THE GUARDIAN

Puollnbod ovary nook-day morning n no Prince street. Ch-i lotutown. P. l. L. by I'M Thomocu Company Limited. tconn Prince Edward lnlnuil LII: Inc Dan" Editor and Manage . In A Hurneli.

Annotate Editor. Frank Walker

branch office: ll Summeulae. Moniuue nno Alberton. Autho- lxed no second Clan Mail by the P05! Office Department.

Oluwn.

by Carrion Charlottetown. Summon-not usoo per annum Elise

IIIII1 in P. E. I 89.00. other Province: and U S A Ilzm per nnnum.

"The strongest memory is weaker than. the welkest Ink."

FRIDAY. OCTOBER 22. 1954

So Much For The Mind

Milton called a good book the life blood of a master spirit, and Gcvernoi General Massey may have had this definition in nind in an address delivered in Toronto on Tuesday. At any rate, he saw in good books-or more precisely in the reading of good books--a sure means of checking thr- ”rapid and degrading dcpersonalization which is the threat of oui times " His Ex- cellency deplored the relative decline in the use of books in this age of mass recreation- al media. ”They are being replaced,” he said, ”by radio in its various forms, by television and, of course, by the cinema.

The 1351 WV0 Tellresent iIlCl'935iIlEl'll' the Pl't"t farm prices over an extended period with-

torial tastes of the masses who are turn- ing more and more to wordless cartoons or to pictures in which the captions are couched in the most primitive and rudi- mentary of language. Sometimes it seems that what is conveyed by this language is not received through the mind at all but is absorbed by the pores."

Good books enable the reader to C0111” to terms on equal footing with great men. His Excellency said. The reflective reader also is invited, if not obliged, to look into his own mind and conscience and come to terms with himself. No other means of communication offers him this opportunity. All others carry him along at a time and pace set by .the machine. He must listen or watch with the group; he is constantlv subjected to the emotional pressures al- most inherent in group cperations. Today in a mass-produced, mass-organized, group- thinking society, books are above all oth- ers the means by which the individual may 39 nourished and a free society preserved

Book lovers are perhaps the most for- tunate people economically today. for mod- :rn printing and mass-distribution pro- :esses have made available most of the

.i'orld's mastcrpieccs at the cost. almost. of a package of cigarettes; while at mod- fmtr nxpeiisc one can purchase. finer edi- tions which, a few years ago, would havi- liecn quite outside the average reader's mczins. What sacrifices were made in olclrn times for literary enjoyment! ”Wheni I get a little money,” wrote Erasmus to a' friend. ”I buy books; and if there is any left. I biiy food and clothes." There is in need for anyone to go to such CXIITITIGS to- :lay. And the. oldcr the book. the more likely it is to give one a fresh approach toi 3Lll'l'0lli affairs. As Oliver Wendell Holmes .-iptly remarked, "Old books are the books nf the world's youth, and new books are the fruits of its age." Both, if worth whllr. bonstitute ”richcs which increase by being which ncvci

consumed, and pleasures cloy." coat-Tall strategy One unusual feature about the United States Congressional campaign currently

being waizcd with characteristic vcliemencc and ballyhoo is the timidity with which the pollsters, professional and amateur alike, are approaching their prc-election

propliccics. This is due, of course, to the humiliating position in which t.hcy found themselves after the when Mr. Truman won handily despite a! predictions to the contrary. Wh.le leaders of both major parties victory in time-honoured fashion, a few oi the more candid Republicans are admitting; that they are "running seared". a phrase? which has a respectable niche in Amcricarl political nomenclature. The reason for this frankness is that only once in modcrr. history-in 1934-did the pick up any strength, or even hold its own.

in an off-year. But apart from that his-i

torical consideration, in('IOpPll(I('lli. sources

-there are still some of these in the Uu-i

itcd States-appear to believe that, at thr-

slight edge over port of this opinion they citc organized labour's over-all hostility to thc Adminis- tration, the obvious dissatisfaction in farm- ing areas over the present parity program. and the indisputable fact that in American history the Democratic P-.li'ty has received the favour of public opinion more oflmi and more decisively than has the G.O.P. Meanwhile, it is clear that the Republi- cans are depending more on the President's personal popularity than on the stated rc- cord of the Administration. This is under- standable in View of the fact that in 1952 Mr. Eisenhower ran far ahead of his party's candidates "for both the Senate and the. House. In fact, it is common know- ledge that voters in some triiditiomillv Democratic States sent Republican caddi-

are talking of sure!

I

ed to see Mr. Eisenhower in the White House and felt, naturally, that a strong and sympathetic Congress would aid him in the creation and maintenance of wise and stable government. Reports say that. although two years of the ups and downs of political life have removed some of the glamour from the President's personality. the great service be rendered the nation and, indeed, the whole free world, in the war and post-war periods, still stands him in good stead. Whether this will count as heavily as before and thus make the Re- publican coat-tail strategy effective, re- mains to be seen. It is significant, howevern that the Democrats are saying little Ol'i nothing derogatory to Mr. Eisenhowerzi their chief plaint appears to be that thei President is surrounded by inefficient ad- ministrators and advisers. and that what- ever good the Administration has done was done by virtue of Democratic support, de-, spite much disunity and confusion lg Ihtfi ranks of the Republicans.

A) Major Problem

Canada's large surplus of agricultural products, accompanied by a weakening oi"

out appreciable reduction in operating costs, continues to pose a major problem for the nation's farmers, iccording to the Bank of Montreal Business Review for October- ”Taking a broad view of the agricultural scene," the review says, "it is apparent that in the sectors that account for upwards of four-fifths of farm cash in- come-grain, livestock, dairying and poul- try-there is a pronounced impression of abundance. But it is also apparent that the present situation is not without its dis- turbing features for those engaged in agricultural production. In commodity after commodity prices have weakened from their postwar peaks, and, where gov- ernment support has come into play, large surplus stocks have been accumulated."

The review notes that this year's crops. which were late in maturing and for the most part low in yield and quality, are un- questionably lean in comparison with the fat harvests of the past three years." Iii suggests, however, that, if a lean year had to come, there was some consolation in the fact that it found granaries and barns well stocked. ”Indeed,tthe conclusion that clearly emerges, is that the problems fac- ing Canadian agriculture are problems less of scarcity than of plenty, and of plenty on a broader front than at any time in the postwar period."

In reviewing the agricultural pictul-mi the FCPOPI pays particular attention to the livestock situation, noting that the rise in the cattle population has been a promin- ent feature in recent years. From 1945 to 1950 there was a steady depletion of herds, but in 1950 this trend was halted 'and re- verscd, and there ensued a period of re- plenishmcnt which has continued. although at a somewhat slower pace, this year. The number of calves and beet cattle on Cana- dian farms at Julie 1 was officially esti- mated at 6.7 million head, 1.6 per mm above a year earlier and 23 per cent more than the census count at June 1, 1951, Noting that in the last two years cam.- slaughterings have risen sharply, the re. view states there is little doubt that 1954 figgires will be substantially higher than 19 3.

EDITORIAL NOTES

. Sir Cloudesley Shovel, English admiral, died this date 1707. Apprcnticed to a shoe- maker, he ran away to sea as a cabin-boy.

I948 Presidentiglj 116 rose rapidly in the Royal Ni1VY and. after I

playing active and gallant parts in the bat- tles off Bcachy Head and La Hogue, he as.

T-tee-:'.':-rt-"v.4. -..'.

av

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I I MOurH s,5L2i HGets

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The Trieste

Agreement

By HEATH MBCQUARRIE

Diplomats of the West have scored I major victory in the settlement of the Italo-Yugo Slav dispute over the port of Trieste, which has long been a threat to the peace of Europe. The agree- ment signed in London on October 5 marked the end of many months of secret negotiation in which Bri- tain and the United States strove to reconcile the views of the Rome and Belgrade governments. In all four capitals general satisfaction is being expressed over the dis- position of the territory.

The territory in question com- prises some 293 square miles con- taining Trieste and its hinterland. The city and the more populous part, Zone A will go to the Italians and the hinterland, with its large Slovene population will be Yugo Slavia's. Provision will be made for transfer of population where desirable and Yugo Slavia will have guaranteed harbor rights and portl facilities. Thus once more, as in Korea and Germany, a wartime ,demarcation line has become a ;permanent boundary.

. Interestingly enough the agree-

iment now hailed by the Italians

;and Yugo Slavs divides the terri- tory almost cxactly as the British

'and American governments pro-

posed to do a year ago. But. at

that time violent outbursts occur-

red In both countries and there

was grave danger of armed war-

fare, In October 1953 the British

and Americans thought that by

simply withdrawing from the zones

of occupation they were disposing

of another trouble spot by giving

both Italy and Yugo Slavla a slice

of territory. They soon discovered

that. their action had an entirely

opposite effect. and it has taken, nearly twelve months to make good- the damage done.

In the old days of the Austro- Hungarian Empire. Trieste. with its magnificent Adriatic harbor, was one of the busiest ports in Europe. Many Italians lived in the city and Italy long cast covctous eyes in its direction. By the secret Treaty of London in 1915 the Itali- ans were given assurance that Trieste would be theirs if Italy joined the war against Germany and Austria, her former allies. Af- ter the defeat of the Central Pow- ers the promise was fulfilled and Trieste remained in Italian hands for twenty-five years. But. in the second war Italy was on the los- ing side and Yugo Slavia, in the right. camp from the first, expres- sed a desire for the port. For some

sisted Sir George Rooke in the storming of Gibraltar in 1704. His all hands off the Scilly Isles.

Ship was lost withl

O O I

Administration!

moment, the Democrats have more than ajand P their opponents. In sup-I

dam to Congress only because they want-

. Two Canadian delegates will take part in the Commonwealth Oceanographic Con- fcrence to be held at the - National Insti- tute of O993"0gTaPh.V from October 18-22. They are Colonel H. B. Hachey and Di, G. S. Field. They will discuss closer co- operation in Commonwealth Oceanographic research with other delegates including those from Australia, New Zealand, India akistan. Ceylon and South Africa are also sending observers.

Every centre of population would do well to heed the pronouncement made by Major-General F. F. Worthington, Can. ada's civil defence co-ordinator, about the Toronto disastgr. He said: "It needn't have happened." After a tour of the flood- stricken areas he said that if there had been a trained and equipped civil defence organization the death and damage toll would have been lighter. People died who could have lived and property was lost that ('.0lIi'I have been saved, he said. Another factonln the disaster was lack of public discipline. Thousands of sightseers from metropolitan 'l'oronto and elsewhere hamp-

time its claim received sympathe- -tic attention from the allied pow- -,EI'S.

O I C

5 But the diplomatic p i c t u r c changed when the strategy of de- fccting Italy from Germany Esp sumed major proportions in 1944. In their efforts to woo Italian sup- port the anti Hitler powers prom- ised them generous treatment it

forces. This generosity extended in Trieste. Therefore both Y u g o Slavia and Italy were led to be- lieve that the fortunes of war would bring them territorial ad- vantages in the controversial area. Since both sides could not rea- lize their ambition: a compromise was necessary and this took the form of an arrangement. to make the territory a Free City Under United Nations control. But the U. N. was never able to agree on In governing body and the district remained under "temporary" oc- cupation of the military force: in the spot. Th: British and Ameri- runs were In one zone and the Yugo slavs In the other. As Tito moved within the Russian blue the B zone passed effectively behind the Iron Curtain. u o O , In 1948 an election was held in Italy and in I supreme effort to ward off a Communist victory the Western power: made many prom- ises to the Christian Democrats. One of these was that Italy would not the whole of Trieste. and dur- ing the campaign much win made of this pledge. But Tito's sol- rlteu stood grimly In their zone of occupation and on one showed my Inclination to challenge their deter- mination to ntny there. In I950 the Yugo Slovs broke with the Rus-

Ofed Search and relief operations in the slam and no more mu heard of

Humber Vallev.

they would turn against the Fascist-

For years the matter rested andi an uneasy peace was maintained in the area. This was shattered when the British and Americans announced last October that they would pull their seven thousand troops out of zone A and let the Italians take over. Riots broke out in Belgrade. and Marshall Tito an- nounced that the entry of Italian troops would be regarded as a hostile act. The Italian govern- ment refused to back down and the British and Americans decid- ed to stay.

0 I I

Washington and London had made the great mistake of an- nouncing their decision without consulting either the Italians or the Yugo Slavs and neither coun- try could accept such an affront to its national honor. But since last March the issue has been dis- cussed by diplomats of the four countries and while the 1954 divis- ion is much like that of 1953 the Italians and Yugo Slavs regard it as something negotiated rather than imposed. Between the two methods there is A world of dif- ference. T

Tito has recently concluded an alliance with Greece and Turkey. Improved relations with Italy will greatly strengthen the diplomatic and military front in that part of Europe.

Books Received

MADAMI by Ann Eisner Put- nam with Allan Keller (Prentice- Hall. N. Y. 303 pp. 53.95.) A- merican artist married an anthro- pologist who worked as a health officer in the Belgian Congo. Their work and their interests brought them in remarkably close contact with the plgmy people living in the geographical centre of Africa. With the aid of an outstanding journalist, an ever-ready camera and her own sketching ability Mrs. Putnam has made her experiences during eight years In the jungle come very vividly to life.

MOST LIKFLY TO SUCCEED by John Dos Passos (Prentice- Hall, N. Y. 310 pp. 33.50.) Most Americans are trying to forget that many intellectuals and liberals in the United States were enamourcd of Communism in the 20's and 30'.'i. The hectic pace of those years is recalled in this latest work by Dos Passes. It is recalled indeed but not made believable. Jed Mor- ris is supposed to be a brilliant young playwright, in demand by producers in New York and Holly- wood and highly attractive to the ladies. No convincing reason is given for any of these things. The book is entertaining but seems to contribute little to an understand-

( A? E: Woedl Q-ma

HUNTEIPS MOON

The moon of the hunter will be here

This year on Columbus night.

A moon no sailor would revere,

Preferrlng to fix his keen eyesight

On the white spar of the north star. I

But 1 Iimdsmanu moon is the hun- ter's moon

And he sees it rise with sheer de- l ht

Feeling the leaves beneath his toes

And knowing that autumn the stalker gnu

Hunting in overhead plum where

The moon hangs half detached in air,

A moon that's bright and pumpkin round

And could, like ii leaf. drop with- out sound.

-Elizabeth Jane Astley in

"NOTES BY

An Italian barber has made 3 world's record foi shaving o cus- tomer in 16 seconds. And very likely not I. new low for conversa- tion during the process -Ottawa citizen. ,

The new paper currency Issued at Ottawa, has been duly admired. In A short time, though. all these pretty bit: of paper will become as limp and u soiled as those which have plned before them. and they will be just; as hard to keep. -Fort William Times-Journal.

some of duty In a force which impel: persons to pay courtesy calls or send flowers, or be in one place when they would prefer to be in another place. or to volun- teer for jobs that other persons re- fuse to take. Sense of duty gets persons up our of sick beds, or in- spires them to keep going when they are physically exhausted or can feel a sick headache coming on. -Guelph Mercury.

All Loi Angela: do; licenses. says B despatch from the metrpolls bear the same expiration date. Current tags rend thus: Exp. 6- 30-55. A good lady in ii contigu- ous suburb Ls asking for 3 new telephone number. She is being overwhelmed by phone calls re- porting that her lost dog has been found. She has no dog. But her telephone number is EX 6-3055.- Chrixtian science Monitor.

We are aware. unhnpplly. that to be a "tough guy" is equivalent to being a heio in some circles, notably those frequented by hood- luma and hooligans. Well, the "tough guy" crowd can find some news in yesterday”: and today”: papers, assuming that they ever read anything but crime comics. The government is going to start a Canadian version of the Ameri- can prison at Alcatraz, for excep- tionally hardened and incorrigible prisoners w are known to have it particulai-y bad influence on other inmates of reform institu- tions. -Sarnia. Observer.

rage 4 .1110 Guardian

THE WAY

The chap who take: I flyer on the stock marke' or in high finance would be wise ti; save enough ready cash for a parachute. -Cl'iat.- ham News.

Bachelors of the Mllkl tribe in Africa are forced to support, a huge tree trunk on their should. en for twenty-four houu before their marriage, to prepare them for the burdens of matrimony. Th; idea seems iiound, but in twenty. four hours long enough? -Com- wall standard Freeholder.

A new breed that has descended upon us is the ”scofflaw". The fare- most scofflaw of New York City, for instance. is said to be A walt- ress who collected '13 traffic tickets in six months, nnd ignored them all. She's now doing six months in jail, which no doubt will have her scofflawing.out of the other side of her face. -Cornwall stand- ard - Freeholder.

There's no need to worry If you can't. sleep at nights. says a '16- year-old Englishman who claims he hasn't slept for 46 years. Thll is reassurance hardly needed by many who fall asleep on lightly as the fall of a feather, and you have trouble peisuading them to get up in the morning. What this country has more need to worry about is people who hardly can stay awake on the job in the day- time. -Sydney Post. gecord.

Now'tho.dou are doing ill They're picking up one of the most lrritzilzing habits of dumb humans who operate automobiles despite questionable intelligence. only tho dogs are not. as dumb as the hu- mans. They are really intelligent in their resort to this annoying human practice We are referring to the stupid t-usiiiess of unneces- sary horn blowing by inconsider- ate oafs too lazy to got. out of their can to ring 1 doorbell, or those who seem to imagine they can untangle a traffic snarl by sounding off like screaming idiots. -Saint John Telegraph Journal.

OUTSHAVE AND OUTLAST THEM All!

New York Herald-Tribune.

Old Charlottetown

and P. I I. COLES' GIIIST MILL

"It is pleasing to state that Mr. George Coles has succeeded i putting his Steam Grist Mill into successful operation. We visited the establishment a few days since, and were much gratified with the apparent convenience of his very extensive Mills, Brewery, Distil- lcry. Malt House and Kiln, the whole covering one-third of an acre of ground. The machines of- the Mill have been erected in a workmanlike manner. and promise to do a great deal of business. and we hope that so enterprising and industrious a person will meet with n remunei-sting return for his very extensive outlays."

-Royal Gazette. April '7. 1840.

The Age Old Story '

And no they were eating, Jesus took bread. and blessed It, and broke it. and gave it to the din- clpleii, and said, Take, eat: thin in my body. And he took the cup. and give thanks. and (Ive It to them nvlng. Drink ya all of It; for thin In my blood of the new testament. which ll died for many for the .einIuion of sins . . . . And when they had sun; on hymn, they went out Into the mount of Olives.

SEA UNICOBN

The narivhal or sea. unicorn of the Arctic ocean has A tusk of pure ivory from six to 10 feet

in: of the period which the author evidently knows well but fails to interpret to in world that has moved on.

HAVE FUN WITH YOUR CHIL- DREN by Frances R. Horwich and Reinald Weri-emrath. Jr. (Pren- tice-Hall, N. Y., 197 pp., :2.95i Living together, working together. playing together day by clay. such are the sub-headings in Chapter H of this friendly manual for parents and they express the general philosophy of the writer. She sug- gest: in an informal and attrac- tive way how tots may be guided through their formative years.

GOLF AND BE DAMNED by Lawrence Lai-ier (Prentice-Hull, N. Y. 128 pp. :2.95). This is an nmusingly illustrated and highly irreverent treatise by the author of "Fish and Be Damned.” His first. serious painting I: said to have been a big black moustache

on a subway poster. Since then he '

has apparently learned to Add caption: to his illustrations.

SATCI-IMO-MY LIFE IN NEW 0 R L E A N S by Louis Armstrong (Prentice-Hall, N. Y., 240 pp. 33.50), In his own racy language jazz- trumpctcr Armstrong tells his story. There is a striking and no doubt real contrast between the recital of his somewhat sordid ex- perience: and the eloquence with which he describes music and musicians. Jnzz addicts will be fnsciiinleil by this revelation of how a trumpeter, singer. actor and orchestra leader worked up to the

the promlne to give both zones to Italy.

big time

long.

x

O Shaving is quick, easy and mighty refreshing-when you go about it the Gillette way. With a Gillette

omit YA FIXED II-'oR BLADE-9 7

6)”;

Blue Blade in your razor you whisk off wiry beard clean as can be and get slick-looking shaves that make you feel tip-top. For extra conven- ience ask for Gillette Blue Blades in dispensers that zip out new blades presto, and store used blades in a special compartment.

20-BLADE SIZE . . . . . CI .00 'I0-BLADE SIZE. . ... . . . .50:

(Regular Package-5 Blades For 25:)

Phone 5541

. mum coin.

When ordering Hard Coal I Buy the Best. Asli for D. i I.. and W. "BLUE COM".

A. PIGKAIIII & C0.

.