l .51: cuuitorrerown ,9

,.._

.\ ._..- .--.-s..

P . t. \ L‘

President-W. (‘heater ti. Helm". M. l‘.

Serf-Mar) —llieul. (Jul. ll.

Enlltnr mul Managing \Ms<u~|llif‘ Ealiturh-Frnuk

Morning Unify (founded llilili 30.50 Ill‘: your (in mini )

SATURDAY. DEC

-_

The Acid Test

The. I-Ion. Robert weir, Federal Minister of Agriculture. concluded his recent euuneialioti of important new policies in agriculture with a refer- ence to what he considered the real test of the worth of a national pol- icy. "In ivorking out any ilational policy in agriculture that I under- take. I place myself mentally in some simple farm home.“ he said. “Many

of them come to my mind when I am

working on these problems. I judge everything by that alone. If the pul- _i,¢y when enunciated does not leave

its imprass in the farm home. then l _

know you mil agree with me, it ll

not worthy of the name of a nation- l

al policy of agriculture."

Crime Decrease in Britain

Discussing the recommendation of I select committee that capital pun- ishment in the United Kingdom be lbollshed for an experimental period of ilva years, the New York Herald- Tribune observes that this is an ex- ivsmely interesting suggestion.

The United Kingdom, notwith- Il-ndirtl the industrial depression which has EflPPfl! It ever since the aiose of the World War. has become in tbs mcantinw a relatively crime- leu country. Its murder rate ls the lowest in the civilized world. It has men fit in the last decade to aban- don something like twenty-seven prisons for want of inmates ‘to popu- late them. And yet all the while its machinery of Justice has functioned _,wlth an efficiency and a precision

I which are the despair of the Ameri-

can system and the envy of other countries. Surely there could be no better soil ‘for the experiment men- iioned.

For the question of capital punish- ment ls not one to be decided in the abstract. Its answer depends entirely on the community involved. There are regions in United States, says the Herald-Tribune, and doubtless in Europe and elsewhere, where the ab- sence o! official execution would rc-

' wit. in an immediate resort to lynch-

lngs and other forms of mob violence. Far betel" that the occasional crim- inal be put out of the way’ by the state aft/er an impartial trial than that murderous feuds parties be encouraged to wreak in-

and lynching

iiscrimitlatc vcligczince. The thing is really a local m-oblcxvi, to he solved according to the frequency and qual- ity of the murders that occur within -a given jurisdiction and the temp/ct" "of the populace.

The society that. can holn its ho-

nicide rate at a minimum and mam-

taln order without recourse to capit-

_ al punishment is justified ll1 aban-

doning it. ilvgland appears to belong in the former category. For this

l'reas0n one may hope that Parlia-

ment will adopt the recommendation af its select committee.

Looking To Ottawa

In a loading; editorial entitled "Looking to "Ottawa? The Iondcn Times takes the Raznsay MacDonald Government to task for the lethargy and inconcluslveness which ll display- ed at the recent Imperial Conference. It ivants to know what is really tn the minds of the British Labor ministers with regard to Imperial economic un- ity. It asks lf they actually mean bus- iness in regard to the wheat quota proposal. It says that Canada and Australia have a. right to knoiv-es- peclally in view of the alarming

- , dumping campaign of the Soviet Ra-

publlcs. - The Times continues:

"And how do they (the British Labor ministers) interpret the un- dovtaking which they have given the dominlons not to reduce the ex- isting preferential margins for three years, subject to the right of the United Kingdom Parliament to m: the budget from year to year? The Government apparently regard their declaration on preferential rial-gin". as applylnu to the McKen-

' i“ duties, but not to the safeguard-

‘ duties which expire next 1th; but the dominion Govern- _r~ 1 attach so much importance L! this uledre. the sole concrefs out-

1

UARDIAN

lirr-rroallirni-ql. B. Burnett .1. Alfwlilnnull. II. H. (I. Director-J. It. IHWHPH Walker uml i). K. (‘urrlo

£5.00 nee your (in fllllllllrl‘) uleliiered. m n-ql

nnln innl l Il|I\'l| Pilutrs.

EMBEII 21. 1950

[Notes by the Way

Let not the spirit of Christmas die with the passing of the day. The .i'ield for Christmas lierallty is open from year's end to year's end and. the need for it unfortunately remains ‘Wllilf! it is everlastingly true "that

.~tlic poor you shall always have with

come of the conference on its c00-

nonuc sirle, that it. would be danger-

..' ‘act to clear up, at once and au-

| l \ r ‘Lively’. the doubts which have

' been created by its amBiiZUOY-IS pin. ing. Tu what duties precisely does the (leclarutlm apph‘: And. what is intended to be the effect of the caveat reserving the budget Tlullls of the United Kingdom Par- liament?"

l l i l l u The Tunes, which is still the most l l

influential organ of public opinion in Great Britain. insists that the people of Canada and the other dominions. as ivell as the people of Great Bri- , tall‘, have a right to be fully inform- l ed upon this point a’, the earliest pos- ismu- date. Such information is es- sontial in vlcw of the preparations 1 which will he neeeasavy in all parts of the Flmpire with a view to the ad- Joumed Imperial Conference at Ot- tawa about the middle of the coming

YGEU‘.

Books Olr! and New

habit— even

Protesting against the a prevailing one among that portion of the reading public of today which studies serious literature. --of reading almost nothing but books of the day, Bishop Gore puts forward an eloquent plea for the older clas-

sics: “To read theboolts of the day ministers. no doubt, to the exten- sion of knowledge. and to the in- tellectual curiosity which desires a. succession of fresh cxcitemflits. But it does not commonly minis- ter to the establishment of stable convictions for life. Yet behind all the changes in the human outlook and all the developments of know- ledge, which produce such sharp contrasts between (liflerent epochs, is there not such a thing as the permanent manhood. the funda- mental man, with his instincts, passions. appetites. reason. imagin- ation, will—with his ideals, strug- gles, failures, realisations? Do not the pleasure and profit of reading the ‘classical’ literature of other ages than our own lie just in this- that it forces upon us the recogni- tion of this unchanging manhood- which ivas and is and is to be? “We shake. hands across the ages as well as across differences of na- tionality, with brother man, and amongst brother mcn with the Great Man who stands for all time, net as infallible indeed, but as an ever-enduring witness to something essential. if the worth and pro- gress of humanity is to bc main- tallied. "The truly great

Have all one age, and from one visible sphere

Shed influence, and time is not with them

Save as it workclh through them, they in it."

Kllorc Liceslucl:

The (Iesirabiliiy of paying more at- tention to the liveteek industry was cmphasrjcd recently‘ by Premier To]- llllf‘. cf British Cclunlbin, who said lthat the ]!l",“.’lllCC produced only 15 per cent. of the pork itconsmncd, less than half the lrnnb, and only hali to keep the months.

bccf in :1 year consume... going for seven He might have added, says the Van- couver Pvmzncc, something about the lame butter imports. British Colum- lbins llYPLiDVK industry is, no doubt, ‘isupplying rt greater share of the luceds of the province than it was,

l .sa_v, fifteen or twenty years n30; but

it is still inadequate to the require- ments of the homo market.

Of course continues the Province. what Premier Tolmlc said of Brit- ish Columbia. is. lo. a measure, true of all Canada and of the prairie provinces in particular. ‘Phc prairies have pinned their faith to wheat, and ivheat, during the past two years, has failed them.‘ The prairies will, no doubt, con- tinue to grow wheat as their staple product. But. having received a. very severe lesson on the folly of put- ting all their eggs in one basket, they may be expected to attempt a. diversification of their investments. The difficulty will be for them to get a start.

enough

Editorial N otea

The British House of Commons has adjourned until Jan. 21, and the Lu- bor Govemment can count upon a

‘whole month of secure tenure of loifice.

District Attorney Fisher of Penn- sylvania has inaugurated a drive in

exile witchcraft practitioners and "pow-wow" doctors from York Coun-

ty. Civilization in the neighboring republic ll I. slow prowl-l.

ash-hm.

you." Iu so highly favoured a country as ours where there is more than sufficient to meet the needs of' all, there should be no unsatisfied lneed. It is for those who belelve in ‘the. spirit of Christmas to see to it that there shall be no want or suffer- ling. The liberality so generously ex- emplified during the past few days will have been greatly discounted if .it ceases to function with the end of fthe Christmas season.

Truth in tell, the governments of the world have shown little enthus- liasm tat the preparatory disarma- ment gathering at Geneva) for the job of disarming and a glance ahead lshows rather alarming possibilities of lpolitical changes that may embitter ‘lnationalistic feelings. Unless persons of goodwill the world over can arouse pa clamor against the wicked waste of money on preparations for slaughter, ithe world situation is likely to go itrom had to worse.

Where asks the Brockville Recorder cnd Times are the financial speed artists today? All out of business and Vand many in jail. ‘They imagined ltheir dazzling speed would accomp» lhsh everything, without being im- pcdcd by sane control, with failure and worse as the result. Speed is essential, optimism and enthusiasm requisite, but the process that has been ln course of operation for some years of discarding experience for experiments has provcn a failure and a resultant collapse in many legiti- mate ‘enterprises.

Present estimates place the pop- nlatioxl of Canada in excess of 10,000,000. This means um, after the changes resulting from ‘ice 193i census became effective. the House of lCmnmons will have about: 2'15 mem- bars, instead of 245 as at present. Phenomenal growth will give sixteen out of the thirty new seats to the West; British Columbia will have eighteen seats instead of fourteen; Alberta twenty instead of sixteen; Saskatchewan twenty-six instead of twenyt-one; Manitoba twenty instead of seventeen. In the next Parlia- ment the West: will hold thirty per cent of the voting strength instead of twenty-seven per cent as at present. When the centre of political power has definitely shifted from East to West, a western paper remarks rather ominously’, the consequences are likely to be far reaching.

The statement that graduates of Canadian universities in applied science are remaining in Canada rather than seeking employment iiOlltll of the international border or in some other foreign country is u. vciy encouraging one. It is encour- aging from two points of view. The exodus of graduates is certainly not lfccry welcome to the taX-DRVCYS fllld {other supporters of C-anadinh uni- lversitics. The former in particular lure flpt to become a bit skeptical as lto the tidvisalaility of spending good

unoncy to train men here, and illicn have these leave. the country M |thc first opportumlv- 7111'!’ W"

lhnrdly be blamed for their attitude. iThe fact that silcli a procedure is no longer necessary, at least so far as lean be seen from statistics regarding ltcelmicnl graduates. shows also that lCmlndlau industry ls expanding to the point ivhcre it can employ moi-c who have fitted

iilllfl IllDfft lllffl]

themselves for some Pllfliclllm‘ branch of work. Col. R. E. Smith. head of an organization ivhlch

specializes m the placing of Such graduates, states that bcforc i927 m many as 20".}. of the numbers gradu- ated each year from technical courses in Canadian unversitics souiht jobs outside the count/TY. In i930 the proportion had dropped to 2%.

A mung 1on5 d] ‘ telephone call has claimed public flit-Bill!!!“ $5 the longest yet made. not iwrlwvs 1H the distance between speakers but in the number of miles the conversation had to travel. A Melbourne subsciber wished to sneak W U“ “"16"- Callfornia, and to effect the connect- ion vlrtually the whole circumference of the earth was traversed. The 0811 passed over the land-lino from Mel- bourne to sydney. the“ "Y "d" *° London via the finale-Awful!“ service, again by radio to New T01‘! via the transatlantic service. B“! from New York across the American continent by tclephme “bu M m‘ Angeles, California. This WNW link-up was effected within an hour of the request for the call bcinl made. Speech mm wm was bu"! clearly, and there was no interrupt- ion.

j-

1g l5 the pathos of many hackney- ed gm“, gym», may are intrinsically delicate and are only mtfihflnlwllf made dulL-G. K. Chesterton.

l

1- i

Qyjnmca W. Bqflo", Mp MOVING PICTURES 0F BODY PROCESSES

I believe everyone who reads of the discovery of the X ray feels sorry for Crookes, the British research physician, that he was not the dis- coverer of this wonderful aid to medicine and surgery.

Whilst he was busy on some other research work, the tube that he or- iginated and that bears his name, happened to be in a certain location in the laboratory of a German scientist, Roentgen, who thus scold- ently discovered the X rays, and they are quite properly called the Roentgen rays.

‘These rays were first used to diag- nose fractures of bones, then to flnd ‘lost’ articles in the body, and simi- lar uses.

Then came the knowledge of the condition of the lungs, the workmg of the heart, the use of the barium meal to locate ulcer of the stomach or cancer anywhere in the digestive tract, then putting iodized oil into the bronchial tubes and spinal cord to locate any trouble there, and dyes into the system to show condition of the gall bladder.

And now in Berlin, by the use of the X ray, there have been able to take moving pictures of the act- ual working of the difficult processes of the body.

They have been able to take pic- tures for a period of twenty five sec- onds at a time without any burn or other damage to the skin or tissues. These- films show the heart in health or disease with the effects after long periods of exertion in some form of sport.

They have been able to take side views of a person speaking, whose tongue had been made visible by coating it ivith bismuth. “It is hoped by' the use of these views of persons speaking, that progress will be made in the training of deaf mutes since they can study in detail the motions of the tongue in producing various letters.

These moving pictures should prove wonderful help in the training of physicians. To actually see the organs working in normal healthy individuals and then see how these organs do their work when interfered with by infection or other cause, should‘ prove of great help in diag- nosis, and also in treatment.

All these steps forward are cer- tainly comforting, not only as we think of ourselves, but more particu- larly as we think of our children and the more strenuous life of people in the years that are ahead of us.

amsri-zm arm CIIRILIIMAS, 19:0

(A Modern Christmas GfcctinSl

Sages cunfczls 'l'hat land and sea And you and me And suns and stars Appear to be Composed of less Thm nothingncss; Charges of e- Lectrieity;

That time is curud

And space likewise; ‘Phat muss for size) '

Depends on speed.

So say the wise. They have observed That light has swerved;

That worlds arise

In other guise.

Sternly they say That gold and lead And beef and bread And saxophoncs, And eke my head, May melt away Alike some day To Voltage dread Or Ohms instead.

1f Christmas time Be curved or straight I cannot wait To ascertain. At any rats I find it prime Sweet and sublime. Jclysian date! The death of hate!

And so to you My love, good friend. Though worlds may bland And solids disappear And light-rays bend, Still love holds true As God's Son knew, And may He send Love without end.

..__. f

When Winter Reigns

(Montreal Gazette)

‘There have been authors who have ‘ ventured to say a good word for winter, and their screed, conned over beside a comfortable fire, hasjts in- terest. Yet occasionally the wintry weather calls attention to itself in such a way that the experience is not quite so pleasant, and all topics go down before the felt pressure of a bitter tang which Leigh Hunt, in his characteristic fashion, illustrates by telling how, during a special spell of cold weather, a. gamin selves his problem by making his younger brother “g0 to bed first." The Brit- ish papers, last winter, were display- ing pictures and graphic descriptions of the Arctic "snap" that seemed to have descended upon the European continent, prompting a very under- standable conjecture as to whether the Great Ice Age was about again to visit our little planet. The cold depression extended over a wide area. We read of seventy-seven degrees of frost in the Balkans, of skating on the lagoons at Venice, of a. Siberian clunaie in Germany. of wolves mak- ing raids upon some of the villages in northern Europe and of people perishiug of the cold in Constantin- ople. In England there were snow- drlfts ten feet deep. and although the actual temperature was not any- thing we this side of the Atlantic would consider terrific, yet the hu- midity of the climate renders a drop down below zero, real physical pun- ishment except to the few hardy folk who have the courage, say, to take a dip into the Serpentine at this season of the year. We imagine that 9V9" the)’ Would be constrained to quit their cold water habit during such a rigorous spell of frigid weath- er as obtained in the British Isles during last year. The English people do not". build their houses so as to fortify themselves against such sharp attacks of cold weather, and conse- quently when they occur there is much discomfort and suffering whilst prudence compels those who can af- ford to do so to “den up" until mild- cr and more normal temperature re- sumes its sway. Conditions, are not so bad this year, fortunately for the BOUT.

Yct there have been remarkable fmsts in Old England during the centuries that have gone. In the time of dour William the Conqueror, the frost set in at November ‘and lasted ‘until the following April. Again. in i633. the Tliameswas froz- en over and a. sort of public festival held upon the ice. In 1708 descend- ed "lion the whole of Europe one of the severest "frosts ever known or recorded, although, strange to say, Scotland and Ireland were the two countries ivhich scarcely felt the 171ml; at llll- And here is one of tho lily-stories about these extraordinary visitations, for some spots (m the map which geographically lie within the depressed zone seem to Cbfjapg the biting fang of wintry attack, What explanation can be given of this phenomenon? Amongst ggolog- ists lhcrc has been much spcculntiun as to the cause or causes of n gradual change in the earth's climate such as brings about an Iec Age that ex- lflmls over luany ages, or even mill- cnniums. but it is questionable whether any satisfactory theory of this; transformation has ever been found. In Canada we are fcrtumtte i" llfivlul; =15 a rule a winter season which. taken all in all, affords m; room fut‘ grumbling. and whilst be- tlncs the thcrinoinetev {Loos (lawn considerably below, zero mark, there 15 110 Rrcat discomfort. und thous- ands of our citizens look with pleas- ure to the coming of the snow in or- der that they may indulge and cnjtiy the ivintev sports which, happily, have bccomc so marked a feature of our socinl life. They arc wniting 110w for a touch of mal winter.

. '1 he Second Offence" <Mitnchester Guardian.)

Almost too good to be true is the “CY-V 0f Jlldkc S. Davis bf Danbury, f“ 41., who, being summoned in “'1 own court for violating a motoring law, tried his own case and sentenced himself to pay an