Che Guardian

Covers Prince Edward tsland Like The Vew W. 4, Hancox, Publisher

Burton Lewis Frank Walker Brecutive Editor Editor Published every week day morning (exceot Sum

Montague

ee

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Pace ss g 4 SATURDAY, | MARCH 17, 1962,

Those Joint Programs

Premier Shaw will be relieved to know that in the event of a Liberal victory in the next federal general election, Mr. Pearson’s policy of federal withdrawal from the field of joint programs would not neces- sarily apply to us. In his press con- ference here on Thursday, the Lib- eral leader clarified the statement he had made at a Quebec political meeting, and elsewhere, to the effect that these programs—more particu- larly in the field of social security— should be turned over entirely to the provinces, which would be compen- sated by being given more “leeway” in the field of direct taxation.

Mr. Pearson conceded on Thurs- day that this policy, however wel- come it might be to the big indus- trial provinces, could very well ereate a hardship for the “have not” ones, such as Prince Edward Island, where the tax potential is low and where the full maintenance of such schemes would indeed be out of the question. He explained that the Liberal policy would be optional in such cases—the provinces wishing to finance the programs themselves, could do so; those unprepared to as- sume this responsibility would con- tinue to receive federal aid.

Time limitations at the pres conference did not permit of explor- ing this subject further; but we are sure it will have occurred to Premier Shaw that further clarification would be desirable. How, for ex- ample, would the joint programs for the poorer provinces be financed with the big central provinces out of the game and allowed to exploit tax revenues, collected there from all parts of the country, for their own exclusive purposes? Wouldn’t that be a return to the old jungle system which existed before the tax rental agreements were introduced? Wouldn’t the poorer provinces be tompelled—once again as in the old days—to go hat in hand to Ottawa for benefits they now receive as a matter of right?

Perhaps we shall hear more from Mr. Pearson on this point when the election campaign warms up. In the meantime, he has ans- wered the question so far as the optional nature of his policy is con- cerned, and Premier Shaw will just have to make what he can of that until the next installment comes along. Not that our Premier would ‘ever confess to having dreamed, ex- cept in a nightmare, that the Lib- erals were going to be returned at Ottawa in the next election; but he has raised thé issue in the Legis- Jature, and we fancy he will keep on faising it, from time to time, until the votes are in.

Electronic Markets

Now it’s the supermarkets that threaten to be invaded by electron- ies, according to an Australian acientist, who spoke on the subject at a symposium conducted recently in Melbourne.

According to this seer—who is the chief engineer of an electronic firm—the housewife will have a wonderful time. Carrying her “or- dering stick” she will find that the sutomatic supermarket shelves will ‘have only one or two samples on them instead of a large pile of stock. To buy she will push her or- dering stick into thevorder-socket on the display shelf and machinery will do the rest. The sample will stay on the display shelf. It will be

@xamme mem upside down, before deciding what size and brand to

uy.

The coded ordering stick will open an account for the customer in the controlling computer, which will direct mechanisms to deliver the article ordered from a store to a specified delivery point. When the customer has ordered all she wants, she -vill push her ordering stick into a delivery socket near the cashier’s desk. Then the mechanism will pack the goods into a transparent easy-to- carry bag and deliver it to the cashier. The customer will pay a computer-printed account—wi th prices and total—and pick up the goods.

At present prices, concedes our Australian scientist, “it might not be economic to install such equip- ment in supermarkets.” But he pre- dicts that eventually the cost of the automatic equipment will be jusii- fied, and we shall indeed be into the automatic age.

St. Patrick’s Day

The Shamrock is still the spring- tide symbol of the Saint whose il- lustrious example has been so fruit- ful in good works throughout the centuries—in art, in-science, in literature and in religion. His mem- ory is revered in many lands, and nowhere so devotedly as in Ireland; but our citizens of Irish descent in this Province have established a very fine tradition of their own in this respect, and their observance of today’s anniversary will be in keeping with this tradition.

Established in Charlottetown in April, 1825, the Benevolent Irish Society is one of the oldest organi- zations of its kind in Canada. Down through the years, its three-fold ob- jectives, of relief to the poor, per- petuation of Irish national senti- ment, and the performance of works of benevolence, have been kept in the forefront. We trust that its members will have fine weather for their St. Patrick’s Day parade on this occasion, and another large at- tendance at the performance of the Irish play in Birchwood High School auditorium this evening.

New French Dictionary

At last a French-English diction- ary which includes French-Canadian words hag been published, and the result is a valuable addition to Canadian school and college text- books. The new dictionary, publish- ed by Cassel and Company, Ltd., Toronto, is the first of its kind to give space to the many words and expressions that are peculiar to the language of French Canada. In ad- dition, it contains all known variants of French words and usage outside Metropolitan France, wherever French is spoken. Over 100,000 words are defined in the 1400 pages of this well bound, well printed volume. It is priced at $6.75 and is the work of a team of specialists headed by Prof. Denis Gerard, Inspector-General of the teaching of English at Morocco and Lecturer in the University of Rabat. The Canadian words in the dictionary have been compiled by Prof. Gaston Dulong; Professor of French Phil- ology at Laval University, Quebec.

EDITORIAL NOTES Of the 494 Lower House seats to be decided in India’s recent na- tional elections, 488 have now been declared. Of these the ruling Con- gress Party received 355, the Com- munists 29, the New Rightist Swat- antra Party 22, the Praja Socialist Party 12, Jan Sangh 4, Socialists

6, ae ea Syaee 50.

A link att ht and its royal owner was removed by the sale, recently, of the E. P. Ranch near High River, Alberta. This foot- hills property was acquired in 1919 by the Prince of Wales, later King Edward VIII, and now the Duke of Windsor. It became a showplace, and so perhaps it will remain in new hands.

Sr Oe

All but three provinces—Que- bec, Saskatchewan and British Co- lumbia—have signed agreements to pay their share of the $10 monthly increase in old age assistance, blind Persons and disability pensions ap- proved by Parliament. The payments were made retroactive in six provin- ces to Feb. 1, when the federal legislation became effectite. New- foundiand will start payment of the higher rate on April 1, according to an announcement by Health Min- ister Monteith in the on Thursday,

feC eR eoueeueace

OUR PEACEFUL WARHEAD

OTTAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson Census Reveals Canada’s Uneven Growth

Canada has grown in popula- 30 per cent over the past ars, according to census res just released officially. But this growth has been very uneven

Among our provinces, Alberta has developed the most, with a

per cent growth. B. C. pressed close on Alberta's heels, and Ontario was our third fast- est grower,

But all other provinces add- ed less than the national aver- age to their population. Quebec came fourth, with a growth one half of one per cent below the Canadian average. Then Newfoundland, Manitoba, Brunswick, Nova Scotia, atchewan and finall dec only 6 per cent to its popu-

2

provincial population changes will of course be re- flected in changes in represen- tation in our House of Com-

‘Normally under present legis- lation we should have 261 MPs representing the various provin- ces. The number elected from each province should reflect the ratio of their populations. Thus any province growing faster than the national average will gain MPs, and the slow-growing pro- vinces will lose MPs THE SENATE CUSHION

There is a provision in our * constitution which stipulates that no province shall have less M.Ps than it has Senators, as provid- ed under the Terms of Confed- eration, Thus already P.E.I. benefits by having MPs to match its 4 senators, in place of the 2 MPs called for by its popu- lation, As a result of the 1961 census, New Brunswick will al- 80 benefit by this ‘Senate Cu- shion,” to match its 10 Sena- tors instead of falling to repre- sentation by 8 MP:

Saskatchewan presents a very delicate problem. It is now our fifth most populous province, but it is slipping and will certainly be overtaken by Manitoba be- fore the next census. Like Man- itoba and Alberta, it has six Sen- ators, But it has 17 MPs trasted to 14 in Manitoba, It

after the 1951 census, but Parlia- ment enacted a special provi sion that no province should lose more than 15 per cent of its MPs as the result of any cen- ‘sus. This clause has led to many

arguments around Parliament Hill, but the majority holds to the bellet that ths cushion Is not from one census to the n RURAL Vs, URBAN VOTE ‘Thus Saskatchewan now “ow- es” two MPs, and also would lose two more as a result of the 1961 census, reducing its total to 13.

Nova Scotia would be saved

othe! 15 percent clsise from |

dropping two, sod would thus only lose one for a new total of 11 MPs. Quebec would loseone. | But Ontario would gain three, and B.C. and Alberta one each.

It could logically be argued that our House of Commons should swell with our growing population. On this basis, five seats might well be added, t cushion Saskatchewan, Manito- ba, Nova Scotia and Quebec ‘ag- against change.

‘An even more difficult prob- lem is to establish the desir-

able relationship between our dwindling rural population and our swelling cities. The decks now are stacked in favour of the country-dweller. Partly as a matter of policy, dating back to the era when agriculture was

venience in handling huge ar- eas of sparsely-setiled territory, the number of voters in rural ridings is much smaller than in urban ridings.

This will be one of the impor- tant principles to be set out for

the proposed new independent commission on redistribution. There will be at least some re- adjustment of anomalies such as the city of Regina, with 45,000 marking their ballots, and the =vral riding of Meadow Lake in the same province, where only 12,000 vote, yet each group has the same voice of one M.P. in Parliament.

A Turbulent Gulf

National Geographic Society

An island in the Gulf of Cali- fornia bears the challenging name of Salsipuedes, or “Get Out if You Can.

‘An. early Spanish explorer

amed it in rueful recognition of the shifting, surging waters which often inundate many low tiny tntets in. this long, ‘arrow arm of the

The Gulf of California extends some 650 miles between the Mexican mainland and the pen- insula of Baja (Lower) Califor- nia.

Bounded by land on three sides, the Gulf seemingly should be placid, Instead, & combina- tion of winds, currents, and tides makes it highly danger-

FEAR “THE LASH” | In fair weather or foul, the

area is inhospitable. High winds

sweep off the peninsula. Sudden

storms spring up with — little

warning. One of the most one

ed is El Cordonazo, or

Lash,” which brings eclanes: teed wiedd oat territyingly fre-

| quent bolts of lightning.

Even when the Gulf appears calm, it may be shot through with twisting currents, Clocked sometimes at six knots, the waters swirl between islands and create immense whirlpools.

Tides flowing up the Gulf

build tremendous forces as the waters are funneled into the gradually narrowing channel. Low tide brings drops of from

3 to 30 feet. The tidal range at the head of the Gulf, where oe Colorado River empties. a’ s 23 feet. With the right combination of , tide. and current. the wall of water piles up 30 feet and surges up the bed of the Color- ado as a destructive tidal bore, The dangerous waters rank. however, among the world’s best fishing grounds. Commer- cial fishermen harvest tuna, sardines, mackerel, shrimp, and turtles. Sportsmen battle deep- water marlin and swordfish. Yellowtail, corbina, striped perch, bonita, and giant white sea bass are reeled in along the coast.

Gray whales swim down from

the Arctic to breed in the warm

Gulf and on the Pacific side of Baja California. Dr. Paul - ley White, famed cardiologist, has led two National Geograph- ie Society expeditions there to record the gray whale's heart- beat.

PEARLS DISAPPEAR

The Gulf’s natural riches at- ‘tracted early Spanish explorers In 1533, of Cortes’ pilots reached the tip of the peninsula and found oyster beds. ‘wo

| years later, Cortes himself es-

U.K. Liberals Jubilant

By Doug Marshall Canadian Press Staff Writer Bri Liberal Party is; The three byelection results—_

dancing on air after a sweeping byelection victory in the Con- servative stronghold of Orping- ton,

Liberal candidate Erie Lub- bock obliterated the Torys’ lead of 14,860 in the last election and headed for Westminster with a sensational majority of 7,855 votes.

This contest is bound to go as

| COULD HAPPEN AGAIN

two near misses and one solid bull's eye—will certainly rally flagging Liberal hopes that they can achieve an effective num- ber of seats in the selon an But similar if not so

lar Liberal gains tn the te election” of 1958 were shattered

-, i 1959 general election | the maverick Tory voters | ioaraed to their fold,

This could well happen British byelections seldom favor the party in feflect a local “ ani the Socialists

" Olptives » hi H would be The Age Old Story, any long-term

pt seis

Hf

tablished a — call

gems found their way into the ora of European royalty.

A maymacions | re weed out the oyster bed: 20 years ago, but La Paz ae enjoying re-

‘Though Baja California has an arid climate, irrigation is open- ing new farmland. Resorts and dude ranches have sprung up; several new airfields are in op- eration; miners are reworking abandoned gold, silver, and

copper mines; and the commer- cial fishing industry is growing.

Twist Is Tough On Everyone, Even Teen-Agers

ments of strained and the resulting

ju resem! associat

ed with football and basketball games. Stiffness and pain may be noted also in the lower back

the time, swinging your behind back and forth (also the flexed arms) like you're rub- ging it with a turkish towel.

paishing - eee Adults who do the twist should remember their age.

A year generally is needed to com plete vital statistics on births. The figures for 1960, re- leased last month, show 4,257, 850 live births in the United States. One - third of all 1960 births were to residents of 2% with a mil- . The highest rate in such areas oc- in Minneapolis-St. (27.5 per 1,000 enumerated po} The lowest was 20-2 for the Patterson - Clifton-Pas- sale region of New Jersey.

The number of births by

counties ranged from zero for Kal

this figure does not include bear and moose. The highest number of births was in Los An- geles county, with 136,960, In| the five boroughs of New York City there were 157,706 live births in 1960,

(Dr. Van Dellen will answer questions on medical topics if | stamped, self-addressed envel- ope accompanies request.)

our OF THIS WORLD writes: How does a per- son wih schizophrenia act?

REPL’

The individual vith this form of insanity lives in another world and acts out his dreams. The majority have hallucina- tions and commune with their friends and enemies in _ their other world. Some are fearful and act suspicious or terrified, others are absolutely quiet, and still others are silly or nonsensi- cal, There are those who think they are Napoleon or Gen, Grant, The smarter schizoph- renics may develop fantastic Projects in the field of business

| or art that are “out of this | world.”

NOT AGAIN Mrs. E. Writes: Can T have a | second change of life at age 64? I seem to have the same symp- toms I had 15 years ago. REPLY No. I assume you refer to the hot flashes which so many per- Sons associate with the meno- pause, It is true that this is a common symptom of the change of life but it occurs in women of all ages and in men. In this respect, it is not always a sign of the menopause,

DRY MILK Mrs. L. writes: Is dry skim a as a as the liquid? I'm as strong as I used to be iad find the’ dry variety easier | to carry.

EPLY Yes. It has everything in it that whole milk has except wat-

TABLETS OR SHOTS

Speahing Yo Myrll

Mike Lets Others ‘Have His Way’

i

E g

ui

F aR i,

il dl iy e

i [ : i

ist it lili fgngit

is e

the total of being sreat, as to use the word.

has to be sees more

than any of these parts.

No.

tions and speaking in behalf of the late Dag Hammar- skjold, who had this to say of Mr. Pearson:

“Facing a world of crises, confusion and chaos, iariven eoanianty ant aaa ately to find those elements

it make for peace and ot

ered progress. With the skill tins seasoned diplomat he combines the inner strength of the prophet.””

UNIFYING FORCE

It is that inner strength, in my opinion, that unifies everything fine in Mike Pear- son's oe and produces the total man who deserves to be described as ‘great’

‘One of the men who hopes he'll be Prime Minister, ra- ther than Mr. Pearson, after the next eisebon: recently, ia ome this: “ son above al ape canad. jans in fineness of mind ‘and greatness of spirit.”

‘True enough, the same man questioned Pearson's abilities ai rg insisted he a hope of oo his aa to victory

in the next or any other elec-

tion — but these are not points T intend to argue today. Ra- ther, it is the “fineness of

mind ess of spirit”’ I want to examine briefly. My first meeting with Mr.

NOTES BY

The bride who joyfully “mar- ries for ee is apt to be a bit cn whe ~ he discovers th term “keep on working.” ottawa Citizen, ui

It's a good thing that the fed- eral government finally has de- cided to install seat belts in all the automobiles it buys from now on. Ottawa's move will in- Sure greater security for the oc- cupants of federally owned cars. It should also. . pave the way to- ward legislat quire drivers

— Toronto Star.

or other

a —_ attack on

him as a He wins pei ‘too for his insistence on being himself (it grows on people)— his re. fusal to strut a stage, to use tones, to bluff and splutter, or to strain after cheap ere

n cent note of humility within his greatness,

Just before he left for Oslo in 1957, to become the only Canadian to date to rece! .

Pearson, with a grin, recited one of his favorite detin- itions of diplomacy, as tol.

's: “Diplomacy is the art of od ‘someone else have your way.

IT COULD HAPPEN It'd be a funny thing to have an election victory won by the same “art", but it could hap pen, if Canadian realization grows of the seasoned abili- bry he carries to the service ordered progress, and of fis “inner strength of the

No matter what Canadians do about this matter, how- ever, I find the combination of these qualities in the Hon, Lester B, Pearson enormous- ly impressive, attractive and desirable. If he does not

e the accol:

of being ‘great”, I know ho person in Canada whe

Budbrtewis

THE WAY

A Chicago waiter was ar rested for speeding, but not in a restaurant, — St. Catherines Standard.

The Ontario Department of Education says new grade 1% examinations in Ffench and La- tin are to be tested by students this month. Sweet revenge! — Ottawa Journal.

Ws getting past that time of the year when there seemed ‘o be infinite time te prepare in come tax returns. — Hamilton Spectator.

|

N. P. Are penicillin | tablets just as hots?

effective as REPLY Both are effective but we

never know how much of the Penicillin is absorbed when it is taken orally.

| | OUR YESTERDAYS | Guardian Files peeslaaiiae YEARS AGO (Mar. 17, 1987) ing performance of “Bri- dget O'Rourke,” thrilling three- act mystery i was pre- | sented to a ‘gapacity audience in the Prince Edward Theatre

ite Cudmore Played the leading female parts,

Scott and Pius Callaghan Performed in

male role. The play was under | pas, rection of De. 1, B. B. Bo-| is,

Miss Olive Ings, Public Heal- th Nurse under the Prince Ed- ard Isl

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