1 losses, can be prevented by using

JUNEl1o, 1953 ,, . - -

r?'-"f

Agricultural News P. E. I. Department of Agriculture GRASS BILAGI

The carotene (vitamin A value) of the crop is preserved more ef- ficiently in properly made silage.

Coarse, stemmy, or weedy crops which make poor hay may he used with less waste and will usually make better feed as silage. This does not mean silage made from these crops will be as good as that made from good quality crops.

Grass Silage Disadvantages

While grass silage could replace

arable interest has. been in the cutting. preserva- d nomgc of grass silage. he first of two articles in. the subject. t years much has been I." '"f,'.',..... grass siialle. Vary "Hm".-.: definitely known about l.lilc uI.l-1gp under P. E. I. condi- llmss 51,; February of 1953 a com- """s'F of two was appointed by mmepnminion-Provincial Agricul- lhe ncll to make a survey of

(fonsld shown no 3"

Mal (ml operations in the all the hay in a ration, cows relish N355 smiled nner studying the some dry roughage and will coli- Prmuw Illlrcsttni 2: report which sume more total dry matter if lliN'iil”l" I hay is fed with the silage. l"ll”l"'.. m is becoming more Livestock depend largely on sun- Wl ”"lw1 0;, prime Edward cured hay for the vitamin D in '1-' ll in-O.b en mar Gum” wnh winter. Unless hay is fed vitamin island ”l,”'l,,re ,,... mougn. or D should be added to the ration. "V-' Mm: . happening a few Grass silage though higher iii su-ll iN'”'l.:.(, (1,, not him; 3 protein. is lower in total digest- ””i ”"i' m..,,.,. spring thaw and ible nutrients tT.D.N.) or energy "um mm min washes soil off value than good, well earned corn

slopes wearing down silage and will require additional

1 WM,-e,graln to maintain production. How- mm n-,.iever. the protein content, which is mousandglusually the most expensive com-

PlI'i'.l the ii. p . H. (nu lncilcs Ul 10D '5'” W ..,.0,,, the top soil

an hllilt up OW?”

l barns.

In locating a trench silo the first consideration is finding a place that will give adequate drainage. This often results in the silo being some distance from the barn.

It is with the latter two types that we are mostly concerned and to which the following recom- mendations are mainly directed: i

Location ' 1

Good drainage is very important for trench silos. The bottom of the trench should be sloping out- wards with free drainage from the mouth of the silo. A side hill is most convenient.

The silo should also be located as near to the barn as possible for obvious reasons. If the silo is placed against the foundation of an underground barn the great pressure of the grass against the Wall may Cave it in unless extra reinforcement is provided. Also a straight wall makes it difficult to tramp the silage. Having an open and of the silo against the barn floor should prove satisfactory.

Size And Dimensions

The size will depend upon the number of cattle to be fed or the amount of grass to be ensiled. One cubic foot of silage weighs about 45 pounds. Four to six ions Ol KISS! per acre is an average Cut. 4

The trench should be at least sixi

ill: . - ..ll is Doncnt, of the meal fed may be. H. ,0... ll i'1('Ttll iillfuhisfzgl -zvlhichilowemd. I .feet deep, The greater the depth M" HWSIM will:-r h" grassl Tliougll losses nrp visllrliiv lessnhe lowm M”. hp ll" pr" Ce"! 1'! hwm mg? l -. ' -it - thlm when the crop is made inlolspomge as sllollagp '5 great". 0'' ”" "ill" "rT”:;' prlnalriuetl hay t-n-fling does not ij)ii9d(iI'V(' hilltop" TM mlmmum mm” "M mhj . t vs nnr iv - r - r - ,, N ' lllllvl ilnll rirolf (Nor low. the nulnems M tho range ha" tli)l:mliitl-lwilirllilltilllrlmili nllllflhilh blll:dIil ' i .. ' . .. in -'1 F -Ni . ... .-mcv rIisIrl"i 0" iii? l3'.”5l”' "bwl 2.07” "l ”" "'5 "l”” to on: tho silo. it must be widt-l F 3 . . mm once ter harvested is lost through fer-1 , . i. .,.,. -,.-in lilo now grow memrmon and seepage. Another enollgll to .lllow tlllougn packing El” ".”.d,..(.'."lf...n- This is the considerable loss of nutrients oc-l:l,,l.:.'),3 ?2l;:eC.to.r,tb.l:1t ssolulld nm.I.:c. W” i"”” 'cu th h ll t t l 9' " hm" 9' ii ”' l""”' '"'m.lM.1nn pmcuuslanils sidgguogf tligoaiige ivT..."5...ZZ'””" would he 5109” l” M” '" M Hw lwilmnrbllmerifisioh can be lWliil the tvpc of silo construction lp?Ckmg' and to reduce the "moum -llili” "i ll” 5 )m,L.u1m,..,1 p.-ac.lof silo and the experience of the 0 Crumbling 0" me lung all ,.,. Vi-Tli in lilroii 1 n r2)lauons.owner in mung. trench silos. It has -been found. ml” Hm lm mes 0 g l i Good Krnss silage cannot helm our rllmme mu 1" is "mes-I 0; g1.l55 0" ill" liills Mill 50955 m de . m- . g sary to line the walls with con- ” ., 1..., ncen proven many limes. " ”' ” F" "v ” '5 50m” crate or wood as crumbling of the

that nnllmli: holds ll"? .59” l" rum” lmp"ed' - ' MN J; M” AS " Rom; sod, pop; The green rrop weighs about f.l,...,,.... l-misnlls it is not suffiwthrcei times as much as dry hay Mm .,. ....i zrliw grllss but wt-.and is hard to handle by hand. WI W.W,,,., and "mm, thl5lEnthusiasm for grass silage usual- "””R m H", best possible wgy, ly cools off quickly unless some 2.1ra','g ,,”.,L,,, is one of the bent power machinery is available for '-”- i handling it.

.-vs:-rvin rass. lllillirnitilliil "urns: gllage" or as (Talia stilnfwlll nntvhiakelx good it :;2';:".':..:.: .':2;; .19 .2..?..””3Z..?”;.... .552: ,,:l.1l.c.. groan crops which are silage of low fending kiiilyiie. Blur mmm,mh,mRd...1nm hay, This in-lsuc ti crop w usua ) ma 9 (-iludp5 grasses, clovers. alfalfa andlbetter feed as silage than if dried nrnlns. ll" ll”-l”

rnucllarv is the hnckbonc: ..y ..n nnn.-r fccdinif prnaram. Al h . .1 W... lpzuynp or mixed hay crop tie tultmgiit fsitl)l is Ithei most effi- ...11 prorillre far more milk and cen YP9 0 5 0- l I "19 molt mupmnking nutrients per acre!neariy foolproof, as the silage is than any crop harvested for Brain.-easily packed, if the silage is put These hay crops are our onlylup too. Vi?! the excess moisture practical nlcllns of providing anqscaoesy. I too dry It is practical- nb.md.m..,. at .-heap home growni y airtight and less spoilage will proloin tn mcci winter feeding re-ioccur than if the same material nu,r.,nm,., y... We, mu of were put up in another type of

meal

Gnnd What Type of Silo

There is little doubt but what

the iecd.ll; xalue of the growing silo; it can be placed convenient mp, espoclaiiy the protein, is for feeding and with machinery lirdlnlirlix lost during harvest. available can be filled with little largcil iii the form of shattered hand labollr. Where labour is leaves scarce and capital available, as

when several farmers can purchase machinery co-operatively. this is the type of silo to recommend. However, many farmers believe this type of silo and the neces- sary equlpment for filling are too expensive.

Several types of silos which are cheaper to construct and which can be filled largely with the ma- chinery already found on most farms have been tried out on P. E. I. These include: surface horizontal silos, trench silos. pit silos. snowfence silos and stocks. These silos have proven success- ful in the order listed. that is surface silos have provan to be the most successful while stacks have given the poorest results.

The place for the stack silo would seem to be for storing sur- plus spring grasa in the pasture field to be fed during the dry part of the season. Too much wastage occurs with this type of silo to store silage for winter feeding when other types of silo

yin.-ii of iilln. as well as other

iietter equipment and methods for harvesting and storage. One of the most effective ways to reduce narvt-st loss is to make good silage llrnn puff of the hay crop. Why Malta C-raas Silage

As hay crops mature they de- crease very rapidly in palatabllity and digestibility. However. due to weather conditions it is often very difficult to make good quality field-cured hay when the crops are at the best stage of maturity. Rainy weather. which occurs so frequently early in the season. does not materially increase dry msttsr losses for silage but may result in heavy losses if the for- use is made into bay.

The paiatabiiity of the early-cut forage is so favorable that the total. daily dry matter intake is aossitlei-ably higher for early har- vested forage. In addition digesti- lllllty for the early cut forage is extremely high and decreases rap-

walls will occur after mic or tvml years” operation. Tlicrc should hrw a slope of 3 to 5 inches on em-ltl wall for every foot of depth. .

been decided the length will be: determined by the amount of grass to bc.ensiled. .

For instance. a silo 8 it. deep, bottom width, 10 fl.. lop uiritii 1.") It. will hold 2 1.'4 tons for every foot of length cross-sectional nrellw 8 x (lit-15)-100 sq. ft. 100 xi 45 lbs.-2 U4 tons. To food :51 cows 50 lbs. each per day for 200' days it will require l.')x200xfl0 2 12000)--75 ions of silage or a sll:l' 35 ft. long.

Time To Cut

From an early part of this re- port it was seen that early cut- ting was important from the standpoint of palstability and di- gestibility. Another factor to con- sider is the yield of grass which will be obtained. Very early har- veating decreases the yield of first cutting but produces a higher yield of aftermath for second l-uttin;:' or pasture. The total yield of (ii-l gestible dry matter for the scnsonl is the best when the first cutting is harvested when the limo-tlly is heading out but before any bloom occurs.

Since yield of forage for the season. palatabllify. digestibility, Telulllnff milk production and body weight gains all decrease rapidly from forage harvested late in the season. the optimum period for harvesting usually does not extend much beyond a period of three weeks weather it is hay or silage that is being made. This means that in most season silo filling should be completed before the end of June. It Timothy is fully in head and showing signs of bloom the grass should be chop- ped before ensiling and a pre- servative added. Mature forage will be too woody to pack well and will not have sufficient mois- ture to make good silage. Enslllng will not improve the digestibility of late cut material.

Filling Many different methods have

can be constructed.

A snowfence silo can be placed conveniently for feeding either in the field or at the barn. The is- bor required to fill this type of silo is greater than with horizon- tal surface or trench silos and the spoilage seems to be as great or greater than with these other types. The paper used to line the silo is quite expensive -and is an annual expense.

Trench and surface horizontal si- iii: are much alike and are usually considered together. The surface silo has the advantage of being easier to locate near the

Beautify Your Home With

ii-I.VEii'T'

ALUMINUM AWNINGS

for Snartneu and Comfort

Enjoy citmsta control all sum- mer . . . keep your home W t0 20 degrees cooler in sultry weather . . . with than 90'- msnent ventilated awnings. ' Wide choice of weather-fast colors, plain or striped. Inves- tigate NOW Ph0"9 24458 or write! .'..----------t lgoopvont of New brass-, I wick. Dept. O0-i0

idly as the forage matures. This "file can extend from 707:. for llfestibillty of the very' early-cut .ol-ago down to 5095; or less for late-cut roughage. The excellent Combinations of high palatabillty ind digestibility permits the cow in consume a larger amount of diiitilllilff dry matter from early- liitfornsze. This results in higher milk production and saves grain. lily harvesting the first-cut earlv -he aftermath gets off to a good surf before hot weather sets in. Harvest loss. particularly from shattered leaves, is much lass than with dry hay.

010

in Dock street. ' '8aint John. NJ. l .Please send me F'Ri'lE' Ibooklet. I

I sName

:Addr-cu

been used to get the grass from the field into the silo. It will vary on each farm according to available help and machinery. If windrawing is necessary a swath- er attachment for the haymower will eliminate the raking opera- tion. A hay loader is quite stilt- able for loading. At the silo. the grass may be either forked off or pulled off with slings. An- other method that would elimi- nate much of the hand labor is a buck-rake.

Oncc filling has been started it is important that there be no long shut-downs as this will result in layers of poor quality silage.

The art of making good silage lies mainly in keeping out air. To do this the silo must he tight. have smooth walls and the silage well trumped. A tractor makes the best job of tramping. Special rnrc

should be taken along the sidcs and corners. The silo should be topped off with 1-2 ft. of wet

grecn material to help keep out air and to pack the lower layers. The silage should be thoroughly tramped every day for 5-7 days after filling is completed.

Valparaiso, the chief seaport of Chile in south America. was found- ed in 1543.

Copenhagen. capital of Denmark. started as a fishing village in an- cient times.

When Ciliilelfs Eyes lire Bigger Than Their Stolllaclls . . .

Then is no need now to administer drastic. old-fashioned laxatives

cc

Its- nf a re iaba They go to help mash

Own IIIIIFIIIGU Dloduel. work at ons onion tho

it'll!

Cr-HLDRE N s ow

TABLFTE3

,"mGUARDlAN. CHARLCTTETOWN

h We Anti Our iieighilours

D! liuhamsh Sohelnfeld Frank

OF THIS AND THAT

speaking of the comparative nature of Time ms 1 did last week), what a day was Tuestdiy, June 21 In the morning I hung around the Columbia University Campus, watching the pretty girl- friends arld family groups gather- ing for the afternoon Commence- ment exercises. These I witnessed later as a sympathetic b.vatanrlt-r In the evening. of course. I saw and heard the Coronation monies over television. As if that weren't. enough, came the wonder- fully timed British victory over Mount Everest.

The high point of these so im- portant hours. to most people, was the Coronation. Between the radio and television coverage of the ceremonies. the excitement heir. was probably as great as on lliel Island, or anywhere except lu- Londoll. Myself, I stood for almost two hours, with a hundred or more others, in the television lounge of. a llcws-reel tllcotrc, ill the nlldsi oi breathless attention. It was ill- dccd :1 great and moving SpPClJit"iP and one consolation for you on liiv Island is that you will surely 5-'9

ll and ill all "-5 C01” and ""m"S. Cornwallis, is SpEIidlI1'!i1l' lcavc

niflccncc, at the Prince Edward Theatre, in the near future. . . .

Mount Everest at such e moment as this when El'”n'octll was being

crowned. Hail the collqucring llcrocs and God Save tllc Qucr-ll..." At the ..l3il:h Coiululila Conl-

menccnicnt excrciscs, mic aiso felt; the deep bond between Britainp and the United States. and thus. between the United States and Cali-p ada and the other nations of the Commonwcalth. Over p where sat the thousands l'."no wit-i nesscti the conferring of degrees; on the 6,149 graduates, flew two banners-olle the flag of tile Unit-i ed States, the other the brmljl. blue silk pcmlant showing the Edlil-l tish Crown. The words too. Spoifcllp by the newly installed president. of Columbia, Dr. Gravsoll Klrk

versities in Britain and Canada as. well as in the United states. .

"A University." Dr. Kirk 5RlCl.: ”is a place in which men have: only one fixed purpose: g suit of truth. It is a place in winch

ed. And this iaItruc of economics. politics, and phllo5olDl1)'- 35 9l 5C” once. medicine

oratories of a truly free university he man's best hope of a briglltcr future. No individual. and no group outside the university can be allowed to dictate who Slmll teach, or what shall be taught." . . .

Speaking of universities and the pursuit of truth and the fact that there is now in New York City, the convention of the American Medical Society. I am reminded of two interesting points made by Dr. Alan Gregg. Vice,-Prcsidcnt. of the Rochefeller Foundation. ln 0 lecture I heard recently.

Medical schools. said Dr. Grcizs. are hard-pressed for money. The training of a doctor costs fail more than the individual has pal . If every doctor would contrloutt only one hundred dollars a ye” able research they are forced to drop for lack of funds.

As for nurses. said Dr. Grails. there seems no good reason why young women should not be re- quired to serve for a certain per- iod as nurses, in the sonic wn.i' their brothers serve in the urin- ed forces.

Seems logical. "7

docsult

That lolly will Yours

Continued from pas? '3 A human beings and us chemical and physical ciiaractelistlcs mtlst DET- mlt its administrnti-an by VENOUS routes into the borili illiilr is b-V mouth, by injections. and by lflial application. It must be .lbic to penc- trate tissue barriers to rcarli all organs of thc both"

It so happens that composition of an antibiotic af- fecta or influences the case with which it is absorbed into the blood stream from the small intestine. Streptomycin, lallzc -'4l7r0- 15 Sim” and difficult in ahwuimn. Wilm- as chloromyceiin. a small p otic molecule, is vvcli and rnsiiy ab- sorbed. ,

Of the seven antibiotics in use. two are produced by bacilli ttiny organisnlsi tyrothricin and baci- tracin; penicillin by Penlcllllll molds. and the remaining four by actinomyoetea rmold-like bacteria).

From the above. physicians. auri- eona, and the entire public can rest assured that thc search for new antibiotics will be paticiltly coil- tinued and the findings madc avail- able to everybody.

the size, and

The first train drawll by a steam locomotive in the United States run from Albany to sch:-nectady, NY. in 1881.

Appreciatib-n

Newman wish to extend their deep- est gppreciation to Dr. Lam: and Rev. Mr. Irwin and to their kind friends. his teacher and pupils for their many acts of kindness shown him during the time of his accid- ent.

all ideas must be examined. all. doctrines weighed. all bclleis test-l Sam, The

fcrlnllnl tiullllnlllll

The editorial in the New York Times on the following day, link- ed the Crowning of Elizabeth and the conquest of Mount Everest. thus: "It was right that the Bri-l tisll who tried so often and so galiantly should have been tile 01185 10 Win 0ili,. ll lS 5u1)l'Pill8ly light that the Brvhsli flag should

Once the width and depth hnw-,liave been planted on the peak of

tile pur-ll Junior

l

medical schools could pursue valu-.

ilnt.ibi- ,

Tha pot-cuts -of f-lastcr Roger

COOK'S for Perfect Pictures

JBIMYB TA-Kl a Phone 510.

"YOUR DOLLAR BUYS MORE- at the HUGHES DRUG STORE".

. t;.lt;.t;lcv's PHARMACY, open' this afternoon and evening.

GRASWELL Better Photo-

graphs.

for

4

TAILORED TO MEASURE SUIZIK 539.00 up, J. P. MacPherson and

l Elizabeth 11 and the Duke of Edin- burgh; with them were many oth- er members of Royally., We saw wax figures of many prominent men of the world, both dead and alive.

Our last part of the wax museum tour was the "Chamber of Hor- rors". This was really something. Some of it is too gruesome to men-

Island Scout's

coronation Diary

Bv

Queents Scout W. D. has

At 4 pm. we were allowed free llmC. 50 Dave Boggs of Woifvlile. N.S.. Murray Forbes, of Dartmouth, N.S., Gerry Michaud of Thoroid. Ont, and myself, went. to Trafal- gar Square.

This is a very beautiful park, decorated with its Coronation coi-

Btopuey Green. London on Wednesday. May 27- We WON up to find ourselves in the land- locked harbour of Cork, Ireland. This was a pretty little green

spot. At Cork we left

Sou. about one.hgif bra and fountains. m --- of the pesengers, While ln front of Nelson's Monu- KEBOHENE. Electric and Pro- mostly 1r15h.Am- merit I heard some one call me. palle Gas Refrigerators. Bryeutolt Erma”, rem,-nmg I turned around and it was 3 and Manx”, to, their home.!Chaliottefown fellow in the navy. Me- land, for .1 visit, He was Jim Wood, son of Mr. and

PRENATAL CLASSES cont inlle

Friends of Miss Dollalda Mac- Donald will be sorry to hear that she is R patient in the Charlotte- town Hospital.

The many friends of Mrs. Sadie- Vnlllderstille of this City are glad to see her back aguin after visit-p

ilZ'Z friends ill Montaeuc, i

Mr. David Lowtgr of the I-I.M.

at tiiehomc of his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Eric Lowthcr. Crapaud.