m

PAGE " c "THE GUARDIAN

Inning Dally (lauded ll lll!)

Authorised as luoourl Olln lull. Pelt Miles

Department, Ottawa The hluurl Guardian Publishing 0Q. . I Idltar and Managing Director, J. B. Burnet- Allrialate Ififltur, Irllk Walker. i-"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than

’ the Weakest ink." Cll/inuorrsrruwu, WEDNESDAY. MAncu o. 1942

Agricultural Price Supports

The Dominion Governmeiit cannot be said i0 have been prodigal in its authorized expenditures under the Agricultural Prices Support Act. Ac- cording to a return taibled in Parliameril. 0i the two hundred million dollars provided since 1944 for the purposes ofthe Act,only $4,557,547 has been expended, leaving some $196,574,350 51"" available. Net expenditures in the fiscal years 1946-47 and 1947-48 were recouped to the agri- cultural prices support fund by votes of Parlia- ~ment. _ _ _

Agricultural prod-ucts receivingsupport un- der the Act, and the amounts paid in each year, were as follows:

Nova Scotia apples, 1947 crop: 1947-48, I1,0W,000.00; 1949-48, $2,299,416.97. Nova Scotia apples, i948 crop: 1943-49,

$1,025,723.02.

New Brunswick and Prince Edward lsland potatoes, 1946 crop: 1946-47, $109,395.18; 1947- 18, $61,353.30.

ln the year 1946-47 the contracts with Great iiiitain in respect to meats, do-iry products and eggs were financed under the Act. There was an over-all deficit of $61,658.19 on the transac- tions involved.

The agricultural products supported under the Act, and the price support in each case, are listed as follows. ,

Potatoes grown in Prince Edward lslond and in designated areas of New Brunswick in 1948: $1.15 per 100 lb. for Canada No. 1 grade pota- toes in growers’ bins an and after April 1, 1949.

Apples grown in designated areas of Nova Scotia in 1948: $3.90 per barrel if the apples are sold by the board as fresh apples; $2.50 per barrel if the apples are processed by the board as dried apples or concentrated apple juice.

Apples grown in designated areas of British Columbia in 1948 (to a maximum of 250,000 boxes): $2.00 per packed box for the varieties Newton, Stoymon and‘ Rome Beauty of sizes 180, 198, 216 and 234, and for the variety Wine- sop of sizes 216, 234 and 252.

Dried white bea-ns grading Canada No. 1 and Canada No. 2 grown in 1948 in Ontario: $3.75 per bushel delivered to warehouse. (Support program to include purchase of approximately 35,000 bushels for refugee relief plus such pay- ments as may be necessary—to a maximum of $200,000—to meet any deficiency between the support price actually realized by farmers in marketing the product.)

Teachers’ Salaries

Annual salary rates for teachers in_ the pub- Iicly-controlled schools of eight provinces of Canada-Quebec being excepted--showed an average advance of $138 between 1946 and ‘i947, bringing the cumulative average rise since 1939 to $592, according to annual report .on teachers’ salaries and qualifications by the Do- minion Bureau of Statistics. Close to 51,700 teachers were included in the 1947 record of whom 38,600 were women and 13,100 were men.

Salary rated for all publicly-controlled schools in 1947 averaged $1,446 as compared with $1,308 in 1946 and $854 in 1939. Teachers in city schools had the highest annual salary at $2,120 as‘ compared with $1,926 in 1946 and $1,613 in 1939, while teachers in one-room rural schools had the lowest of $1,207 compared with $1,181 in i946 and $607 in 1939.

British Columbia had the highest average salary in 1947 for teachers in all publicly-con- trolled schools ,at $2,042, followed by Alberta at $1,546, and Ontario at $1,514. Averages for the other five provinces were: Manitoba, $1,304; Saskatchewan, $1,265; Nova Scotia, $1,241; New Brunswick, $977; and Prince Edward lslond, $816.

The continued shortage of qualified teach- ers is indicated by the fact that more than 5,000, or one in 10, were teaching on permits or temporary certificatcs-that is without the mini- mum professional qualifications normally de- manded. There was a decline, however, in the number of teachers in this category compared with the preceding year.

The figures for 1947 indicate a return to teaching of a further 2,000 men who had left the profession during the war years. This totul, added to a similar figure for 1946, broughtthe number of male teachers to within less than 2,000 of the number of men in 1939.

Rural teachers continued to be a compara- tively transient group, the majority travelling fro-m one school to another — or out of teaching altogether — every two years ‘or less. The average tenure of city teachers by corg-iarison is about 10 years.

a New ilalfliis Technique

Suburban burglars in London have developed

a; new technique. A few days ago a well-dressed

youngisli man, plainly in much liistress, rang at

the door of a comfortable villa. Ho hurriedly ex-

ined to the lady of tho house that there had

on "a nasty accident”, and asked might ho use l!" Plum- »

f Permission was promptly forthcoming, and, after ringing up some address and having a brief conversation, the young man thanked tho itidyfond deported. Two days later come a letter,

terafing thanks, and begging tho lady and iiiubood to accept the enclosed two Wosf disssjelreic; mum tickets. " _ yo used, but, on returning ' I roai onioyoiilo jvenirig at the _ _ ti“!!! Heavenl- that their and practically every- roqovol. q

./_ EDITORIAL NOTES f,‘

Canadian Red Crosi annual meeting.

lt is expected the Budget will be brought down tomorrow;

I

However explainledfthe figure of 140,103 Dominion Government employees as of January i, 1949 does not show a trend in the right direc- tion as compared with 124,889 for the previous year.

I i W

Not so long ago, beside our deep-cut roads we. would have, high on the adjoining bank what was called the "winter road." Today the cuttings have virtually vanished and the highway itself is usually well above the level of the surround- ing land.

I ' .

The Federal Government declares that as there are no surplus pota-toes practically ony- where except in this Province and New Bruns- wick, growers in other areas will be entitled to sell their stock at the equivalent of the support price. Generous, isn't it?

I U I

The report that poliomyelitis has attacked some sixty Eskimos at Chesterfield Inlet some 350 miles north of Churchill is upsetting to the general view that the paralysis is a hot weather menace. it's appearance, however, under such vastly different conditions may well provide in- formation which hos so far eluded research.

U I U

A recent news report indicates that it is almost fifty years since a Speaker has been elect- ed to a second term in New Brunswick's Legis- lature. The situation is not quite so bad hone, but there is no doubt that it would add much to the efficiency of the House to have permanency of tenure in that office.

William lll of Orange, King of Great Brit- ain, died this date 1702. Was chosen to replace the Stewart dynasty in 1688, he having married Mary daughter of James ll of England; he landed at Torbay, and after Jomes's flight was pro- claimed King in 1689. His reign was featured

by a succession of wars at home and on the continent. , I I I The R. C. A. F. are inaugurating a long

week-end in England Saturday, going by New- foundlanii and returning by the Azores. We are living in strange times, but not unmindful of the days long past when we astonished the then world by having monthly sailings by steamers be- tween here and the Mother Country. The mode of transport is different but the object the same, keeping abreast of the times. Q I I

The recent epoch-making non-stop flight around the world by a U. S. Air Force 8-50 plane was made possible by the technique of refuelling in the air while the bomber was in flight. This process is a British invention and the equipment which was actually used during this remarkable journey was also British. It was similar to that employed last year on the British Overseas Air- ways Corporatiorfs North Atlantic service du-r- ing a non-stop flight from London to Montreal.

I i I

The price of cream in Ontario and Saskat-

chewan has taken a four and th-ree cent drop

respectively. Milk will probably follow suit. The farmer is invariably the first to experience o de- crease in price and the last to benefit from any increase. in the ‘present instance he is actually running into a falling market before benefitting to any extent from the bqpm which mainland industrialists have enjoyed for a considerable time. This, of course, is due to margarine com- petition. 1n Quebec, where the product is still banned no set back has been experienced.

Some investigation into newspaper history has brought to light a notice that appeared some years ago in a weekly newspaper in Kansas: "A dollar forty cents straight a line will be charged for all obituary notices to all business men who do not advertise while living. Delinquent sub- scribers will be charged $2.00 per line for an obituary notice. Advertisers and cash subscrib- crs will receive as good a send-off asiwe ore capable of writing, without any charge whatever. Better send in your subscription, as the hog cholera is abroad in the |and." ~

n sr a

According to Mr. L. E. Shore, president, On- tario Society of Architects, the building boom will continue; and cost of labour and materials will rise farther. Nothing has tended to delay house building more than unwise promises of a slump in house values. Current price levels in all lines represent a reasonable result of wartime and postwar Government fiscal and financial policies, with some prices still due to rise. Slow- ly, price levels will come down, if prosperous conditions continue. Any sharp break in prices in present circumstances would be the sign of imminent disaster, an eventuality the Govern- ment must avoid at whatever cost.

Canada's pfeference for buying "inpchinery and other goods from "their ain folk iri Scot- land wos mentioned by Mr. MOCNGIlbWQIF, Loti- don secretary of the Scottish Council (Develop- ment and industry), when he mode a statemfnt to reporters after a conference with Canadian representatives. Sir Steven Bilsland and _Mr. Weir had discussed the possibilities of increasing trade between Canada and Scotland with Mr. Graham Spry, Agent-General for Saskatchewan, and Mr. R. MocMullin, Agent-General for Alberta. Mr. .I. Crawford, Chief inspector of Mines of Alberta, w-ho is visiting Scotland had told them, said Mr. Weir, that Alberto hod tremendous reserves of cool, the development of which might load to a big demand ,for a wide variety of mining equip- ment yhicii might help Scottish engineering firms if prices wsrs competitive with those of America. The Canadian representatives lied said that they wooidoiwoys prsior to buy from lrit- aln, and with such a largo Scottish community in Saskatchewan, and Alberto, Scottish firms should be in a slightly iavoiirdplo

PUBLIC FORUM

This ooluin ll owl l’ "it discussion iiy correlwlilfll" of questions of interest. The Guardian» docs uoi neocons- lly endorse tho opinion "7 correspondents.

"IOEG A PROFESSOB3S FINDINGS

sin-Professor Raymond Pearl, of Johns Hopkins University poin- plled the life histories of 13.000 persons. He decided to truce the record of tobacco on these D"- sons. He found, that; “P 1° 50 3'93" rile doe-sh rate for neovy smoke" l; double that of non smokers. At 7o yeiins of age twice as many non smokers were alive ss lleiivy smokers. l-Ie sold there are nine- teen poisons ln tobacco. The bus-n- ing of tobacco in pipe. C1881’. 01‘ cigarette gives rise to substances not found in the leaf. Smokers do not die sit tobacco stores, they go away, and when they die doc- tors certify it was some disease of the heart, etc, so tobacco which kills indirectly esciipts the blame.

Those are the findings of a high authority. And he here gives the secret of how to get. clear of smok- ing. He says don't try to taper of‘! -moblllze your will power and stop at once. Keep away from smokers. After each meal for a week rinse the mouth vrlth 3-4 of 1 per cent of solution of silver nitrate, whlchcreates a distaste for tobacco simoke,_ and relieves throat irritation, ctiew gentian root or carnomlle blossoms. change the diet. from seasoned foods.

I am, Sir, etc., -

TEEIOTAI-ER.

AN EXEMPLARY CHRISTIAN

Sin-As many sorrrowlng friends stood yesterday at the open grave of Mr. T. M. MiioMlllsn, their pre- dominant thought must have been lliat they were participants 1n the last sad rites over a good and great. marl.

During my association and friendship with Mr. MiwMillan for nearly 40 years. I learned to re- spect and appreciate his sterling Christian qualities. For the great- er part. of that time I was closely associated with hlm lrl many ar- ganlzntlons. I will mention only two outstanding objects that lie labored long and faithfully to make successful: The monument at Scotohifort. of the early Scotch settlers, and the hundreds of Scotch boys who have been assist- ed in their life vocations by tht St. Andrew's Society. During a long life he discharged most faith- fully his molly duties in plllbllc, business and private life. His gift- ed family is the direct result of the pwper teachings of himself and his devoted wife. ,

Exemplary Christian lives such as his stand out as beacon llglllts in title grim darkness of u troubled and chaotic world and preach ii sermon of good example that. must compel universal and respectful appreciation, and inspire others to do likewise.

I am, Slr, ole, W. J. P. MucllvlIIJsAN.

RED CROSS BIDOD

Bin-little present visit of the Canadian l-‘iedCross Mobile Trans- fusion Unit to Charlottetown gives all the citizens on opportunity to donate their blood to this service and it 1s hoped that as many people as possible will take rul- vantage of this visit.

The medical stuff of the Prince Edward Islisrjid Hospital are pleas- ed to recognize the lnestlmable value of this service. The daily utilization of both line Red Cross donor blood and plasma is consid- ered one of the greatest advances in present day medicine in can- adn. '

A great. many patients at this hospital can already testify to the immense benefit that this service has meant to them. All fihe doc- tors on our staff in medicine, sur- gery and obstetrics are extremely enthusiastic aboutflie general use- fulness of this service as well as its life-saving quality.

The response of the public yes- terday to the blood donor clinic here was excellent. It is hoped that this unll: will continue to meet. with this same excellent rc- sponse during lie entire visit. to Prince Edward Island. '

The excellence of the blood and plasma triirlsfusjon service which is provided. free of charge, by this wonderful organization is heartily endorsed by all the members of our merlleril irtsff.

I am. sir. etc. R. l". SEAMAN M,.D., CM. President Medical our: P. E. I. Hospital.

THE MARGARINE CASE

Sin-Why is the Canadian Fed- eration of Agriculture lppellinfl the margarine cue to the Privy Council?

Several people and many con- sumer grailps have been asking this question dllflfll the post few days.

Muiy current rerun-ks condemn- ing the elAnd farmers have token to protect both themselves and consumers have been misleading.

Members of Parliament and Cabinet Ministers lisve been ro- eelvlrig I tiers and wires from their coslstltu ts wsmipg them sesfnlt ihlCfflllil with the margarine question.

In crass- to better clarify ililii matter, would you iio so kind so to publish the followlnl letter ro- eofved from the Ontario redon- tlon of AIDl-IMINT

I uni your! lit. etc, L001! O'CONNOR, Profiles:

no.1. Federations)! Alflwlbutl (Iuolslnol

While govonuiiut policy ls lu flio forafotlvosioessttisupsoform tfoul to lot tint members

of parliament and cabinet minis- ters on oil lu uo unoottllu

JWLRTJJ‘ < , and now

s;

terms of iilrrerieet the unrestrict- ed sale of margarine would have upoli llle industry in particular and the ivrhole agricultural econ- omy. Il. would be well too to give some thought to the fact that willi- out suitable regulations there is no protection for the consumes" and the trade can force the price as lilgii as Lhe market will bear.

I wonder if the consumer knows that the high moisture content of margarine, which we understand ls llOl. below ‘20 percent, ivhlle butter is permitted to contain only l6 percent moisture, would result in tile consumer paying over a half million dollars for water if twenty million pounds of margarine were sold. I wonder ff consumers real- ize that if we had been permitted to include an additional four per- cent moisture lri butter tiles-e would have been plenty of butter and we would not have required margar- ine to supplement the supply.

Do consumers realize that. lf we destroy the butler industry and affect the income of 73.000 farm- ers and their families in Ontario, those farmers will by necessity be obliged to curtail the production of cream. Much of this cream comes from marginal laud which requires e livestock program to maintain fertility of the soil. Even- tually these fiimiers will tie put out of production of any kind and farm families will be forced to move to the cities to compete in are labo; market with urban resi- dents.

These and other arguments could be used in the interests of both producer and consumer in supporting the contention of the dairy farmer that, first, the de- cision of the supreme court should be reviewed by the privy council in order to define unquestionably the responsibilities of federal and pro- vincial governments, second, since margarine lips been manufactured and sold. that strict regulations should be imposed regarding color, quality and condition of sale, in- cluding clearly defined wordinB upon the package to indicate in- gradients of the product, third, the licensing of processors and hand- lers, including retailers, hotels and restaurants so that. margarine can- not be served to the consumer as butter.

Farmers who produce cream for biltter have millions of dollars in- vested. Thousands upon thousands of people are employed. Their pur- chasing powc-r ls extremely lm- portant to the welfare of the con- sumer in the city because of the market they offal-d for goods pro- duced in urban cenures. I wonder if consumers realize that. l! farin- ers are not rkotected from tile importation of cheup oils they will be obliged to demand that all im- port tariff restrictions must be lifted on consumer goods. Purifiers are heavy purchasers of consumers goods. I wonder to what extent action of this kind would lmperll the job of the cliy consumer.

Farmers have been accused oi being selfish in asking for this protection. I wonder how many realize that. farmers who produce cream were asked to produce sit less llisn cost during the war per- iod ss n contribution to Lhe war effort and were given assurance that they would be protected when tho war emergency had phsed. I wander if farmers were selfish when txmtrols were lifted on other commodities and butter continued under ceilings.

Furriers have been unable in post to protect themselves against the procaine of industrial groups and consumer t tion. but farm- ers today, organized u they no. are going to make an effort to re- tolri for their industry and their families a fslr portion of the wealth of this country. I think it will be granted there is fairness in their effort.

If tho pressure of the margarine interests, both consumer and men scturet. ls not resisted saun- uosioi by oiu- form people now government decisions sro bound to be influenced, and influenced to the disadvantage of the auricul- tiu-sl industry. Farmers should ul- cort themselves by contoctln: their members of parliament and moni- hers of tile legislature and use

‘ seating to them the facts which

yusrlfy their osse fou- wooeetlon l use outrr uiousixy. o

AIOIIIO OAIIPLII ' flb-I-i-n itosiooeitvo soiupiss now taint sontious oscii month from one G

stotn , ostulilislimeuti in Britain no being and universities

wins ire-relies!’-

ussil by liospitois .

w m,“ rtoonooirr

r’

§0<§>0 Old Charlottetown (And r. ii. I.)

THE DOMINION BUILDING

With rilannlng under way for a new Dominion building in Char- lottetown, the following reference to the erection of the present building. from an old newspaper file, will be of-inlorest:

After the disastrous flre of 1884, which destroyed among others the old Post Office and Customs build- ing, nothing was done until the summer of 1885 towards the erec- tlon of a new building. Then Mr. T. C. Connors, of Moncton, being awarded the contract set to work May 1st, and on February l5, 1887, just three years after the destruc- tion of the old building. the Post Office and Customs departments were moved info "the present sub- stnrliial-looking structure which adorns Queen Square." Built of brick and Nova Scotln freeatone, it was erected at a cost of about $30,000. divided ns follows: building $58.- 000; steam heating, $6,000; furni- ture, etc, $1,600.

Adornlrlg the front pediment of the building is a bust of John Ca- bot, "the supposed discoverer of Prince Edward Island, having it is said, landed here and kidnapped three Indians twelve months before Columbus embarked on his se -‘ VOYBQE in 1497.” (The authority for this remarkable statement is riot given. It. ls now pretty generally agreed that Cabot never saw Prince Edward Island).

I O O

The report zoes into a lengthy description of the building, the de- sign of which, we are told, "is a free treatment of Roma aque architecture and depends for ef- feet on solidify of construction which is expressed in deep in- goings nt the side of the windows and doors showing the thickness of tile walls, us well as the large openings for the windows and doors, allowing the use of strong effect in powerful stone arches, and by bold horizontal courses of stone runningiseross the walls. . . . The lobby is said to be much larger than is generally allowed in govern- ment and banking buildings, this being permitted because we have no street delivery. This conveni- ence, however, will also probably be ours whenever the houses in Charlottetown are numbered."