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DECEMBER 8.

Membe PAGE 4 TUESDAY.

To Be Reconsidered

It is now being predicted that the contmversial Railway Bill will die with the current session of Far- liament, that it will not be resur- rected in its present form, and that a new bill will contain important changes made in the light of criti- cisms already launched. If this be true, then there is hope that the protests which the Maritimes Transportation Commission is mak- ing against further erosion of the benefits provided under the Mari- time. Freight Rates Act will get con- sideration.

The delayed order of business in the House of Commons has given the opportunity to meet some of the valid objections by altering the leg- islation. Other changes may come after representations made in the committee of railways, canals and telegraph lines where the bill will eventually get detailed examination. Transport Minister Pickersgill has opened the door to this course by making it plain that he expects to make amendments to the bill after hearing further representations.

According to an Ottawa cor- respondent of the Financial Times, the bill‘s basic principles. embodied first in the )IacPherson report on transportation, will remain. But further study is expected to be giv- en to the operation of these prin- ciples. The representations and crit- icisms have already fallen into five broad categories.

These Comprise plans for ration- alization and abandonment of branch lines, and the question of whether sufficient power is vest- ed in the new authority for this purpose; the maximum rate form- ula, which is regarded as being too complicated: the Crows Nest Pass rates, which it is probable the Gov- ernment will stand behind despite opposition: the inclusion of safe- guards to protect railway workers against automation; an d Maritime protests on the ground that nothing in the present bill is designed to solve their particular transportation problems.

In the circumstances, it is just as well that this important legisla- tion be held over until it gets a

Amore thorough public airing. It is

said to represent three years’ work under both party governments, but there are a good many gaps in it yet. Mr. Pickersgill is well advis- ed to make haste slowly in putting it through. In the meantime, it is to be hoped that our Maritime spokesmen will take full advantage of the delay by pressing our claims convincingly.

New Ethics Code

Prime Minister Pearson has tak-

en the unusual course of drafting a

letter to his cabinet colleagues,

setting out a code of ethics and

morali that should be followed by

them ,‘n the performance of their

duties. The letter represents Mr.

Pearson’s reaction to recent events

in the Commons, when charges of

‘ bribery. and coercion in high places led to the establishment, at Op-

position insistence, of a special

judicial inquiry. The Prime Min-

ister emphasized that he was not

prpjudging this inquiry, and still

‘ believed there should be a “a mora- torium on comment" concerning the

1964.

‘7 [He added, however, that the dis.

euulon in Parliament had raised ' doubts and uncertainty that could . I be allowbd to remain even while

"I a

Meanwhile Mr. T. C. Douglas. New Democratic Party leader who was foremost in demanding the full inquiry which has now been launch- ed, did some moralizing himself at a press conference the other day. on the same theme. He said no par- ticular race or religion should be blamed in these alleged scandals. No party could ever be free from some form of scandal. But, he add- ed, there were two ways of handling it. “Either surgery is required, or you can sweep it under the rug. The latter solution is something that can be kept from the public eye only so long. It has to come up sooner or later."

There is food for thought in both these commentaries, and it is to be hoped they will be given the prayer- ful consideration they deserve.

One point made in Mr. Pearson’s letter deals with a more general source of complaint—that of party patronage. It is expected to lead to a rigorous search in each depart.- ment of matters which up to now have been considered routine. Many questions have been placed on the order paper this session by Oppos- ition members implying the use of patronage in the appointment of- in- dividuals and the awarding of gov- ernment business.

The Pearson letter. it is said, gives solid backing to younger Lib- erals who came into office in 1963 determined to stamp out the vestige of patronage. Attempts had been made during the last Conservative administration to rid some federal departments of the stigma of “jobs for the boys,” but it has been the impression that the reform was not proceeding quickly enough. If the new ethics code proves effective in this regard, it will have achieved something worth while.

Mr. Gordon In Clover

The provincial treasurers. and Finance Minister Gordon are meet- ing in Ottawa this week to assess economic trends before working out their 1965 budgets. Few of them will be in Mr Gordon’s happy pos- ition of having in prospect a boun— cing surplus instead of a dragging deficit. A monthly statement re- leased last week showed that fed- eral budgetary revenue had leaped ahead by $655 million during the first seven months of the 1964-65 fiscal year. While there was a budgetary deficit of over $128 mil- lion indicated at this point last year, there is now a surplus of $451 mil- lion. '

This suggests that, for the first time since the Liberals took office, Mr. Gordon will find a tax reduc- tion program financially feasible. And it could be feasible politically as well. Pressures from business and industry to reduce taxes are strong.

Only last week, President A. T. Lambert of the Toronto-Dominion Bank called on the federal govern- ment to reduce taxes. He discount- ed suggestions that such a course would lead to inflation and assert- ed, on the contrary, that tax cuts would “help to finance desirable in- creases in production capacity.”

But if tax cuts are to make economic sense, and if they are not to defeat their pain purpose, the rest of the government's policies must be geared into the fiscal in- centives. This is the problem Mr. Gordon may be studying now—hop- ing, perhaps, to get. the reaction of the provinces at the conference now under way. In any case. he has m- diicated that he will introduce his budget earlier than usual this year—possibly in March.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The present session of the House of Commons is becoming known as the “long Parliament,” for it has sat and squabbled longer than any in Canadian history. Which recalls,

,says the Vancouver Province, that

there was a “long Parliament" in English history that was finally told: “You have sat here too long. In the name of God, G0!"

‘ * ii

if has been a popular sport among some Conservatives, says an exchange, to shout as frequently as possible at the government benches the taunt "same old gang.” Noth- ing, in fact, could be less accurate. The old gang, if that is a decent way to refer to men like the late C. D. Howe, at. least looked highly professional in their handling of

g0vernment. The burden of the present administration is that It not.

mu 3%»:

9‘

b

POLITICAL GREY CUP DAY

OTTAWA REPORT By Patrick Nicholson Two New Accounts Of The Suez Crisis

"How I won a Nobel Peace ‘ Documents are often still class- lchallenge of the Suez Crisis be-

Prize" might be the descriptive title of "Crisis — the Story of the Suez Conspiracy", by the well-known Toronto au- thor Terence Robertson (McCle- land and Stewart. $7.50'.

This book outlines the build- up In the Suez crisis of 1956. Thcn in great detail it describES the h n ur l y developments be- tween the Anglo-French assault on the Canal Zone on 3lst Octo- ber. and the arrival of the first contingent of the specially~creat- ed United Nations Emergency Force on 14th November.

The significant part played by Canada's then Foreign Minister. Lester Bowles Pearson, in bring- in: hostilities to a close is em- phasized and detailed. The book

... :t 2. a. m

is modestly — as one would ex- pect from Mike Pearson — not written autobiography.

Bill the material in this major section. says the been substantiated primarily by Prime Minister Pearson, and by his close friends and collea- gues in Canada's diplomatic service, Norman Robertson and Arnold Heeney. These two hap- pened to be, at the time con- cerned. Canada's top diplomatic representatives in two key capi- tals. London and Washington.

The author explains that writ- ers of contemporary history are handicapped by the confidential nature of their source material.

PUBLIC FORUM

This column Ia open to the discussion on: n

n doel not neces- aarlly endorse the opinion

pondcnts. All lettera published are Iulr

1; any cnrrreapondence regard- lellera anbmmed.

POLITICAL ISSUES Slr,——-_ In a period of five years Premier Shaw reorganized the Conservative Party, disorganiz- ed the Liberals, led his party to victory in two provincial elec» tions, and began a program of economic expansion and devel— opment. The Premier endorses deficit financing: Mr. Matheson is concerned, and pointed out to the government that a small province with limited industry cannot continue to spend our grandchildren's money. Whalevcr will be the results lhe Conservatives are trying to provide employment for Island. people: and the assistance or Mr. Matheson should be solicit- ed in presenting our financial in- terests at Ottawa. Conservatives inherited many weak links in our econ- omy when they replaced 'a party that held office for more than 20

years.

According to ARDA, P.E.l. has more low income farm fam- ilies than any province in Can- ada. Our average weekly wage and salary is the lowest in Can- ada: our provincial Labor Act requires immediate amending. It should not be necessary to

bring our Labor Act and wages,

to the attention of a government that lives in the area.

Liquor Act divorces P.E.I. from the other provinces of Canada. We have plenty of sources from whichito purchase liquor besides the liquor stores: Would it not be more profitable for the Government to sponsor taverns instead of selling liquor in their stores that la retailed from numerous sources. Does Premier Shaw take the position that the Liquor Acts in the other provinces are wrong, that we are right, and that the average individual is not entitled to a glass of beer, to be purchased legally? The so—called elite have liquor in their hotels and motels. is the. average tourist not on titled to the same privilege? la the average voter not entitled

to it as well?

I am, Sir. etc.

RD MURPHY

Charlotetown.

author, has .

ified. and will remain sealed in , ‘the archives until some years : hence. when the passage of time 1 has disinfected them. The facts I can only be gathered through conversations with actors whof are obliged to say “Don't quote ,' me". or with observers whose 1 :names are often meaningless.

l In spite of this inevitable han-

ldicap. Terence Robertson has , ; produced a racy detailed and no I gdoubt entirely accurate picture

lot the “strange unprecedented! {war fought under a political dl-

lrective whlch said ‘Thou shaltl not kill'." He accurately por- I jtrays the reactions in Ottawa, ‘ 'where Prime Minister St. Lau- 3 rent made his speech criticizing i “the supermen of Europe .which infuriated Anglophils and Francophils alike, and was des- . tined to boomerang damagineg I on his head in the Canadian el- l ection seven months later.

. At the crunch of the crisis ; Mike Pearson devised, and sold I! at the United Nations. the form- ula which led to the creation of : lthe United Nations Emergency:I . Force. This was the turning I point. permitting the attack byI 1Britain and France —— and byl i Israel —- to be terminated, and i .its objectives ostensibly achiev- I‘ ,ed by other means while faces I l were saved all round. I l “The sum of Pearson's success ' was immense." And Mr. Robert- son concludes “The legacy of Lester Pearson's response to the

There is a lot of truth in a claim by the head of the Cen- tral Mortgage and Housing Cor- poration that Canadians a re apathetic about the construction of public housing for the na- tion‘s lower income groups.

. Hignetl, CMHC presi- dent, told a senate committee the other day that other coun- tries, notably in Europe. are far ahead of Canada in this fleld.

This was well demonstrated in 1961 when Canadians paid out less than 10 cents per capita in subsidies for public housing. By contrast, Americans paid abou 80 cents and the British a re!- spectable $3.15.

As a1 matter of interest, in that same year, it cost Canadians $2.20 per capita for butter subsi-

r.

MUNICIPAL RESPONSIBILITY The National Housing Act pro- vides for the construction a n d operation of public housing in Canada, but the initiative must come from the municipalities. The latter have seen fit to pro- duce only 8,000 subsidized dwell- ing units in 14 years—when the need for many thousands more is obvious in communities of every size across the country. There is all too much truth In Mr. ngnett'a suggution that

vated by Dulles' backing

most Canadians are agreeable To Pick

We have become so used to the wonders of natural science that, like the simple stuff by- gone parables. they lead to metaphor as much as to amaze- ment

Take that Mariner on the way to the vicinity of Mars, trying to be like Coleridge'a earlier Mar- lner— "the first that ever bunt —Into that client aea."

Everyone needs a star to steer

by. no one alwaya plcka me right star. Indeed, when Marin- er 'a ph 0c c a a n a o r

seemed aed about which celestial body to choose, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory stated:

. "It was expected that the star acquisition would

a planned to provide a capability

to order the apacecralt to re- new in aearch for the star."

comes more perceptible every year: the era of cease-fire among nations."

While Mr. Pearson's activit- ies are mentioned on 131 of the 337 pages of this book, we find that he is only mentioned on 8 of the 512 pages of “Dulles over Suez". another recently-publish- ed book dealing with the same subject by Herman Finer, pro- fessor of political science at the University of Chicago.

Dr. Finer’s book, likewise baa- ed on extensive intervlewa, re- fers to Pearson's “extremely important part in the final stages of the crisis." But whereas the Canadian book aims to describe Mr. Pearson’s role as hero, U.S. book reasonably stresses

i the villain's role of John Foster IDulles, Foreign Secretary Us A

The gem of the crisis, It will be recalled, lay in Dulles’ re- scinding of the U.S. offer of fl- nanclal aid to Egypt to build the high Aswan dam. That was on July 19. 1956; exactly one week later, Egypt's president Nasser zed the canal. This touched off the crisis, which was aggra- and four

a: CB

filling over the next

months — an undiplomatic black

e on Washington's record

pa which ruptured Anglo-U.S.A. re- lations.

infuriated the French, and sowed the seed of the p - sent disarray in NATO.

Public Housing Reaction

Hamilton Spectator

to public housing, so long as it isn‘t near their homes. It is this attitude — the fear of the so- called stigma of subsidized houn- ing spilling over onto neighbor- ing prOpei-ties, lowering values and bringing deterioration—that has kept municipal corporations somewhat wary of going into public housing on a large scale.

In the past, this fear has been understandable—if not altogeth- er acceptable—because housing for lower income groups has concerned itself more with quantity than quality. All too of- ten the result has been a struc- ture more in keeping with an army barracks than a home.

CHANGING

Fortunately, this is gradually changing. Toronto. Vancouver. Windsor, Halifax and St. John’s, Nfld., all have built public hous- ing that blends gracefully with its neighbors and have gone far towards eraslng the stigma of subsidized dwellings.

It has long been recognized that good homing is one of the more important weapons against social evils. Public housing must, of necessity. be low-cost accommodation— but there isn't one good reason in the world why it should be mb- atandard or ugly.

A Star

CtrIsthnSclonceManltor

The acientlvta think of every- thing. If only we all had aome- one to heed ua properly to Can- opus when we stray toward, say,

Betelgeuae.

The fault is not in our atarl. but in ourselves. Unless. oerluns as another Shakespearean char- acter laid, “a star danc'd." That la a hard atar to follow

But whether we follow a con- atant. star or one that movea with the times, we re- fluae to accept even benevolent manipulation with good grace that Mariner 4 la appar- ently showing so far. We know that union amethlng within ua zeta back on the track, aome-' thing outside us can eat in gr» ing in the wrong direction. ,

AMERICAN ABROAD

More than 000m U.S. tour- uu visited anth- no; u $115,000,000.

symptoms usually return.

of' tions, a booster is given within

Tired Muscles

A Nerve Disorder

By Dr. odoae 1.. Van Deuen

Myasthenia grip is is a ner- vous disorder in which the mus- cles tire quickly The trouble centera about, a complicated c emica process involving ace- thylcholine, which is formed where the nerve endings stimu- late the muscles. The supply of this chemical is unlimited in the normal person. but not in those with MG

These individuals have nor- mal muscles but, after a short period of activity, some become so fatigued they no longer can contract. Strength returns with rest but the cycle repeats itself The victim may be able to keen his eyelids open in the morning but is less and less able to do so as the day progresses. As a result, many walk about with drooping lids and a sleepy ap- pearance. '

When the muscles of the throat are involved, the afflict- ed person may not be able to finish a meal because the swal- lowing mechanism refuses to function' and choking ensues. The vocal cords my give on while talking, and when breath- ing is affected the condition be- comes serious. Weakness of the muscles of the legs and arms makes it difficult to walk or use the hands.

But not all are incapacitated. Some have difficulty only with the eyes or with smaller groups of muscles. Now and then the disease disappears for a ion time after undergoing treatment Cure has not occurred because

a-v

Remedies are available to bring about temporary relief of muscle weakness. The most use- ful are neostigmine, pyridoszi- gmine, and related compounds. There appears to be a relation- ship between abnormalities of the thymus gland and myasthe- nia gravis. This is especially true in women and marked im- provement has followed remov- al of this gland.

RIGID SPINE R P. writes: What is p o k er

spine? REPLY An arthritic condition (rheu- matoid spondyliti5l encounter- ed usually by young men. In time, the spine becomes as rigid as a poker.

BIG JOB J. G writes: Would electroly- sis be successful in a man with a heavy beard? REPLY Yes, provided he is “well heel- ed" and has the patience to un- dergo the months of treatment required to destroy each hair root. Only a relatively small number of hairs can be remov- ed at one sitting. LOCKJAW PREVENTIVE Mrs. S.L. writes: How long does immunity to tetanus last after two injections, the second six weeks after the first? LY