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' Prince‘ Charlie

—‘Contlnued from page 4_.

Wm change the settled, sane, 0pm- Ions of level headed men, one his. torian of 1145 relates, that the Prince become impatient and cumin; to 3790118 Ronald McDonald, a brother 0t Klnlock Moldart, ssld to him. “W111 younot assist me!" He re- plied "1 will if no other man in the Hlihlands will draw his swcrd” and when this was uttered the heather was on firs. Then Clsnronslds loy- Iliy leaned up at Ronald's word and WM“ Young Clsnranald marched, Young Lochlel wouldnot be left be- hind. That "noblestheort in Scot- land" hsd been suffering from the taunts of Charles who assured mm that 11° mlsht stay at home and learn from the newspapers the fate of his Prince. The reproach touched Lochiel to the quick. "No" he replied, “I'll share the fate of my Prince and so shall every man over whom nature or fortune hath given me any pow- er." Ali-Tho dle was cast. i Messengers were sent carrying the news of Charles’ landing. The fiery cross was llt and soon the land from north to south trembled in wild ex- citement. The call was heard- ‘To arms, to arms.

"Come through ‘the heather, around him gather,

Ye're a.’ the welcomer early,

Around him cling, an o.’ your kin,

For who‘ll be King but Charlie."

The seven men of Moidprt landed and the French ship was sent home with letters informing the French Court of the Prince's determination and iequestin fiance's slid.

No man possessed more authority in the Highlands then Lochlel. If he has refused not a chief in the Highlands would have risen in fav- our of the House of Stuart. Thus writes Blr Walter Scott: “Wes Loch- lel‘s ssgacity overpowered by his sense of what he esteemed honour. and loy- olty which induced him to front the prospects of ruin with a disinterest- ed devotion not unworthy the best days of chivalry. His decision was the signal for the commencement of the rebellion."

‘Allihoweve , was not plain sailing with the Prince, for Bir Alexander McDonald of Sleat and McLeod of McLeod whose combined forces would number 3000 men and whcwere pow- eriul chleftslns positively refused to join in what they characterized a mad enterprise. The clans however, came down from their mountain fortresses and joined the Prince.

The value of a. highland estate was never estimated according to its ren- tal, but according to the number of men it could raise. A story is told of McDonald of Keppock, who, en- tcrtalning some Lowland gentry with great hospitality at his highland seat was asked by one of the guests with blunt curiosity. "What was the rent of his estate." I can raise 500 men was the only answer. The men thus raised were often idle, hauBhW 8115 warlike, their occupation fighting or hunting, their only law the command of their chief. _

In 1745 the chiefs had at their com- mand about 19,800 men-

"BONNIE PRINCE CHARLIE"

Hearts were everywhere won by the grace and beauty of the Prince who had thus as Scott says, throvm himself on the mercy of his country men rather like a. hero of romance than a calculatlngpollticlsn, tall and handsome, fair and noble in aspect he excited the admiration of all the fearless Jscoblfes, the ladies espec- lally. The gathering of the clans proceed- ed with great alscrlty and armed bodies of men were seen everywhere crossing the’ country to Glcnfinnen the place selected for the raising of the Standard. The spot selected for the raising of the Standard was a little eminence in the centre of the vale where it could be rendered con- spicuous to n11 around. The Marquis of Tulllburdine, whose ranhentltled him to the honour, pitched himself on the top of the knoll, supported by two men on account of his weak stat; of heslth. He then flung upon the mountain breeao that "Meteor flog" which shooting like I streamer from the north. was soon to svlleed such omens of woe and terror over the peaceful voles of Britain. It was s. large banner of red silk, with a white specs in the centre. The ep- pesrs-nce of the banner was hailed with a perfect storm of pipe music end loud shouting. ‘Tullibsrdlné reed rmenlfesio in the name of King James the Eighth, the Prince's fath- er and s. Commission of regency in favour of- the Prfnoeujfwelvo hund- red armed men were then. so John Oops was the Comdunder-ln- Chief of the forces in Scotland at ' He had under his com-

‘ '3 I.O'I‘TE'I'(\ W N YA R l“ \ N’

obliged to have l" 1:16.31?- of his bread bags behind him. he was be- wildzred with conflicting reports of the location and strength of the in- surgcnts. The Prince was advised to evade Cops and march for Edin- burgh. Men were flocking to his standard from all quarters. Many de- serted from Cape's army. Th»: Prince marched on foot with his men, al- though a slender youth the High- landers were astonished to find them- selves overmatched at running, wrest- llng, leading and even nt their fav- orite exerclse of the broadsword, 'by hlm. He partook of the dishes which were supposed to be peculiar to Scot- land. He attempted to drink the health of the chiefs ln the few words of Gaelic hepicked up.

' COPES ARMY

The Highlanders successfully evad-

ed. Copeb army. On arrival at Perth

he received additional recruits. 0n

his arrival there he had only one

guinea in his pocket and he took

means to replenish his purse by de-

mands made upon the public fund

of Perth, Dundee and other places.

At Perth he was joined by Lord G.

A. Murray, an old and experienced

soldier and by the Duke of Perth.

The people of Edinburgh were in a

panic and in, hopes that Cope would

meet the Highlanders, but the Prince

by swift marching reached Edinburgh

without the loss of a man, while Cope

was near Inverness miles away. Edin-

burgh was-very poorly defended. The

military force, with the exception of

a few regular drsgoons were undis-

clpllnedrecrulls. A phamptleer at

the time remarked that he always ob-

served they took care to shut their

eyes before they fired their pieces in

the streets (contrary to the orders of

their officers) and that their fear was

better grounded than one imagined,

seeing that their fireworks were in

danger every time ofbursting about

their ears. ting was prohibited by

the Prince. crythlng was paid for.

Crime was swerely punished.

While at Perth and between Perth

and Edinburgh the Prince and. his

ofllcers were engaged in disciplining

the forces- When the Prince was six-

teen miles from Edinburgh, Cope

was still at Inverness and had made

arrangements to transport his army by water to Iielth. On reaching the

capital the Prince sent a message to the city to surrender promising to preserve all tho rights and liberties of the city and the particular prop- erty of every one of His Majesty's subjects. The Magistrates believing Cape's army would come to their r2- lief, asked for time and deputies were sent to the Prince. On the re- turn of one of these deputntlons the gates were opened and a. chosen body of Highlanders who were concealed in the vicinity rushed the gates and entered the City. They entered with- out molestation and relieved the guards. The citizens did not linow anything about 1t till next day it was done so quietly. A citizen of Walls on the morning of the_ mom- entous day according to Mr. Home on history of the rebellion, observ- ed a mountaineer sitting sstricle upon s. cannon, with an air qf great vigil- ance and solcmnity, as if deeply im- pressed with a sense of duty as a sentinel. The citizen accosted him with a remark, that surely these were not the some troops which mounted guard yesterday. “Och, No." said the Highlander. "She pe rc-losv- ed."

JACOBITE REJOICING

There was great rejoicing among the J acobites in Edin- burgh on the Prince's arrival.

I cannot better relate the incident of the event than by using the language of Justice McCarthy in his fine es- say on the battle of Cullodcn as fol- lows:

“Jacobite Edinburghvwent wild with delight over ‘its hero Prince. He en- tered Hollyrocd with the white rose in his bonnet and the star of St. Andrew on" his breast, through en- thusiss" crowds that fought eagerly for s. nearer sight of his face or the privilege of touching his hand. The young Prince‘ looked his best. the hereditary melancholy which cast its shadow over the faces of all the Stuarts wss for the moment dissi- pated. Flushed with essy_trlumph. popular applause, and growing hope. the young Prince entered the Palace of his ancestor . like l Kl!!!’ T994111!‘ lng to his own. James Hepburn of Keith, with drawn sword, led the way; beautiful women distributed whitecockedes to enrsptured Jacob- ltes; the ststellest chivalry of Scot- land made obeisanceto its rightful Prince. The intoxicating dsy ended with a greet bell at the palace, st which the youthful grsce of Charles Btulrt continued the charm that e1- resdy belonged to the adventurous ind victorious Prince a: Wales." Bop- tembslr 1'1, 1145, wes one of the bright- eit days in the stout calendar.

The conquest of Edinburgh was booths prelude to grater glories. Oopiwesrlllflnlhisforeesstbmi-

__ber,wumereblng toithsrsllef of

. Charles acting on the ed- of-hls Gellsrsiflmsrchsd out to 00st‘: nasty 161' "11""- nc mssnseaiisusoed. assumption‘ disre- hls foes. ceieyfid’ ‘attack in

.-...-.4~...-..-;A

takcn uncaxaxcrcs in the gray lnihuigg; of the 21:; p’. Piesicnpuus anal ran.- cd comgalrtcly and lgzxozniziiourzly liv: minuuss.

Seldom has‘ it been the misfortune of an English General to experience so humiliating a defeat almost ull the infantry were cut to pieces by the wild charges of the Highlanders and the cavalry escaped cnly by dcsper. ate flight. As for Cope he managed to collect a ragged remnant of his ruined army and made ofl’ with all Speed to Berwlck where he was re- ceivcd by Lord Mark Ker with scorn- tul assurance that he was the first commander ln chief in Europe who had brought with him the news of his own defeat. The Highlanders only lost 30 killed and '70 wounded. The British which numbered 2500 before action, lost all excepting about 200 who escaped, .1500 were taken pri- soners. All the prisoners were treat- ed with all humanity. -

EDINBURGH PRESS COMMENT When Charles was at Edinburgh there were two daily newspapers reg- ularly published there, the Evening Courant and the Caledonia Mercury, the former a Government Journal and the latter Jacobite. The Cour- ant was not very complimentary to the Prince's Army. He described them "as a pitiful ignorant crew, good for 1109111118. and incapable of giving any reason for their proceedings, but talk-

Rashant (the regent) plunter, and hew proguesff The tone of the paper changed after the Prestonpous, when 1t Iillflvllneed that the Highlanders be- haved most civilly to the inhabitants, paying cheerfully for everything they got. The Highlanders were in s. po- sition to do so after Preston because they got all the arms and Cape's money chest containing a large sum.

Edinburgh at this time only con- tained 40,000 people copped up in s. very small ares. The buildings on many streets were 10 and 12 stories high. The streets were dirty and Charles Wesley who visited there in 1751 states that even the stately rooms of l-Iollyrood were as dirty as stables. ‘How long," he demanded "can it be sufleied that all manner of filth should be flung into the streets. To- day that City ls on example of beauty and cleanliness. Wlmt a change. It was not a moral city. Clubs of all sorts flourished and dan- cing halls were common there. There was no room in private houses for guests to sit or refreshments to be eaten or the behooped ladies to move. A fat female squeezing through a narrow turnstlle is nothing to the crlnollned ladies of 1745 trying to squeeze through the narrow passages leading on! the turnpike stairs Edinburgh's towering tenements. It was in the public halls that Edin- burgh soclety met and danced-do the assembly rooms, against which the ministers hurled objurgotions as nur- series of vice. Sedan chairs were in common use, generally operated by Highlanders. Oliver Goldsmith states that the ladies of that day carried their dainty snuff boxes, from which they primed their noses at dances or social gatherings and gentlemen moved ribout. in silk and satin gold laced coat and waistcoat, clink- lng sword and waiving perewlg." Men entertained at the‘ taverns as there was no room in their homes. Even ths Lords of Session, the great ad- vocates, College presidents and men of letters entertained at their tav- erns. These taverns varied in de- gree and quality. The prices were low and the food of fair quality. Three bottle men were common in Prince Charlie's time. Writers say that Scott in Waverly although writ- ten 80 years alter the events ls an uncommonly good source from which to derive one impression c1 Charles Edward and Hollyroud and the times.

‘ A LITERARY AGE

It has been truly said that it was Edinburgh's Augustlm age of literat- ure. A noted Englishman said that "Here I stand st the cross of Edin- burgh and can in a few minutes take 50 men of genius by the hand. Such

en as Home, Smsllett, Robertson, Adam Smith, Robert Blair, Lord Ksme, etc. It is evident from what I have read that this class of men did not interest the Prince.

After Preston England woke up. The King cums back from Hanover. All the troops were recalled from Flanders.» It was time for the Prince to make a fresh stroke. It was re- solved to strike south for England and they marched early in November. when he reached Carlisle Charles had less than 0000 men. They reached Derby 121 miles from London. Hc had extrgordinsry good luck, having conkived to slip past the English op- posing army. Cumberland was at Stafford 0 miles further from the capital than the Prince. The English army was in fact behind him. He was only slx days march from London when his advisers counselled him to

mny flushed with successes. Writers ssy "It is dlfncult to understand now whet curious madness prompted the Prince's edvisors to counsel him us they did, or the Prime to ect upon their counsel. It =would seem llJi he lied oniyto ssvssse e» win no

. oases

JPBIIRM m ant-s‘: ,»....\ L . ._ _, . .,...'a.......__..-Q;

in=

ing only of snlshlng King Jamesh, to. '

of,

ln_

return to Scotland. He had s devoted '

v »

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RETURNS T0 CRAPAUI) -Mr. Bertram Trowsdale of Crapaud, who spent the winter in Charlottetown, returned to his country home on Saturday. During his stay hers he mode many friends who will miss him and wlll be glad to welcome him back on’ future ‘visits.

, .

INSTITUTE MEETING.—The East Royalty Women's Institute held their regular monthly meeting on Feb. 15th at the home of Mrs. Allison Holmes. Thirteen members and three. visitors were present. Roll call was answered by riddles. The minutes of the last regular meeting wre read and adopt- ed, followed by the reports of the committee, was re-elected. After some discussion, a motion, that a social ev- ening be held in March and a. festi- val be held in the summer, was sec- onded and carried. A musical pro- gramme was then put on. The young- er members will have charge of the programme for the next regular meeting. which will be held at the home of Mrs. Edgar Heartz. Roll call is to be answered by Irish wit. The meeting closed with the National Anthem.

PERSONALS

llfr. Ralph Crockett of the C. B. C. left Saturday on s. short visit to Boston.

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