HASZr\ii IV.‘

IIMOIR 0!‘ ‘Nil LATE LORD HAIIDINGI.

It is with very sincere regret that we have to record the death of Field-Marshal Lord I-Iardingo, which took place on Wed- nesday, the 24th inst., at his country seat near Tunbridge Wells. Few oﬂcers have served so long and with so man opportu- nities of distinction, and of Lor [-Iardinga~ it must be said, that in the ﬁeld lie was ever found equal to the occasion. We do _not claim for the gallant soldier who has jllﬁl departed front amongst us the praise of military genius of the highest order. He was neither a Marlborough, a Napoleon. nor :1 Wellington, but the work which he had to dd he always performed eﬂiciently and well. ‘From the lowest grade he rose to the very highest rank in the British army by his own deserts. He was not connect- ed by birth with any noble family, nor with any inﬂuential clique in military circles; and yet he became Commander-in-Chief. Slender indeed was the chance that Henry I-Iardinge, the son of a clergytnan in the north of England, who entered the army as ensign in the year I798, should have at- tained the dignities of Governor-General of British India and of Commander-in Chief. It may be said, that the accidents of life were on his side, but they were no tnore so than in the case of a thousand others who have passed away, their names unknown. The very turning point of his career affords evidence that he was a man destined to conquer in the battle of life. Lord Har- dinge used frequently to tell the story how after the Battle of Corunna, when the English troops were hurrying on board ship, a stat? oﬂicer tvas anxious to gain the friendly shelter of the English ﬂeet. The keen eye of Marshal Beresford, who was euperintending tho emharkation, detected the vigour and capacity of. a young oﬂiccr who was employing himself most zealously ‘ in the dischar e of his duty. That young oﬂicer was enry Hardinge, and fromi that moment his fortune was made. He was required to act in the place of the expeditiotis staﬂ‘ oﬂicer, and Lord Berea- ford never forgot his activity and zeal. At a subsequent period, when Beresford was charged with the important duty of preparing the Portuguese forces to take an active share in the contest with the veteran troops of Napoleon, he remembered the young oﬂicer who had done such good service on the beach at Corunna, and summoned him to his aid. He gave him a brigade in the Portuguese service “before he was 25," and after a time, his foreign

rade was commuted for British rank.

ut for this fortunate “ accident," as Lord Hardinge used to call it, his fate might have been, according to his own opinion, that of a hundred others. He might have died a colonel on hall-pay, alter thirty years of hard service in every cot-ncrofthe British empire. We doubt if this would have been the case. For men of so ener- getic a stamp—so ﬁtted by nature for the career on which they have entered—“ ac- cidents” are ever occurring which they are ever prepared to turn to account.

To give but a suggestion of the actions in which this brave soldier was engaged is to recall the leading events of the most glorious and successful war in which the British arms have been engaged since the days of Marlborough. During the whole of the Peninsular contest he acted as De- pnty-Quartcrmaster-General of the Portu- guese army. He was wounded at Vimiera;

ewas present at Roleia; we have already mentioned the distinction he obtained at Corunna. When Wellesley entered on the scene as acknowledged chief, we ﬁnd him at the passage of the Douro, at the Battle of Busaco, and actively engaged in organising the defence behind the memora- ble lines of Torres Vedras. e was present at the three sieges and at the ﬁnal captureof Bsdajos, and at the capture of Ciudad Rodrigo. It was, however, at the battle of ' Albiters that Lord Hardinge performed the chief feat of his military career. That battle, as is well known, was oﬁerrod to Soult by Beresford with more valour than discretion. During the progress of it Beresford, as ever, distin- guished himself by the greatest ersonal coura a; but the fortune of the ay was turne lg a happy manmuvre, executed by young erdinge without orders, and on

his own responsibility. The battle was one of the most bloody on record‘ in pro- portion to the number of the combatants. As General Napier writes:—“The rain ﬂowed after in streams discoloured with blood, and 1.500 unwounded ‘men, the remnant of 6.000 unconqiiersblo British soldiers, stood triumphant_ on the fatal hlll." 'It is thus that the historian of the Peninsular war describes the attack made by I-Isrdinge during=that fearful day upon a French division posted upon an eminence formidable for defence:-—" Myers was killed; Cole himselfand Colonels Ellis, Blsckeney, and I-Iawkshawe fell, badl

wounded, and the whole brigade, ‘struc

by the iron tempest, reeled and‘ staggered like sinking ships.’ Suddenly reeoverin , however, they closed on their terribe enemy; and then was seen with what a strength and majesty the British soldier ﬁghts. In vain did Soult by voice and gesture animate his Frenchmen; in vain did the hardiest veterans, extricating them- selves frotn the crowded column, sacriﬁce their lives to gain time and space for the mass to open out on such a fair ﬁeld; in vain did the mass itself bear up, and, ﬁercely striving, ﬁre indiscriminately on friends and foes, while the horsemen, hovering on the ﬂanks, threatened to charge the advancing line. Nothing could stop that astonishing infantry. No sudden burst of undisciplined valour, no nervous enthusiasm weakened the stability of their order; their ﬂashing eyes were bent on the dark columns in their front; their measured tread shook the ground: their dreadful volleys swept away the head of every formation; their deafening shouts overpow- ered the dissonant cries that broke from all parts of the tumultuous crowd, as foot by foot, and with a horrid carnage, it was driven by the incessant vigour of the attack to the furthest edge of the hill. In Vain did the French reserves, joining with the struggling multitude, endeavour to sustain the ﬁght; their efforts only increased the irrt-mediable confusion, and the mighty mass, at length giving way like u loosened cliﬂ', went headlong dowti the ascent.” Hardinge fought at Salnianca; he was severely wounded at Vittoria; he was at Pampelunn; he crossed the Pyrenees with the conquering British army; he was at Nivelle, at Nive, at Orthes. After the return of Napoleon frotn Elba he again entered upon active service, atid was attached as Commissioner to the Prussian army. He lost a hand under Blucher at Ligny, and this was his share in the Waterloo campaign. \Vhen peace was restored to the world, he did not retire into inactivity, but continued in one important post or another in the service of his country. We do not here pretend to give a catalo- gue of the successive oﬂices which he held. He was successively Secretary at VVnr, Secretary for Ireland, i\Iaster-Gene- ral of the Ordnance, and, litially, in the year I844 he was raised to the high dignity of Governor-General of India. [he four years during which he held the reins of government in that distant region were memorable even in the cventlul history of British India. The events of the Sikh campaign are too fresh in the public recol- lection to need recupitulution here. No one has forgotten, when the storm of war suddenly broke upon the north-western frontier of our Indian possessions, with what energy the brave old soldier hurried to the scene of action, with what disinter- csted feeling the Governor-General post- poned all questions of dignity and acted as second in command during the ﬁery days of Moodkee, of Ferozeshah, and of Sobrii- on. Independently of these great military achievements, the Indian administration of Lord Hardingo was in other respects crowned with success. It was he who originated the olicy with regard to the kingdom of Ou e, which Lord Dslhousie, at a subsequent period, had the nerve and

‘intelligence to carry out to its legimate

fulﬁlment. In October, I852, four years alter the expiration of his Indian govern- ment, Lord I-Iardinge was raised to the highest post within the ambition of a mili- tsry rnan--he was ap inted Comtnander- in-Chief, to succeedt e Duke of Welling- ton. This importsnt post he held until a very recent period, and throughout the sventﬁil epoch of the Russian War. Few

spacious or on too expensive a scale for

‘dearness of provisions;

OCTOBER 18.

men have actually seen war upon so great a scale, or been concerned in directing operations of such magnitude ht home. It was not Lord I-Iardinge's fault, nor can it be imputed as blame to him, ‘that he inherited the traditions and practices of a glorious period in the military annals of rest Britain, which had served their turn full well, but were no longer applicable to the exigencies of modern warfare. . There must have been some extraordina- ry qualities in a man who could rise to such eminent employtnents without ever having had--save in the memorable in- stance of Albuera—the chief direction of any great military achievement in the ﬁeld. In the Peninsula, Lord Hardinge was always under command—in India he mo- destly took the second place under Lord ough—in the recent conﬂict with Russia his oﬂice was rather one of selection than of direct participation, and in his selections he was not very fortunate. The qualities which seem to have recommended Lord I-Iardinge to honour and fame were, in the first place, unﬂinching courage in the tnost terrible trials or in the most unexpected turns of war. He was distinguished, moreover, liy a buoyancy of spirit, by a cheerfulness, by a geniality which made him ever acceptable to those around him. Altiiost to the last, when the weight of years and of lengthened service was be- ginning to tell upon him, he was a ready and eﬁicient man of business. Acharacter and habits such as those, joined to unwan- ried zeal and to a iieverfailing sense of duty, will be suﬂicient to account for the honours which he attained without insulting the memory of so gallant iind deserving a man with fulsome and superﬂuous ﬂattery.

TROUBLES AND DISCONTENT IN PARIS.

THE condition ofthe operative classes in Paris has created a sensation; and, as the Monileur is instructed to state, “the Em- peror observes it with deep solicitude." No doubt ofthat. The Emperor has discover- ed that, in decreeing the erection ofpalaces, and substituting a street of mansions, two miles long, for houses ofthe poor in the in- ferior quarters of Paris, he has made large numbers ofthe population of Paris homeless. In London a similar error has been coinmit— ted;but here the responsibility rests with pri- vate speculators. The theoretical philan- thropy which concerns itself with the dwel- lings of the poor, would be more suc- cessful in its operations, if it were guided by those who are practically acquainted with the subject. Even :1 Napoleon can- not revcl in sumptuous designs tor the gloriﬁcation of his capital, witliotit falling under the inevitable laws of iinture and political economy. He has built magniﬁ- cent houses, having expelled the middle and poorer classes from their homes for that

T remaining here long enough to live om. wire than at an hotel, was struck by the! r. rate at which the necessaries oflife as two; as its luxuries and‘ amusements w’erg i,_ tainable. The present time oﬂiers a stiik ing contrast with the past. The commonegi necessaries, bread and meat and wine 5 cxorbitantly dear, and as to ltollle-refit Iii issometliing fabulous." 11,. E,,,,,,,,,, in‘. caused a dethlled re rt to be presented t him on this-H_nt"a“ot_',t in s: but these scarce°- ly seems to be a neoe it for itfquiry thg cause of exorbitant , being oi,'i'ou. The houses of the poofhave been d..._', lishsd, and the new houses are bulltin [0 grand a style, that persons ofthodern, means, who mean to pay, cannot inhabit them. The only remedy is the building of suitable habitationit for the poor,

The French folly has extended to this country, as all French follies do. Costly mansions are built for tradesmen, that no moderate proﬁts on ati ordinary course of business could cover the rent of, the tradesmen a fair remuneration for hi. toil and outla . And we all remember the delightful little model labourers‘ cottages which Field-marshal his Royal Highness Prince Albert caused to be erected in Hyde-park, in the Exhibition year; so nice- ly arranged for the comforts of working men, ﬁtted up with many choice inventions, and which capitalists were expected to build; but which capitalists did not build, for the simple reason that no proﬁt could be expected out ofthem : and in this cost- mercial nations of ours, men do not lay out money without an expectation of proﬁt, What is wanted is the application ofa little common sense in building speculations for the middle and working classes. The arti- cle in the Monileur expresses a hope, that the future will bring a remedy for the sut- ferings of the people of Paris; but this is all, and the operatives, probably, will not be very much beneﬁted by his Majesty’: solicitude. Nevertheless, the article veri- ﬁes the misery of the people of the capital, and conﬁrms the rumours which have been in circulation for some time, that great anxie- ty is felt in high places respecting the sp- proaching term October 8), when a great number ofoperatives will be obliged to quit their dwellings, in consequence of having received notice from the proprietors that the rent will then be raised. “ The vast changes and improvements the Emperor has carried out in Paris," says the corres- pondent ofthe Times, “ and which, what- ever be the fate of his dynasty, will certainly remain for ages a monument of his reign, have supplied employment to multitudes; but, as things now stand, with dear lodgings and dear bread, good wages do but just en- able the working man to maintain his fami- ly, and that with no great comfort and with little more than the niercst necessaries of life. It follows, that if the working man

leaving

purpose, and now tinds that there are not princes enough among his people to inhabit them. All classes are complaining of the exorbitant price of house-room. The poor are compelled to seek quarters on the out- skirts of the town, and in places often the most inconveniently remote from their work. Numbers of persons of the middle classes, who left their apartments because they wotild not stibinit to an cxorbitatit augmen- tation of rent found, themselves in danger of having no house to sleep in. Instances of this are constantly occurring. One of the complaints is, that so many of the new houses are composed of apartments too

their elevation. Thus, in the new Riie dc Rivoli. ltl,tl00f. a-year are demanded for third ﬂoors, and of fourth and fifth ﬂoors, ﬁtted up with gold mouldings and other costly decorations, which, if they were 30 or 40 feet nearer the ground, might suit opulent families; but which are now too high for these, and too high in price for others. The oailsur says, "the rise in house rents has been aggravated by the ” and here we are introduced to another-cause of discontent- Paris has become one of the most expensive capitals in Europe. Formerly it was re- sorted to on account of its cheapness; but London is now a less expensive place to re- side in; and Vienna is scarcely a dearer one. "Ten years ago,” says the Paris

has not good wages, the merest necessaries oflife are beyond his reaclt. The subject lis a grave one: and we readily believe it loccasions much anxiety to the Emperor, ‘disturbing even the pleasures which his Majesty arid the Empress appear to take in those horrible s ctacles, the bull ﬁghts, ﬁne of which is de ribed in our paper to- ay.

NIAGARA Ect.trssn.—Tne river Shirhswstibe- tween liombsy and Cape (‘ornorin, falls into the Gitlfof Arabia. The river is about one-fourth of a mile in width, and in the rainy seasons, some thirty feet in depth. This immense body of water rushes down a rocky slope, three hundred Irll, at an angle of forty-ﬁve degrees, at the bot tom ct’ w ch it makes a perpemlicular plutnte of eight liun died and ﬁfty feet, into a llscli and dismal abyss, with a noise like the low! -st thun- der. 'I‘he whole descent is. therefore, eleven hundred and ﬁfty feet or several times thltsf Nisgsrs. The volume of water in tho latter is somewhstlsrgertltsrt that of the toriier, biitiii depth of descent it will be seen there is no coin-

irlson between them. In the dry season tbs . hirhswsti is a small stream. and divided into three cssesdes of surpassing beauty and grandest-

hey are almost dissipated and disssvletl Int° niist, before reaching the bed ofthe river below.

The famous California ballot-box has just been sold by the Vigilance Committee for the snor- mous sum of 83600. 8500 in cash was psi‘ down on delivery, the balance by note. Til parties purchasing have gone into the mountains, to exhibit the box through the State, prior to fat]

correspondent ofa morning per, "ever - body coming from EnglandP.to Paris, arid

sleetioiis.