreciation end habitually received their rents in currency by the addition of one- ninth to the amount reserved in sterling, without any regard to the increasing depreciation. . .. ft therefore appears to my Lord: that although it might have been inequitable to the original land- lord to have compelled him to ac- cept the some amount of deprecia-
ted currency which he had received
in aterlind. yet it would now be equally inequitable to the present tenants to compel them to pay in an appreciated rate after custom. during n long period of yearn. has practically changed the meaning of the original lei-ms employed tn express the rent: nor do my Lords think it any injustice to the ex- lstlm! race of landlords. that a practice which has so long ex- isted under a depreciation equal m that now legalized. should be rendered plain by law. . .
"But my Lords cannot disregard the dangerous principle which is involved in the practice which has thus arisen. of exposing con- tracts. providing for the payment of money in a special way. to the effects of continued depreciation. an if no such contract existed: and they are. therefore. not in» sensible to an inconvenience end lnJustice which may hereafter ‘be done to the landlords of Prince Edward island. in the case of a further depreciation of the cur- rencv beyond that in which the landlords have practically ac- nuiesced. by the pannimz of an Act which shall now declare that a payment of currency, by an ad-
_dGenera iTlWJope ohm
so fnr as Ottawa knows, still op- erating under a gnted iron.
as an office in Bonn, the sent of the new German Parliament. General Pope, mind you, is dean of the diplomatic corps there. He it was who speech the other dny when
other house hunter
out. courage or cven permit her East- ern zone of Germany to join the
1933. The won’ under Dn Con," Adenmnq-mnny an carefully ea they
Shuttle In Germany ‘ (I.N.S. in (Tttawa Journal) Lt, Gen. Maurice Pope, MC, is
sheet. of corru-
This is all he can gel; to serve And
the principal the foreign diplomats journeyed from Berlin to Bonn to present their letters of credence to the new authorities.
But if General Pope is Just an- in Bonn, as Under-Secretary Arnold Hceney told a Parliament committee inst month, he has still a comfortable suburban residence in Berlin.
Now this isn't as strange as. it sounds. For General Pope repre- sents Canada in both cities, lins two jobs. The only odd thing is that in neither is he our repre-
made
sentntive to the German people or the German government.
. o . Here's the way it. is in Ger-
many as 1949 becomes 1950. After the war Germany-will Ger- muny-wns run by Allied Control Council made up of Frnncc, Brit- nin, the United States and Russia. Other countries sent Military Mis- slonn to that Council, not so much to aid in government as to watch
anti l will hear them: It is My people; and they nlinli say, The Lord l5 My God.
control. It ls now Allied High Commission for West- ern Germany and it lives at Bonn alongside the German parliament. General Sir Brian Robertson, n
Germany and nttend to their nn-.
tionni interests. Gcnerni Popc headed the Canndian Military Mis- sion,
By and by Russia refused to co-opernte in the Council, walked Russia also refused to en-
West in establishing a German government. Things grew tense for a while-the Berlin airlift and all that. Then the tenseness passed off into cold rupture.
But France, Britain and the United States decided they must act up a German government ovcr their zones of Germany even if the Russian zone remained out. An occupation statute was worked out, elections were held August 14 tor the first time in Germany since Christian Democrats
The Republic of West Germany, was established, its parliament in. lit at Bonn, a Ruhr city just louth of Cologne near the W"! Ger- man border. _
Britain, Franco and the United States realized that the term "Allied Control Councii" wouldn't round too pleasingly in German can any more. Yet they had i0 remain in Germany, and in con- trol of such things as foreign pol- icy, dinrmament, aviation, trade and demiiiterization.
So they changed the name and nature of their main organ of
dition of one-ninth to sterling obligation, shell be n legal ac- quitiance.
“Suppose that the currency oi Prince Edward island were to be- come further depreciated in real- ity, whether sanctioned by an Act. of the Legislature or not, the effect of the proposed Act would be to compel landlords to receive still the aeme nominal amount of rent, or in reality to lower rent. By every such further deprecia- tion the landlord would lose, and the tenant would geln. and though my Lords are of opinion that by cuatom the landlords have de- bnrred ‘hemselvee from now claiming their rents strictly as or- iginally reserved. yet that on every consideration of equity, they should be protected against any further lose consequent upon further depreciation from tamp-
ernment,
Allied Control Council hangs in Berlin, though the Russians say
erinl with the currency."
v
' glhe Age-Cid Story
v QDZIEE C
They shall call upon My name, I will any,
called the
soldier, represents Britain; Andre Francois-Poneet, n diplomat, repre- sents France; J. J. McCloy, busi- nessman, represents the United States.
In this Commission resides all the control of Germany the vic- tors feel they need without per- manently crippling thnt vast and vitnl country and without embit- terlng it to the point oi dangerous enmity.
In diplomatic parlance Germany is not yet a sovereign state. She is being encouraged to develop hcr- self to take hcr place in the fam- ily of nations, but under close watch. Hcr new government is the first big step.
I O I
The rest of the countries of the world naturally needed to change their representatives to recognize this new state of affairs. Ac- cordingly, the heads of a num- ber of Military Missions tojhe old Control Council buck in Ber- lin went in Bonn on December 15 and presented letters of cred- ence. Not to the German gov- but to the Allied High Commission.
General Pope being the longelt termer in Berlin he was leading man at the ceremony, Making whnt despntches would term "up- pi-oprlute remarks" Grrernl Pope thus became “head of the Cuna-
dlnn Mission Accredited to the High Commission. Meanwhile, however, the old
on
it is dend and has been denri since March, 1948, At any rate, if there
is not a Council there are three military missions of Britain, France
and the United States and they
lire watching Berlin and East Ger-
can. There also remain: n three-power rnmmandtlfura helping to run Ber- lin for the High C mminion. And
no General Pope retains hia poet in
Berlin-and his houae. And this is doubtless ell right by him, for even in Germany life is better with arouse.
O
Some men might be stumped by the double-role assignment to Gen- eral Pope. But he won't. He’: a general all right, but a very civil general. l-le works in his flower nnri vegetable garden, walks his doze (one la the size of a horse). writes voluminous deflpnf/Ches beck to the East Block, reads the Lon- don Timea and pounce! on every visitor from Canada to get: the new; from home. If a military "do" is called for he can turn out nil fire and fanfare with the moat brilliant berk in hi| voice-but one suspects he'll care more for the civilian side of his dutiel, particu- larly now that Bonn ha; given them pro-eminence.
General Pope ian‘t alone over there. His No. 1 man. P. T. Mol-
lflfl. will likewise double between Berlln- and Bonn, and his No, 2 "M". Contain R. C. O. O'H'egan. Right
will camp down at Berlin.
be an extremely
well upon general European recov-
soon get. something better than a
cision.
erice tells of bananas grown on old oil lands. l.t the cross ‘cui- tivation wvorke, who knows -— we may shake 1052 political speeches from ti-ees.—Detrolt News.
It la chimed that you can al- ways tell the retired military man by the way he carries hie rolled umbrella. 1f be throws it into the air every few yards you can even bet he is a retired drum major.-—Punch.
The equipment of the Anglo- Swedisli - Norwegian expedition which is to sail for the Antarctic is a striking commentary of the pro- gress made in such matter since Franklin went off in the Erebus and Terror, and M'Clininck fol- lowed in the Fox to find him. Ten
now the word is that both Moi- son and O'Hagan are house-hunt- ing in Bonn-whether this means collecting bits of corrugated iron to make a hut isn't clear. At any rate expense doesn't need too greatly to concern them: Ger- mony is still paying nil our Bcr- lin bills. ' To complete the picture of Can- ada in Germany: in Frankfurt A. J. Hicks continues as Consul and there are other "bodies" around and about looking nfier immigra- tion rinti lrnde-qiresumnbly nil roofcrl and fed. .
a o
pounds of sugar, 10,000 pounds t\i throat pastilles, telephones, wire- less transrmittcrs and receivers, typewriters and adding machines, will serve to relieve t-he monotony of the present expedition and help to promote its success, to say noth- ing ot maintaining the good tom- per of the company on their lone- ly vigil. M'Clininck in the Fox took with him ample provisions for 2B months, including preserved meals for every third day, and preserved vegetables, lemon juice, and pickles for the daily ration, "also as much of Messrs. Alisopti‘: stouiest ale as we could find room for." tlt will be noticed that the present expedition is inking only “enou-gh whisky and schnapps for a nip per man on Sfillli'il'l_\'$"l But. the fond which sounds most curious today is pc-niniicnn, with which McCliniock was liberally supplied. Tlic- Admiralty provid- ed him with 6.60! pounds of it,
which, as he explained in hislac- count of his IlHFLlCCPSSfIIl qucs‘, was “composed of 1irinic heel cu’. into thin shots and (irictl over a
wood-fire; then pounded up and mixed with about an equal wrighl of melted beef fzii." Th‘ \\'1li‘ill pcmmicnn ivas then l‘llTi mm strong tin cases and hem-no linrri on cnniing. - The iilfilifllrcivr Guardian.
That's about it. But the task in Germany ls not going to be; easy, despite the frivolous nature‘ of the foregoing effort to describe our representation,
Just how difficult can be seen at a glance:
West Germany's population of 45,000,000 is 71 per cent of all Germany but it produces only 45 pcr cent of the food. West Ger- mnny has 61 per cent of Germany's industrial production, and this un- noys Russia. Russia is offering, or pretending to offer, Eastern Germany the moon. The Western Allies don't want in lose the pro- pagnnda war in West Germany. But the people of France won‘t stand idly by to see Germany built up again, for any purpose. France has memories.
And so the struggle for nnd in n nation goes on. The Western Allies hope that the new German govern- ment will become a democratic strength. Thus far l! has also shown itself to be something of a nationalist strength. its speakers are growing bold in criticism of the Western Allies. It is going to llflfli campaign for the Allies to win, dependent as
cry. One hopes General Pope will sheet of corrugated iron, This is no bivouac atop he's making. it is still military occupation but with- out the tidinens of war-time de- Tlie General! got to play it soft and politically as well as hard nnrl soldieriy. And the com. muting run between the two posts is 350 miles!
7A.. %eo6mw
BY THE Manors or THE GREAT DEEP
When the breath of ttviiight blow; to flame the misty skies All iii vapflrous sapphire. violet glow and silver gleam With their magic flood me through the gateway of the eyes: one with the t/ivllight’: dream.
Iam
When the trees and skies and fields are one in dusky mood, Every heart of man is rapt within the mother's bueastt
Full of peace and sleep and dreunl in the vnsty quietiide.
I am one with their hearts nt rest.
From our lmmemorlai joys of
hearth and home and low,-
Sti-nyed away along the margin of the unknown tide,
All its reach of soundlcss calm can thrill rue far above
Word or touch from the lips be- side.
Aye. and deep and deep and deep- er let me drink and draw From the olden fountain more than light or peace or dream. Such Primeval being as (ferfills the heart with nwc, Growing one with its silent stream.
—G. “l. Russel. I
patronage during the peat your,
HYNDMAN 8r
IN SURANCE
Otflcea: Charlottetown -
APPRECIATIUN
We wish to thank our many Pollcyhoidci-a for their liberal
assuring them that our efforts
to provide a complete Insurance service will not he roinxerl.
The Management, Staff and Agency organization Join in e!- lcndlng to all. the Soalon’; Greeting‘,
C0. LIMITED
SINCE 1812
Bummeraide — Montague
Agents Throughout The Province
PROFESSIONAL chaos
Dr. A. L. Meclseee
DENTIST Dent-ll X-Rl!
1pm nunmnll m 0mm so. Phone m
A. Walther: Gender. LL.B.
BABBISTIB. SOLIOITUB, Ice. Phillipa Building lll Grafoon Fitted
Money to Loan Collection:
Chas. R. MeQueid
1A. BABBISTBB. SOLICITOII, NOTARY, Etc" lantern Truat ilullding OIIABUOTTETOWN Phone 1111
J. S. TAYLOR
Optometrist Eyea examined, ' fit- ted
Corner Kent 0i Queen! Sh. Office Phone l956—lIouse I01!
Frederic A. Large, ILC. IAIIISTII» BOLIOPIWB, NOTARY Royal Bank of Canada Ohambele Charlottetown, P.E.l. lueeeaaor '
George l. Tweedy, L0.
Joseph R. MeeMillen, LL.B.
BARBISTER, SOLICITOR, lie. 75 Queen Street PHONE ‘I'm
Money to Loan Uollootlona
OFFICES: IN OIAIILOTTETOWN:
Charlottetown.
i-Tlnctrleai Contractor
WIRING AND REPAIRING
IBNIBT I- ‘RAMSAI. l” Ill AW Phone ICON "
and COMPANY
CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS Ilalifaa,
Glaagow, Truro, Kentville. Randolph W. Manning. M. Sean, O.A., Lorne If. Ivea, C.A., W. Grant Thompson, (LA.
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r: mo - im , no: w Iill. W. HIGGINS ' ennui-nun ACCOUNTANT corms BUILDING _ an. m0 cnnawnnowu. r. 1:. I. in: r