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THE GUARDIAN

“Coven Prlnco Edward Island Like the Dew“ Publish-d every week-day morning at 136 Prlnh Street. Charlottetown. P. E. l.. by The Thomso"

Company Limited. I Editor and Manager. Inn A. Burnett Auoclntc Editor. l-‘rank walker. Rrnnrh offices at SlJl1inlt‘l'Sld(‘. Montague Alberton. Authorized as Second Class Mail the_[’osI. Office Department. Ottawa. 8)’ Cariiei: Cliarloil.et.own. Sumnierside $15.00 per lnnum Elsewhere in P E. 1. $900. Other Prov- inces and U. S. A. $12.00 per nnnum.

an‘ In

‘Tho Itronxcst. lIll'll10I‘y_|l \\'eisk;s—tl:; the sveakont ink."

Time And ‘file Law

The Attorney-General, the lion. \\'alte.r E. Darby, has expressed his sense of shock that the officials of a municiality incorpor- ated by the Legislature should use their official position to call upon the public to evade the Provincial legislation establishing Liniformity of time.

The fact that Daylight Saving Time is highly popular is no excuse for advocating such disregard for constituted autliority. A very simple means is provided in the Act for bringing Daylight, Time into effect throughout, the Province. If it had been made clear to the Government that a ma- jority of our citizens desire the cliangc there can be no doubt that an Ordcr-in- Council d\'0Llid have been passed establish- ing it for the summer months.

Assuming that there is not a niajorily in favour throughout the Province. although there seems to be reason to think there is. then the only proper action would be to try to have the Legislature change the law to permit municipalities to exercise control within their own limits.

All this is not to say that the law is a good one. The Legislature presumed a great deal in telling our people that they could only use one official time. Telephone calls to outside points necessarily require reference to other times. as does navigation and ‘other activities. Certainly it is imprac- tical to tell people that they must make their clocks keep correct time.

Respect for law. however, cannd depend upon individual approval or disapproval. Such an attitude, as Mr. Darby points out. can only lead to general disregard of law and order in the community.

Fluoridation Approved

The Canadian Medical Association has given its unqualified approval to a report by its public health committee recommend- ing fluoridation of water supplies for the purpose of reducing tooth decay. This would seem to be the final seal of approval which the. most cautious authorities in this country have. been waiting for before com- mitting themselves on the proposal.

Previously the Canadian Dental Associa- tion and the Maritime Branch of the Cana- dian Medical Association had thrown their weight on the side of fluoridation. Tlu British Medical Association had already an- nounced itself favorable.

That the decision is A wise one. is ob- vious from the many reports of the value of the treatment to the teeth of children under the age of eleven and the c0rresp0n"l- ing lack of any reports of undesirable dc- velophients when the system has been de- liberately adopted. Reports of "motlling" have been confined to areas where the fluorides naturally present in the water are far in excess of what is required.

It will be recalled that public health scientists in the United States published the result of a survey a short time ago comparing 32 cities which have natural fluorides in their water with correspondiiig cities which have none. The death ralss for each of the "pairs" i\'Pl‘e compared fin the leading causes of death. The death rates per 100.000 for the cities with are wit.hout fluorides were: from all causes. 1.- :')10,6 and 1.0050: l‘rom heart diseases. 354.8 and 357.4: from cancer. 133.4 and 139.1; from intra-cranial lesions. lll.5 and 104.8; from nephritis. 21.9 and 26.7: and from cirrhosis of the liver 6.6 and 8.2. There seems to be little danger that Cam’ dians will regret taking advantaae Of this means of gr.-any improving dental health

Breaking Sky-Trontlors

Balloons carrying sciences instruments to the upper edge of the stratosphere fore- shadow the day man himself will make .1 100.000-foot ascent. A rocket-powered plane probably will take the first human past that altitude. Animals encased in re- search rockets already have soared far hlgher. Yet over the years it has been by balloon that man has edged steadily upward. and by balloons he still probes the way ahead, says the National Geographic Society.

The all-time altitude record for balloons stimfl now at 136,000 feet. almost 26 miles. It was set October 4. 1949. over swarm- moro, Pennsylvania. by a five-balloon hitch cu-ryisifll 1/2.pounds of instruments in -i - my rioenrch program sponsored by

.. Geographic Society and the

- Foundation of the Frank- Philadelphia.

‘.-

.~. j.-

Twenty years ago this spring the So-v ciet_v and the U. 5. Army Air Corps bega.‘ l an historic series of manned balloon flight: i into the stratosphere that set another re- cord. On July 28, 1934, the Explorer l a 3.0t)0,00tl-cubic-foot hydrogen bag. ms: to 60,613 feet over the Black Hills of South Dakota. It carried Major William E. Kepner. Captain Orvil A. Anderson, and the late Captain Albert W. Stevens. At 11 1 2 miles‘above sea level. tne balloon tore across the bottom. plunging earth- \vard. The three airmen rode it down to within half a mile of the ground. The‘; paracliuted to safety just as the giant gas bag exploded.

By the following summer a second bal- loon was ready. Explorer II. with a cap- acity of 3.700.000 cubic feet. was the largest free balloon ever built. It used helium in place of liydrogen. On l\'ovcmber 11. 1935. it carried Anderson and Stevens to a height of 72.395 feet, 13.71 miles, a world altitude mark still recognized. Not until 1951 did any man go higher. Then a Uni- ted States Navy Skyrocket plane climbed 79,000 feet. Two years later. on August '21. 10.33. a second Skyrocket roared to 83. 235 feet. piloterl by Lt. Col. Marion E. Carl of the 1'. S. Marine Corps.

Just as they pioneered the -path to the stratosphere. balloons were man's first practical means of flight. As far back as the 13th century. Roger Bacon theorized that a hollow globe filled with "ethereal air or liquid fire” would float. upward on the atmosphere. It was not until 1783, however. that the Montgolfiers of France first sent aloft a large linen bag filled with the hot air and smoke of a straw fire. They imagined that some mysterious vapor pec- uliar to burning straw lifted the bag. real- izing only later that heated air was the actual lifting force.

Hydrogen was first used in a balloon in the same year. and the first human bal- loonist went aloft. Jean Francois Pilatre de Rozier. a court official'of King Louis XVI. reached a height of some 3,000 feet. By 1862, the Britishers Galisher and Cox- well were riding a free balloon to an alti- tude of nearly seven miles. They became the first men to pass the threshold of the stratosplierr, the region of bitter-cold rari- fled air. above all dust and clouds. the doorstep of space itself.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The medical profession is now telling, girls with heart troubles to marry. a course which generations of them have fol- lowed with or without advice.

I O , O

In the excellent report of the Canadian Construction Association is included a sci‘ ies of papers on “Better ’f‘ransportation." Introducing them. President John I-‘lood pointed out that "You cannot build any project or use it after construction unless there exists means of access and transporta- tion to and from it."

The public squares of Charlottetown are showing the results of a large amount of planning and work. Law_ns and flower beds are looking their best. It is unfortunate that the protective. measures necessary to preserve these areas must be so formid- able.

More ducks in this country. with fills‘ Province following the general trend. may mean larger hag limits according to .1 story from the 18th Federal-Provincial Wildlife Conference. It is a long time un- til the season opens but gunners can at least enjoy the extra shooting in anticipa- tion.

The Health League of Canada is con- cerned about the selfish and indiscriminate use of gamma globulin. The supply is strictly limited and it is pointed-.out that its value seems to be limited to is period of one month at most. Authorities are anxious that it should be used only at times and places where there is heavy infection. ind actual polio epidemics. ’

I

The failure of the Geneva conference. leaves unsettled the problems of Korea and lndo-China. In the case of the former. the situation is unsatisfactory but not great- ly different from what it was before the initial aggression. The attitude of the free world must be a constant readiness to resist further aggression and at the same time ll willingness .to seek solutions in all the individual problems which pre- sent themselves.

0

Charles Francois Gounod. I-‘rcnch com- poser of sacred music and later of opera. was born this date 1818. Of a musical family. he early showed promise. For a time he intended taking holy orders and although he finally did not do so much of his music is of s religious nature. including his well known "Ave Maris". His “Faust” in probably the most popular opera ever written. Also popular is his "Funeral

Not Breakiq Anv'l'hinq,_ Jus'l'

:l

‘, OTTAWA REPORT

General Grue

By Patrick

flirting with the a quick and

NATO Generals seductive mirage of

l

ilie Soviets? ‘

in Ottawa in the anxious wake nil

Glruenther. Stlprenie of inc l\',\TO lr\‘.‘t'c.= ill Europe.

our superiority in atomic weapons. and that his NATO forces are in A‘ position to use these and ili{t“i_\' In do so in any war against Russia, Arrierican B-47 honibers the new bomb=. he sairl. more than offset. our inferiority in infant sLrength

recruiting of West. German armi-.:il forces are the tum bases upon‘ which the riefrnce of Western Eur-l one I5 now based. GFllPl'.ll (;ru"n- ther said. He was speaking in Sein- tnrs and M. Ps. in R locked-door, meeting Rpk>li§Oi‘Pt’l by the l1.”\\'if»'- formed Can.'\d'..in NATO Parlia- mentnry Association.

. . .

The co-operation manpower. \‘. ithin the framework of some

assumptinn that any and all of:

Are the United States and Llieipreparcdness to fend off ‘attacks.

,that Anyone could be called I win- successful war of dnteireiire agalrist W... 3",’. an Mom". “.n,_ and he ,enuld nffer no solution to this prob- -rhig 15 this qllpstinn being ;,5k;~d,lcn1_ Not to use the A-bomb would lead to the undesirable altgnatiivc . . f ommitiin our armies w at last. week‘: visit by General Alfred fie ‘Called ..A an 0! Masha. umuar Commander in the recent. battle of Dian Blcn §P‘nu. In that charnel. 10.000 gallantly Tile Aniencaii General surprised I'e5lStiHtK a Dfll‘llfl.l}i‘ie.ili£’.llf‘}I \J\lilfllEll(‘.€ldliel"E ‘bi ,Eollt13(1)‘ ggfimlgxilglé 0VV:;:h;1$:d :3‘ stating I a ie ‘est cou a. lie, . -' present. time defeat Russia. lrl'll‘t')llgli’E::1ll§i:iiV’P ogiegéegtiarlél with

r~arr\'1ng‘5i1DpOl‘l of ground forces. but also "rrs agairisl targets in enemy terri- l

. ._ . The assumption that he \vnuTti he civilian Tart‘-‘FER munlllfln-5 able in use atnmir hcmbs, and the strategic airtield:.. and so on.

‘closely matched the speech he had lrnade three days earlier as guest. of the English-Speaking Union in London. when his audience includ- ed Sir Winston Churchill and the Duke of Edinburgh.

,ltrst. when it. had been stated in

of Get-ii_ianlpublic that NATO forces are pre-

lmllllcalipared and expecting to wage ato-

Mf‘-Eplablt‘ mic warfare. in the event of an at- formula. is welcomed here. But the} lack by Russia,

nlher’s Visit

Nicholson similar

The General expressed his doubts

soldiers of the French

A—bombs, the General explained. would be used not only against lt‘O0£l concentrations. in tactical

would be carried by the B-4'! bomb-

ry By this. he presumably meant. plants

can

General Gucnther‘.s speech here

These two occasions were the

The belief that. the West. has now

‘/he _.af§/ -7oe&'&mw2

TIME

Unfathomable sea! whose waves are

years.

Ocean of Time. whose waters of deep woe

Are brackish with the salt of human lean!

Thou Ahoreleaa flood. which in thy ebb and flow

Clsspest the limits of mortality. And sick of prey, yet howling on for more,

Vomitest thy wrecks on its inhospi- table shore:

who would put. forth on thee. unfathomable sea?

--I’ B. Shelly.

The Age Old Story

My mouth lhlll speak the praise‘ of the Lord: and lot. I“ flesh bleu his holy name for ever and ever.

hers while the season laala. Dr. Gustave Prevost. of the Univer-’ sity of Montreal, says wal.er-frontl cept. grin and bear it. The tiles,‘ spawn at. the bottom of rivers andl lakes. They live there as larvae for a time, then rise to the surface to become winged insects as their life cycle goes on. it might. be

communities can do nothing ex-'ls

\

Page 4 The Guardian Thursday. June 17. 1954 I The Passing . Scene 5: observer

A liIA'l'TElI 0F LANGUAGE ‘

There are two common view: Metzpl-iorlcalllf speaking, the only

with respect to the ralutioiu be- tween Russian Communists and their Chinese brethern. The first view is that. the political alliance will continue and even grow in strength and influence as time goes on. Mutual interest: will keep them together. The second view is that the Chinese. being inten- sely nationalistic and opposed to all interference by all outside pow- ers—even friendly onu—eventually will throw off nil Russian influ- ence and direction and settle down within their own borders and make the best of it.

This would not necessarily make them more friendly with the de- mocratic powers than they are now, but it would mean that they would not. give much active sup- port to Russia in any crusade on which the latter country might decide to embark. There is no doubt that Free World govern- ments would like to be sure that ‘thls latter possibility might. be converted into reality; it is equ- ally certain that the Russians would like to be sure that there is nothing to it. At present. no one seems to know much about it, one way or the other.

I O O

A Chinese (Nationalist) writes by the name of Chang ‘rung-Sun. writing in n quarterly magazine. predicts that I break between the two Communist. nations is inevit- able_ Curlasly enough, he bases his prediction not on politics nor the Chinese passion for complete independence, but on the struct- ural character of the Chinese lang- uage. I-its argument. L1 most inter- esting snd, while it is a little dif- ficult. to follow in placa (any transaction from Chinese into Eng- ll.sh is like that). it gives good evidence of an entirely new in- sight into the causes of at least. some East.-West frictions.

To begin with, Mr. Chang puts Russia with the West for purposes of linguistic study. He points out thst the Russian language, like English. Italian, French, German. Latin, Greek, and some others. is an Indo-European language; and. like the others named, it uses the well known subject-predicate form. The Chinese language has noth- ing in which to exprus such things as subjects and predicates; con- sequently, no Chinese, whether educated or uneducated. knows any- thing nbout. them.

Again, English and the other Western la.nguage.s are "two-vslu- ed" in character and. expression. Chinese. on the other hand. is "multivsluecl." All of which. being interpreted. means that in Chinese thought there are no sbsolutes; all things are relative.

O O O

Westerners. including Russians. say_t.hIt things are either good or bad, right. or wrong, black or white, true or false. big or small or short. dry or wet, dark or light, clean or dirty. religious or secular, liberal or conservative, and so on. ad in- finitum. There is no such “elthei- or’ concept in the Chinese langu- age or in Chinese thought. While we say. for instance, that one man

tall and mother short, the Chinese say that. longness and shortness are m u tu sl l y re-

lated. A msn is neither tall nor

short: he is I little of each. Again. we speak of one task as

being difficult. and of another as

the terrible arsenal of atomic and temporarily achieved military sup- thermonuclcar weapons would iieie;-lqnty through the A-ba.mb has used came as a definite shock in 01- caused many politicians here to lawn . lfcar um 11. s. A. is toying with the

The decision to use these werinoiis, idea that Russia and China could would be a political dec:sicii_ niadc be overcome. in a cheap and easy

by the allied governmmis through their representatives on ihe NATO; Council. according to the four-start General from Nebraska. "But. our arrangements are such as to permit the immediate implcnient-avion of‘ such a decision." -_

The essential speed nf this drcis-, Ion would not leave time for Par- liamenla to review the pros and: coins. or to assess their country's

oar.

This possibility might. induci- Washington, in its present mood of impatience. to trigger . preventive war on n. global scale.

Far from reassuring Ottawa. General Gruent.her'.s opi.imi.st.ic as- sessment of current. allied supenor- il.,v has created a mood of anxiety paralleling that. which he left. be- hind him in London.

NOTES BY

Dntarin motorists may be nsked[ to pav highway tolls. "-eems to us, the higliuavs are exacting their oun. -London Free Press.

Another "uiisinknble" ship his been sunk in a storm It is nlwa_v!i unwi-e to give t‘-re tlirrri rlinllenge to Nature in fllLl lasliinn. --Ed- nionion Journal

One matliemntll-al riddle no one rver seems to solve is now just half the ('iOl.hFA you need on I liolulsy trip Always works out to twice as much as you nae. Hamilton Specistnr.

Parents at ,,oungsiern who want. to quit. high school before rom- plctmg the course might. find it. useful to draw their attention to the fact. that one of every three persons in Canada now rl‘gl!l.l‘|'Ed as seeking work is unskilled. when the labor market. nhrinlu. it is the unskilled who have the least clltnce of keeping a job. —-Brant- ldrd Expositor.

lllnrta to convert sunlight into power are developing slowly, and with I tantalizing promise. The latest. research point: in the im- provement nf I generator ex- pected to produce enough energy to run ii home. One advantage chimed for this solar energy is that it. ran be stored. That. is where electricity has let. un.down. There is no way of storing the stuff to serve future need: It jun. won't keep -—Wmdsor Stu.

The Sir-tiara miracle in now. lot. In concede, I Ihlnfng utility. with Siiakespelrfl Measure for Manure and The Taming of the Shrew Ind Sophocles‘ Oedipus Rex. the tied mu in not tor nht. June II There are actor: like Jamel Muon and Douglas Cm-ipbell. and F1-nice: Hyllnd la roisowned for her talent. but the

Much of is Marionette."

butt of it in Ontario’; Strntford

THE WAY I

as the ‘dream was born there and

fulfilled. The miracle we trust. is here to stay. -1-lsmillon Spectator.

Prospector! have stoked more than 10.000 claims in the 780-acre area around Beaverlddge Like in Saskatchewan. It is the biggest known concentration of uranium in Canada. -— Hamilton Spectator.

An American rocket lied hos hit a speed of 421 m.p.h., which reminds some of us that in our youth we'd hive settled for a tiled that would go one mile an hour —uphill. —- Windsor Daily Star.

Dr. lash song ‘Int. 1 pi-oleosor nf psychology. has demonstrated in the International Congress of Psychology at Toronto that cats and nits. traditional enemies, can cooperate and live together in peace. From this he draws the conclusion that it is not impos- sible for humanity to live in pence. To compare the behaviour of lower animals wfth that of human being: on the level of instinct only. and to draw conclusions from the comparison. seem: to us to degrade mankind. The challenge that face: the world to- day is in find some outlet. leu violent and destructive than war, for mankind’: lnstirictivc denlre for conflict. while Itiil allowinl his yenrnlngs for peace to find expressions. After all. who want: to see a pin] or movie, read a book or watch I game in which the two sides are equally matched and neither desire: to excel? — from an editorial for young peo- ple. Hamilton Spectator.

Ital flu no lot out such. nun put: of rivet-front cou- inunitlen upon: by the uiouundl. penetrate any unscrewed bulld- lnu. nnuh Iulmt. autos. Intel! on the roads to die undo: the uses

possible to wipe out the larvae, being easy. The Chinese don't un- but to do that would require pol- derstand that kind of assumption sonlng of almost all life in rlvers_at. all: they say that every task and streams. not to mention t.he_i.s I little difficult and II little d‘/iger tn communities drswlngleasy. There are no such absolutes water for human and industrial as right and wrong, good and bed, consumption. This is obviously im-|Evcr,vthlng is partly right and

colour the Chinese know about or recognlze in gray. This lppileg to everything. whether of race, :9. iigion. philosophy. culture. man” It applies also to ideologies and politics; this, of course, is imm¢,,_ sely important, and on it, M,_ Chang believes. will depend China's position with the.rut of the world, U C