Be. Aaagte

Hi settee >

£2 lig Mai

mig ae:

es eae

DOLLARS A YEAR,

ce LO

aryyU_ULy * YT> WNC s A \\ SiiVi he.

* This is true Liberty, when Free Born Men, having to advise the Public, may speak free.”—"veimes.

CHARLOTTETOWN, P. E. ISLAND, SATURDAY,

MINER.

NOVEMBER 27, 1886.

SrxncLe Corres Two CEntTs.

VOL. 19.—NO. 150.

=.

je Jaily Examiner

i Very ©eVer ing by

. : — : ci raminar Pnhikchine (7 it ALGO Pub] salle (50- no ner f \vater and “tr 3, hari -ttetown, iw ard i - \ | B LLP FION— Bost te sree eee rereeseees .0+e§2 50 } a Me ss on ov eSine Waa eia i 25 On > ak 50 ° e eee ereseeeeeese ee e Ai a1 rate rate UO» ‘ nay b ade for moothly, quar- terly. yearly, or yearly aivertis-metis,

ALMANAC FOR NOVEMBER, 1886,

MOON 8 CHANGES,

t (Quarter drd day, Oh. 52.7m., p. m., E.

3h., 54.0., p. m., N. E.

Sth day, 6,, 27.8m., p. ™.,

\ N ‘I 25 i 3h, 6.0m., p. m.;S. W. Di. Sun Sun |Moon’ High’ Day's .? vue’ rises sets rises ‘water! len’h ih mh mmornimorn h m i , G 47.4 4111 51) 1 35 9 54 2 SAV ts suiait 33) 2 2) 5! \ vesdlay a6 6h Wh 4: IG SB 1) 48 t Daursday ot) 36) 143 4:18 5 y 53! 35) 2 13) 5 22 $2 iay dt om & doi 6 Si 40 73 Lay YO aa. 2. “di 4.20 37 i lay 57 tI} 3 31! 8 19 34 ) Tuesday ) 291 3 58; 9 GO 31 i } 23, 4 261 9 39 vs iit 27\.4 58:10 15 26 }2 rida 20) 5 34110 52 23 13 Satarday i 625) 6 18/11 29 21 14 Sunday 2417 Tiaft § is 15 Monday 7 22; 8 32) 0 49 15 16 feest Ss i= 8 i a 3 LZ, Weduesday 10, 20/10 145235; 10 1S, Thursday it 19ik 24| 3 24 8 1D) Friday LS iSimorn! 4 40 6 QU Sa 14 18; O 30) 6 ; 4 2i Sun 16; IZ} 1 49) 7 18 l 2} io 7 id} 3 2 8 19] 8 59 3 fa isi 1554149 8 57 24: Ved 1 20) 14) 5 27| 9°53 54 2.5) I shay 2 13) 6 3610 34 52 25) Friday 2 13} 7 43)11 13 50 27) Saturday 2 12; 8 44:11 52 48 23 Sunda 25 1} 9°35'morn 47 20) Monday 26; 11/10 28) 0 32 45 30/ Tuesda 7264 911 8 1 10) 8 43

-FOR- |

BOSTON.

WENTESR ARRANGEMENT |

f EER

LADIES’

Fur-lined Cloaks,

BROS.

MEN’S Fur Coats, Fur Caps, Fur Gloves, Felt Hats, Underclothing,

Gloves, Shirts, &e , &e.

¥

Astrachan Sacks, Redingotes,

Ulsters, Jerseys, Hosiery, Gloves,. Dress Goods, Trimmings, &e.

aon ()

RELA dail dt eet eae

aud BONNETS, in Felt and Straw—all the fLeading Styles, and a magniticent line of TRIMMINGS.

All orders receive Miss Saunders’ personal attention,

CARPETS! CARPETS!

—_—_—_———- i+ ee

te te toe Cee j

Ch’town, Nov. 11, 1886,

T0702

HATS

4” E would say that while we do not own China and Japan, nora Tea Plantation in either of these countries, we have been able to secure a

-T-m-A-

this Fall that we can Sell at

30 CENTS PER POUND,

and which we believe is bound to take the lead over all the other brands at the

same money.

Tea consumers try it and judge for yourselves.

Our 36-cent Tea is giving EXTRA GOOD SATISFACTION.

——-— 0

Our 24-cent Tea Should be 25 Cents, as Quality is Good,

--OoOo-—

Five to 10-pound air-tight Tins (screw-tops), Half-chests and other Packages at prices to

r ‘ TAWT it the times. THE PALA 25 STEAMERS = Ae fra package of ELECTRIC STARCH, free, with every Half-pound Parcel of Tea, |

INTERMATIOWAL S.S. CO.

Leave &t. John for Bostou, via Eastport and Port- land, every Monday, and Tuursday at 5.00 a. m. . ‘arlottetowa to tBuston, 36,50, 2nd

4 *fron

‘lass ; $1.59, Ist Class. : For <ets and other information apply to _ ASHARP F. W. HALES, P; & t ee P, &. L Steam Nav. Co. or to your nearest Ticket Agent. Nov. 15, i886-—eod wky |

CARD.

£. ’ are suffering from the errorsand | is of youth, nervous weakness, early sof manhood, &c., I will send a recipe ire you, FREE OF CHANGE. This great ; discovered by a missionary In South end a self-addressed envelope to the

REY. JOSEPH T. INMAN, Station D, New York City.

ia. are ‘EUR & CO, GRENERAL

jjynnissiod Merchants, 12] ATLANTIS AVENUE,

BOSTON, MASS.

—_— .

gros and Produce a Specialty. |

15 -dly wkly

Oh AMT DPINGS’ F AUGUSTA G7, GATHERINGS’ HALL, *°4USTA. DIOCESAN SCHOOL FOR GikLs. it NeeLy, D.D., President. z Ww ‘i ne A.M., Rector anc rih sear ° ens sept. 15 Tert 18 $275 and

4 advantages offered. For circu-

Ir : : il i riucipea-. 10 wks

i ilies a, GENERAL | Cyanssian & Saigpiag Merchants, ' 191 Atlantic Avenac, Boston. | ’ veres’ ae ia this arket.

y — tifty th ae i ele eB

sharteret tor potato | Weite for mrket,

’ 4 rec ivel hy aatistied Vesa is fr-izgita at short notice. sa Pota' Mack» ete | e@” iozcialtivs —Potaso2, Mackerel, Can ned Lebwters, 444%

June 17, 66 -am aml

This is no present but we wish to introduce this new Starch.

BEER

Ch’town, Oct. 22—2aw & wky

\ 7 E buy our Clothes direct from the manufacturers, conse-

quently we are able to meet those Big Discounts “ we read We carry the

—_— — —J-——

& GOFF.

about” without any sensational advertising, Largest Stock of Imported Cloths on the Island,

Overcoatings, in blue, black, brown and green,

Meltons, Naps, in blue, black, brown and green.

Worsteds, in all the fashionable shades and colors.

English, Scotch, Irish, Canadian and Island Tweeds in

‘endless variety, made in the Leading Styles, at Bottom Prices.

Splendid value in Gent's Furnishings.

ticimtepelll

JOHN MCLEOD & CO,

UPPER QUEEN ST., (Op. Roger’s New Brick Block.)

Ch’tewn, Oct. 27, 1856.

Buy Your FALI, BOOTS

DORSEY, GOFF & CO.S

Ch’town, Sept. 2, 1586.

‘DARWINISM,

Mir, Francis Bain on the Theory of Evolution of Species,

—— ee

Address Before the Literary and Scientific Association.

(Contin ued.) THE FULL TEXT OF EVOLUTION, as explained by Professor Thomas ‘d. Huxley, is as follows: Wherever a certain definite por- tion of oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and nitregen chance to meet, if touched by living force, they instantly spring into vital being,for life is an attribute of a combination of oxygen,carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen, just as tluidity is an attribute of water. This original form of life is protopli.sm, an amorphous, structuriess sub- stance occurring everywhere through nature. From this simple beginning, each particle of

animate matter starts upward on its indepen- |

dent, adventurous career moditied by chance variations in its own growth and the influence of a thousand contlicting external circumstan- ces. lt is abundantly evident to every thinking mind, that such beyinninys of life, moditied only by accident and chance ,and the survival of the fittest, but uncontrolled by an overruling intelligence, must result in a vast variety of forms unconnected by type or pattern, harmony or design. The author of the “Origin of Species” did talk about four distinct beyinnings of life to represent the four great divisions of animal life. But, if animat- ed matter springs into being, from chemical combination, just as drops of water are ‘formed by chemical combination round every mass of decaying, organic, putresent matter, we will not have jour distinct beginnings of life, but four myriads in every separate disirict of the earth's surface; and ail these endless multitudes pi beings constantly springing into life will enter upon an independent career determined

in its result only by accident and chance and |

he ever varying fortune of the struggle for ex- tence. Sucha world of beings weuld ex- hibit a vast variety of forms, buc no harmony of structure, no uniformity of type, no evi- deuce of design, no trace of a hand of intinite wisdom in its organization! Let us look at the GRAND ECONOMY OF ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE LIFE :

for ourselves as we see it in the endless forms of living beauty that fill earth and sea and air with harmony. We observe that the sim- plest form of organized life is in the cell. All veyetable structures are entirely composed of celis, as also the simplest forms of anivial life. A cell comssts of an internal mass of protop- lasm, often containing a nucleus and a fluid, enclosed by a structurless membrane, called the cell-wall. Cells multiply by division of the whole, or by division of the nucleus form- ing new cells in the interior. By this simple mode of cell division, the wonderful process of growth is effected. The simplest alge that spreads a green slime in the stagnant pool and

the majestic oak that towers its dome of eme- |“! : . ‘either the simplest or a more complex organism |

rald foliage in heaven’s blue, etfect their growth alike—by the same simple process of cell-civision.

Here at the very base of organic life we find aw established, the law of growth by cell division ; and law means the hand of a law giver.

The prolazce or lowest forms of animals consist of a simple cell or an agregation of ceils. Huxley tells us that many of the living protoza are undistinguishable in every detail of structure and ornamentation from those of the

—

most ancient strata. Astounding fact! pro- |

claiming the inviolable reign . of law in the humbiest, meanest form of life. “*T tell thee that those viewless beings, W avse mension is the smullest particle Of tue iimpassive atmosphere, Eujoy and live like men ; Aud the mioutest throb That tarough their frame diffuses Tae slightest, faintest motion, Is fixed and indispensable As the majesuc laws That rule you rolling oros,”

From the simpler forms, we pass upward to te more

HIGHLY ORGANISED ANIMALS.

What vast variety fills earth and au? The wretched worm chainet to the sod that we. tread upon, and the ethereal songster thriliing the sunbeams with his impassioned»melody, and surpassing the rainbow and the ruby in the flasn of his jeweled plumage; ten thousand fragile glassy forms, borne on the sweiling bosom of liquid waves, and the mighty whale that hurls his hundred feet of buik through the boiling deep! Naturalists number 2.0,- 000 distinct species of animals; and yet this vast multitude can all be arranged into four distinct classes—the radiate, the articulate, tie moluscan and the vertebrate. Nor is this arrangement fanciful, but real ;—based on the esseatial features of animal structure.

Take the Radiata: All the animals of this class have their parts arranged in a radiate form, like the spokes diverging from the hub of a wheel, or the scinctiliating rays of tae evening star flashing from their luminous centre. The fine-rayed star fish taat fre- quents our oyster banks, is a good example of this class. Even the stomach, the circulatory apparatus, the nerves and all the organs, are arranged in the radia.e cype. The spined sea-urchin, the soft-bodied poiypus, the Little certularia that weave suca delicate horny wreaths among the drift-weeds of our shores, und the glassy meduse that tloat through the summer's wave, like crystal spheres of living light, are all of this class ; and all exhibit the same essential structure.

The Articulata consist of animals composed of a succession of rings or annular segments. The earth-worm is a good example of the class. All the swarming multitudes of the insect host belong to it,--the gay-winged butterfly and the crawling forms that breed in dast; the lobster, crab, and other crusia- cean denizens of the deep; the devastating swactas of locusts, the shrili-vviced eyead aa the soft-chirruping cricket; the providant ant and the industrivus bee, whose wondrous instincts exalt it to comparison with nobler beings, —all are representacives of this class, and exhibit in their structure the same essen- tial type.

The Moluscan class possess a soft or molu- scan form, with the organs arranged in a bilateral order. The sumerous shell fish belong to this class. The interesting forms of our own waters, which amount to a hu dred

tlidferent species, and early beauties of Vesa der! cant ew fren ved

has carried his habitation on his back, and the defenceless slug; the active squid, emu- lating the agility of finny tribes ; the dread and monstrous octopus and the paper nau- tilus, whose delicate structure and peculiar organization has made it the subject of the most extravagant fable—are a few examples of this, the smallest of the great classes.

The essential vertebrate type consist of a ‘vertebra, or backbone, containing the enlarged mass of the nervous centre. All the higher animals belong to this class, including man himself. However vatied the form, from the sluggish and cold-blooded rep- tile to the fleet-winged denizen of the air, or from the diminutive shrew that cowers in its grass-lined home, to the to the gigantic cetacean that lashes the ocean

lost in them, but only built upon in various ways to suit the endless requirements of life. Thus all organized animal forms are construct- ed on one of these

FOUR GRAND TYPES.

And this is not only true of all living species, but also of ali animals that have ever ap- |peared on the face of the globe. In the iremotest ages to which tho laborious investi- | gations of the geologist lead us back—in that |dim intinity of the past, when animal life first appeared upon our world, it was formed on precisely the same types of structure as we | see it to-day. base principle of organic structures shows conclusively that there can be no such thing as chance or accidental development of new forms. For whatever has appeared has been in accordance with established type and order, under the regulation of law and an over- ruling inte lligence.

Nor is the operation of law confined to the base principles of structure, ‘‘the great miracle for ever going on.” From a _ simple germ cell rises the whole fabric of a new being, with all its complexity of structure, and tunction, instinct or intelligence.

Here is an acorn, the seed of an oak tree. Within that slender casket is enclosed the ' whole design of a tuture monarch of the fo.est, ‘The shape of its giant trunk, and gniried limbs, its gashed rind and every fibre that will weave the texture of its mighty fabric, the form of every shining leaf and flower that it will spread to future summer suns, the definite outline and figure ot that vast foliaged dome that it shall raise majestic to the tem- pests of a hundred years,—-are all contained in forethought in that tiny shell.

Nor need we suppose that there is anything peculiar in the structure of a seed which will start a chain of physical consequences eventua- ‘ting in a definite result. A simple cell, a sporule, will eflect the same thing. It is not the structure of the seed which works the result. It is the organic law which it carries with it—-law established by Infinite Wisdom! There is nothing more marvellous in all creation’s wondrous round, than this law of reproduction. The majestic harmonies that govern yon rolling orbs in their pathways of ‘light, pale before it. They are simple; it is lintinitely complex, and speaks ‘‘the un- :ambiguous footsteps of a God.” | Darwinism refers,in some unexplained way, ‘the law of reproduction to evolution. But | however the chapter of accidents could endow

|with the power of reproducing its kind is,to us, a difficulty which, we confess, we are un- able to surmount. A more rational explana- ition appears to be that given by the poet | Cowper :

* Nature is but a name for an effect |; Whose cause is God. Not a flower : But shows some touch, in freckle, streax or stain Of His unrivalled pencil. He inspires ‘Toeir balmy odors, and imparts their hues, And baihes their eyes with nectar, and includes In grains as countless as the seaside sands, The form with which he sprinkies all the earth.’

ONE PECULIAR FEATURE

of the law of reproduction is that in the devel- opment of the embryo the general feature. of the class to which it belongs are produced first, the more special features later. Thus, in the development of the egg of a lobster at the very earliest stage, the articulate type is evident, though it would be impossible to say whether the future animal would be a lobster or a butterfly. Soin the development of the egg of asalmon, the vertebrate type appears betore we could teli whether we were to have fish or frog. This great rale secures uniform- ity of structure through the endless multipli- cations of reproduction. It also shows to us how deep type and law and orde) are laid in the complicated animal economy. If we could but fully understand them, every feature and phase ot organic life is governed by laws as fixed and -leterminate as those which rule the circling year. Another result of this law of embryological development is, that the general features oi a family may appear in emiryo in certain species, though never destined to arrive at perfect maturity. In the baleen whales, for example, the jaws are furnished with long, fringed strips of whalebone, form- ing a sieve by which the monscer abstracts trom the waters the minute marine animals on which it subsists. In its jaws, however, are found the embryos of ordinary mammalian teeth. Darwin refers to these teeth as evi- dence of the descent of the great cetacean which, he tells us, while it has been increasing in bulk, has been degrading in structure ; and the philosopher has given us the most wonderful and ingenious theories to account for the gradual production of the baleen. but the whole fine-spun theory falls before the fact that imperfect teeth hidden in the jaws -are referable to the well known law of embryonic development. Similar instances occur every- where throughout the animal kingdom, and are the result of the operation of the same great law. Even the variations which are observed to take place in many species are not accidental, but fully under the directior of established organic laws. Here are a number of geraniums obtained from a florist of this city. ; (GERANIUMS SHOWN,)

They represent a number of the varieties of this plant which have been pro- duced by cultivation.. We must remember that these are not natural varieties, but ex- tree cases of variation brought about by

means that art ovuld devisa. Here is a single scarlet geranium, _which ig nearest the original forin of the species. Here is @ double variety of the same. The additional petals, which we observe it has, have been produced by a metamorphasis of the stamens into petals. This is always the case in double varieties of flowers, and is the resuli of a well known law of plant life that many structures may be metamorphosed or changed into others. But though these new petals have been formed

lfrem the old stame bserve how ject

seas,—the snail, that since eldest days of yore

billow to foam,—the essential type is never |

in style and ornament with the original. New structures have here been fermel, not by chaace or under the caprice of accident- al variation, but under the control of a grand organic law, which moulds tem in perfect har- mony with the original structure of the plant.

Here we have a scarlet geranium in which the color is changed. And color, however beautiful and attractive, seems one of the most evanescent things in nature Its change ailects no important stracture of the plant. And yet even this evanescent principle

“ Like the riinbow’s lovely form Evavishing amid the sterm,” in the organic structure, is strictly under the control of law, producing those harmonies and delicate blendings of hues which alone consti- tute the true beauty.

Our scarlet geranium has a white centre, while the white one has a red centre. In the pink and the white two upper pretals bear the distinct coloring, as in tnis class of plants they have a distinct structure. Colors in wild flowers are more marked thar in these.

The varieties which we have in the foliage are also in harmony with the original charac- ter of the plant. The leaves on the plainest scarlet having a tendency to this style of

This harmony, then, in the |

shading, which, after all, seems to be but a | variety of that coloring which all foliage as- }sumes at ripening, and which gives its wonder- ‘ous blaze of glory to our autumn woodlands. (Concluded in our next.)

PROMPT. Gat AV/QNOERFUL REMEDY

Adam-on's Botanic Congh Palsam.

It ie as pleasant as honey Conezhs, Colds, and Asthma, which lead to Consumption, have been speedily cured by the use of ADAMSON'S BALSAM after all other medicines have failed. Saerors from either recent or chronic coughs or bronchial affections, can resort to this great remedy, confident of obtaining speedy relief. Do not delay, get it at once,

FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGCISTS,

Bottled at St. Stevens, N. B., by the

F. W. KINSMAN &£ CO

proprietors, » Druggista, 543 iru Ave... N. ¥.

WE HAVE

Hetail Grocery Busixess

—ON— GREAT GEORGE STREET,

alongside of John Stumbles* Harness Shop, where

we are bound to seil everything in our line at Bottom Prices.

T <A, (different qualities. )

SUGAR, " Pe Raisins. - - CURRANTS, MOLASSES, N..WROTADL:«NG: FISH,

and everything you want in the Grocery line,

ALSO—

STABLING ACCCMODATION

We are determined to give those who favor us with their patronage entire satisfaction, and the best value for their money and produce.

Come oue, come all and inspect our Goods.

Remember the place is on Great ‘teorge Street, next John Stumbies’ Harness Establishment.

Eegs Wanted. JOH EVARS & G62.,

GREAT GEORGE STREET. Oct. 4, 1886~3mo eod

OPENED UP A

ST LAWRENCE HOTSL,

NEXT TO CORNER WATER AND GREAT GEOKGE Si’REKTS.

Within five minutes’ walk of the trains and b mts, post office, telegraph office and pubiic buildings. Every attention paid to the comfort of guests. Rates moderate—Special rates to permanent boarders.

THOS. ROBISON, Proprietor. 65 WAH SFREWLT, Nov. 10—2wks

eee - nee

bnew > ~ —— RETAILS EVERY WHERE. Cans, 8 14, and 25 Cents Paper. 6, 12, and 24 Cents Nov 8, 1886.

Charlottetown Steam Laundry

Mark Wright a ¢o., furnitare Ware- room, King Square.

AGENCIES : G. H. HASZARD‘S Book Store, Queen Street G. T. DAVIES, American Clothing Store, S’Side

Gents’ Goods a Specialty,

Unive wa, Sup, 6, ee

erent wnranende A

te Pe oa te! oe

ogy

eee

en WN i i" Pa i

|

a gee

ed

rears eas Ce ms A A A I AR

— Tr.