crease every year. The same rate would be imposed_Iip0|'I G°°"l°' town; but as to Pi-incetown, as there ‘was Ito}. hi lI0l|°V°‘l- ' h‘‘“‘:' in it, there could be no tax of the lttnd. lhe present tax on I- Pusture Lots w'ae 2d. an acre, and it was not contemplated to iii- ’ With a in upon dwelling-houses, shops and other pro- rty where a sufficient number of acres of land were not attached to II'II'tC whole country would be made to contribute, and with £3 0.00 out of the general revenue, in addition, every individtial woiild in a manner be made to bear a share d‘ the burthen. Owing to their inability to peytbr the ueatto It GNW“ bl’ '7" direct means. parents Hi» thin I-Iv from I¢|°°'- |’-‘rs-0"! '=‘“" t‘ ing theiuselves with any thing bit the true reasons for iluing so, I ' nniiivgly no but thuwaitt of means. At four or in years to age, it was etil they were too young to learn; and. between the ages of six and nine, their labour was required. "1 mine iihipe or other, at home; and so too gpiisriilly lllltly got IE3 education It all. ucstien were free, tiese spo oitiiis won cease to be offered: children would then be sent to school at four or

go in‘ labor at home or on the farms, they would have obtained a u r ' fair share of education. He hoped that before the new system xi.“ 3.“ ban long in operation, it would be oun that it was

' ' . t th 3" ttrhllildn o‘Vhe°rn.l‘I'It‘:ltnIt ttiutlte|iilfe'l:t th.ut they were too uneducated tc.'b‘:° dntrlltcd with I gerneut of their own public ufliiirs.

And he hoped it wonltl then also be seen. that the resources of our

ted their trade with more industry, sltill Ind Illcceu. than

they could do. if they -were ignorant pad illiterate; and, when they “W. "how, they were fit for the society of gentlemen, as had been seen in msity of those who were shipwrecked upon our shores l:ist fall Even, as respected our agricultural pursuits, there was much gen. for talent and science; and, when the sons of our farmers aliouPl.d have extended to them the benefits of a good education, their nggmirm would doubtless be directed to the study of agricultural cm’, and the consequences would, he hoped. Null "01 only 30 the iudivuluiil comfort and respectability of those who were engaged in agricultral pursuits, but iin art a steady Impetus to every other industrial or scientific source o prospeiit in the Colony. General education would he the certain source 0 general improvr-ment: the want of it would keep the people in the helpless, hampered con- ,m',,,,, in which mo many of them were held at present, if it did not positively increase their difficulties. The resent Government had already effected a reduction in the debt oft e Colony to the amount org" ooo; and, if in three yesrs,—tlie period for which it was iii- indnd ihe new system of education should be established by law,—- Iu public debt should, through the support given to the free educa- ieu scheme, be again increased as much, as it had lately been Iivuiiiislied, that could atfifld no just grounds for general dissatisfac- on so greatly would the benefit have overbalanced the evil. But ha possibility of such it retrogressioii was not ndiiiittcd by him: the at state of our financial affairs, and the fair prospect of their urtlter improvement, particularly through at successful ne ociatioii

--rs.-2:

"3... ., in the event of a fai are, (which, however, he did not mink’ ‘ ble,) with respect to th:it'object, through the protection of o," ring, according to the letter und.spirit ofthe treaty, and our own extensive and successful prosecution of t em. ‘he on. member for Belfast (Mr. Dousg) had said, that the salaries, which it

enable them to live with any degree of comfort and respectability. He (Mr. Coles) would admit that they would not enable them to Iiyo in the same abundance and indulgence, in wliic be (Mr. Dunn) no doubt, believed, it became the agent of the Earl ofSel- kirk to live; but he could assure th:it hon. member, that he had the best reasons—ii onled from information received from many respec- table teachers the-rnselves—for asserting that the salaries, which it wnn intgndotl eclioolmasters should be paid out of the pulilic Tren- ..,.!_ wont,‘ be ghukfnlly received by t em; and, even were their qnouats still less than it was intended they sh -uld be, they (the nghonlrnuieys) would think a very great boon liatl been cuiifcrred upon them in having their uncertain and precarious depeiitlence upon their subseribers converted into ii certainty, although for it nrnsllnr amount of stipend than they now frequently engage l'or. The hen. rueniber then concluded by giving the subjoined tlulall of the annual expense of his scheme: 80 Melton, at £45 each per aiinuin, - - 30 highest class Teachers, at £50 per aununv, - - Extra allowance for pupils in the igber IIffllCI’|CI‘IIltI the learned lsnguages—on an average. say 10 in each

- £3,600 i,5oo

. ‘| I50 so Fouls TI2‘cII'::.PIutF.|£3|:‘ “tun, - - 600 1 atiutm for Charlottetown. -1 1375 mi. in scum. 150 2 Aaeidanti for do., at £45 each. - ’ ‘ 9° 2 Female Teachers for Charlottetown, at £10 each, 80 2 ’ do. or £80 each, 80 I Master for Georgetown, at £10. - ' ' 7° 1 Female Teacher for do-. It -535i ' ' , ' 35 1 do., or Charlottetown, for the higher branches. £50. - - - - - 5° Printsrv Teachers. - - ' ' ' 20° 1 School Visitor, - - - ' ' ' "0 __. r , '1 ti 1--inn - - - - 6-785 1 Aid allowing for 50 additional schools, as Piers at £43 each. per snnuni, - - - 1.900 IO uuiale Teachers at .630, - - - - -332 171'.»-. - - 8-895 with en1licou°t".f.'5 each, to 20 Districts, in aid of building school-honses, - ' ' ' ' 100 Tomi’ _ - 9,985

To meet which expenditure, the hon. member said, there would Ii npwnrdg of £9,000, to be raised as he had previously stated. reason, he further observed, for proposing hi her salaries to the ranchers for Charlottetown were, that house-rant, fuel and pro- visions, were dearer in the town than In the country. lIe also ex- plained that the extra allowance, proposed to be made for pupils wh i might study the higher branches of education, was meant to operate for the benefit of such young men as slioulil be ambitions of gnnndiiig their sphere of knowledge beyond the limits of what was snnqrnlly termed common-school education. by iualting it for the interest of teachers to encourage such laudable ambition among their pupils.

VI/s:nivs:soAv 18th. MORNING SI'l"I‘ING.

Numerous petitions were presented on a variety of subjects, which were received and read. Some of them were ordered to be laid on the table; others were referred to the Committees appointed to re- port on the difl'or»nt matters to which they relat .

On the Hon. Mr. P.)l’E‘S presenting one from Tryon, numerous- ly signed. he begged to observe. he presented it with extreme re- 8,.,,' -,,, pm”, 5,," in nppiisiiion to the laudable plan of giving to the rising generation the blaming of a sound edncitinn, at a mire trifling expense to their parents. As be before stated, on a similar nccngign, fig did nordnubt but some person or persoiis, having some unworthy design in view. had-preju.liced.the minds of the people in that part of the Island byniisrepresentatien. Hitherto he had not been successful in discovering the author of the nefarious proceed- in ; but did not despair of yet being able to do so.

on. Mr. Cl)l.l-‘.S said the petitioners were completely in error as to the amount of tax intendel in be imposed. The tax would be moral nominal, when compared with the advantages to be derived from t. It was eim y no extra four illings and two-pence on He doubted not that. if the iiintter had been properly explain-id to the petitioners, every one of them would have attached his name in favour of free ednc_stiun.

Sectrrr or silk! Cita.is1'iaiss.

Hr. PIASBR, es-Cbuirinsn of the Committee on Private Bills, to whom lied been referred a Bill to incorporate the Society of Bible (fiirhluus, ed in its fbver; and recoivirnendeil that the usual The Report was signed to. on. r. C0l.l’.'S, the Bill to incorporate the gnw Bible Christians was read a second time, and then sub. rnh ‘to a Committee of the whole House. The Bill was subse- qnoiialy reported, agreed to without any amendment eudgordersd to

in nngressel Scisooi. Visi-I-ovts' Rlroufs. . ,'I'ba Hen. Mr. COLES having resented the Report of the School 75... an King's Cosntr, iaov the It poiinmsni of ii Committee . Iocoiidsuse the Reports of the School isitors, with a view to their

T: was agreed to, and a Committee appointed secon-

.' | , , “T, . Sana or Ciiowir Lures. Hr. FRASER, us Chsiriltrivi of the Special Ceinvuittee a mod ' the lbtere wianugeivieatef the is of a report, which was read. The House tbsruilii-Mr. MOONEY lathe Clia'v. “ehn bu. ' ‘kldu _ h . ‘h lb-ltd, e. same spot ceuiuuttes. % upiiisp-qr-.o-A -ins Jwlldfiidban to “Ii ii I ‘ !.ivI.‘).I,"" I

live veers of age; and. by the time they were strong enough to lie of

ople by the enemies of

with the Uuited States for reciprocal free trade, based on t e abro- giitiou or relaxation of the treat of l8l8,'wiih respect to our fish.

wss contemplated to allow scheblinristors, were quite insufficient to

CAI! aivb Maxis-rniuirccsi or LUNATICI.

A Bill passed by the Legislative Council, entitled " A_Bill to provide for the future care and iiiuiiiteiiniico of Lunatics, Idiots and

is f unsound iiiiiid," came down from the Council b mes- sage, which the concurrence of the House was destr . in motion ofthe Iloii. Mr. Uolcs, the Bill was read a first time, audits second reading ordered for to-morrow.

El_1é>.‘—°-*§3Iif">:‘%_53.1?>.E°§5F+é>4'5£3;i1°?LF.i§_ifi§.‘5T@¥3

-rnuasnair, FEBRUARY. 26,1852.

Tire prerogative of extending mercy and forgiveness to the unfortunate victims of the law, is justly consider- ed one of the most precious attributes of sovcreigiit, , in the words of the poet, “ Becomes the monarch better than his crown,” and for this very reason, requires the greatest caution and discriinination in its exercise. It is at all times in derogation of, and opposed to justice; but as justice may eoinetiines, in following the strict path of its duty, trench so near upon flint of injustice, it is absolutely necessary that there should exist ti power somewhere of mitigation or remission.

It should, however, ncyer be lost sight of, that in the arbitrary or unnecessary use of the privilege of pardon- ing, it may, and too often does happen, that greater evils are inflicted, than those professed to be cured; and it has been well reltlllrltetl, that mercy extended to the guilty may often prove to be the infliction of punish- ment upon the innocent. The legitimate object of punishment is not so much the reformation ofthe offen-

cr as the prevention of like offences; but flow is this to be effected, if when those to whom the law has given the power of adjudication, find that though they have acted in strict accordance with their duty, the criminal who has been justly sentenced is permitted, utter a few days, to re-enter the bosom of‘society, nssoilcd of guilt, and the reproach transferred from his shoulders to that ofthe judge who tried him. And that this must necessarily be the consequence, is self-evident. Either he punishment awarded has been commensurate with the magnitude of the offence, or it has not. If the former be the case, the condonation of the offence or mitigation of the punishment is an improper and unjust exorcise ofthe prerogative; and if the latter, it conveys the kcenest and most cutting censure ofthe conduct of the magistrate. And as the public have it right to con- clude, thnt no criminal justly sentenced would be con- sidered it fit object of mercy, it must therefore follow, that those who inflictcd the punishment have been to

E ‘3

These cflections have been elicited from us on hearing that Robert Hutchinson, Esq., had tendered his resignation of his office ofJusticc of the Peace for Queen's County, and that it had been accepted.

The circumstances that induced Mr. Hutchinson to take this so decisive step, are said to be briefly these: A woman oftlio name of Barry, was summoned by Mr. Hutchinson to answer to II. cliargc of assault. A trial took place before him and Theopliilus Dcsbrisny, Esq., when the defendant was convicted and sentenced to pay it fine of 303., or stiffer two months’ imprison- ment The fine was not paid, and after the lapse of!) days, Mr. Ilutcliiiison issued his warrant, and the woman Barry was lodged in jail. An application hav- ing been made on the behalf of the prisoner to llis Excclleiicy the Lieut. Governor, the matter was sub- mitted to Mr. Hutchiiisoii forliis report, who, in answer stated, that there were no extenuating circumstances connected with the assault; yet inasmuch as the defen- dunt was a woman, with two or three small helpless chil- dren who would suffer more than the mother, he thottg.ht it might be advisable to shorten the duration of impri- sonment o c-half. Tlieét. Governor coinciding in opinion, it or to this effec ted the ‘2d of February. This, however, di no satisfy Mrs’. Barry or her friends, and the Lieut. Governor was pre- vuilcd upon to order her to be discharged before the month was ended, I8tli Feb., and that too without Mr. Hutchinson being consulted, or any word of explana- tion afforded for this additioiial and somewhat uncon- stitutional interference. VVc regret this the more, because we cannot but think, that llis Excellency has been misled or has suffered himself to bc ovci-pcrsitntl- ed in the matter, for we will not suppose that he would willingly deprive the Town ofthe services of so active, energetic and determined 11 magistrate as Mr. lIiit- cliinson has proved himself to be, whose sccc.s,sioii' creates a vacancy that will not easily be so satisfac- torily fillcd up. There are those who think that the power of the Executive is in this respect boiiiidlcss, and legally speaking, so it is; but in this, as in all other cases where the law or the constitution gives discre- tionary power, it presumes, that it will be ttsed with 9. sound, legal and constitutional discretion; and not in an arbitrary manner at the more whim of the moment, or to gratify the feelings of individttttls; and hence we think we are right in laying it down as an axiom.-That the crown cannot constitutionally extend its mercy to cases where the punishment is according to law, unless it can be shown, that by withholding it, a greater measure will be suffered than originally contemplated, as in the case of 11 person of tender frame or constitu- tion, if in the opinion of medical men, imprisonment would endanger life or be productive of some ulterior disease; then, iiitleed, the Crown or its R.G[ll‘CSeIlltll.lV0 would be justified in remitting or commuting the pun- ishment, In all cases, the grounds and reasons for in- tervcntion should be given, so that the public might. be enabled to see that rights of public justice had not been compromised, and that the arms of its ministers had not been rendered nervoless, in consequence of their decisions being made the objects of contempt, and their sentences being causclcssly set aside.

The Reporter of the Legislative Council has furnished as with a report of the proceedings of that body, but as we are hard pressed for room, we are unable to publish it.

The Election at Georgetown, terminated Tuesda evening, when Mr. M‘Anlay was duly returned; the votes at the c use of the l’oll, were as follows :-

M'Aulay - - 76 Byrae, - - - 60 Majority 18

Swe are requested to give insersion to the following letters to smrs Yen, Esq., referring to assertions made by that Gen- tleman in the Debates in the Assembly.)

Lot I3, 6th February, I852.

Dun Sis;

In perusing the debates in the House of Assembly, published in llssssrd‘s Gazette, of the ih of last month, I perceived where Mr. Wsrburton "had stated that you boil demanded from the Teiisnls of Sir George So moor, on bls Township, Brltsli Sterling money in payment o Rent. I must stile that I have been a Tenant on the said Estate for the lsstjlirhteen years and I never ti-.srd of rt! such dot and having been made upon any of tie Tens-its; neither do I believe that ven ever did, er had any intention of doing so since you had ths Agency.

I rennin, yonri, Ito. ALEXANDER RAISAY. Ts Jsiasslso, ,Ilsq., M.P.r., cimtotistsirii. -

O . Norriiiii, Low 13, February 7, 1859. ‘ Sis; In ‘reference to the steteineet uta'de by Mr. Wsrburtsu, at a Public Meeting held at Grand River on the evening of the Sled Mash last, I cannot help exprussiu uty unqualified surprise, that he could either lisve denied or gotten it. rsinssnber not only the statement, but the oeessioii which ca d it forth. James Crsswell, Esquire, of Lot 13, in ad- dressing the Meptinu urged, that ‘lD.'t¢Il Rupottsibtt Govern- ment should be established, I-‘rec Lands were sun to follow. On which you, Sir, observed: " That such an Act irii tit pes- “ sibly pass iiulis House ot'Asseruhly here; but wou d it cli- " tsjn the Royal Assent?" Upon which Mr. Warburton sf- firnied, “ That the Royal Assent would not then be required: “ that as soon as Responsible Government should be establish- “ ed, any Act passed by the House ‘of ssembly of “ this Island, would not require, as fornierl :10 be “ sent Home for the Royal Assent.” You said iirt 5. " Mr. " Wsrburton, that would not be Responsible Government, but “ ladspsndenee of the Mother Country." sin aware that Mr. Warburton‘s statement was, if not fully credited, at least very much talked of. With party Politics Idesir‘e to concern myself as little as may, but truth is truth, and I conceive yoti have a right to ex- pcct this declaration of it, to malie what use ofit you please, and wliicb can be amply verified upon oath. Sir, Your most obedient servant.

J.Yeo, Esq., M. P. P. NEIL MACLEAN.

(Co V.) Govruuiisisr House. I’. E. lsntso. ( 0. 37-) September 19, 1851. MY LORD,-—

l. I have the honor to enclose for your Lordsbip's perusal the Documents marked I and 9, the latter accompanied by pap- ers A., 8., C. and D. [regret having to trouble your Lordshi on the subject to which they refer, but I do so in the fulfilment of a promise I made to the Assam , by Message, during the protracted discussion which took place between that Branch of the Le islature and me, when, in accordance with my instruc- tions, was endeavnring to arrange the revisions in the Civil List Bill which your Lordship considere imlispensable before the‘ new System of Government was to be conceded to this Co on .

2. no of these provisions was to be a sum of £200 Currency, to be paid annually to the late Colonial Secretary, whose length of service, your Lordship thought, entitled him to re- muneration; an in ' u ions were peremptory, that such must be granted before ller M.ijcsty’s Revenues be surrendered to the Colony.

3. The Assembly objected to these remunerations, and with great perlinzicity; stating, among other reasons in regard to Mr. Ilavilaiivl, that ho had appropriated to his own use certain Fees which he was not entitled to, and tlial an investigation was then pending, by a Committee of the House, appointed for that

r use

-ti, I answered, that until the accusations against Mr. Havi- land were proved, I could not entertain them and must abide by my instructions ; but if the late Colonial Secretary had appropriated any sum or sums of money, illegally, to his own use, they must be refunded, and with that view, I would, on being furnished with the proper information. refer the whole ruse fo_s--your Lord<hip’s decision, and on this assurance, the discussion on Mr. lIavilantl’s case terminated ; and with a like rem -aeration to the late Attorney Guioral, the Civil List Bill passed.

5. At the conclusion of the Session, the Assembly moved an Address to me and sent me the report of the Committee to which I have alluded. I fnrnislied Copies of these Documents, No. I, to Mr. llaviland, o:i the 27th ult. I received that gt-.ntleman’s answer. No. 2.

0. Under these circumstances, I have to request that your Loirlsliip will favor me with your instructions. There is no such Ufficial in this Colony as Private Secretary, and the state- ments about the practice of former ones are so conflicting and confused thstl am induced to ask for the weight of your Lord- sliip's authorhy. Ttiere appears to me. on perusing the Docu- merits, in be a remedy for obtaining Justice to the accuser and accused-is this case. re vet such a one should have arisen to Ifouble your Lordship, but your decision cannot fail to prove more satisfactory than any of mine.

have, &.c.,

qsignetl.) A. BANNEIHLIAN. The Rigli lion. Earl Grey, &c. arc. [No. 3?] Dsw.ti.so9it-I:-i‘.'r, Slat November, 1851.

iii.-

I have to acknowledge your Despstcli. No 37, of September 19th last, iinclosing a Report ofa Committee of the House of Assembly of rincs Edward sland, on the siihjet-t of cortiin ,, Ily taken by Mr. Ilaviland as

‘tied by you for my decision to b'., whether or not the poi which has been awarded to Mr. llavilanxl und.-r the Civil Lis I e made subject to any deduction on account of these illegally taken.

' must observe that the questioi at ist-ie is one, ‘which would have been m ire propaily submitted for the decision of the Counts of Law, than that of the Secretary of State ; since both the Committee and Mr. llaviland r.-st their respective claims on the law of the Island, as contained in its Statutes interpreted by usage, and it is for the Courts. not the Secretary of State, to determine whether or not certain Foes have been illegally taken.