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ffllf" Pension Plan Funds

L'nder the latest, version of the Canada. Pension Plan, the provinces will control investments of the money that accumulates as the. plan develops. Actuaries believe that this will lead to big changes in pro— vincial and municipal borrowing patterns. The plan is now expect- ed to go into operation by Jan. 1, 1966, and some authorities predict that it. may make available to the provinces more than $8.000 million for investment by 1975.

This is a staggering figure. large enough to absorb virtually all the new issues (net) made in Canada by all governments in the four years 1960-63. It. is not official, but it forms the basis of a speculative article in the current issue of The Financial Post in which the im- plications are set forth at consider- able longhh.

Note is taken of the fact that. the Royal Commission on Ranking and Finance had several reserva- tions about the possible. disrupting effect of a national pension plan that built up a big investment fund. It could lead to a sharp decline in other forms of savings. encourage governments to spend more freely than they otherwise would, put a large part of the financial system under government domination, and have other undesirable effects. This will depend, ultimately, on the ex- tent to which savings which have been invested previously by private pension administrations are reduc- ed and redirected. and or. the use to which the new funds are put.

There ie still no definite in- dication from the provinces as to how. and by whom. the great sums entrusted to them will be invested. In this connection note is taken of a prospect which is anything but reassuring. 'l‘hal is the great. diver- gence of investment, policy that could arise between the provinces, resulting in some provinces build- ing up a much larger fund propor- tionately than other provinces. Such a situation could lead to more pree- eure for increased benefite in those provinces with proportionately larger funds. and create confusion instead of uniformity in the plan's operation.

f Something. here, for Parliament to look into closely before the legis- lation goes through.

A Thorny lssue

Among the most confused men at. Washington. says a New York Times report, are the. 35 members of bite House judiciary omnmittoe. The issue before them ie whether to appmve one of several amendments to flhe Grmstirtuution that. Would, in effect. repudiate Supreme Court decleiona prohibiting the use of prayers or Bible selections for do votional pummes in U.S. public echools.

In its decision of June 25, 1962, the Court ruled that the reading of on official prayer in New York public schools violated the First Amendment of the Constitution. The public outcry was immediate and immenee. Many feared that if the Court could make public-achool payers unamdrihnional it might

.ulblnubeiy strip all religion from public proceedings, and the prayer: in Omgreea. eliminate chaphine in .theumedaervioaaandevan ruleout paella obaervancea at Christmas.

Wuhan 17, 1963.111 eaaetwe

. lb earlia' position but autonomous“ New...“ fies-um

, .4 2.?

Publisher! ‘

homo, MAY 13in .

l basis of American life. It. noted that , the Court. itself opened each ses- . sion by invoking the grace of God. emphasized that the place in relig- ion in America “is an exalted one." and stressed that what it was try- ing to do was to insure that “in the. relationship between man and religion. the slate is firmly commit- ted to a position of neutrality."

Some witnesses before the com- niittet> are. still deeply troubled by the fears of 1962. and twenty—four , have testified in favor of a con- ! stitutionul amendment, among them i a colorful array of Congressmen l and clergynlen. ()n the other side of the argument is an equally ener- getic. if somewhat loosely organized. group consisting parlly of lawyers ~—among them the president of the. A m e r i c a n Rar Assmiation-Jmt largely of clergymen.

Almost all Jewish leaders have opposed the amendments. So. have the National Council of (Thur- ches and. with important exceptions, a considerable number of Episco- V palians and Roman Catholics. Es- l sentially. their arguments are based i on appreciation of the (‘ourt’s as— surance, in 1963, that it was in no way threatening Americans‘ relig- ious heritage. They argue further l that; by taking compulsory religion out of the public schools the Court strengthened rather than weakened religious practices, in the sense that it rcaffirmcd the personal nature of the. religious experience and rein- forced the historic independence of the church from the state.

Although the committee had hoped to wind up hearings last; week, continued demands for opportuni- ties to testify have prompted the chairman to schedule sessions for the rest of the month. But he has been warned not to delay or stall. if he does. it. is certain the drive for amending the constitution will be resumed. The petition. which requires lhe signa turn of 218 members. now contains 167. A successful petition would take the bill away from the judiciary com- mittee and force it to the floor of the House for a showdown.

Apl Phrase-Maker

According to an Ottawa com- mentator, a new phrase-maker has been discovered in the House of Commons. He is Grant Deachman, freshman Liberal MP for Vancouv- er Quadra, who it seems doesn't say much in the. House but who recently I displayed his ability as a verbal ' marksman at a. service club func- tion. in commenting on two promin- , enl members of his own party ad- ministration.

Speaking of the ability of Trans- port Minister Pickersgill to evade the sharpest Opposition questions by seeming to respond fully while actually telling nothing. Mr. Deach- man affirmed that nobody under- stood this art better or practiced it more defth than the hon. member for Ronavista-Twillingate. "Give Jack Pickersgill some steel wool.” he said, “and he would knit you a. stove."

And of External Affairs Minis- ter Martin the Vancouver phrase- maker had this to say: “Paul Mar- tin’s technique is different if no less effective. On the floor of the Com- mons he softly stones his critics to death with marshmallows. He la the master of the circumlocutious phrase."

Why haven't these felicitous morsels been dropped where they could be recorded in Hansard? Evidently Mr. Deachman finds the atmosphere of the House too cold and indifferent. "It lifts the spir- its.” he told hearers on this occas- ion, “to see an audience that staye and listens to a speaker instead of ducking into the lobbies for a. smoke as won as a backbencher rises to his feet.”

We have often thought that if the Commons paid more attention to its backbenchers, it would find the strain of listening to the pond- enoua speeches of its frontbenchera easier to endure. From now on, at least, when Grant Dcachman gets up to talk, it. will be waiting to hear more about knitting stoves out of steel wool and stoning people to death with marshmallowa.

EDITORIAL NOTE

The federal government is not only big business but runs aeveral bueineea enterprlaea .0 big that their sedate Walled $8.340 million of latest count. Profit after toxea wee $64 million.

loo,

l

Ancl Sore Feel?

By Dr. Theodore R. VanDellen

The feet may determine whe- ther visitors to the New York World‘s Fair will enjoy them- selves. Gel them in shape now as a foot problem will hand:- cap sightseeing.

Benjamin C. Mullena, re- tiring president of the Amer.- can Podiatry association, has some suggestions along this - linc. Wear hose with a cotton} foot because this material au-l aorba perspiration and miniml- 1 zes burning, itching, and a‘ feeling of clamminesa. Be sure they fit.

Sturdy shoes an next the agenda. They should havel ample toe room and low to me I

OH

dlum heels. Thin leather aoles are inadequate; heavy soles, act an insulation and have

more resiliency than the pav-r ement. Women may carry an ‘ extra pair in a shoe tote.

0n returning home or to toe hotel. sit on the edge of lhe tub and spray hot and then cold water on the feet several

._

The migration from farm lOI city has already created a des- perate shortage of farm work ers, while the absence of ade- quate farm finance handicaps the expansion of machinery to offset the decline in labour.

This problem was outlined to me by lion. Harry Hays. Minis- ter of Agriculture, as we sat talking in his brightlyt-aparis- oned sun-drenched Parliament office yesterday.

There are only about 402,000 farmers in Canada now. and this number is shrinking at the rate of 3 per cent yearly. the Minister told me. The farm help form has shrunk to about 000.- 000 and this is declining at the same rate. .

The bluff atocky Calgarlan ca- l binet minister is no stranger to a farming. A millionaire rancher. and farmer himself, he knows the subject, from the hired-hand to the price of cattle, He has a ready tongue to express his well informed ideas. but in his par» llamcntary salad days he was criticized for saying the right thing in the wronz way, Starting his career in forlorn] polilif‘S last year on the top rung - v as a cabinet minister » he suffered ‘ from nonkyilis in hls early days , in Parliament. But his perfor- mance latterly is rczardcd on Parliament llill as making him an outstandin candidate for the award for the Most Improved _ Cabinet Minister.

HOW TO SOLVE PROBLEMS Harry Hays said that todays' average farm represents an im- vcslmcnt of over WNW, This includes 300 acres, which ls the smallest unit that can be farm- , ed economically. and buildings from rookyltis in his early days combine costs $10000 or so, and this is essential to replace the disappearing farm help. One ' and careful operator, . Hays considers. using well-designed machinery, can do the work of five farm~helpers

using their hands.

Mosl young! people who would like to take up farming as a life- time career just haven't got that kind of capital to finance their start. the Minister says. They are forced to borrow, and the normal terms might be a 10 your pay-off at 5 per cent inlcr« cst or higher, Thus the farmer is paying out 15 per cent on his $60000 investment. or $9.000 per year, which is crippling. There should be finance made avail- able for farmers on a 40 or 50 year pay-off. Harry llays con- siders or. as he recently found available to Dutch tarm- ena. even 60 years. l

IMMIGRATION NEEDED

The shortage of farm help, he told me. could be met by lmml- gratlon. He himself, having

PUBLIC FORUM l

'I'hla column In «pen lo the dlscusnln by curl-cannot!ch a! eucallnna of III-

Guardlln doe- nol neces- urlly endorae the n a! narrar

unr _ e-lar lute any enrrrcspondcnaa rel-rd- II‘ lcthcn Iuhmltlcd.

W APPRECIATION

to my 1 “Happy John." Would that we had more subscribers to his kind of philosophy! The poet no doubt had something like that in mind when he wrote, "They say there is wealth in the doing, That royal and rich an the gains."

Carry on. John. me boy, and long may you live to enjoy your

lovely you In well deserve. Per-id! he thought -— b at

when you cross the Border, rnethlnka the Book of Gold will show y to your credit.

bless “:1: rich Irish heart!

I k a v

HEADER ‘MM

77 EVERY TIME You ocgN WIDER

_O_T_TAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson Desperate Shortage of Farm Workers

milked 100 cows from 1932 to 1958, and now raising beef cat- tle and “heat on his 3.000 acres, hires between 30 and 40 helpers. They have worked for him for an average of 18 years. which emphasises his g as an employer.

working well in an 8-hour days achieves as much as a man tir~ ed through a 13-hour day." he told me. "Farmers must rccog~ nine the competition with indus- trial jobs, and think in terms of an 8-hour day, split shifts. and no longer giving the hired help a doss—down in the granary." With this philosophy of em- ployment, he has usod Spanish

' and Portugene immigrants

. from Mexico. qualitieal‘ western Euro l

"1 am convinced that a man' °"- ‘3‘" th’ “’9

011 l his farm, and found them good. He suggests that Canadian farw mere could well recruit help from those countries and also The nations of don't now want have their farm labour drawn rlan peninsular

and Mexico have surplus labour. I What about our Canadian un- employed? T asked him. Many. of these might well be lured to

l the. land It farmers offer V . living and working conditionli ‘ matching those enjoyed by Her- I ry H ys' own employees: bed and board plus $150 per month , for single men: a modern home. ; free farm produce and $3.000- :4.000 per year for married men. l

Cigarette

Code Plus

New York Tim"

The cigarette industry has

taken a useful step forward in; the code code that. would be self-policled. Q

The code is designed mainly to prevent the more extravagant blandishmcnls of cigarette ad- vertising from being directed at persons under 2i years of axle.

The standards set forth in the

code cover two aspects of cigar- 1

ettc. claims that have been with us for a long time The li rst would severely limit the ' ity“ tlicmc. ln point of fact, vortlsmg copy featuring alh

, letcs has almost entirely disap

peared in recent months.

The second aspect involves "representation with really

any spot-l to health." This is the heart of the code and a tential source of conflict. To pass judgments on health lm- pllcations in the advertising of

‘ cigarettes will indeed be diffi-

cult for an administrator to do. torminc.

But the cigarette manufactur- ers who have adopted this be- lated code give proof positive that they are \vllling to impose

higher standards of advertising ‘ hazards involved.

Tulip Time

National Geographic Sock

When it's tulip time in Hol- land. 20 brass bands and 30 floats make a mile-long parade through the brilliantly carpeted

1" ‘0

Me.

Most of the bulbs are grown on small family farms in rich lowlands between Haarlem and Leiden. The magnificient an- nual display of flowers attracts hundreds of thousands of visit- or

s.

Holland‘s flowers are profil- able, as well as pretty. Ship- ments of bulbs — mainly tulips, hyacinlhs, and daffodils -— ac- count for about 2 percent of the Netherlands' exports and bring in more than seventy-five mil- lion dollars a year.

flower parade the

spring of 1964 celebrated one of the best crops in years. Nearly 70.000 tons of bulbs were to be sold abroad. according to Dutch estimates. AMERICAN SALES DIP

The leading buyers are West Ger Great Britain, Swe- den. France. and the United States. The Dutch are concern- ed about a reported dip in Am- erican purchases. Curiously, they blame the decline on Am- erican affluence and the handl- ncss of supermarkets.

"There is a point where proa- pen’ty makes people too lazy lo get on their knees to plant and

look after bulbs." said grower. Another leadln miter said

1 Americana aeem h be buying

bulbs increasingly at super- marketa, but they tend to pur- chase fewer than they would in

pa, "Our Mt to not meant for unpulae buying." be com

lmpulelve: it "a a full-fledged mania. It all elected Mom!!! In

re- ‘

po- .

l on themselves. in this respect , deserves the approval of all who are concerned with l th hazards of smoking. The industry code, cannot be expected to do the en- ; i tir. job. The Federal Gov1'n-. ' calth and retaliatory} agencies still have the duty co inform the public about anyl ; harmful effects of smoking. 1 such as charged in the report of i the Surgeon General's Advisory, (Tommiltcc on Smoking and ealth. That ; “Cigarette smoking ll a healthi g hazard of sufficient importance, ‘ in the United States to warrant ’appropriate remedial action." _ The Federal Trade Commie-i sion has conducted hearings on l unfair and deceptive acts or ,1 practices in the advertising and ,labcling of cigarettes. There- ; after the commission will eval- ; ualc the entire record. 1‘ ci- ; garelle industry's own

pfu code. combined with rules still to be determined by the Feder- , al Trade Commission. can give the American public a valuable , perspective on smoking and the

ln land—#— ty

' A member of the lily family. ,Tulipa apparently first sprang l up in Asia and southern Eur- ope. Turkish hybridizera tamed and perfected the plant. An Au- strian ambassador to the Turk- ish Sultan's Court brought spa~ A clmens back to Vienna in 1554. The tulip was soon bclng grown in several European countries, but its culture quickly centered in the ideal soil of the Nether- landa. Before the 1630's. trade in tu- llp bulbs was in the hands of , professional growers caterlnl [on the carriage tirade, Then, butcheca, bake", cobble", and weave! began ralalng bulbs in their back yards in the hope of l making a bit of extra money. ‘Tulip prices rose sharply.

i MARKET GOES mm

The market went wild in use. ‘Splrlted bidding for bulbs of new varieties to wild

grew speculation. At the height of ‘ "tultpamanla." rare bulbs were aelllng for a. much aa 810,000 apiece.

A single bulb waa traded for a load of grain, four fat oxen, l dozen deep, five pigs, two bar- rels of butter. 1.0m pounds of , our a la of beer. two hog-heads of wine. a bed. Mead wlbh Mnlahlnga, and a auit of clothes. A silver cup we

in for 00¢ meaaune. in 1m. for

Traces of bit nmal you. (he taut-l mortally “ not see

. times. the

. clean and cover blisters

l J.M.B. writes:

however, ?

Elevate the extremities after drying them. This is neither the time nor place to break in new shoes nor to wear holey or darned socks. Keep the feel to prevent continued friction.

Don't be a beat for punish- , merit. The fair ground; cover a large area and you can't lee everything in a day or him. Walk within your comfort range and then sit for a while Avoid continuous standlng be- cause it leads to strain. Never start to the fair when exhaus-

—— your feet will never for- glve you. I

DRUG COMBINATIONS

NJ“. writes: What effect will nonprescription sleeping pil't have on a person who has been drinking heavily?

PLY ,

Very little, compared with ovcrindulgence in alcohol. any over - the - counter 50-- called sleeping pills contain an antihistamine, a product that makes some people drowsy. The effect of the combinatl o It should not be as harmful as taking barbiturates and alco-

DAII.Y CREAM re. H. F. writes: I'm ‘0 years old and started drinking cream to put on weight. It working wonders but someone told me taking 8 to 12 ounce

ofcrcam daily la harmful.‘ Please comment. REPLY Cream is rich in (at and calories. It is not harmful for the underweight or for tho.» .

with a normal levol of choles- terol in the blood. D 1 P BREATHING I read re- cently that deep breathing can be dangerous to health. This puzzles me, a l w ays ,thought it was good to do. 1 Please advise.

REPLY .Deep breathing la not den-l geroua but. frequent breathing leads to hyperventilation. Diz- ziness and numbness of the hands and fch ensue. BIOLOGICAL TESTS l'. L. writes: I have heard fr m a caseworker that a new test is available which will re- veal in four days Micthcr a no- man is pregnant. is this so’ i Y