HASZARD’S GAZETTE, OCTOBER 5.

IIWS BY THE ENGLISH HAIL Latest Dates, Sept. 17th

HOSTILITIIS IN THE EAST.

auacrioa or was ‘IIIIIIBII isoniricirioits av aussla-visrr or ‘ran aitraaoa inciso- Las T0 ‘III IIIIIOI or AUITIIA. The Em ‘ r of Russia has rejected the Turkish modifications of the Note which he had accepted at the suggestion of the fbur powers. He abides‘-by the Vienna note. and promises to evacuate the Principalities if the Ports accepts it pure and sun is. The Emperor himself was_to rocee at once to Warsaw, where we she I probably .1913 soon his arrival and on tbs Q3 of this month he is to meet the Empe- ror of Austria at Olintltz. He will be ac- companied _by Count Ncsselrode and Baron Moyenderff. The Czar’s original demand was for a poipr of interference in the affairs of his neighbour, which would practically have u et the independence of the Sultan altoget er. The refusal of this impiident request was made the retext for seizing upon Walacbia and Mo davia ; an aggres- sion which so aroused the voice of public opinion that Governments of England and rance were compelled to insist upon the keepi of treaties. The Muscovite had not ca culatcd upon any such resistance. He knew his admirer and friend Lord Aber- deen was Premier in England, and he calcu- lated that the oceu ant of the Tuileries was too unpopular an too isolated from the Court of St. James’s to dare say much about any Autocrstic interferences with outlying portions of Europe. In all such calculations the Russian was wrong. One general shout of indignant reproach was sent ringing across Europe towards ‘St. Petersburg. ' culties were bristling across his path more thickly than he reck- oned on, when his dependant, the Emperor of Austria, proposed to negociate the set- tlement of a quarrel which the Czar felt himself not strong enough at once to fight his way through. Making a virtue of ne- cessity, the expected proposal was accep- ted. For Nicholas to intimate his willing- ness to listen to the suggestions of Austria, backed by rhe Cabinets of London and 0 Paris, was simply for Nicholas to get time to look about him how next he might best help his own ends. Into the note, there- fore, to be sent from Vienna was carefully put a few crafty passages which the Sultan could not adopt in an unmodified form. The modifications would of course have to travel for days northward before they could reach the Czar. Here again was more de- lay; more time gained, more opportunity for fishing out which was the best way to steer for conquest in the East. The requiate elucidations of the Vienna note having reached St. Petersburg, “ The Czar rejects the Turkish modifications—but abides by the Vienna note and promises to evacuate the Principalities if the’ Porte accepts it pure and simple.” e wants still more time. He cannot yet decide. He dares not defy England and F rance—at least, not yet —by refusing altogether to draw back from the invaded soil. He will not bring matters to an issue by upsetting altogether this Vi- enna note. So he simply rejects the mo- - dification, and gets time. What next ? It may be that his calculations involve a spe- culation u n the chances of England and France not continuing to stand firmlg to their declared policy of supporting the ul- tan ; it may be that he desires to get oppor- tunity for strengthening his armies of inva- sion, hitherto decimated by fever in the Principalities ; it may be that he waits only for winter to push forwards towards Adrian- ople. Should it, after all, come to real blows,it will be a charming illustration of the Biter Bit. These artfully contrived delays, these craflily-considered schemes, prove more useful to the invaded than the invader. It is quite likely to be so. In June the Czar had everything prepared for war- the Sultan was taken completely aback. Now the latter may not unfairly be consi- dered the stronger of the two on the Danube, when wetake into account the relative dis- advantage under which an army labours when having to overcome well-manned fort- resses. Then a sin, the Russians are drawn to the fiel to fill the ranks of the Autocrat as sheep are dragged to the slaughter-house, whilst ths Turks are wil- ling‘ to enlist, and are willin to fight with hearty will for their faith. Any hos- tilities t at may take place, must for weeks, or s even months, he confined with- in a ran e not veg far distant from one or other s e of the snuhe—and the mastery of that stream may be very valuable to the Turks. Ifthe fleets enter the Black Sea, that nmstery of course may be bad. The friends of the despot will of course say the Sultan has but fIl0,ll)0 effective mes, whilst the Russian has perhaps a million. But the Turks all defending their own soil, whilst the forces of the Cast mud contri- bute an. army for Cirsassia, another for Poland, and .a third: to watch oaths side of ' about tha'didafl'ec- up 5;; 3h intgnor, who a_t.iin_ses~hsve shown themselves ready for mischief. sup- position that winter would ‘necessarily stop ctive 0. Somoo

Ainidd all Russo- Turkisli Cleiilty, atlesstoasthisgisssr- taip. It -B. ml“ Clar is satoto push forward Kb hide!‘ I045 ll! wxllfisl. vsiilssslflsadsad. raucous tm .t0.tha.8w|tIn. -use is»iIio.1siomis at‘ rcsmppsfiu. ‘he Czar, pqgg,hL‘wq[,'dI.‘lI‘ 3 VII‘; MIC y,pha_ y _ ths Std of tho

Cabinet on one point—-namely,‘ his perso- nal ascendency over the young Emperor Francis Joseph ; and it is evident that the approachin visit to Oliiiutz is intended to detach the head of the Austrian monarchy fiom the traditional policy of his em ire, and from the counsels of his western allies.

The interview, therefore which the Empe-

ror of Austria will shortly be called upon to hold is one of no common moment to him- self and to hispeople. The geographical position of Austria gives her an influence and interest which no other Power can pos- sess in the regions of Lower Danube and the provinces south of that stream. As long as she remains determined to prevent the inroads of northern armies beyond that barrier the Turkish Empire cannot be over- run, for she takes in flank the whole power ofthe invader. But if Austria, faitliless to her traditional policy and her permanent interest, ever allows herself to participate in projects hostile to the independence of those countries, she removes the bai-rier of the East, and no direct interference ofthe other States could rescue-. those countries from invasion by the two great military monarchies of the continent. She might ain Bosnia and the Herzegowina—a slen- der compensation for the extension Russia would acquire; but by the same rule her possessions in Italy would be exposed to the utmost danger, and the peace of Europe would be at an end.

WARLIKE PREPARATIONS IN TURKEY.

The levy of 80,000 men of the second class of the militia continues with rest ac-

defence. It wears to be the opinion of the reporting cars, that on the first shock there is not much doubt of the Turkish troops having the advantage. The Russian Commissarist is gcnerall very had, little or no cars being taken o the men, who are regarded as of no more value, perhaps not so much, as brute beasts, whose loss in the field, or in quarters, can be easily supplied from an almost inexhaustible source; and this shameful neglect is the cause of the maladies which are sure to break out when Russian soldiers are collected in great numbers. This will no doubt ive a great advantage to the Turks. Affairs certainly daily assume a more be ioese aspect as

the following will ahow:—It is stated that

Oiner Pacha has addressed a letter to Prince

Gortschakcff complaining that the Russian

gun-boats approached too near the ri ht

bank ofthe Danube, and kept the Turkish

fortification unnecessarily vigilant. Afler requesting that orders to prevent this unpleasantness should be given, as the

Turkish gunners mi ht feel themselves compelled to fire on t em. he Russian Commander-in-Chief wrote on the back of the letter. “ Cannon-shot will be answered by cannon-shot."

DAN UBIAN PRINCIPALITIIQ.

Bucnisssr, Ssrr. 4.—Prince Gortscha- kofi‘ has held a review of the Russian troops. The Hospodar, Stirbey, had received an “invitation to attend. e sent an excuse. The Russian Commander-in-chief has ad- dressed an order of the day to the troops, in which he praises and exhorts them to

tivity, and large detachments o recruits are on their march to join the army ofthe Danube. Orders have been issued for the formation of a reserved corps ut Adrianople, under the orders of Mehemct Ru'chdi Pasha, chief ofthe Imperial Guard. On the 30th of August the Sultan held a review of the Egyptian troops. The members of the French-embassy were present. On the special demand ofthe representatives of the foreign Powers, the Sultan has adjourned the publication of his manifesto, in which he appeals in the most bellicose language to the nation. he manifesto is, in fact, really and truly a declaration of war.

mar Pasha’s soldiers insist on fighting the Russians. e cannot overcome this resolution, and there is reason to fear that the ardour of the troops will interfere with the negotiations. The corps of General Luders, which hitherto had been stationary in Bessarabia, crossed the Russian frontier into Moldavia on the 28th of August. On that day one regiment marched in and two more followed on the 59th, and entered Braila. Other troops are to follow.

THE TURKISH FORTII-‘ICATIONS AT VARNA.

R.l."l‘H$U('K, on THE DANUBE, AUG. l3.— The 'l'urks have erected immense fortifica- tions at Varna—so immense, indeed, as to render the place indefensible, except by a garrison of from 12,01!) to 15,000 m n. It is said that the Russians got the present plan adopted by intriguing with the person who superintended the defences of Varna, and I can well believe that it was the work of the enemy. The defect is, that it is nearly twice the extent necessary, which more than doubles the difficulties of defence. Iremained one a at arna, and set oil‘ on the following morning. I have seldom seen a more beautiful and fertile country than that between the ac Sea an Sehumla. The soil is surprisingly fertile, and there are immense quantities of grain standing in the fields, but I was told that the teams necessary to get it in had all been pressed into the service of the Government, and large quantities must rot in conse- quence. The next morning afler my arri- val at Schumla, I called upon his Excel- lency Omer acha, who received me with the greatest courtesy; and upon my ex- resaing a desire to see the troops and de- fences of the place, he ordered horses for us, and sent with us an orderly oflicer, and an escort of cavalry. You can form some idea of the extent of the fortifications when I tell you that we were from eleven o'clock in the morning until five in the afternoon riding from battery, to battery, and that we even then did not visit more than half the works erected and in progress for the de- fence of the place. Seventeen forts are at present moment in construction. Schum- Ia is naturally strong, occupying the bottom of a ravine with high hills on three sides of it, upon which are strong batteries, and the entrance of this cul de we is guarded by a cordon of field wo ks and batteries, occu- pying the arc of th circle from the base of one bill to the base of the other. By this you see the place is susceptible of a very vigorous defence, and er acha seems to rest the whole fate of the war (should there be one) upon the strength of Schumla. Besides the soldiers,‘ he keeps more than 2,000 country people employed’ u ii the works, who are constantly under is own superintendence. EFFICIENCY OI" TH! TURKISH ARIY.

A lengthy report bu been addressed to the French Minister at War by two French otficsrs, for some time past employed in the Turkish service. They report on the state of the army it a pearance, its discipline, and its skill. in e use of the musket, in terms of commendation, and show that the Turks are is a mesh halter military condi- tion than irregular ' Saltaa are also ofas hshg ‘well adaptsdfhr the service which ti-oseorpssre gener- slly called uponto ' posed that iathc svsat cfbcdilhiss breaking

' Opal‘-‘

so 3' O

d'oad,and'Iisantic's- stlensraaa!

wfififlfifl

remain faithful to their oath and to the Czar. The order concludes with the following words,—“ Russia is called to annihilate paganism, and those who would oppose her in that sacred mission shall he annihilated with the pagans. Long life to the Czar! Long life to the God of the Russians!”

RUSSIA AND TURKEY. (From the News of the Worki.)

The crisis we have so long forescsii is at length approaching. N icholss has rejected the modified Note of the Turkish Divan ; and it is even added (with what accuracy we cannot avouch)thst, not content with a simple rejection of the Note, he has significantly intimated that the time for any further negocistiun is ast. his, if true, amounts, in point of fact, to an open declaration of war; and the commencement of hostilities on the banks of the Dsnubamay in consequence be hourly locked

or.

We incline to the belief, however, that, un- mistskeable as the ultimate designs of the Czar unquestionably are, he will not yet deem it ru- dent to proclaim them in sofplain and decided a manner as to deprive himsel ofthe advantages which he may fairly calculate on acquiring from a prololigstiiili of the ehecquered msscs of irreco- luie negocistion in which Europe has involved itself on the part of the Port t. therefore, that he has not yet gone to the length attributed to him, and that, in rejecting the modified Note of the Divan, he has still left the door open for a renewal and extension of that wesrisoine diplomacy in whic ths insdistory Powers have been so long andso fruitlessly en- gsged. It is to be remembered, that, whilst Europe medilatei, Nicholas advances. and that at every point at which segociation halls, he dex- terously contrives to gain a forward step on his march to the Golden Horn. It is scsrcely pio- bsble, therefore. that he will boin any hurry to proclaim his intention of seizing by violence what he is already as securely gaining by the led hazardous arts ofdissimulution and fraud.

' ‘he question however, that now presents itself is ihus—Ilussia rejects the terms of meditation proposed by Europc—will Europe suggest fresh terms? and will the Ports,‘ as s princi al in the dispute, consent to any other condition i an those now rejected! Whatever the disposition of Europe may in this matter, we believe that the Port has taken his final stand upon the terms of the nu'e last presented and that it will reso- lutely resist, even to the last extremity of war, even effort that may be made to extort further con- cessions from it. Turkey is rfectlyjusiifiedin ss- sunning such a position. ' ‘he plain justice of the case is that Russia has no right to any note at all. Upon what pretense does she demand it‘! Is she entitled to it by the stipulations of any treaty? Does any principle of international law give her a claim to it! No human being who has the slightest knowledge of history, or of the law of naiions can answer either of these ques- llonl in the aflirmativc. We concur, therefore, with a contemporary when he says,“ The more demand of any note on the pan of Russia was in itself an act ofinsoleut nu rcsiicn. Followed up by the piracy commitie upon the Dsnubisn Principalities, it was an act of lawless might.” If Turkey. yielding to the interposition of the l-.ui-opesn Powers, did not instantly resent this insolent demand and this pirsticsl aggression, that circumstances, if there be a particle of honour surviving in the councils of European statesmen, cannot now he suffered to operate to bar disadvan- tage. Early in the discussion, the Port took its stand upon the unanswersbls princi Is that one Sovereign cannot demand from snot er indepen- dent Sovereign the signature to any note, unless he can show that some treaty authorises him to require it, or .tbst some principle of national law entitles him to it. ussis liss wholl failed in sdducing any proofs of that nature. or demand ‘therefore (as a public writer has aptly described it) is the mere act of the bully, who would walk up to In inolensivs bystander and say, "sir, it‘

on do not make me an sbjectspology, I will

nook you down.” If we follow cut the illus- tration, and say that Turkey, instead of answering the ruflisn by a blow, forbearisg replied, " Sir,

am quite read to assure you meant as no offence, and fun er. ldo not intend too r on any, we place before our readers a compote picture of the nature of this quarrel, sad the poition in which it now stands.

Whit the next step in the drains may tie, it is dificuli it this moment to sosjsoiars. All will depend upon the roster or less amount of hardi- hood with which icholasma venture to proceed in the prosecution of his designs. For the ve- sent we believe he would wllllagly defer the actual commencement of hostilities; but from I

. sdjasisdwlihosi an appeal tothd

0 III.

Cuaus Dniovm, an lahpsrats wblts man, convicted of flvplpahoy, at (hrendelet, near St. Innis was at auction at the court house 'dsor,ln the latter cl . on the on i.m..i..

' the sum of to aim! sq méumpalm

naszaairs eaznrrn. Wednesday, October ofiual M

HOITICVLTURAL SHOW.

In our last we pledged ourselves to ‘give a more detailed account of the Charlo town Horticultural Society's Autumnal Exhibition; we now redeem pledge. It was highly gra- tifying to every member of the Society to hear the universal exclamations of sur rise an

leasure which the sight of the Fruit elicited ll-mi every one, ung and old. Nor was it less satisfactory to isten to the criticisms on the superior excellence of the Vegetables, and

u of the flowers, for it roves that the taste or Horticulture, in its di rent branches, is on the increase, and is becoming rapidly de- veloped smong all classes. It is an encourage- ing circumstance, and will land, we trust. to stimulate the Social to persevere, that every exhibition exceeds t e former of its kind, as well in the number of competitors as in the in creased variet , size, flavor and goodness, 0 the articles 0 cred for competition, a decided proof, in our opinion, that augmented know- edge accompanies the growing taste of the pie. The list of Competitors gave 78 individu- als who contributed, 153 dishes of fiuit, 197 specimens of Vegembles enumerated in the So- ciet ‘a printed list, and 22not enumerated, in I11 I3; I0 Bouquets of Flowers grown in the open air, and upwards of 50 Flower Plants in pots and boxes. This last department is the only one which falls short of previous shows: one reason has already been given for this; the want of suficient funds—w which we me add another, via.—the sharp frost with whic the grdens had been previously visited, as well as

a circumstance of most of the house plants being, at this season, out of flower.

The only Grapes cxhihitcil were from the cold grapery of the Hon. Charles Young—for- merly tie Ion. '1‘. ll. lliiviland——thcy were scarcely ri , a fortnight hence will see them in full per ection and in as great profusion as can be well imagined in the same space. N that glass is so moderate in price, and the fact that th white and black gru. s can be raised here without artificial heat, aving been esta- blished,we confidently look forward to a great in- crease in the article of gra s, as well as of the introduction of Peaches, ectarines, Apricots, die. On ‘this subject it is our intention to cxpati-

&c., and showing the benefits to be dgrived from the ssession of a glass hoitse. Tliorc were 8 dis es of Pears, and, as it ha pcned, no two alike. The specimen that too prize, was in due eating order. middle sized but rich and juicy ; Mr. Bryanton intends innltipl '- ing the variety, by grafting, and will soon lie enabled to ispose of some. Those exhiliited y Mr. Cairns were also of a very superior quality, as is one which was before noticed in a former number of this Gazette ; he has an excellent keeping pear which was recommen- ded for a prise. \'e trust that those of our readers who may have gardens will not fail to pay r. Cairns a visit this fall, or next spring. and secure a tree or two of each. u writer of this has no hesitation, in recommending Mr. Cairns as one whose word may be relied upon, and who will not recommend a bad article. We re at that we did not enquire, as was our intention, the names of the various specimens, as well as those of the Hon. Mr. Bull, and Mr. Sta hen Bo or. We have no hesitation in say , that e Apples were the crowning glory of the Exhibition, and we full concur in the o inion expressed by the judges “ that tho Ap- p es are of such a superior character that the lid extreme diilicnlty in awarding the prizes; ' and we trust also, that this declaration will be soms compensation to the unsuccessful com - titers. In fact, a great many were so equa l matched that it was almost impossible to say which was the best. We particularl noticed some by Charles Popp, Esq., of St. eanor’s; and ii. box sent by r. James Fraser of the same place. There were other specimens also, whose owners, owing to our time being taken up with various duties, we were unable to ascertain, which otherwise we should be happy to particularize. Those who have been omitted must not, however, be discouraged, but perse- vere, as there is no telling how, in su case as that mentioned by the judges, where all are good, the prizes may be awarded next car. We must not omit to mention that Mr. ark had, as usual, 9. large variety 3 and we are leased to learn, and to make known, that e a some hundreds of grafted trees to dispose of. We observed a marked difference in the show of plums between this and last year. It has been hitherto erroneously su posed, that the finer sorts of the Plum tri would not flourish here. and the consequence has been, that very few have been planted: hence, to a certain dc , the comparative meagreness of the disp y; but there were other reasons-some, and some very fins ones, to our knowledge, owing to the propitious weather, were out of season; others, and feel indi sat at being obliged to write it-— were sto on from the treesa ni htor two re- vious to the day of the show ; added to which, ' the fact that some a tain m-com ting for fear of a similar danger attending the notoriety which the exhibition would occasion. This is an evil which will, we trust, be amended at the next session of the Legislature. As to the Vegetables, we much doubt whether they could be surpassed by the amateur gardens —-and we have as ct no others—in an of the Colonies. The can iflowerswere tolerab y good, but last year's show presen a greater num- bet, and finer specimens; this we attribute, in a t measure, to the extreme dr ness of a part of the season, which caused t e Brocoli and Cauliflower to head prematur/sly. Ams- teur gardens are too s rin of liquid manure on such occasions, e rossica tribe all nire lies of moisture and a lsatifiil allowance o manure; but the ali- wer and Brocoli most so of any; they are, in Gardner's language, “ great attons.” There were 72 heads of Cabhagas s own, and those who mw them must confess that we ve no occasion to encourage the imporhtion of these articles from the States or elsewhere; neither ought we to send so much money to the same qiiartsr for lie article of Onions Those