PAGE FOUR -

THE CHARLOTTETOWN UARDIAN

TIIE BIIMILUTTE-lonn Glllllllllll

Mornlu] Dull) (Founded lu I881)

President: Llcut. Cal. W. Chute: S. Mobln Vtce-Prosldent: J. B. Burnett, F. J. I. Scent-Ir]: Melt. Col. l). A. tlaclflnnou. 0.8.0. Editor llul Asoclnto Eamon: Frank

wuii A. Burnett, mcavvu.

tOn Actlvo Service) “The Strongest Memory i: the Weakest

Ink.

rxlfiiut. niobium" “intuit 1m “t?

An Optimistic Report

The maintenance of service standards in tlte face ‘of new records in tonnage and passenger 0- m n- a traffic is emphasized as a major achievement in the annual report of Mr. h. C. Vaughan, chair. the Canadian National

nian and president of Railways. The system is carrying twice a5 much freight as in the y"ears before the war. and nearly four tinics as 111a1iy" passengers, atid, as thc president ]l4tllll:§ out. this tinprecctlcntctl volume of traffic is being handled without any great addition to equipment. It is estimated that not less than 82,000,000 tons of revenue freight, and 30,000,000 passengers, were haiid- led in 104.1. an increase of 2 and 4 per oqt n- spcctivcly iivvr the prccctling ycar.

increases in ivzige rates atid cost of materi- als have cut into the net revenue of the rail- way", but the systcni is still in a position to t1ir1i river a (Ylhll surplus lll the Federal treasury" after tlic paviiicnt of interest due to the public and tlic _Q1!\"‘l'fllll('lll.

.\lucli has been dcinznidetl of the system

illil its employ-tics throughout the year. Presi- dent \.'1uuli;iii reicrs with pride to 20,000 C. .\'. ll, pi-i'<1i1iii1~l who have enlisted for active

svrv t. llll the liiiinc front too, the record is a iiiciitnriniis one. lii the Seventh Victory’ Luau taiiziiliziii National employees broke .il their 1w "d. l» subscribing $I3.,“33.550, I'm’ lzirgt-st viii: :1 of any‘ group of einplnyvcs i1- l'.1ii.11l.;

this: ."ittuiititiii is bring given to tiost-yvxr problems of rcconsiriictioii. Research has been llliltlt! 11nd plans prcparctl for better passenger traiispiirtziticiii fziciliti s. “The railways", says Mr. Vaughan. "arc alive to the fact that coni- petition with other forms 0f transport will be accentuated zifter the war and they may be de- pended (111 to hCCI) abreast of the times and pro- vide the service that will insure them their fair share of the traffic."

Lot us hopc that Prince lidward Island will not he L"\'€l'lO0l\'C(l in the contemplated improve- nzents. notwithstanding that competition with other forms of transport is less noticeable here than it is in the larger provinces.

Health Week In February

.\l.iiiy Laiiadian communities at the request 41 the llcahli Lcague of Canada will observe a llculth Wet-k iii licbrtiary", the observance f.» coincide with the holding of National Social llvgicne Day, Feb, f. Health “Keck will open Sunday, Feb. .3.

Purposcvof tlic “\\'cck" is to bring messages to Canadians on health as a basic factor in their liver-personal, communal and rtational. The League contends that only a nation of optimum health can discharge fully such great internat- ional resiponsibilitics as will have to be t1t1dcr~ taken b"; the Domiuioii in the coining year.

Endorsation of the Health Week plan al- ready has been received from departments cf education and health in six provinces. Also churches, schools, home and school associations and numerous woi1icn‘s and other organizations and service clubs have indicated a desire to cri- operate in the extensive and ambitious program wh"'cli is in course of preparation.

Sense Of Proportion Needed

\Vith the first shock of the German of- fensive over, it may be well that we keep some sense of proportion. \Vhat has happened, sug- gests the (ll/arm Journal, isn't nearly as bad as some of the black pessiniists (sometimes ves- terday/s wild optimists) try to make out. The enemy’ has struck a powerful blow, revealed un- suspected strength: btit that doesn't mean that all our gcncrals have suddenlyi become dunces and all thc ticrinan generals suddenly become geniuses, that the Allies are breaking up in (lissensioii. with their old idealistic professions either repudiated or violated, and things gen- erally" in a tcrrihlc way.

Indeed, rcccnt dispatches indicate that the Allies arc already" staging a tremendous come-

back. The enemy". after a series of disasters, achieved a brief success in a single theatre, but that sticccss iloesift affect the general war position, not" avert inevitable Get-

nian defeat.

A great need of this time is a way of look- ing at things that permits tis to see the forest instead of some particular trees: that avoids foolish optimism on the one hand and equally" foolish pcssiuiisiii on the titlicr.

pCrime In Wartime

The Dominion llurcau of Statistics reports I decrease in the nunibci" of adults rotivicted in I943 as against the previous year. The figures are: For 1043, 507.807; for 1042, 620.673. This decrease was the first recorded since I932.

It is interesting to note that, though HIGH! was a general decline i11 the number of adult convictions in I943. there was an increase in the number for indictable offenses. However, despite the fact that the figures issued bv the Dominiuii littrcau of Statistics are no certain guide 0:1 the fall in adult crime in Canada, thry provide a strong barometer as to conditions.

Whether adult crime and juvenile (lelin- qnency will take an upward swing in the diffi- cult years after the war ls won depends on many factors. Not the least of those, says an ex-

Dlroutor: J. l». Burnett. l'J.l. er and Lloul. In

Weaker Thu

be made.

EDI IURIAI. NUI {:3

The last itiarket for the year. i i‘ i I

West, enjoying leave. I i Q I

Scouts in the United Kingdom now stands 436,871, a11 increase of 2,000 o\"er the total.

Q

of 26 cents for a three-course meal. I! 11 11 Ii

ent item in the BBCs European Service. (icrnian (iatholic priests. and lic has reported

from :1 (iernian priest. 'l'hi5 priest said to liini cue day: “Winston Churchill deserves _:i lllPY-P- zncnt iii gold. It is he who has savcd l‘.lll‘t)]l(‘.'lIl rivilizatitin."

I! I! It! l!

The $2,=oo,o0o estate of Sir \\'illiatn Blulock" includes $441,422 in real estate, $25,816 ii: mortgagfls, $530,000 111 stocks; §_I.3/-’.073 1!"- lionils; $85,081) in cash; $44.32; lll book ilt-lrs . . . _ , .,. _

and b44327 in iiusccllaiieoiis PIDIWILI). l.o vision is made fOr an annuity of ifilfw l” Miss Rosamond Pratt, housclteepcr, \\"1tl1 lP}"l- (jog 0f $1,000 for James Clark, gardener. - 000 to john llOl(l(‘ll, chauffeur, and t1 giliss lsabcl Proustie. .~\ttcr 1111111111111.’ ‘WY m?“ and legacies, including $50,000 to Prune Min- ister King, the residue is devised to U011 W. l’. Mulock, grandson. v in

I 101

William Ewart Gladstone, British statesman, born this date 1809; in politics he started out as a “stern unbending 'l‘ory" and Protection- 1st, but in the course of his political career he swung round to the advocacy of Liberalism and Free Trade, becoming Prime Minister, a tinsi- tioti he held in four governments; Gladstone has been described as a brilliant departmental head, a magnificent party leader and orator. an"! probably the greatest British parliamciitariati since Pitt. Having refused an liarltlom, he spent his remaining years in retirement, and on his death in I398, was buried in “lestniinstcr Abbey: "National injustice is the surest roazl to national downfall." ' i1 Ill i‘ 1K The volume of wholesale and retail trade in the Maritime Provinces continues at a high level, v."itl1 sales reported in excess of a year ago, notwithstanding limited supplies. Collections are good. Christmas buying commenced early and indications are that the holiday" trade will exceed that of any previous year, says the Bank" of Montreal report for December. Logging and pulpwood operations in November were re- tarded by wet weather: the supply of labour has improved to some extent. The demand for wood products continues strong. Fresh fish landings during November were below average, due t) tinfavotirable weather conditions. There is a heavy demand for dried fish; prices are at a high level and stocks continue to move to ex- port markets 011 a quota basis. hlanufacturirig plants for the most part continue to operate at capacity. Coal production in Cape Breton in No- vember increased slightly as compared with the previous month, but was lower than in the saute month last year. The potato market is dull; starch and dehydration plants are operating at capacity. >0- ii- n- n-

Arrangements of payment for Canada's war exports have been part and parcel of her war- time public finance, says the Canadian Bank of Commerce report. Her gift to the United King- dom of $i,ooo,ooo,ooo in 1942, her funding of sterling balances in Canada by a lOa11 of $700,- 000,000 in the same year, her repatriation of the British equity in the fixed capital of war plants ir. Canada amounting to $205,000,000 and her contribution to United Nations Mutual Aid ($1,27o,4o0,o00 to the end of October last) all these have gone to finance Canada's war ex- ports to the United Kingdom and other Allied Nations. Even so, the shrinkage of London's Canadian dollar balances has recently forced some curtailment of purchases from Canada. Negotiations are now in progress to arrive at some way out 0f the difficulty. 'l‘his brings into relief that the demand for Canadian pro- ducts abroad, however greatly they may be de- sired, will not necessarily mean that sales of them can be made. The purchasers may not have the required Canadian funds of their .-\.\'ll with which to buy these products. If the Bretfon Woods agreements were to be made effective hy action of the Governments represented at the relative conference, currency stabilization should he feasible and some working balances of ex- change could probahly be supplied to needy countries, while specific projects of reconstruc- tion aiid development could be financed between tiatiotis. But it would be well to recognize that in the final analysis trade is an exchange of goods and services, and therefore that Canada could find markets abroad by importing sub- stantial qnantities of other cottntrics‘ cxpnrtrlilc products. from_the proceeds of which they could biiv Canada's wares. For the protection of C111- adian exporters in the period of transition. the Canadian Government reccnllv oassetl thi- liv- rt Credits Tnsuratice Act. which yi-rts dcsi"11- rl tn aid in the |'9-Q§l;!l»li<l1'll(’lll of Canadini

thange, are the home, church, school, for it i!

a remarkable tribute to M1‘. “tillliloll Cllllwllill

Frctty well understood that there will be stresses bearing heavily on the growing child. There is much that the church and the school can dc; but without the intelligent support aiul inter- est of the parents the greatest headway caiirot

Quite a few Islanders are home fi"o1n the

Latest figures ‘show that the tuunbcr of Boy

193d

British Restaurants. inaugurzitetl during the war to serve meals at popular prices to \‘.‘¢l' workers, may continue after the \\"ar. At prcscii‘. 622,000 people are fed daily at an ziveragc cos’

A Belgian Douiitiicaii who was arrested '11‘ the Gestapo because of the sermons he had preached at Liege formed the subject of a .1: spent two years in a (ierinati P11751111 111°"! “'l'll

. lllll" BY Th’ w” l Floor Prices For i t Agriculture Chad, with lll ltlll untrled ploy! I --— ls 6.000 years old. - Lori Angeles (gm; o; N," 5mm Tlmes. I Monthly Revlon.) The Alllu must. now hep on ll watch for the Whine. — Strutford v Beacon-Herald. . l A you‘ coup], ‘h, M" m,‘ Preventing chronic surpluses

been married are driven up andiw°llld "B"! i0 be lflrzely a ques- down the main street to the ac- °ll ‘ll llliellllli fl°°l' Pm“ lea‘ companlment of much horn bluw-- wllably lll lllle wllill lllllrkel 97”‘ m; but a young ma“ who h“ w“ pacts. To some extent, of course, a leg In the greatest adventure ofill l‘ "mull ll” WW" °l m” 5°“ all time Ia allowed to come Into town with no more notloe than t! he had conimltteed a crime. -Mltl- land Free Press Herald.

both by extending Inter-govern- mental expcirt contracts - which may be vitally Important at least In easing the transItIon from war to peace-and by taklng steps to expand domestic consumption.

The Advisory Committee on Re-

The wartime savlnn of the small’ investor In Britain amounted to 812.000.000.000 as of the end of cousin-limo“ suggest“; m it; m. July. This great total, announced port that the ggtglnment, o; a s“- by the NflYlOlllPl sl“’,l,l18s Commit-‘isfacmry level of nutr tlon In Can- ibe. rePR-Wflls small ‘lwlhss onlylada would appreciably enlarge the End if 15 111111119 11D 0f mbfley lfl- market for farm products. vested In savings certificates. In‘ defence bonds. and In increased mtttee by Dr. W. C. Hopper led deposits In the 110st office and w the concluslon um a natlon- trustee savings bflllkS.——Si..TllQlhI\5,WlCl6 school lunch and school mllk Tlme-P-lmlfflfl- iprogram would have value both in -——- _ bettering the health of the Can- Qllce flhln we admit that tned adtan people and In aldlng the W611": WHICH fllwbys overtakes us farmer. when We 51f by the radio and hear There Is every reason for seeking One of these academic so-callsd to enlarge demand as much as Pwlwmlsl-i dllfllilnx 0n the way :0; possible by such measures as these. make Cllllfldb Dfflblterous and to The amount of production dispos- ‘lP bwlly WlPlI llflfimblblmfifll. and ed of may be as Important. to the “b0 take fifteen minutes to tell, farmer as the price received: us all about It. without mentioning, deed. a large production sold at. a that itiere ls tn Canada such an moderate price may be more to Industry as nzrtculture. - Leili- his advantage than a restrtcsed llllllge Hemld- production offered at ‘u high prlcc.

o -

z remark-I When the principles for setting salvage floor prices have been establish- ed. there still remains the ques- tion of how they are to be Im- plemented. There are two general methods by which this c1111 be done.

In par- ticular, Q study made for the c0111-

Only known now, It ls

able ta note that, British men have lifted from the of the sea, where they had been sent by enemy action. 2,500,000 [0115 of shlps—250 ships of 10,000 [Qnsl each. Now those ships are as good as new and helping to battle illOlWhlCll the government would 11n-

enemy 11nd to bring supplies to dertake to purchase commodities the Wbiile aucl the armles ivhtcn at a set price. It would thus be- ufic Britain as a base. come the owner of quantities of Falls Review. produce whenever floor prices were

, ———— operative and would assume the hear the llttle cottage where responsibility of disposing of them. Col. John McCrae, writer of “I11 I‘ the periods of operation were F _ clds.” was born, a not too long-continued, the gov- melnbrlal ‘garden to the poet will erument might dispose of lts pur- be established, n dispatch from chases ivlthout. loss and without

—- Niagara

1f I Were askId-g define a gum] Cbmllbfly. I would say _- it is ,1 800d place to work. to sell to, m bu)’ from. to invest In and to have in a community. There are thous- ands of companies In Brltaln that will stand these flve tests. They Ere, the solid framework of cur business structure. Any scheme m- leglslatlon that will endanger such Companies will create unemploy. mfim 811d DOVBFW- There are some sily people abroad just now Who need to be told this. -- Efficiency Magazine, London, England,

difficulties of selling abroad at. a loss and meeting the objections of other countries to this practice. The other method Is that, of sub- skly. under whIcih the market would be allowed to fInd its own level, while the farmer would be com- pensated by payments representing the difference between the mar- ket price and the floor price. The advantage of this technique lies in allowing the price system to distribute tnc supply, and thus re- duclng the rtsk of piling up large surpIuseQ. From a general econ- omic point of view It has the fur- tuer advantage of sustaining farm purchasing power without keeping up prices to consumers.

Floor Prlces and Farm Income

One of the most astonlshini; re- cords of the war l5 found in m“. revelation that in the movement 0f 101900.000 British Army per- 5°m1°1 by sea up to the and [if September, only 2,978 lives were lost by enemy action, a iiumbg;

There are many who see In the which makes up only 1102i; m,» M,"

stabilizing I luence which a pru-

ernment to Influence the demand"

[One Ls the purchase method. under l

m S

l l

ale major

p; the total. Considering lllc ola- perly admtiil tered system of price

I

rate preparation the enemy fun made and the big start It had in both submarines and airplanes, this Is an astonishing achievement and ll W115 due not only to safe-guards maintained by the Royal Navy and ‘he R~A~F~ but l0 flood planning at the War Office. ——Sl11.|]t 59,9 Marie Star.

floors could exert upon

ward-lookir‘ farm policy. admit. that setting floor prices, at levels calculated to call forth the amounts of the various commodi- ties which the market may be ex- pected to lIlJSOTDRITIlBIIL gIve the farmer average prices over n per- Iod of years ltttle higher than those which would have resulted from a free market. But they point out that the benefits In terms of Increased security and ef- ficiency would be substantial-the provision o! an assured market at an assured price, the uitftInB W government agricultural officials of the task of assessing probable demands, the assumption by the government of the risks Involved 1n this predlctlon, and finally the assurance that ruinous prIce de- clines would not be allowed to oc- cur.

Floor-price programs, however, cannot be expected to solve the entire farm-Income problem. As has been pointed out. above. dif- ficulties immediately arise when they are employed with the prim- . ary objective of raising farm 1t:- comes. The price mechanism, ap- propi-Iate for guldtng production, cannot perform this function el- fectlvely If the attempt. Ia made

In a W011i! of horror and ugll- ness. and pflizun darkness, It. Is riot, ask the cynlcs, “sheer mockery to observe Christmas this stxtli year 0f a great 11nd terrible war"? And the answer? Simply this —- one of the things we are fighting f0!‘ 1S "ml there may always be B. Christ- mas: s0. whatever the effort this YORI‘. we must observe It. for the Sflke of the past and lihe future. It ls not. that we should be satis. fled to keep Christmas by reveli-y and feasting. Rather should we reflect, on itsltrue significance. It Is. says one. ‘a sample day put In by God’ to keep the world from YOWHB- We cannot. afford to let. Christmas so. We shall always need It untIl its helpfhl spirit Is merged forever In the everyday of ltfe. Tlll then, may the home res. tlval of Christmas stlll be the prin- Olual method o1 celebrating the dalfl-Jrhillfax Herald

Constant compkllntg u; heard about having to start out. from home these mornings while It. t5

still dark, says the Edmonton to use It, simultaneously for In- Journal. But. very real compensa- come-raising purposes. ttons are found bv some people. One authority has said, “Until

One of them tells of what pleasure It glves him to keep his B5 he Walks along and looks at Casslopetws Chair In the north- iiorthwest and Orion riding to the west. Then, before the journey to work ls completed, the eastern sky may be Illiunlnuted. Haw could anybody fall to be deeply moved by the beauty of the sunrises that have ushered In fine winter days

the problem of,..uutdtng produc- tlon and the problem of Improv- Lng the distribution of Income are separated and seen as two duittnut Issues. no ratfnnal economic solu- tlon can be forthcoming." This statement does not imply a neglect of the farm-Income problem. The attainment of a measure of equal- Ity In living standards between rural and non-rural sections of the

chIn up

°l lflle- Min)’ had never wttuesserl oommunlty Ia . ’ as a legttt- lUCh displays until the introduction mate objective of farm policy. But 0f daylight saving and on that nc- supplementary res. 011N160

count they ought to be grateful that the clocks were moved ahead 11s a war measure. After all, It Is B ftreflt deal better to see lovely sun-

the floor-price program, appear to be the most. effective means of working towards It — measures wlilch could be carried out with-

prlces. In the minimizing of the ted risks and uncertainties which have, 9°\1nl_91"°59"5l‘/E characterized farming as un Indus» T1183’ V9 , _ “y, a valuame element in a for. thing. Sure sources of lnformudca They" agree that Germanys rapidly de- teriorating resources ure vastly In- ferior In all categories to those of Thu". equally true of manpower and materlel.

the Allies.

ent drive.

farm Germans up

their