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NOVEMBER ‘°' ‘9’8. 'ran caAnLo'r'rE'rowN GUARDIAN PAGE ...NE

I 'Te¢lCh¢1’S.HParents. Pupils. if H

HE MAGAZIINE GU so A ...-... °.........

REDUGING HAT DAMAGE

uummrlna rang use rnovm,

nm naar. ,

Whore Food ls Abundant lt ls lm.

possible to Clear Premises of An Rodents. But War Can Bo Made

' Upon Them-Vienna Sausage or

Fried Bacon Ma-ke Excellent Bait,

Owing to their cunnins. it is not

always easy to clear rats from prom- iges by traP.Dlng; if food is abundant, it is impossible. A few adults refuse to enter the most innocent-looking mp. and yet tmnrins. if persistent .ly followed, is one of the most effec- tive ways 0! desircvinz the animals.

For general use the improved mod-

ern traps withca. wire fall released by a batted trigger and driven by 3, mil.. ed spring have marked advantages over the old forms and many of them may be used at the same time. These traps, sometimes called "guillotine" trsps, are of many designs, but the more simply constructed are prefer-

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Guillotine Trap Made Entirely of Motel.

able. Probably those uiade entirely of metal are the best, as they are more durable. Traps with tin or sheet-iron metal bases are not recom- mended. V

Guillotine t.raps of the type shown

should be baited with small pieces of Vienna sausage or fried bacon. A small section of an ear of corn' is an excellent bait if other grain is not present. The trigger wire should bc bent inward to bring the bait into proper position for the fall to strike the rat in the neck.

Other excellent baits for rats and

mice are cornmeal, toasted cheese, toasted bread (buttered), fish, fish offal, fresh liver, raw ment, pine nuts, apples, carrots and corn. and sun- flower, squash or pumpkin seeds. Broken fresh eggs are good bait nt all seasons and ripe tomatoes, green cucumbers and other fresh vegetables are very tempting to the animals in winter. When seed, grain or meal is used with a gulllotine trap. it is put _-on the trigger plate or the trigger wire may be bent outward and the bait placed directly under lt.

Oatmeal is recommended as a bait

for guillotine traps made with wood- en bsse and trigger plate. These traps are especially convenient to use on ledges or other narrow rat runs or at the openings of rat burrows. They are often used without bait.

A common mistake in trapping for

rats or mice is to use only one or two traps when dozens are needed. For a large establishment hundreds of traps may be used to advantage and it dozen is none too-many for an or- dinary barn or dwelling infested with rats. House mice are less suspicious than rats and are much more easily trapped.

Danger In Weed Heetls.

lu submitting his report upon 153

siiuzples of feeds, purchased as bran by inspectors of the inland Revenuc liepartuient, l\ii’. A. McGill,” chief analyst, says in part:

“lt is iuuch to he dcplorcd that our

western l'ai-tuers appear to permit th».- iilinost indefinite spread oi weeds in grain fields. While thc spread ot' noxious weeds is particularly objec- tionable weeds is particularly objec- of thousands of seeds pci- pound of bran, as insignificant, even when such seeds are those ol' l.umb’s Quarters (Chenopodium ulbum) or ~ Black Bindweed (Polygontiin convolvulus) not usually listed its noxious. it is qiiltc true that iuost seeds possess it distinct value us food initicrial, con- taining as they do, protein and fat iii high percentage amount and in sonic cases starch as well; but it may lic questioned whether the danger of further propagation ot' lhcsc nuis- ances in our wheat fields does not completely offset such value as feed. The seeds of various species of mus- li\l'lifi. which ure very largely in cvidence, are, moreover, distinctly Poisonous to cattle and especially to h0EB: so that the question of destroy- ing these seeds at the elevators. ln- atead of permitting them t.o come ln- io commerce, is worthy of consider- ation."

Saving the Last of Silnge.

Ono of the problems which con-

fronts the average dairy farmer comes when there is a few feet deliih of siiage left in the bottom of the silo after thespring feeding is done, The question ls, how to save it with- out too much loss until it is required for feeding in midsummer or fall. Mr. W. G. Gough. of Bloomfield, solved the problem by taking the accumulation of dust and chaff which hid gathered on the barn floor dur- ing tho- winter and .throwing it into the silo to a depth of ii. foot or more. He thoroughly soaked the chaff with water and occasionally during the succeeding weeks threw on a few nails to keep it wet. When he came to feed the stuff during the summer ho found that the cha! had made lillih u thorough met that there nun; ii ipirtieie of the siisgeaznoii-

- easo nadte t van-

illa of turning thefiziibbghgrwhich fl mlitlll, dgouit to'~l\ondi0, ihlv I N! Y I0 ' quality .of manure.

i" ‘ . ~{' _

KEEP THE GREAM Gillil

sons: Pasoricsn uuvrs 'ro mum: imnsmns.

Water ls a Much Better Agent Titan

M' I" Operating _cooling hmm Because lt ls a Better Conductor °f Grad” °f H240-How a. Tank Can Be Made at Home,

After separation, I h

placed iniinediately iiirxlld sva?;:~dai‘1’§ :fated °°°°-Bi'-millly from the bottom at amstirrlng rod until the temps,-_ t“l"° hem" 60 d€8l‘ees I-‘ahrenheit fi BMI. and preferably below 50 de. grees Fahrenheit. Fresh cream

should never be_inixed with cream hmm I"`e"‘°“5 Bklmlllillgs until it has teen thoroughly cooled, as the midi. ‘D11 Of Warm cream raises the tem-» Derature of the older cream and has- tens 5°“l`ll1§. Water is a much better °°0H\1E agent than air, because it is a better conductor of heat and _is capable of absorbing greater quan- tities of heat. In cooling, the best re- sults are obtained when ice water is

used. A dairy farmer in a section.

where natural ice is produced should have an ice house and should fill ,it each winter. If well water alone is used, it is necessary to change it sev- eral times a day. For that reason the cooling tank should be between the well and the stock tank, so that

1_-$1-Q

Taking Temperature of Wash Water.

all water pumped for the stock passe-s through it. A spring or ft stream 4.! cold water is very satisfactory, bc- cause it perforuis the work continu- ously without attention.

Cooling tanks of various types may

be obtained from dairy-supply house: or may be made on the farm. A sa'- isfiictory wooden funk may be uiacic of two-inch planed cypress boardii properly bolted together, painted ori the outside und oiled on the lnsldc. Concrete makes ii. most serviceable tank which can bc constructed hy anyone accustomed io working with iiiul material. A very simple an-i cheap cooling tank may be made also from two or more vinegar barrels--» one for each creuin can. Whatever the style of tank, the pipc conveying the water to it should be large enough to carry the full stream from the pump. Upon entering, the inlet. pipe should be carried to within ai few inches of the bottom by means of an ell and a shortpiece of pipc. so that the cold water may be con- ducted to the bottom, thus forcini; thc \v-ariner water at the top through the outlet pipe. The outlet pipc should be at the cnd of thc tank op- posite the inlet pipe, of slightly larg- er diameter, and so high that th" water will bc nearly ut. the tops of the cans. Lock nuts and sheet pack- ing may be used to make tight joints where pipes enter and leave the tank. Cream cans should stand on cleat in the ink, so that water may circu- late under as well as around them.

In order to afford protection froiu

the heat, a cooling tank should havc ii tight cover and be placed in th-~ dairy house or under a shed, wherc it will be protected from the hot winds and direct rays of the sun. If water does not flow continuously through t.lie tank it may be advisable to insulate the funk, as an insulated tank uses less icc and requires less frequent changing of water than an ordinary one. Tanks of that type may be purchased at it reasonable cost. or the insulation may be put on at home. To insulate a tank at the lowest possible cost. six inches of dry excelsior, shavlnsil. Or SHW- dust, tightly packed on the sides, bottom, and cover of the tank, will serve the purD0S€ U Kelli dry-

On many farms it is customary to

churn only two or three times a week. Where this is the case the cream from each separation should be-kept in the cooling tank until about 12 hours before the churning. In order that the cream may ripen uniformly, it should be placed in one receptttclc. thoroughly mixed, and warmed slow- ly to a temperature of from 65 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit. Frequent stir- ringe with the stirring rod and the use of a thermometer are necessary to insure uniform and `Dl‘0l19\‘-\€ll1- perature throughout. lresh cream should not be udded after ripening has besuu. ,

Valuing a Farmer'| Timle. h

“done to undervn ue t e

farrnxrs'tetime it not confined to the south of the border. The present agitation in Canada for the nxing of- pricee on all food products is based on the some assumption -- that the fu-mer is not entitled to. the some returns for his labor ss is received in all 0'-W "““.°‘

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CLEAN 'UP 'THE GROUND.

Danger Exists ln the Refuse of the

_ Crops.

The plant pathologists of the Ex-

perimental Farius inform us that of

the many destructive plant diseases.,

Using Green Tomatoes. ___ There will, as a. result of a cold,

wet September, be a lot of tomatoes that will fail io ripen. These need -not be a total loss. Green tomatoes may be salted down in water-tight kegs and, as desired, made into to- mato stew, stewed tomatoes, salad and ple, or converted into mincemeat and chutney. Green tomatoes pack- ed in a solution of salt and -vinegar are good for salads and relishes. when tuken from the brine they will be slightly discolored, but firm and of good quality. Coal in cold water for two hours before using. For the brine allow 1 2-3 cups of salt to a gallon of water. This makes a 10 per cent. salt solution. For a salt and vinegar solution allow % of a cup of vinegar to one gallon of the salt solution.

An' Armuai Sweet Clover.

A new annual sweet clover has

be ,developed at the .Iowa State

Comic. This, planted ftp the held. made e growth of from our to four and one~helf foot in three md one- lMllw@“»'“mo _-__-M

~>-.‘.. ’ . _ \

none are more difficult to coutrol` than those living over in the soil. Year after year, notwithstanding the practice of crop rotation, the effects of soil infection often became so pro- nounced as to cause what is popu- liifly known as "soil sickness." One of tho most notorious of these dis- eases is clover and alfalfa wilt (Sclerotinia). which has given rise to the belief that land may become clover sick. This dlseasa`has just begun to show up on the continent of America, and unless prompt pre- cautionary measures are taken there is a possibility of the disease causing similiar losses here to what it does in Europe.

A disease similar in-nature attacks

beans, and there are other instances which call for a word of general ad- vice on matters of prevention.

As soon as crops are harvest’ed.

whether gathered in the field, garden or orchard, there is manifested si universal indifference and neglect on the part of some growers towards the condition in which the ground, trees or bushes are left. Were it but, known to them that with the refuse left on the ground from crops there exist myriads of germs of serious plant diseases (and also insect pests) ready for hibernation!

Mummied fruits in orchards left

undisturbed, either on the trees or on the ground, give rise to a. new outbreak of brown rot in spring. Ploughing under affords only limited protection, since it safely buries all fungus material which spring plough- ing will bring to the surface of the soil once more after successful hiber- nation. Preventlon, as usual, is de- cidedly better than cure, and sanitary measures are just as important in field, garden or orchard as in stables and dwellings. As soon as possible after the harvest of each crop ~_ or better, after the growing season is over--a general clean-up is most es- sential. Whero possible, all refuse should be collected; diseased or rot- ten. fruits, leaves, stalks, haulnis, etc., should be gathered and the whole destroyed by fire. Material that will not burn readily, such as is common on the fields after harvesting--roots, potatoes, etc.-should be buried in :i pit. In orchards, where such meas- ures are followed by the usual dor- mant sprays, tbe results will be most beneficial, and field and garden crops will also greatly benefit.

. Stooks as It Binds.

Mr. R. D. Colquette, writing iii

the Grain Growers Guide, reports that a machine was tried- out in Manitoba this year that cuts, binds and stooks grain in one operation. The stocking part of the outht is mounted on castor wheels and drawn at the side at the rear of the bindcr. The mechanism is driven from tho binder through an attachment on the pitman shaft.

When a-shea! is kicked out by thc

discharge arms it falls on n set ol prongs attached to an arm which im- mediately carries it back over end in a half circle to the carriage. Hero the stook is built up, The sheaves are placed to the right and left in this carriage alternately. From seven to eleven sheaves are put in a stook, the tripping being done automatically by weight. The stook, after it is built up, is bound with binder twine. On the left side is the knottei' from which the twine passes across the bottom of the carriage so that the sheaves are placed on it. The long semi-circular arm, which corresponds to the needle of the binder, swings over and carries the end of the twine back to the knotter. All the sheaves are, therefore, tied into a. compact bundle. The bed of the carriage then tips backward and the stook is stood on end. The adjustments are made so that the forward motion of t.lic ina- chine is exactly countenbnlanccd and there is no tendency for thc stook to topple over.

"ls this stooker going to work

successfully?" Mr. Colquette says. “Don't ask me. The day I saw it, it was not doing ii perfect job. But do not condemn it too hastily. The wheat was very short, shorter than you will find most yeais fn the west, and the men had not got it perfectly adjusted so that the twine was placed as to hold the sheaves tightly togeth- er. A shea! or two. therefore, was pulled down somewhat on the front side of the -stook as the rods were drawn out from under them. How- ever, this may ha-ve been more or less a mutter of adjustment. as the men who were operating it were en- tirely iiuuied to operating the ina- chine. I was informed by the farmer who had it that on the previous day it had been used to stook rye, which was a. longer crop, and that the stooks were put up in flue shape.

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Power Farming Has Already Proved s|\°“|ll Not Be Handled Except In Value of 1-‘ull Pioughlng Hue Beep

. its viiiuo. my iveauier. i Tested.-

Evldence of the growing popup"-_ One farm crop, the harvesting of, Judging by the result of careful

ity of tractors on farms is shown by reports made by more than sixty tractor own rs, nine out of every ten reportius at their investment in a tractor badfproved profitable. These data were btained in the summer and fall of ,1917, and in the spring of 1918 onirepi'esentati~ve farms by specialists, i order to determine just what condl ions justified the pur- chase of a tractor in that section. Experienced tractor owners who made report stated that tractors will prove profl ble on most corn-belt. farms of 18 acres or more, while in their opinion they should not be ex- pected to do so on farms of much

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Piewlng Not Difficult Task for Farvn

' Tractor.

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less than 180 acres. The report of the investigators states that while the figures were obtained in only one province, they are applicable through- out the corn belt and that the pros- pective tractor purchaser may reason- ably count upon equating the average performances reported in the study.

Nearly three-fourths (71, per cent.)

of those who reported owned tractors capable of pulling three ploughs. Eleven per cent. recommended t.wo- plough machines, while 13 per cent. advocated thd use of four ploughs. In answer to the question "What -.io you find to be the principal advan- tages of a tractor for furin work?" the answer indicates that its ability- to do heavy work and do it quickly, thus covering tho desired acreage within the pi'opcr'season, was con- sidered the principal advantage. The saving of man power and the doing away with hired help, enabling ii. man to farm a larger acreage and thus in- crease the crops he can raise, was next in importance. The ability to plough to a. good depth, especially in hot weather, was also emphasized.

Under disadvantages the difficulty

of efficient operation was thc prin- cipal point, and this fact should bc kept in mind by everyone who con- siders the purchase of a tractor, says the bulletin.' ln this connection it suggests that tractor owners take a course of training under competent instructors in this line, as the results of such a. course usually amply jus- tify the time and expense involved. Packing of the ground when damp was mentioned by several owners :is a disadvantage, but not as frequent- ly as was the case when more of the older and heavier machines were in use. The expense delays, and in- ability to use the tractor for some kinds of work for which horses could be used were disadvantages mention- ed by several owners,

Burberry Causes Rust.

When, several years ago. the late

Joseph Goodfellow, of Barrie, declur-_ ed that burberry carried rust to fall wheat, he was scoffed at by scien- tists. Mr. Goodfellow was, how- ever, later on. able to establish his case to the satisfaction of the On- tario Department of Agriculture.

More recently knowledge of the

facts had reached Ohio. A bulletin, issued by Ohio Experiinent. stzitiou says that cvidcuci: has como to light through recent i'iivesiigu.tioiis by hot.- anisis froui ilu- Ohio Station that thei barberry is responsible for consider- able loss in Ohio through wheat rust., In southwestern Green County, a 20- itcrc field of ivliczit pruciiczilly dc-p stroycil by stem rust. was found byi ficld mcri. On thc sniiic fnrui at hai--4 berry hcdgc severely rusted was lo- cated which was responsible for tho rust get.ting into the whc-ut. Just liowi niucii damage may be found over the state has not been estimated, but it

is sufficient to warrant the destruc- tion of all common burberry buslics.l Ohio specialists state.

“In iniiny sections," the bulletlni

adds, "the Japanese -variety of bar-1 berry is being substituted for thc( common barl>ci'i~y, since it is knowni that the former docs not luirbor tlie| rust spores."

‘ Drying Vegetables. , The temperature at which inost

-vegetables should begin drying is 110 _ degrees to 120 degrees F. If the fem-} perature is too high at first, thc cui- suffaces of the food become hard or scorched, covering the Juicy interior so that it will not dry out. The tem- perature can be increased gradually to 145 degrees F. or 150 degrees F. Insects and their eggs are killed at. 140 degrees F. When finished, the dried product should be so dry that it is impossible to press water out of the freshly-cut ends of the pieces, and these out ends should- not show any of the natural grain of the pro- duct. The product, however, sbouldi not be so dry ai-into snap or crackle. |

lt should be lenthery and pliable. i

Saving Albertafn Live Stock. : Between 1,500 and 1,600 cars of

hay have been shipped into the south part of Alberta this year as a result of the propaganda for saving the stock of the province, and also as the result of the policy of free freight on feed. A. E. Meyer, who has been in charge of this work, estimates that there have also been 17.000 cattle shipped into the north. 83,000 sheep and 8,500 horllnal n result of the

J

free {ro_ight_j_oiicy to stook moo.

- '.rnAo1'oBs Moms Porumm. HABVES'-PING POTATOES- Tobacco onowans.

which need not be hastened on ac- count of frost danger, is potatoes, which can safely be .left in the ground until the tops are killed by freezing. The best time to dig is as soon as the tops of the plants have died, but this condition doesnot oc- cur in the main crop before frost time in uiost parts of Canada unless oncoiiraged by the presence of dis- ease in the plants. One of the points to be observed in the harvesting of potatoes is that of providing for the :storing of the tubers in a dry state, und for this reason digging during or immediately after wet weather should be avoided if possible.

Where tho potatoes are intended

for immediate consumption, the dig- ging of zi portion of the crop in wet weather is excusable, but in no case should the product harvested under such conditions be offered for sale to any person likely to use them for wintcr storing.

Iii case the potato crop shows

signs of lute blight, it is more than cvcr desirable t.`h:it if. be left in the ground us lute as possible, so that thc disease tubers can be recognized :ind kcpt out of the cellar when harvesting finally takes place.

There is an exception to this late-

digging rule with regard to potatoes, hoivevcr, and it applies in thc case of potatoes intended for seed pur- poses. It has been found that pota- toes lizirvested a little on the green side give better results' from plant- ing than do those that have been allowed to attain full maturity. in sections of the country where the crop does not mature in any case before the arrival of killing frosts is found -the most desirable seed supply, but as the killing of the tops by frost naturally prevents further development of the tubers, the growers in these sections do not have to take special precautions in the way of early harvesting to eu- sure their potatoes being in proper condition for seed purposes. Growers whose potato land is situated in the \variner sections where the crop, as u. rule, attains maturity before frost time, are, in fact, advised toprocure seed from one ofthe cooler sections where the crop grows vigorously uu- tll the tops are cut down by frost in the fall.

\VINTERIl\'G BEES.

Protect Colonies by Ample Feeding

_ This Fall. It is pointed out by the Crop Re-

port Committee of the Ontario Bee- keepers’ Association that the most disturbing feature in the honey mar- ket situation is the ruling of the Canada Food Board that no sugar can he obtained for the fall feeding. "This means," says the report, "that from 2 to 40 per cent. of the a.vera_1e crop must bc hold for feeding back to the bees. The losses in bees lust winter were much heavier than nor- mal owing to thc unusual severity of thc winter and luck of stores, and thc coinmittcc urges :ill bcekecpcrs to protect thcmsclvcs' against. furthci' loss by ziinplc fccdiug this full."

Iilr. J. L. llycr, ol' lilzirkliam, who

has uiiulc at pronounced success of izcckccping on ai large scale, in ad- drcssing the annual meeting of the Oiitiii-io Ilcckeepcrs’ Association last December, oii tlicsiibjcct, said: “The first. thing I would say was essential in the \\'iutcring of bees is go id stores." Another iuzitier of import- ance to successful wintering of bei.-s, mentioned by lilr. Byer, was that of having n. wcll protected apiury, and providing efllcicnt protection, he rc- coinuicnded scrub second growth tim- ber, pointing out t.hat an apiary sil- uated in it plot of second growth timber is protected from the winds in every direction.

llcstrictlon of the use of sugar and

thc general high price of the article lin-vc conibincd to drlvc consumers to the use of honey :is a sweetcncr with thc result that thc price of thc chici proiiuct. of the apifirics has increasi-ii vcry considcrulily oi' late years. Tlic iiicrezised dcuiand for honey seems in keep up despite thc high price and it is to bc hopcd thc beokcepers will not bc Iciuptcdto part. with their holdings so liirizcly its to rcrlucc tlictr supply of honey fur wiiitci' feeding of the Iiccs, bclow what is iiccesszwy tu ensure thc siiccessfiil ~.vini.erin;_< uf cvcry colony. li' special protection oi' thc- :ipinry or individual hives will assist. in the conservation of honcy for feeding thc bees, every bcekecpcr shoiild taikc full advantage of his op- portunities in this direction and if lic is not fully aware of the best methods of wintering bees he should get lu touch with some member of the Bee- kcepc-rs' Association, who will pro- vldc him with the required inforui- ation or clsc direct him to someone who will do so.

_ To (ict More Eggs.

Every coiuiuercial breeder, every

fariner, every backyard poultry-rais- cr, is urged to keep tliesc uims stead- ily iu view:

1. Keep better poultry. Standard-

bred poultry improves the quality and increases production.

2. Select, healthy, vigorous breed-

ers to produce strong chicks.

3. Hatch early to produce fall and

winter layers,

4. Preserve cggs when cheap for

home use. f

5. Produce infertile elsc. except

for hatching.

6. Cull the flocks to eliminate un-

profitable producers.

7. Keep a small backyard flock lo

supply the family table.

New Br\|ns\\'|ck's Share.

New Brunswick. like the othcr

provinces of Canada. has answered the call for increased production, as will be soon by the following fable showing acreage in dinferent crops for 1913 and 1918, respeeiively:-

1913. 1918.

Oats . . . . . . . . 185,432 224,443 Wheat 12,389 49,453 Turnips . . . . . . 7,918 15,016 P°'»l»t°“ ueaoo

tests made during the last few yeais , it appears us if the practice of fall miinurins and plougbing tobacco lantl should become more general in Canada. '

In the Province of Quebec it `is

obvious that there is hardly sudi- cient time from the end of the winter till transpiating time to allow a thorough preparation and manur- lng of the land. in general there is more time for this work in the early fall. and the manure applied then will have a better chance to rot and become thoroughly mixed with the

soil.

In the tobacco-growing districts of

Ontario the working season in the spring is much longer than in the tobacco districts of Quebec. However. it has been proved flint ploughing the tobacco land in the fall allows a better distribution of the work on the farm, keeping the horses busy when there is comparatively little of the work to do outdoors.

Fall ploughing has proved one of

the most cffecti-vc means of combat- ting tlic insect pcsts of tobacco, cspc- cially the ciitworui. Some Ontario growers object to this practice on the grounds that land which has been fall plouglied must be reploughed tho following spring, meaning an exiia expense. The cost, of ploughing again in the spring. however, is very trifl- ing compared with thc damage that can be caused by an invasion of cut- worms.

Careful experiments conducted on

the Harrow Tobacco Station for the past three years have proven conclu- sively that fall ploughing is not only a good practice but is profitable.

In every instance fall ploughed

plots retained the moisture for a much longer period and yielded heavier crops than the plots manur- ed and ploughed in the spring. Ever. on land of ti fairly sandy nature this has been the case, and it has been found that though this sandy loain becomes compacted during the win- ter it can easily be prepared for to- bacco in the spring by a thorough discing.

Fall ploughing of tobacco land can

therefore be recommended on the following grounds: Better utilization of manure; more thorough eradica- tion of weeds; better conservation of moisture, cheapest means of combat- ting the tobacco pests.

A New O.A.C. \Vlieat.

With the object of originating

better ‘varieties of winter wheat than those already in cultivation. crosses have been made at the On- tario Agriculturnl College between the Duwson’s Golden Chaff _,and some of the varieties of particularly high quality for bread production. A cross made between the Dawsoirs Golden Chaff and the Bulgarian has furnished a new wheat which, in six years, has surpassed both its parents in average yield per acre, and is al- most equal to the Bulgarian in bread production. This variety has been given the name "0_.A.C. No. 104,” and has been distributed throughout Ontario in connection with the co- operative experiments in each of thi- past three years. It has made the highest record in each of these years. It proved to be one of the hardlesi varieties in the tests of the past year. This new wheat should be available in fairly large quantities by another season. It will be distributed in small lots for co-operative experi- ments to those who wish to test -varieties of winter wheat. -

Keeping Poultry.

1. Improve your poultry stock. 2. Keep one of the general-purpose

breeds, such as the Plymouth Rock. Wyaudottes, Orpington, or Rhode Island Red.

3. Provide one clean, _dry, vermin-

free nest for every four or five hens.

4. Conclude all hatching by May

15 and sell or confine male birds dur- ing the remainder of the summer.

5.- Gather eggs once daily during

ordinary time, and twico daily dur- ing hot or rainy weither.

6. in summer, place eggs as soon

as gnthcrcd in it cool, dry room.

7. Use all small and dirty cggs at

home.

li. Mui-kct. eggs frequently, twice it

wcck, if possible, during the suiumcr.

9. In taking eggs to market, pro-

tect tlicin from the sun’s rays.

10. In selling, insist that the

transaction be on ci “loss-off" basis; for. if care has been given the eggs, this system will yield money to the producer.

Embargo on Seed Grain.

A seed grain embargo has been

recommended by Saskatchewan hy Mr. F. H. Auld, Deputy Minister of Agriculture, applicable to certain ports of the province. The proposed embargo-incliides that part of Sas- katchewan in townships oneto eigh- tcen inclusive, west of the third meri- dian, and from townships nineteen fo the northern boundary settlement west of range ten, west of the third meridian. lt is estimated by the Pro- vioclsl Department of Agriculture that st least one million bushels of seed wheat will require to be pur- chased by farmers who did not raise enough seed this yciir for next sea- son's use. li. is also c.-.iimsted that about one and a half iuillion bushels of oiiis will require to be bought.

tiood Ilecovery ln Saskatchewan. Thr- Provincial Department of

Agriculture estimates Saskatche- \van's wheui. crop ut u little over ten hushela per acre, or 08% millions all told, While the crop is very much smaller than last year, the value is only tive million dolsrs less than in 1917. At one time, Premier Martin says, it looked ns if Saskatchewan would not have 50,000,000 bushels

this year. I

In 1913 the U. S. Government piec-

ed the average price paid per 100 pounds to American producers of sheep at $4.54, and in 1017 09.50.

H

__ ,_,_,, _ _, , `

" - » - " 4 ~ .

1 i

i

i

I

i

> i

I

i

ri-lei/i,sizi<s'rs

FARMERS' MABKUIY. ` TORONTO, Nov. 4.-The qll0¢l--

urday were:- ' ' I-ily and Straw-

Hsy, No. 1. per ton...S2l0 00to

Huy, No. 2, per ton.... 26 00 Straw. rye. per ton.... 25 00 -Straw, loose, per bon.. 10 00

Straw, oat, bundled, per

ton . . . . . .............1500 1700

Dairy Produco,» Retali-

Eggs, new. per doz.....$ Bulk ` t ..

=_=.=E’ sas:

3 S

co¢eo° es S§S§§l8§

°¢O°=°o2oo¢o=°o

. U\

::sssss§;gs;s.g 5 ...T

going a

Tlutler. farmers' dairy.. Sprint: chickens. lb. . . . . Dueklings, lb. . ...... lioiliug fowl. lb. . . . .. . .. (loess. lb. . '1`urkeys.lh_

'farm Produce, Wh -

Rutter, creamery. solide..| o $0 Sl flutter, dairy, 0 4| Oleomiirgnrine. lb. . 0 Sl Eggs. cold-storage. doz.. 0 I5 I-Iggs, new-laid, doz. ..... ..._ Cheese. _new, lb. .. . _ . . . . Cheese. new. twins, lb. Honey. 5. 10 and 60-lb

pulls, per lb . . . , . . . ..... 0 21

Honey, sections. each.... 0 80

Pure Lard-

Tierces, lh_ ............S0 38 to

'.30-lh_ pnils ....... 0 33 Pound prints ..... .,..... 0 34

Shurtenlrig-

'l`iercs.~._ lh_ .. .......$0 26 to $...¢ L0-lb. pails ............027 .... Pound prints 0 28% .... Fresh Meats. Wholesale.

Beef, hindqusrters. cwt.$2l 00to

Beef, choice sides. cwt.. 20 00 Beef, forequnrtcrs, cwt.. 15 00 Beef, mi:dium_ cwt.. . .. .. 17 00

15 00 0 21

und. un

oe $3

$...r

noni

ICO.

ssassssasss ssesezsssss

Liecf. common, cwt.. .....

lcimhs, spring. lb....... . Million. cwt_ 22 00 \'eul.'N0. I, cwt......... 24 00 Veal, medium 20 00 Hogs, 120 to 150 1b.~i._ cwt. 24 0_0 Hogs heavy, cwt........ 21 00 Poultry Prices Being- Pala to Produew. Llve-Weight Prices- _

Chickens. spring. lb. .80 25 to 80 H Fowl_ under 4 lb|...... 0 20 .in Fowl, 4 lbs. md over.. 0 24 ....

Duckling, lb. .........0!l OM Geese. l _ 0 2| .... Turkeys. young. lb..... 0 35 ....

DTurkgys, old, lb........ 0 30 .'..¢

e

rc no - Lbfckens. spring, lb....80 I0 to $...'¢ Roostern. lh .......... 025 Fowl. under 4 ibs...... 0 28 Fowl. 4 lbs. and over. lb. 0 30 ...'. Ducklintrs. lb, 0 28 0 Q Geese. lu. 0 38 ...-. Turkeys ,...

\VINNIPEG GRAIN MAREI. ivinuineg, Nov. z.-cash u-adam 'vu

duh and featureless again on the . ket today. Oats closed lf, cent or for December.

Barley closed one cent higher for D0-

Cember.

I-‘lax closed one cent higher for No.

veuiber andwiiincfianged for December.

|\h K ,

Oats: I)ecembeE:2OTJ”e=1':°’l7%c; clone,

7’i%c. Barley: December-Open, 81.011; ‘sig-1549, $éig;;f;. 1,-`l:iIx: §~I)ovemBer»'0p‘ln,

.-il . . ‘ gc ru p_0 Sansa; close, s§.a1.' ° e °°°'

Cash Prlcg.

»-so ...-

ons-No. 2 c.w., so : N. a c.w. vmc; egos No. 1 feed, site; (lilo. 1 food 7Uii‘acr;1e1;"°'N2 '§°?3\%%$‘i os N 4 cw

* 0- I -1 - I Us . .

°”s..:fs°.‘:“. ii*s=.-“°¢.’..‘.°°.e- ’rs..' $3.44; N.. :i'c.w.'. £3.52. ` ' °' ` "

CHICAGO GRAIN MARKET.

J.P.Bikll&C. .

ing prices gnethe Chi?:agrg%’r:|§ri?‘:f $23;

Open. High. Low Close.

114% 115' its 1 um 116,' in

65% . 63% F7

Corn-

January

November 0n.ts-

.l`;aniiariv i OVEIH N51" December .56 1 Park* _ ss 0 st ee ew.

-\"'\'-‘iiilior .....-35.00 ..'... ‘ 40.10 40.10 39.90 39,99

.2s.;io 26.30 ' 24,20

26.20

Nvvc is .....22.oo 2. _ Jaiii»;?ycr.....,.,22.15 22 00 igfgg

22 .05

'CATTLE MARKETS

UNION sroox Yiinos.

TORONTO, Nov. 4.-Receipts of

live stock of all kinds at the Union Yards for to-day's market consist, approximately. of 3500 cattle, 2500 sheep and lambs, 2000 hogs and about 200 calves. _

EAST BUFFALO LIVE SCIDUK-

East Buffalo, Nov. 2.--Cattle, rs-

Oeibifs 300: steady. Cnlvea, receipt!

1001: $1 lower; $7 t;s°%1B.50.

ogs, rece pts . 10;:

heavy $18.50 to $18.90, e. few? mixed and yorkers. $18.75 to $1585; light yorkers, $17 to $17.50; pigs. $11: roughs $12 to $16.80; stage $12 to S15.