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THE DAILY EXAMINER, - - -

on

EDITORIAL, CORRESPONDENCE. The Great Northwest,

CONCLUDING

REMARKS,

Havine now traversed Canada and made and comments for the benefit Tue Examiner, I may, reasonably, be expected to give, in a con- cluding letter, some general remarks about the country at large and the circumstances under which its people live. | may as well say, first as last, that for mixed farming and good comfortable living on the farm, | have seen no spot on earth that I consider better, on the whole, than Prince Edward Island. Nor would I ad- vise anyone enjoying good health, who has a goud farm ora good business stand here, to break up his household and go West. But to those who have not farms here, to those who are not yet prosperous in business, te those who feel that they are obliged to make a move for the benefitof their health, to those who find that they are too large in mind and aspiration to remain within the narrow bounds of their Island home, to all those Islanders who, forene reason or another, must emigrate—I uuhesitatingly say, try, first, what you can do within your own country, and how _ the other part—the larger but not the better part—of your own cuuntry will suit you.

You will find room and verge enough within the bounds of three millions of square miles—variety, in soil and climate, enough to test to the utmost your powers of dis- crimination; and the low rates of passage by the I. C. R. and the C. P. R. will en- able you to see and examine the country without very great expense. You can ob- tain a ‘* stop over ticket,” and get off the train at any point, and there is at every station a livery stable where excellent horses can be hired,—so that, subject only to considerations of time and money, you can carry on your investigations at your own sweet will.

There is not, it must be admitted, much to attract an agriculturist along the line of railway, betweea here and Winnipeg. You will pass by some of the richest mines and the best timber in the world, but not many fertile farms that can be obtained on easy terms. West aad South and North of Winnipeg there are, however, millions of vcres ,of arable fertile ‘and—virgin soil ready for the plough of the pioneer. A tine dark loam covers the face of the whole country, and under it to the depth of many feet there is » yellowish gray clay or gravel- ly subsoil.

No question has been or can be the quality of the soil—as a whole. But it is in some parts much heavier and much better than it isin others. The im- migrant would do well to select his land with fully as great care as if he were about purchasing a farm in this Province, and there are conditions as to supply and quality of water which are much im- portant to be overlooked. Before taking a homestead the settler should make sure that good water is easily available ; for I was informed that there are farmers in the Northwest who occasionally suffer incon- venience and loss on this account.

The Government have opened up the mile belt on each side of the C. P. R. to homestead and pre-emption; and the condi- tions on which land can be obtained throughout the Northwest are now unques- tionably more liberal than in any other | part of the world. A man can choose and take fur himself a homestead of one hun-

s lew notes readers of

raised

ai tO

too

food

on the farm as their white brethren ; and the purchase of their hay, beef, etc., at market prices at once gratifies their cupid- ity and ambition, and spurs themon to imitate the methods of successful farmers. A large proportion of the workmen on the great Bell Farm is drawn from the neighboring Indian Reserve, and the school at Fort Qu’Appelle is an object lesson in civilizing the savage, which is not likely to be lost upon the missionaries of Protestant denominations. have heard thatseveralmis- sionaries intend, following the example of Father Hugenaur to establish schools similar to his, and so get the Government grant t» aid them in Stheir work and obtain means of teaching the young Indians how to work as good citizens, as well as how to worship the true God as g od Christians.

The Canadian North-west is not, of course, without its drawbacks. Of these, the gophers and the prairie fires are con- trollable by human agency, and will, ‘no doubt, soon be things of the past. But J see no reason to suppose that there will not occasionally — perhaps once in a decade —be a dry spring and summer to wilt tle crops, or an early frost to prevent them from fally maturing. But a system of mixed farming, the sowing of early varieties of wheat, and improved tillage as the result of experience, will, I am convinced, pre- vent disaster from both these evils. Much is expected from the early establishment of an experimental farm, on which expert- ments will be made in the productiva of cereals, roots, fruit and ornamental trees, etc., with a view to obtaining varieties suit able to the soil and climate of the country; and it is hoped, with good reason, that fruitful and beautiful farms, and comfort- able homesteads will, ere long, cover the face of the great prairie of Canada.

The people of the Northwest are, at all events, full of hope and confidence. Cer- tainly we have in it a large fertile and healthful country—a country in which there is at present neither fever nor agita- tion, but health and vigor ‘‘ throbbing in its steady pulse.” W. L. C.

a

———————

Temperance. E.WHITMAN PREACHES TO MEN, Rev. E. Wuirman delivered a powerful sermon on Temperance last evening in the Baptist Church. He chose as his text: ‘**It is good neither to eat flesh nor drink wine, nor any other thing whereby thy brother is made weak or trembleth.’’ In beginning, he said that a great deal of com- mon sense was required to bring about a reformation in the drinking habits of society, and no body of men required it more than the temperance advocates them- selves. The day of slander and vitupera- tion has gone by, and we are called upon to use the more Christian weapon of kindness and argument. He remarked that men would not be made sober by an act of par- liament or the aid of the police force.. The gentle influence of love should supply the weapons. Our young men can only be made secure against the vice of intemper- ance by means of a godly courage which will make them abhor the wrong and choose the right on account of the benefit the right brings. A_ striking contrast was made between the happy and contented home of the abstainer, and the wretched hovel of the drunkard. Said the preacher: ‘**God has created numerous rippling springs of pure water, but has never placed a fountain of alcohol on earth.” A man does not take naturally to intoxicants as he will to and water. He has to cultivate the taste; and when sipping his first glass of rye makes a very wry face. But the appe- tite grows upon him until at !ast he proves

REV. OUR YOUNG

dred and sixty acres for nothing except the |

cost of making out the papers, which | secnre his title; and he can claim

i preemption over one hundred and/|

sixty acres lying beside it, for which he will | be asked to pay (when he is able to do so) | little more than a nominal sum per aere. —| so that he can have a farm of three hun-

dred and twenty acres, of his own choosing,

at a total cost of between $200 and $300.

The present Minister of the Interior has won golden opinions throughout the Terri- tories by reason of his judicious and reason- able management of ‘‘ Homesteads ” and ** Pre-emptions,” andthecareful attention he gives to the interests of those who are within the purview of his depart ment. While in the Northwest, I conversed freely with persons of every condition; and t hough { have heard a great deal in his praise, no man said to mea single word against the Hon. Thomas White.

It is but just that I should also bear tes- timony tothe fact that 1 heard no coi: plaint whatever about the administration of the Governor, Mr. Dewdney; nor do I think there would be an outcry,on the part of the country, if Mr. Dewdney were given a second term inthe gubernatorial office. A gentleman informed me that *‘no man has been traduced to a greater extent than Mr. Dewdney” ; and in view of the content- ment, and peace, and security which pre- vail throughout the Territories, I feel strongly inclined to give the fullest credit to the statement. A bad administ ration, such as we have been told that the North- wast is afflicted with, could not p ossibly have produced such good results. In the four weeks L was in the Territories 1 heard but one man make complaint against Mr. Dewdney, and the ground of his c omplaint was that he was stricter than his pre- decessor in the issue of ** permits .”

As to “the Indian problem,” it is, in my opinion, already more than half solved, as a result of the judicious manage ment of the Government and its officials, of whom Gov- ernor Dewdney is the head. After all we have heard, it will scarcely be cr edited that persons living in the immediate vicinity of Indian Reserves, with Indians about them every day, do not deem it necessary to lock their doors at night. A gentleman living at Qu’ Appelle said to me, “My wife em- ploys Indian women in our house, and In- dian men are constantly seen about the town, and I never lock the house door.” I repeated the statement in the hearing of a prominent resident of Fort Qu’Appelle, and he at once said: **I never lock my door either—though my wife is a very ner-

vous little woman, and Indians and half- breeds are constantly about the house.” The efforts of the Government to civilize the Indian and teach him to work, are evidently beginning to tell already. The tarms of some of the more advanced Indians are even now self-sustaining. The idea of bringing their products into competition with those of the white man is, in my opinion, @ capital one ; for it proves to them in a practical way that they can, if

that *‘ it biteth like a serpent and stingeth like an adder.

The preacher said he could not find words to express his disgust at the, cowardly, mean and malicious manner in which the Stipendiary Magistrate and his force had been traduced. Certainly they are sup- posed to carry out all existing laws, but they could not be expected to shoulder the whole responsibility. It was the duty of the churches and our citizens to see that all laws were obeyed. But, said he, if to- morrow morning at nine o'clock every dram shop inthe city were closed, you would : find others opened an hour after- wards, As to the working of the Scott Act,—it had been tested for eight years, a term long enough to make it successful if it could be enforced. He would say; ‘* If the Seott Act cannot prove efficient, then, in God’s name, obtain some other law which will serve the purpose. If the great evil of intemperance cannot be killed out- right we should restrict it, and so make it less productive of sin and misery.” In conclusion, he urged the congregation to form habits of total abstinence—not only for the benefit it would bring themselves, but the assistance it would render some feeble brother who might be ‘‘ weak and stumble.”

Insurance.

We see from the Insurance and Finance Chronicle of Montreal, that a large number of Insurance Companies are now doing

ing information relative to their respective standings. Most of these Companies are doing business in this Province, and for the information of our readers we condense from the axticle above referred to the following particulars :

Assets, The Liverpool and London and Globe,

t R PitzGerald, Agent............. $37 600,000 North British and Mercantile, F. W.

ee ee SP a 35,130,000 Royal, John McEachern, Agent......... 28,174,000 Guardian, Carvell Bros., Agent......,... 19,500,000 London Assurance, not represented

WE. ct'seeiscadee4 its ce eae cd 17,108,000 Scottish Union and National, A 8S

NG - iin ii aso cns scan és 16,407 000 Northern, not represented here.......... 15,626,000 Commercial Union, A S Urquhart,

MO i oie Betas cso kbinksc ances 11,986,000 Astna, not represented here ........... 9, 260,000 Imperial, F T Newbery, Agent.......... 8,987,000 Lancashire, A S Urquhart, Agent,..-++. 7,090,000 Queen, James DesBrisay, Agent........ 5,970,000 Vhenix of Brooklyn, John McEachern,

Agent, De ess eccdesscevecercosecsere tener 4.910.000 Hertford, F T Newbery, Agent........ ++ 4,745,000

Norwich Union, not represented here.. 4,

London and ‘Lancashire, John Me-

DE a. ee ee 3,020,000

National of Ireland, not represented ck voeut til cc: ehh ies: Vs sonuaece 2,789,000

City of London, John McKachren,Agent FireInsurance Association,not represent-

1,710,000

ed here..... tuthedksials Civsihc suns . 1,335.000 Western, H Haszard, Agent,............ 1,201,000 British America, AS Urquhart, Agent, 1,134,000

* RANKS, Assets. Mom ol WiGNOOE ios 5 .0. 000965 videvee $44,336,000 Bank of British North America........ 11,038,000 Bank of Nova Scotia.......... at cimbinech 6.126.000 Merchants Bank of Halifax, N S...... 3.785 090 Bank of New Brunswick .........-...+ 2,630.0 0

they chodse,; dv ax well, oF almost as weil,

Halifax Banking Conmpamy o.4.6..0.0... 2433,000

business im Canada... It gives some intereést- 4

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

Our Fisheries.

Sir,—In view of the approaching Fishery Commission, the Gloucester papers, I ob- serve, are urging United States fishermen to call meetings and sign petitions protest- ing against giving Canadians the free right to United States markets in fish and fish oils, as under the late Washington Treaty. Gloucester and Maine fishermen, it would seem, are a greedy lot. They want a bar- gain struck that will give them valuable privileges, and in return for these privi- leges they are unwilling to grant the small- est concession. The treaty of 1818 is a bad treaty, they say. It may be bad for them in some respects, but it is all the better on that account for Canadian fishermen. If I were a Commissioner—a Canadian Commis- sioner, | mean—-there is one section of that treaty, and only one, which J would feel willing to cancel. I refer to the purchasing of supplies from our farmers and traders. Americans might be allowed to purchase supplies while on our coast fishing, but all the rest of the treaty should be adhered to, unless, indeed, they come down handsome- ly in trade concessions,

There is one thing the Americans ought noite get at any price, and that is, the privilege of catching mackerel with: seines within the three mile limit. Seining is a

modern invention for killing fish, and was’

not taken into account when the 1818 treaty was agreed to. For my part I would much rather see the Americans kept out- side the limit even if they were to agree to go back to the hook and line plan of fish- ing. But if they must fish near shore, and are willing to give us free potatoes, horses, &c., in their markets in payment for the privilege, they should be limited to certain modes of fishing, and seining should not be permitted at any price. Our fisheries are invaluable; and all the money in the U. S. Treasury should not tempt us to throw them open to Americans to be destroyed in a year or two by a system of wholesale seining as objectionable to our shore fisher- men as it is profitable, while it lasts, to those engaging in it. Yours, ISLANDER. Oct. 31, 1887.

The Bagpipes—Encore! Encore!!

Sir,—If your correspondent ‘‘ Celt,” in your last Thursday’s issue, had examined the history of ‘‘The Bagpipes” with re- gard to its antiquity, he would not so rashly have rushed into print.

Although I am a son of ‘* Auld Scotia,” and would most willingly exalt my native land in all that is noble and just and true, yet I must admit that the article in the Boston Musical Herald, so severely criti- cised by this ‘‘Son of the Heather,” is substantially correct in al] its details.

Mr. Pennant, an excellent authority on musical subjects, positively alleges that the bagpipes derive their origin from Italy or from Greece—that there is now in Rome a most beautiful basreliev, a Grecian sculp- ture of the highest antiquity, of a bagpiper playing on his instrument, exactly like a modern Highlander. On one of the coins of Nero, the Emperor of Rome, ‘A. D. 60, is the figure of the instrument, haying the bag and two pipes.

I cannot find any mention of the bagpiper in Scottish history before the latter part of the sixteenth century.

In.coaclusion, I must add that I prefer the sound of the pibroch to the music of ‘* Yankee Doodle.”

Yours truly, A Guatscow Lappig.

Oct. 29, 1887.

Grand Division Public Meeting.

A correspondent writes:—The public temperance meeting was held in the Metho- dist Church, Victoria. The singing was conducted by the church choir. William Ramsay, P. G. W. P. occupied the chair. Henry Wadman, Esq., in a happy address, welcomed the Grand Division to Crapaud. The address in reply was given by the newly-installed G. W. Patriarch, Simon W. Crabbe, Esq. Addresses were also given by the Rev. T. W. Johnson, Rector of Crapaud, David Rogers, otf Freetown, Rev. A. MeLean, of Tryon, John Ross, of Charlottetown, Rev. C. ©. Turner, of Bedeque, the Rev. George Steels, of Vernon River, James McCaul, Inspector for Prince County, and D, W. Henderson, Inspector for Queen’s County. A very pleasing scene occurred at this meeting, when James McKinnon, P. G. W. P., was presented with a beautiful National Divi- sion Regalia as a recognition of his services to the Order during his administration. The presentation was made by G. W. Patriarch J. J. Chappell, on behalf of the Grand Division. The coming Scott Act election in Charlottetown was the chief topic touched on by the different speakers. The salvation of the Act depends altogether on the amount of work done by the temperance men, and christian press of Charlottetown during the election cam paign.

scat caliente ttatinin

CAN YOU ASK FOR MORE PROOF ?-—Water ville, Me., Nov. 17, 1886. F. W. Kinsman & Co.—Gentlemen : ‘‘I have used your Adam- son's Botanic Balsam in my family for several yearsand have found it a very pleasant remedy to take, and most satisfactory indeed in relieving colds. Iam glad to recommend it to others. Yours truly, M. W. Sterling, Pastor Methodist Episcopal Church in Wate - ville, Me.” Trial bottles 10 cents. dy wy lw

Croprine ur Acary.—On Friday, reports the St. John Sun, Rev. Robert Wilson, Presi- dent of the Methodist Conference, was served with arule nisi obtained by L. A. Currey from a supreme court judge, for a writ of cer- tiorarito remove all the proceedings in the case of Rev. D. D. Currie to the supreme court for the purpose of quashing them and setting aside and annulling the decision of the Conference and Mr. Currie’s expulsion from the church and ministry.

—_——»————

Nor Trvs.—An alarming rumor was afloat in Quebec, on the 27th, to the effect that the steamer Miramichi, which plies between there and lower ports, had gone down with all on board, buton enquiry atthe office of the agent it was found no such news had been re- ceived. It is supposed the rumor arose from the Miramichi going aground on a mud bank at Summerside, P, E.L, onher down trip, but she got off without damage.—<S?t. John Telegraph. Messrs. Carvell Bros., agents for the Miramichi in this city, have received no advices as toany disaster overtaking the steamer, and consequently do not take any stéck in the alarming stories gbiny tht rounds.

Germany and Great Britain.

Germany has become Great Britain’s most formidable competitor for the trade of the world. two countries are very different. Britain trade is free, in Germany industry is protected. In Great Britain the work- man is agitating for higher pay and shorter hours of labor, in Germany mechanics are contented to work long hours for small pay. Nine hours is the British workman's day’s work, while the German toils twelve and fourteen hours a day for six days of the week, and in some places seven. Great attention is paid to the technica! education of the workman in Germany,while in Great Britain the government and the manu- facturers are only just awakening to the importance of giving the youth of the working classes industrial training. ,The Germans in order to encourage the sugar industry of their country are taxed to the amount of $10,000,000 a year to be given as bounties to the sugar manufacturers. The Germans are taxing themselves in many ways to give the world cheap clothes and cheap food, while the British are endeavor- ing to do the same thing without protective taxes. The race isa most important one, and the world is looking on with eager interest to see which will win. Germany at the present moment appears to be ing on her great cumpetitor, but the question is, can she keep up the pace ? .

+

Indian Summer. Whence falls this dreamy season like a spell, Easily a the weary earth? None can foretel = its advent or its close; but ah! the days Are full of mellow beauty ; and the haze Nestling on distant hill-tops and trees— T's smoke of phantom wigwams one sees ; Ah, t's Indian summer ! Season rare— Lurid, and fleeting sunshine, balmy air— Come earlier, since yo: may not last. Oh, too soon, we know the bright days will

be past,

Hence we cling to them, as some fond lover clings

Oft-times, toone he loves. Each note the

wild bird sings, Love me ; and in the short sweet afternoons Invoke the charm of vanished Junes. Can riches or fame a legacy bestow Such as the red man left us long ago?

J. M. C. Ch’town, 90ct 2th, 1887.

DIED.

In West Haven, New York, Sept. 30, after a pain‘ul illness of six weeks, which he bore with

atience, Mr, Charles Campbell, formerly of

onshaw, in the, 72nd yearof hisy age. He was born in the Isle of Skye, Scotland ; he emigrated to America in 1842 ; he lived a humble Christian Jife, beloved by ali who had the pleasure of his acquaintance. He leaves a widow, ten children, twenty-eight grand-children und a number of great-grand-children to mourn the loss of a kind loving husband and parent,

BLACK DIAMOND LINE

LAST TRIPS FOR THIS SEASON,

ix

For St. John's. Newfoundland.

Ss. S. “COBBAN”

will be due at Charlottetown about

TUESDAY, ist NOVEMBER.

5.8. BONAVISTA

will be due at Charlottetown about

TUESDAY, sth NOVEMBER.

SS. “COBAN’

will be due at Charlottetown about

These steamers will have room for produce under deck and carry cattle and sheep on deck,

For freight or pas8age apply to

PEAKE BROS. & CO.,

AGENTS, Oct. 29~3ins & 3aw tl nov22

Terpsichore Hall.

A DANCING SCHOOL for Ladies and Children will be opened in the above Hall on TUKS- DaY, Nov. lst..at4p. m., to be continued on Tuesdays and Fridays during the term.

Dumbbell and Deportment Exercises correctly

taught. E, BURRIS.

Ch’town, Oct. 29—2i wky li x

Horses, Carriages, &e¢.

BY Auction, TUESDAY. Nov. lst, at 1 o’clock, on the Market Sq uare,—

3 Herses,

4 Carriages,

4 Sleighs,

4 Sets Harness,

Buffalo Robes, &c., &c, Terms at sale. A. MCNEILL, Auctioneer.

Oct, 29, 1887.—2i

CLOSiNG-JUT SALz.

I AM instructed by Jos. Knight & Son. who are closing their business. to Sell by Auction,

WEDNESDAY, November 2nd, at 11 o'clock, at their store, Gre.t George Street,—-

Their entire s.ock of choice Groceries, Confec- tionery aud Fancy Goods, Paper Bags and Wrap-

ing Paper, W n3, Sieighs, Harness, Buffalo

obes, 1 light loven and a large variety of other articles.

Wagons, Sleizhs, &c., at 12 o’clock,

TgrMs—A)l sums over 850, 3 months, on ap- proved joint notes; under that amount, cash.

A. McNEILL, Auctioneer.

Ch’town, Oct. 29, 1887,—3i Fer SALE—One small Steam Ergine, used but ~ very little and in good repair; also. one up- right Steam Boiler, complete. They will hb. sold at a bargain. Enquire of the Charlotietown Woolen Co., City. aug’ tf

R SALE—Ninety Preference Shares in Char-

lottetown Gas Light Company. Apply to. R. F. DeBiois, Provine Building: . octis cod tf

ONDAY. OCTOBER 31. 1887. | re ee HUTA Y IM WRT ANT.

0-

All-wool Tweed (no shoddy) 50 cents a yard.

Men's All--ool Linders and Drawers, 60 cents.

All-wooi Top Shirts, 75 cents; Silk, Wool and Cashmere Mafflers, 35 cents, up,

Dent's Lined Kid Gloves, $1.00.

Meu’s Tweed Overcoats, $4.25.

Ladies’ French Kid 4-Clasp Gloves, 80 cents; Corsets, 40 cents.

- Heavy Carriage Blankets, Gentlemen's Furnishings, Trunks, Valises and Small Wares

at correspondingly low prices.

I Sell for Cash, and NEVER SHAUL BE UNDERSOL".

J. D. REID.

TRYON WOOLEN HILLS DEPOT, Cameron Block

Charlottetown, Oct. 31, |887—eod & wky tt

LONDON HOUSE

CLOTH SALE.

20: AVING closed up our Tailoring Department, we shall Seij our Splendid Stock of

Beavers, Pilots, Naps, Worsteds, Scotch Tweeds, English Tweeds,

Canadian Tweeds,

At from Twenty per cent. to Thirty-three and One-third per cent., Discount for CASH.

Smee

HARRIS & STEWART

SUCCESSORS TO

CEO, DAVIES & CO.

Ch’town, Oct. 21, 1887.—wky

NEW FALL gesBs |

a>]

J. B. MACDONALD.

Every department full of the Newest Goods,

Everything New in Ladies’ Dress Goods.

Everything New in Ladies’ Jackets,

Everything New in Ladies’ Hats and Trim- mings.

Tremendous Stock of Ready-made Clothing.

Every Inducement to Cash Buyers. Goods Bought Right. Our Prices will be found Lew.

—O—

J. Bo. MACDONALD,

Ch'tewn, Sept. 26, 87—dy wy—pat

nee —_——

THE LARGEST EXHIBITION

Cheap Diy Goods and Clothing

iN THE city.

esa

We Take First Prise for Cheapest and Best Goote,

penne i anibidndid> enue

OUR STOCK IS NOW COMPLETE. See our Wonderful Bargains in DRESS GOODS,

- e : S\CQUE CLOTHS,

c : : WOOLEN GOODS,

‘“é ‘“< ‘6 FUR GOODS, ‘

: _ - CLOTHS OF ALL KINDS,

IN EVERYTHING, ee

JAMES PATON & CO’S, Successors to W. A. WEEKS MARKET SQUARE

& C0.,

Ch'teown, Oct. 4, I887.—dy & wky