‘of the early French

PAGE FOUR.

THE

GUARDIAN. CHARLOTTETOWN

APRIL A 3. 1950

THE GUARDIAN

Ilornln| Dolly (Founded In Iul) Authorised no second class Ilull Poss onm Department. Ottawa Tho Island Guardian I’ubIlohll|’ Co. ‘dime and Managing Director, J. 3. Burns“ Associate Editor, Frank \VIlIsol'.

”Ths Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink."

MONDAY. APRIL a, 19:50 E. ii. I’.

’I'iie European Recovery Programme has been in operation for two years and has two years yet to run in order to achieve its purpose of economic and political sta- bility. The total bill to date is reported to be nearly $9,000,000,000, a sum calculated to stagger the imagination. This great plan is not, of course, anything in the nature of a relief project. it was early determined that the object should be to make the war torn countries self sufficient and any diver- sion of funds to the purposes of direct re- lief is beside the main purpose. Canada is not, of course, a recipient of E. R. P. bounty but this country has benefited by the im- proved trading position of European coun- tries indirectly resulting from the E. R. P. stimulus. it is always risky to anticipate the verdict of history but it seems certain that the Marshall Plan and the European Recovery Programme will godown as one of the greatest contributions to civilization ever mark‘ h_\' a single C0llllll'_V.

Hidden Taxes

The "tidal wave of protests" raised in New Brunswick over the proposed provin- cial sales tax suggests the following reflec- tlons to the New Glasgow Evening News:

“Strangely enough, the federal govern- ment is levying double what New Bruns- wick is tacking on; we have been paying eight per cent Oil practically everything for years now and not batting an eyelid. We seldom think of it unless we have occasion to import seine luxury from the United States and discover the Cro\vn's thorough servants standing by to collect that plus whatever else Parliament in its infinite wis- dom has deemed collectible.

“The public does look at things peculiar- ly. Raise the price of cigarettes a cent a package and there is the dickens to pay. Put on a provincial sales tax and there is grumbling. But have a hidden eight per ‘cent sales tax which amounts to ten, twelve or fourteen by the time it has passed from the manufacturer to the consumer and nary a thought is given it. '

“Why? Because the citizen does not know it costs him five or six dollars on his new suit and twenty to twenty-five on the fur coat his wife dreams of, $160 on his car apart from other taxes and a mere $30 or so on that new refrigerator or electric Itove.

“It is a pity that merchants didn't put on their advertising literature how much of their price is due to taxation. The citizens would be surprised; most of them. And, perhaps, something might be done about it!

Geological survey

Relative to the neighboring Provinces,

UIlAR.LOT'I'-E'l‘0\\'N.

little geological work has been done in Prince Edward Island. The earliest was that of Gesner, about 1840. The latest

V'0C0l‘ll'lalSSall(‘l". in Iiiis field was conducted in 1948 by Mr. G. C. Milligan, who report- ed last year to the Provincial Department of Iiidtistry and Resources. His report has been puhlislicd in pamphlet form and copies were tabled in the Legislature shortly be- fore thc llousc pmrogued. The members, however. were too busy discussing other matters to give it even passing attention.

Geology is a dry subject, but even to the layman it is interesting to know that the western part of the Province still retains some evidences of the Pleistocene oi: glacial period. This is in the form of drift and boulders of foreign material, coming in part from Nova Scotia and New Bruns- wick and in part from gneissic areas of Southern Labrador and the north shore of the St. Lawrence. The gravel deposits of Huntley River and St. Anthony are of glacial origin. East of Summerside the evi- rlences of glaciation are not as clear-cut, and, in general, "travelled boulders" are rare, except along the beaches. With the removal of the Pleistocene ice the land evi- dently rose, as is indicated by the presence of the raised beaches.

Mr. Milligan makes an interesting com- mentary on- our so-called French dykes. These dykes are low banks, two to four feet high,'borderlng the tidal rivers, and closely resemble dykes built to protect the land lying behind them, which is frequent-

‘ ly, below the level of the river at high tide.

They have been credited to the industry ttlers. "A little cal- culation," says the writer, "would show that up fowiscttlers must have been busy men,

lfthey constfuctedsllthc dykes ,I‘l:t1'lblusdtothcin.Amors prosaic CXpl&na- thst thcywen _oonst1'ucted by the

onoflc‘cgroundedon,llicrlvcrbs_nk

and pushing _up dirt and rocks from the river bottom." "“

Of more practical concern is the geolo- gist’s indorsation of a fact which our agri- cultural experts have been warning against for years. This is soil erosion, about which Mr. Milllgan has this to say:

"The removal of the soil can result only in the more rapid running off of water, and the transportation of larger and larger frag- ments of material from the land to the streams. In the extreme case, the point. is finally reached where even the trees cannot maintain themselves. While the writer cer- tainly does not wish to be held an alarmist and to infer that this ultimate end is in sight for the Province, he does wish to point out that this is no mere academic problem and has already, apparently, forced the abandonment of many farms, or has been a seriously contributing factor in their abandonment. Aside from the ques- tion of loss of land there is also the still more immediate problem of cost of produc- tion. It is fully realized that -the farmers are, perhaps justifiably, suspicious of ad- vice tendered by an ‘engineer’, who knows little or nothing about farming. Neverthe- less it was impossible to avoid speculation, as one worked over the whole Province, as to just how much of the chemical fertilizer spread so lavishly over the land. at such cost in cash, each spring found its way into the streams and the sea by autumn.”

The report contains detailed descriptions of deposits of gravel, silica sands, clay, peat and limestone, and has even a passing ref- erence to gold, which has “long been report- ed to occur in the vicinity of Cape Wolfe" but in uneconomic proportions.

EDITORIAL NOIES

Five more days till Easter. 0 O O

Canada's new air service to Jamaica, the Bahamas and Florida should be good for both prestige and trade. Canadian products are more likely to find a ready market when our cities are hours away instead of

weeks. I

It is a pity that an American senator should have made the Irish question an is- sue in American dealings with Britain. It is easy‘ to imagine his indignation if Britain had suggested how his own country should

run its affairs. I

it is hard to begrudge Israel the large consignment of surplus American potatoes reportedly purchased in the United States, presumably at one cent per hundred pounds. On the other hand it is also hard to see being glutted another mar-ket_ for Island spuds.

The commanding officer of the recently grounded U. S. battleship Missouri demons- trated the principles of command in refus- ing to seek refuge behind possible mistakes by his juniors. His position was that, as captain, he was responsible for the effici- ency of those under him.

0 O O

The new set-up of the Senate and Judiciary suggested by Senator Robertson indicates that Senators and judges will be compulsorily retired at seventy-five. Does that mean the Senators will be retired on full indemnity and the judges on full salary? As to the former, it is exceptionally rare that they are called to the Senate before seventy; and as to the latter, between sixty and seventy is the average of the appoint- ces.

The new Federal Building appears as far away as ever. Out of a total of approxi- mately 20 claims for compensation, only six so far have been settled. The other four- teen are holding out against the offer made by the Government. if their cases go to the Exchequer Court, which does not meet here till June, that means reconstruction work will not begin till probably July or August, depending when decision of the Court is given.

0 0

Richard Cobden, British statesman and apostle of Free Trade, died this date 1865. He started business as a cotton printer in Manchester in 1830. After travelling in the U. S. and in the East was elected M. P. for Stockport, and engaged in the anti-Corn Law agitation, being given credit by Peel as the man to whom the repeal of the Corn Laws was due. He ne_xt gave himself up to the cause of international peace; and later, in 1860, arranged the famous commercial treaty between Britain and France which inaugurated a period of reciprocity between the two countries. He was the “father of the Manchester School of Politicians" who advocated the claims arid needs of the cities and industries for cheap labour irrespective of the needs of the country and farmers. Free trade would have been all right “if the other fellow reclprocated," but when bar- riers were erected against British produc- tion both the cities and the country suffer- ed; ultimately nsosssltstlng the Cowm- ment subsidizing farmers and conscrlptlng

labourl , , .

_.‘(

Flying saucers

- I \

was news: or ‘rule ween wt-.-mil sv we weu-lmowu mouimne vuoioesamea, Mm. Quizivlo mzsliom, WHOSTUMBLED oven. sovlemllle

or news mos wile» us sumo mo MR- E6B€RT KIPPLE WHO HAS FRGQENTW SEEN FLVING SAUC€R$' BUT nsvenuouolr II or SUFFICIENT IMPORT To NOIIFY we PRESS.

‘mono mun-on mine cum: M09 1075

_.I-.~*-.-l.-l.-us.-la.-'-.-.-.-l.-.-.l-l.’-.-l.-w.-. pUBI.|C FURUM

This coluuin is open to Hit! discussion by currespundci.:. of questions of interest. The Guardian does no: necessar- lly endorse the Oillﬂlﬂll 0’ cuuespondenls.

-..-c-.-.-c-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. A DOMINION OBLIGATION

-fa‘ u'b'n's's'-'n'u'J'¢'- -"n'b'a'I'H'-'-'¢'n"f

sir, -— Relcrriiig to the recent press reports of the possibility of the Canadian National Rail\va._\s taking over the Ferry Service oper- ating botween Wood islands and Caribou, also the proposal that the Canadian National Railway ‘be glveii the right. to operate bus and truck service throughout’. the Pro- vince, I would like to submit. for the consideration of the citizens of this Province 2: question. '0 my mind, of very great. importance, and wlilch does not appear to have been referred to in press dispatches of recent negotiations. but. from the past experience of this Pro- vince, would require most care- ful haiidling. .

When Prince Edward Island on- tered the Confederatlon Union. the agreement. as regards transportat- ion and other services. was made with Canada. and not with the Canadian National Railways. There is no provision for Canada to dele- gate authority to 8.l10IahCI' party in this respect. The Canadian Nation- al Railways own and operate trans- port. services in Canada and the United States. and is therefore an international institution. The lnter~ Colonial Railway and the Prince Edward Island Railway were im- portant factors in the Confederat- ion agreement, They were part of the Canadian Gove'rnmenl: Rall- ways and came under the original national structure of the constitut- ion, with special rates and services. until absorbed by the Canadian National Railways in 1912. At. that time freights rates were increased ninety-two per cent in the Mari- times, whilst. in the rest of Canada. the increase was only fifty-five per cent. _

The terms of Confederation re- ceived no consideration by the Canadian National Railways sc- cordlng to evidence submitted by Railway officials before the Duncan Commission, and industry in the Maritlmes suffered tcrrlflcally. For that reason the Duncan Commiss- ion brought in their recommendat- ion ol a twenty per cent reduction in freight. rates as an endeavour to overcome this burden and in- justice. The Duncan Commission also recomniemlcd that the car- ferry accounting be taken out. of the Railway accounts and be a. charge against the Consolidated Revenue of Canada. This was pret- ty good evidence that the operat- ions, as carried on by the Canadian National R.allwu,vs, were working to the prejudice of Prince Edward Island.

It is well known that when the Canadian National Railways had a monopoly of ferry service, the charges for truck traffic were pro- hibitive, and it was not until a pri- vate ferry operating at Wood Islands competed with a much lower rate, did the Canadian National Rail- wsys reduce its charges. for truck transport. While trucks were mov- ing the products of the farm and factory on the mainland, before tho war. at one-Lhlrd the Railway rate, our producers could not take advantage of this and were com- pelled to ship by rail and may the full rate and asarcsultlost much inter-provincial trade. As the re- presentative of the Government of Canada. the Railway Company would naturally be expected to pro- mote trade rather than retard ft.

The car-ferry service between Borden-and Tormentlns is a part of the Confederation plpt. The ser- vice was to be provided and main- tslned at the expense of the cm-

3>9©K4J0§0O%0O&OO€!

i ii U|d_ (Jiarlotlelown Q lA.nd P. E. I.) @ WARREN FARM Legislative Assembly, May 3. 1854: Mooney read in his place a petition of Daniel Kehoe. of York River, setting forth claims to the ownership of the Fort on Warren Farm. and praying justice to be awarded to him in the premises. “And A motion being made. that the said petition be received and

read, the motion -was riegst.ived— the remedy being elsewhere."

Island, with A definite understand- ing, in black and white, that any arrangements entered info will be lived up to one-hundred per cent. to the satisfaction of this Province. I am, sir, etc.

J. O. I-IYNDMAN Charlottetown, Aipi-il 1, 1950.

VETERAN!’ ALLOWANCES

Sir.-In your issue of March 30th there appeared a letter by Mr. T. J. Kickhsm. M.P.. re pen- sions and allowances to veterans and their failure to olblaln finan- cial benefils provided for under generous Federal acts. because of unsympathetic officials.

Mr. Kickham is deserving of much commendation for his frank and straightforward comment. on this deplorable situation, which

has been common knowledge for over thirty years. but which very few have had the courage to bring to public stteii-lion through the press.

However, it is regrettable that he considered the Minister and Government should be absolved from responsibility for this situ- ation by these remarks! “At this stage. I would not place the blame on the shoulders of the Minister of Veterans Adfairs. nor on the Government, but I would place the blame on! the officers administer- ing the Ac ."

Now Sir, I maintain thst the Minister and Government are re- sponsible because the sdrnlni;ter- ing officers are subservient to the Minister who is familiar with ths situation. yet has allowed it to continue. Therefore he Ind the Government must shoulder the blame.

Furthermore. I never could un- dei-stand why Parliament and vet- erans' organizations have allowed such an undemocratic arrange- ment for adsniniotntion to con- tinue so long. The administrators are for all intents and purposes "absolute". by that I mean that from their decision there is no appeal except. to them. and it would only be natural for them to hesitate to revise their previous decision when requested to com‘ sider subsequent appeals.

Why not an arrangement sim- ilar to the Law Courts? In other words. if the firot tribunal did not render a sstldscloi-y finding. than have another tribunal to which the veteran could sppool.

Certainly there would be no as- sursnce of justice it each Law Court were absolute. Likewise. there will continue to be no ss- sursnce of justice for veterans in the matter of pensions and allow- ances unless. or until there is an appeal tribunal established. and I believe the demand for same should come from veterans’ organ- lutlons. If it does, I am con- vinced. they will receive the sup- port of many others like me.

I am. Sir. otc.. NON-VETERAN.

. Mons IILIGION In one mi census.’ 21.011 can-.

sdlsn Government. As already “um. um um, n“ no ,..u.“,,, stated the Canadian Government mg in 1.“ “,1. "mg" ind sppsrcntlymave no subhorlty to go 191”

‘ ‘ ‘- the ‘ of the '

fsrry, except with the ‘ of the province of Prince Edward Island. and with the assurance that the “sub-contractor" would honor

agreement to Lhe satisfaction of the Province. Tiicrcforc, ’I contend that to negotiate an agreement with the Canadian National Railways as regards ' transportation services would be establishing s prlcodcnt. that might work much the dis. suvsnlsle of our Province in the future.

Any dealings of this kind shoutd

be solely lntwceii the. Canadian _CInv¢rnnwm ‘ma rm-loo wvau

' .

the l.cl'lIi.n of the Confederrion.‘

oourss-rs VISUAL‘ lll}Il'l_IA(fl‘I(iN and ANALYSIS

6. F. nuicnsson 1. son

Optometrists . . 58_._ Grafton V It

ON BAIJLAILDDOWN

I walked alone on Ballard Down Above the purple-tinted sea;

The splendour of Life's mystery Lay on my being like s. crown. And God. the Father. spoke to me On Ballard Down.‘

All who around my life had cast

mvisible strands of power, all things .

That in i..e their imaginlngs

H.:u:l folded. came: the happy past

Streamed through the keen wind‘: bufletings

Here. there I rose; here, there I fell:

I heard God say. “I save to thee Great gifts, great glsdmss; now thou on free

of Love. My best gift;--use it well" This is the word that came to m

on Ballard Down. ,.

:u.u:- -x-:-.- s - oilha -'-:- -z--r '---w

, he Ag-(lid Stry:

QQ3.TC!O.Q"Ct1Z£OQ~.

If than were pure and upright, surely now He would awake for thee and mike the hlblhtion of thy righteousness prosperous.

or amend 1.

‘ ‘ ‘ and every day ,7 \

A beautiful ruin of new plain shades. sin. n... is

~w|th Illa wiles range from- , 3.95 lorry A.“ Muluanll.

V‘ “lath! flesh A Woes;

are" being applied to railway travel in Britain. British railways ex- pect. to be running gas turbine locomotives loward'the end of this year. Construction of this new-type engine is about to be- gin at Manchester. It will gen-‘ crate some 2.500 horse power-and be capable of pulling a train weighing 850 tons at more than 80 mph.—-UK Information Ollflce.

No one will claim, that to be 1. good artist a man must use be I scientist. or even be well educat- ed. There are too many examples of uneducatd men who became fine artists by virlure of their profound human insight and pro- diglous skill. Nor will it be ar- gued that a scientist must perforce ‘be educated in the humanities. But it cannot be denied that an artist. reflects in his art the breadth of his vision. and that he will. be 3 better artist speaking a richer. tongue if he draws on the (rest reservoir of human knowledge for his philosophical orientation and his specific mate- rlll.—New York Herald Tribune.

Shakespeare tragedies are now to be ocfcred to the comic book public. Fli-st appearing this week will be unexpurgatcd and un- iﬂniplifledgseiections from Julius Caesar — 320 brightly colored ac- tion drawings, with the players’ lines emerging from them in the familiar balloons. There will be editions in English. French. Span- ish._'Portuguese, Italian, Chinese, Mflkﬂﬂns. I-febrew. Hindustani and Tagalog. The publisher says that so many orders for Julius Caesar had already been received from schools and educational iron»: that so many as 30 re- prints of the first edition might be necessary. Julius Caesar is to be followed by Homer's Odyssey next autumn and next year there will be Richard III. Hamlet and several other Shskespearian tra- gedies.—Vancouvcr News Herald.

The people who do things in this world are sitters. Parliament. sits. Judges sit. Committees sit. Sittings are held on labor dis- putes. It is s chair-man. not a stsndman who runs (no, that word runs is a bit. off colour- who presides over) meetings. Even editors and kings sit. It is when the court rises. Parliament rises and justice and scientists and philosophers and students and 1 and brr-flies and writers 3 off their elbows, that the constructive. beneficial rwults are ended snd their world's work is suspended. Activity gets one no- where. Consider this earth of ours which has been whlzzing around on its axis throu 7.000 miles’ every 1! hours for God knows how long. and has been running around the sun every year for the. same lanztah or time. And where

Notes B)’ The. Wax

Aircraft Jet engine prlnolplul

has that got it? Why._ until only recently. in fact until Gslllso. everybody gave the sun. not the earth. the credit for all the mews- msnt.-Psterborough Examiner.

ii. u on news um -mama. young boys were responsible for Lsteiillng several crates of can from the trucks or 1 local con-. cern and smashing them against a _wall in a parking lot, the only suitable punishment. I1 police trace down the culprits, is a good spanking in public. This typo ac behavlpur is beyond. the bound. of mischief. It demands mu action-—and if and when than. young hoodlums are apprehended. it is to be hoped they will by dealt with accordingly. 'l'.‘hou flagrant lieu of wanton destruc- tion are increasing to such an ex. tent as to cause the average cltl. zen to lose patience with any at- tempt to "coddle" the cullprils._ Victoria Times.

"Road the great books of English language in your ldgugg time. Particularly to the young, I IIY. do not belts to mad the great books of the language up soon. It is I great pity to you works of great. practical value hurriedly or at an linrnatun per- iod in your development The Enxlish language is a glorious in- heritance which is open to AU, free to all; no barriers obstruct it. no coupons are needed, no u. strlctions are imposed. We must. preserve our language and no it is not unduly damaged by modsn slang and adoption. I was shocked the other day to hear the Chan- cellor ol the Exchequer use the word ‘quantify’: let us be careful about that. Another exp:-eulos that is very common is ‘in short Supply’. Why cs_n‘t you any ‘scarce’? Another ‘-lectloiulblo expression is ‘broken down’. All this means is ‘sitting’ or. If you wish to be more erudite. you may say ‘analyze.’ it. is by being Java; of the English language in :11 ill strength and purity that we Ihsll not only improve and preserve our literature but make ourselves more etfectivs members of that great English-speaking world. on whom, it it is wisely gave:-390,1‘ the future of mankind will lunge- ly rest. it will be from the Engl- lish-svpeaking world that the truest message will be conveyed to the rest of man-kind.”——From 1 speech by Winston Churchill.

PEACE ON LAKES An 1817 ngreornei-it betwseﬂ

Canada and the ‘United states limited war vessels on the anus

Lake: to four--none to exceed 100 tons. . ' For almost in century um

Britain first claimed the Bshsmu in was unable to occupy ch. 1;. lands bocsluss they were held by pirates.

PROFESSIONAL calms

Dr. W. R. Carson

Olslroprutor Palmer Graduate

Phone 1012

Bell & Moflmson IAIIIBTEIS. BOLIOITOIS. lo. I B. BELL. ILL .

D. L MATHIESON. LI. [.0 Attorneys at Low LOANS ON CITY ‘AND IAIII PIOPIITIES

ID Ilohnsond It. Charlottetown. P.llJ ,

A. Wcltlion Gouda. LLB. ’

SOLICITOB. Eu.

Joseph ll. MucMl|l¢n. LLB.“

BAIIISTIR. S0l.I(.‘lTOL;. In ‘[0 Queen soul , PHONE 11! lions: to loan -'

M. Alison Farmer

MONEY ‘I0 LOAN

on. u..n. nuuusrsn. soucrius. nu. oiurmmown. P. I; I.

Gouda & I-lcsur

d L J. IIABLAM. I-A.. LLB. Burl-laser, Ito. . lull 8! Nova sooth Ulnnbsn hrlonolown. l'.l'..I. IIONIY l‘0 LOAN

Mothoson A Pooh

A. W. QIATIIIBON. I1}. I. I. PIAKI. EA. Ll..lI

hrrlssors. ‘ole opuoouous Mon - on Lou I Gnu udorgo sh-on Ohflﬂislm-v

oluiic A. oAUos.1'.I.A., u..n. Isnlnsrts Ind soneiou-.

aqua-«Eu.»-at‘

Chas. R. Mc9uuld

BA.

IAIIIISTER. 80l.l0l'.N)l. NOTAIY. Ills. lulisrn ‘runs izullding

UBABIUPTETOWN Phone "ill

'{_j

Dr. A. L. Maclsaac DENTIST Dental X-nay

GLORIA BUILDING R 1'19 Grafton Sf.

Pbono 201

—:

J. 8. 'l'lY|_.0|I

optometrist _ , Ens oxsmlngl‘, glsuos no-

conm Kent 5' queen: so. Office mum l956—Honu ion

J. A. Mcﬁulgonv

, ivomnv, mo. BAIIBISTER. soimirrols ouluuc. uuulnmo

MocPI|u Ii Trainer I. I. MMPIIE. J.A.. I0. I JOMEILED TBAINOI. I.‘ Barristers. nus. - roombs am. in Queen st

Frederic A. Large. l(.C. IARBIBTEB. QOIJOITTI. NOTAIY , Boys! Bani of Canada Uhllllbﬂll

Charlottetown Pa“

, suoosuor George J. ‘hnsdy. L0.

I

Clo

John P. Nlcllolsoii.”

, |.I..I. ,’ 7 . summon,‘ common;

1 E“ ‘

in mm so. 0I'towI. , most an

H I O QVIICTOO a cumin Is I. lhvo '' sic; _ clisflonnows I

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ouiumul. II. ‘It. poms’: co. ''‘m'‘ Chartered Accountants , lmziy.-‘Q in 0ﬂA i In In w. ills n . 1.‘ ‘-'::..''"''°" .."'‘'‘’.:’I'-.':.: i...- °-".:".Z°'.i-.; — ‘9 "W0 Plsoncsl, ‘lilo -"ll-I1 ‘ ‘on 541 lien. vi. niacin: _ :, onscsssommoosum f . tiling! .ouu.mno- 1' union.‘ . ._ . . {Ella In