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_fs PAGE rouirf. ~ rs -THE cH.uzLo'rr1:'rowN GUARDIAN- _ _ __
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BACK TO THE LAND
There is it strong "bar-k to the land" movement in \\'est»
ern t‘aiiaila. .\iany oi' the cities have been somewhat over- done and the proiitziblt-iii-ss of farriiiug is now appealing to many. _\ \i'inriipt-iz exeliarige says, “Tliere are not u few men of wealth in \\'iiinip<-g who for years have been playing at farrniiig. 'l`lie_v are now all going at fiirriiirig in earriest, Thr.-y are having fall plow- ing done :ind are marking arrangt-riierits for having more of their land under crop next year than ever before. They are making their farniiiig a riiatter of serious busi- ness."
“ _is a matter of fat-t. it is to no re.~rrir_-ted class that the plain certairiiy that iarniing is going to be iinpreeedeiiterlly proiitalib- for a eoiisiil<<rzibli» riurnliei' of years to come is making a strong :ind efft-r~ii\'e appeal. I-‘rom all parts of the West rome ri-ports of great aceessioiis to the number of aiqritzuiiiirists, as well as of extraoi~dinarl‘ “Cll\'l\l’ 0ll the part oi' all who have Iieretofore been engaged in that industry :iiiil those who are now entering upon it, wliieli_| iiirlii-ati-s an iii`r-reiiseii acreage under crop next year. The
good work sliould go ou. Next summer should see break- ing on a r~»r-ordniakirig scale.
.»\iuong iiiose who iii large riuriihers are realizing the
possibilities of the situation are men \vlio have been work- ing as small eoiitra<‘iors_ wltli some capital, with experi- ence anti :iliility iii liandiirig rneu, and with horses. Many of thi-so men have eorne from farms, and they are ii0\v de- ciding that they will now take to farming, and carry on their farming operations as they have carried on their eontrnr-ting.
More money will be made on the land in the coming
years than will lie niadc in the city by nit-ri who have in the past been devoting lirairis and energy to businesses not at-tiinll,v hast-tl upon and linked up witlt the agricul- tural iinliistr_v_ lt is a time for tiiriiitigbraiiis aiul energy to pruiiiictive work in the basic industry ilpon which the progress and prosperity of the country is fountled.
There are vacant iarriis in this province. there are half
worked and less than lialf-worked farms which would yieldproiltalile returns if energetically and intelligently taken hold of. And there are many iiitiinding immigrants in the old land as well as hi the lands now being ravagctl by tire war, wlio, if they knew would gladly purcliase furuis in a eouiitry like ours. The thing is to get all tho land working for tliere is no more profitable lrusiriess in the world today than farriiing.
l ____ ....._( )_..__.?____
SAFETY SUGGESTIONS
.»\ liooltlet has reeeritly lieeii issued by thc <"aiiadlan Gov-
erntnerit ll:iil\vays and placed in the liands ot' all railway eniployees, giviiig stiggestioris for the prevention of accl- deuts. Tliese siiggestioiis, while intended primarily for railway men, woiilti make very valuable pocket compati- ions for others as well.
Tlui siiggf-stioiis ctiieiilaterl to prevent aeciderits on rail-
ways would be found equally effective in every walk of life. 'l`hii-i for iiistariee: “It will bc the duty of members of the Safety Poiiiriiittees, as they go about their regular work, to note unsafe eoiiditions and practices and to cor- rect. or take up tin- sanu- i'or correction. Most. railway ae- citleuts are etiiisr-d, not by collisions, derallmeiits and wrecks, but by little eoiiditlons and practices of an unsafe nature whit-li can, to a giwiit extent, lie overcome hy tliiuk- ing about prevention liefore, instead of after, an accident has liappeiied." _
This is true of most aerirlerits. even the apparently
simple ones. A horse runs away because some pai't ot' the liarriess or gear has lirokeii, wliicli should have been utteiidr-ri to. A riiaii falls f`roiii a staging because it had riot. been iier-iirely ererteil and something gave way. A person slips on the sidewalk because hc has not taken the precautloii to look to his steps. It is true that nccitleiitii will occur in spite ol' precrnitioris but a very large propor- tloii of tliuni are the result of want of ordinary precaution.
lfnsafo r-oritiitioiis and unsafe practices arc numerous in
every at-tivity, :uid avr-ideiits often serious are of common or-ciii'rt-ii<~i‘. r\ little lit-ed to the ailnionitlons of this little
book would prevent many oi’ tiiern_
Here is another quotation, a little advice which will sug-
gest niany acts of tlioiilzlitfiilriess and kiiirliicss: "You may
prevent serious _injury by throwing aside from a travelled waya board with prrijr-t~tirig iiaiis,by replacing acovcr ov- er a catch biishi" &i:_ flow many injuries might have boeri preveritetl by rilisr-rviiig this little act of kindness. Tlierc are freqiiently ser-ri on our streets and on our side- ivalirs tliiiigs that iiiay r-a.4ii_v cause injury, and whose ru- moval would be a simple uirittcr. A story is told of an old lady vclio ‘ins seen gettin.-ririg up pieces of broken glass on a (il'ist'riw street, and carrying them off in her apron. Asked wliy she did so, shi- replied "that they may not hurt the bnirnios’ feet." lt was an act of kindness that might wellibc imitated lu a thousand different ways and that if frillriwt-ri would add in many ways to the comfort and hap- piness of the world.
.___;_.;___0________.__
VOICE FROM HOLLAND
llollnnd is neutral in the present war bitt one of hor
nowspapors rncently had thc courage t_o express itself thus on the greatness of Great Ilrltain:-
The Ilrltiiih Empire these days is a noble
sight to behold; never ln the days of its long history luis it presented a prouder spectacle. The Motherland marches to war; and io! from all thc seven seas daughter peoples and the countries under ber domination hasten with offers of their sons and poses- alone. Not only Canada und Oceania, who for tho past th generations have been chips of the good old Block nmzng for powerful individual development; South Africa ll well, but yesterday still full of enmity, makes Britain'n lffdlra ltl own, and sets her redooat regiments free, under
` lee to protect with own defenders, the Union Lands
te South of=1hu~5emboni.-
i 4° l‘!°°.'- .
nfl!! themselves also et
the side of those who for long years have been their rulers.
While ireland in the hour of the common struggle tor-_
gets its ancient feud. Hindustan so lately-still a hot-bed of rebellion, comes with the tidings that she will fight along for the cause of the British Raj. Sikh and Pathan, Hindu and Moslem, Gorkha and Rajpoot. proffer their aid and beg for the favor to be permitted to fight for Englaud’s` cause.
Proud monurchs,. whose ancient lineage dates back till
far beyond the Christian Era, hastily snatch the sword in order to tight in France, by the side of the white troops, who, since the memory of mari. have been synonymous in their sunny land, with a vengeful domination. Seven hun- dred great and small indian Chiefs place themselves. their armies and all their material means of assistance without reserve at the disposal of their Emperor; from Ceylon's southernmost point to the chill mountain passes of the Khyber there rushes a torrent of enthusiasm through that same India which the phnntasy of the German press had already apportioned with ix general uprising against the supreme authority of the white stranger.
Even the great Llumn of mystic Tliibet offers his
troops.
lt is a grand sight; and it has but one possible eyplan-‘
ation. It can take root in nothing less than acknowledge- ment of the intrinsic justice of the fundamental value of British government. The four hundred millions of the great \\'orld-nionarcliy spontaneously give testimony of their profound esteem of the principles by which they are governed; no other reason could they have in this hour of trial, for hurrying to the aid of the badly-prepared but sternly resolved Motherland.
Verily British world rule, after today, needs no further
advocates.
__.;._lO._.i_i
GALICIA NOW .RUSSIAN
The Russians claim that the Austrian province of Gali-
cia is completely freed of Austrian troops and that it is now virtually a part of the Russian Enipire_ The (‘zar has appointed (`ount Bobrinsky governor-general of the annexed territory and has declared that ull Russia re- jolces with him in the union brought about as a result of the war. It is asserted in Petrogratl that the Gallcians are pleased with the change that has made them subjects of another sovereign than Francis Joseph, and that they will accept the Russian language, laws and administra-
tions. if these claims are to be relied upon the Austrian l-Iinpire has lost its largest province to the iiivatier. Gal-
icia. according to the census of 1910, had a population of S,025.ti'i:'i. its area is 30.321 English square miles and it is a rich land in its way. The summers are hot and the winters long and severe. The plains are fertile and agri- culture is extensively carried on, although in a some- what primitive way. Cereals, leguuiiuous plants, potatoes, beets. &c., are grown in considerable quantities. Manu- facturing has not been much developed as yet. the chief industries being the preparing for export of the raw ma- terials proilured in the eouiitry. These industries include brandy distilleries, sugar refineries, flour and saw mills, and the like. There is also considerable mineral wealth in the hilly parts and the petroleum possibilities are great. Altogether, it may be said, Galicia is as fine a prize of war as could have come to Russia. The annexation wal' made with comparative ease, and if the new masters hold the proviiiiie during and after the war the territory of the (ireat White Czar will be swelled enormously.
or.iiuAii_i3iiusTiuEs
Factories in Germany that depend on imported raw ma-
terial to keep their wheels turning arc reported to be at a standstill because oi' the shutting off of the necessary supplies. This coriditioti has brought suffering to thous- ands of people and an attempt is being made by the author- ities to meet the difficulties by turning the tide of the unem- ployed into channels that have been artificially' benefitted for the time being. Probably the institution that stands to gain most by hostilities is the Kvupp works. its mills are reported to be working night and day to meet the de- mands made from the armies ut the t'rout. Guns are being worn out by firing every day and others are being cap- tured. Tons of ammunition are being used and there is no end to the call for more. The Krupp firm is getting orders that must be swelling its treasury to the bursting point. This organization that turns out munitions of war at an enormous rate sells its wares all over the world. llalf a hundred governments are supplied by it with guns there hclng, it is estimated, 30,000 of tliesc Krupp engines of’ destruction in use in countries outside ot' Germany. The I{alser's Empire. up to the breaking out of the present war, had purchased no less than 29,000 guns from the flrni. Be- sides the guns there is armorplute. All this manufactur- ing for warfare is executed or controlled at the factories
in Essen, Western Prussia. These works cover an_ area of 1,200 acres, much of which is under roof. The workers employed by the firm number over 75.000 and their coiiiniuiilly shelters 300,000 souls. Nearby are three 15-mile-long gun ranges used for experimental pur- poses, wliere thousands of men are employed. in Rhinclaud-Westphalia aint Silcsia the Krupp collerles are Iocntctl, where the coal for the arnfor Dlllw works at Aiineii und Gruson und the blast furnaces at ltliclnhausen, Engers and other places is mined, At Kiel is situated the Krupp Ge-rninnla rlockyard. The firm also owns mines in Spain which furnish orc that is shipped in Krupp steamers. This latter part of the flrm’s indus- trial establlsliment is not doing business as usual today, owing to the fact that the British and »Freuch nnvles have suspended the German shipping trade. Sales to foreign ua- lions have also been stopped and nil the forces of the vari- ous plants are concentrated on supplying the ironic de- mlnd. The head of this war material institution is Dr. von Bohleu and I-lalbacli, the erstwhile diplomat who be- came a gunmakcr by marrying the heiress, Bertliri Krupp. To preserve the firm's identity the Emperor gnvc the groom the right to cull himself Krupp von Bohleu_ It is said that he is displeased at the popular idea that his firm makes only wur material, when, as ti matter of fact, it turns out enormous quantities of useful anti peaceful utensils. ills displeasure is destined to continue, for henceforth more than ever will the name of Krupp be associated with wor- fare. _
K Norms
mlritisri-.ii ---- _ _ __
"t"lirlstianity-and this is its highest merit-has in
some degree softened, but it could not destroy. that brutal Gorman joy of battle. When once the tamitig talisman, the (Tross. breaks in two. the aavugery of the old fighters, the senseless. Verserker fury of which the northern poets sing ami say so much. will gush up anew. That talisman is decayed, and the day will come when it will piteously col- lapse. Then the old stone gods will rise from the silent ruins, and rub the dust of a thousand years from their
increase in the minimum was by no moans adequate to meet the condi- tions of these times. i Assistance has been promised this
year to flfty ministers. The Com- mittee, which met yesterday. stated that it was decided if at all possible to increase the minimum frotn $900 to $1,000 in March next. The total revenue last year was $11,279, of, which $10,059 came from the congre- gations and $688 from interest. dona- tions. etc. The disbursements for the same period were $11,853.80, leavliig,` to the deep regret of the Committee, u debit balance of $574. _ -
Mr Spencer designated the aug-
mentation fund as in his opinion the most important of all the funds.
THE NEEDS OF THE PRESENT. Regarding the needs at 'the present time, Mr Spencer said that supposing ` thc n;mber of vacancies to be about 401, an additional $l1_000 would be required. An increase of 55 per cent. on the part of the congregations to the giving of this fund would he necessary.
The duty rests upon the syuod. the
presbyteries, the congregations, the people.
$16,200 was needed, “figuring ut, the
very best." and the Voiniiiittee had determined to ask for $15,000 or $1,2000 less than by its best figures it needs. ‘ Mr. Silencer. on behalf of the com- mittee, r€C0mIuended that the synod urge upon presbyteries and presby- teries upon congregations the impor tance and the duty of contributing to this fund a due proportion as to the
t;<;l;emoS of the church under the bud-
'l`ll1ll_ bresliyteries exercise great
care in entertaining new applica- |tl0llB. 1 Ihat the synod overture the Gen. Grill Asslilllllll' to take expedient slept along thc lines of the report and in the matter ofthe moving expenses of ministers called to self-sustaining stipend,
The recornrnendatioiis brought f0l'lll H VlLZ0\‘0llS Speech iii their sup- port by Rev. J. l-I. ./\.,.Antlersori, of’ the Sl- -lflllll Dl`€Sll>’lcrY. wlio'explairied VGT5’ llllly why the payment of moving expenses was only just. Mr. Antler son described a special case in his presliytery wliicli the reeouinicudatiot' would meet-a typical case.
The report und recoiiirrielidzitions
were adopted.
THE GIVING C-F THE
CHURCH AT LARGE
“Systeiiiatic giving" was the next
busiriess taken up, Rev. .l. \\’. A. Nie- liolsoii,of Dartmouth_ presuming the report. The glviugs lust year' were 0l\l.V $90, 000_-over $138,000 are bcing ` asked fl" llllll Y0lll'. "arid," said Mr. NlCll0lS0l\. I have no idea, \vliatever that we will get it.” 1-le expressed re- gret tllllt giving was not more syste- lll_HllC. more generous. “We are as- l<lllg_t’0r what we need." This y011I‘ the terrible war, with all
that it means to our people. Some will take advantage of the fiict to give exciises_ Others will feel compelled to eritrencli.
"We are,” said Mr. Nicolson. “re-
cornmendliig that the estimates for fills Yellf lie the same as last." I-Ie enumerated the sums asked for the V“fl0ll_S Olllects. tlieu stating that it ‘ills “GW llflllllted the coniuiittee would rccouinieiid that tlio nlloea tion for the presbytcrics bu thu Baum as last year.
The report was adopted.
THE LAYMEN’S MIBSIUNARY M()Vl‘fMl~IN'1‘. ~
R. M.. llumilton, Presbyterian sec- l"9i»L\l`Y Un the lnymen‘f. missionary movement, then nddrcssed the synorl, “Dressing his pleasure at being pre. sent for the first: tiine ut; n meeting of the sytnod of the maritime prov. inces, and congratulating thi; mem. lit*-fs on the lllrizc attendance rind the interest manifested. ' Mr. llaniilton referred to the mis-
Tlcgrgnry campaign to open oi. Uctobgr
Referring to thc prevalsnce of war,
ll calamity no luiitgiiiige could ade- quately describc, "ri challenge to the church," and he had been disappoint- ed to hear it suggested that they should "go slow." In view of the circumstaircea he considered that there was u special need of n series of "presbyterlal held days" for ln- splrationul purposes. Mr. Hamilton gave facts to show the strength of his contention that such B campaign is badly needed. It would inspire to greater zeal and consequently more liberal giving.
The object of the laymen's mission-
ary movement is "to produce men methods" and get those into the church.
The church must keep her mission-
ary work to the fore-must press it. earnestly. Shall the money be raised in the old eflete ways or shall newer ways lie tried? The trouble is the church is inciting in leadership-the men who ought: to push this thing in the presbvteriea ure not doing it.
eyes. Thor, with his giant'a hammer, will nt last iiprlng up, and shatter to bits the Gothic cathedrals."
So wrote Heine 80 years ago, and he foretold that at the
head of the new barbarians would be found the disciples of Kant, of Flchte, and of Hegel, who. by a regular logical and historical.procen, which he traces beck to the he-
glnnlnge of German thought. had :horn the "teliamen" of ill DOYBP. '
`i"We must," said ha, "enlllii more
_men/’ ...
'PHWI AFTERNOON . SESSION.
THE lUlillElll`ll|0ll ill Will ~
CUIIGHEGIIIUIIS Ill THE S
Plllilllllllllll lIlilllll`.H
The Synod Hn a Buoy Day in Dlapuelng of Augmentation, Foreign Mie-
alon, Sunday School and Other Reports of Church Activity
HALIFAX. Oct.. 10.-The SYll0d 0! being first in order, and Mr. Butber-|
the Presbyterian Church in the Mari- land presenting a, number of recomm- i time Provinces resumed its business enduuong and reading 51,0 3 gi-eng at ten oclock on Thursday m0r_nln8- ing from the Synod of the Nw, Heb. Augmentation was the first business rideB_ B remlution recipmcstmg the :fun buf' The C°mmme° religrted expressions of attachment being past. mt t ey- regretted um to be a B ml Another resolution was one of wel- speak with optimism. This fund is h _im __ ries B W hom
in a critical state. “ We come before °°'“° "° t ° “ °"a ° you ou behalf of our own Church at 0” f“'|°‘}gh”m1°‘§l°“"i°° “'h° h“v°
home, and _wg feel that this fund done valiant worn in their respective must, of necessity, receive the interest Beltli- of the Church,” said the convener., Still anotller resolution recorded who presented the report. ,gratification at the fact. that the six
A stipend of $1,160 was equal to young men, the first; graduates of
one ot' $750 twenty years ago, and the the cope e at San Fei-uuudo, are a
g _
bout, to be ordained to the ministry Mr. Sutherland, in presenting this resolution, spoke, with rompelling resolution, spoke with compelling is a subject which obviously Mr. Sutherland has deeply at heart, and he is never heard to greater advant- age than when _pleading therefor.
Eloquently he urged ;',"e8Y~€I‘ edu-
cational facilities of the East Indian women and girls and the need for Bible ivorkers.
iirsuoiurlr. rsou 'rss w.r. M. s.
He read u memorial from the Wo-
inen's Foreign Missionary society asking that, in the event of nniulgn- mation of the I-.indi-i, thc society‘s constitution and status shall be con- serveda
Judge Forbes presented the report
on the church and mouse building fund.
The report of the comniittec on
standing committees followed, after' which .\lr. Hamilton proceeded with his address on the value nl lender- ship, which he was delivering in the morning when the time for adjourn- ment canie. He was licnrd with the closest rittcutiun as hc mentioned in- stances witliin his own personal knowledge where the iritruductiori of special rnethods, based on a systeiu- HUC “CHti\lwigri of inspiration,” had resulted in largely increased giving;-i to the sclieines of the church.
“lt _is simply the niattei' of secur-
ing leuilei‘t-iliip in our coiigregatioiis and the general adoption of ri good rnetliod in raising uioiiey," said Mr. llnmilton.
Some would say, you caii’t get
money now~there are so many other tliingu. Well, you can tt'y~“it's dcud easy to die. It’s the keeping on liv- ing t;hut's bard."
This is the time for ciiiiiliaigns-
for field days--to put the work up to every church. National policies to- day are building up walls which science, religion und cducatioii are trying to tear down. We ivaut to build a pnrliriirieiit of the world. What is the matter? We are trying to build up ri (ihristian society on an impossible busit_ We are learning up day that nrmunients cannot. prevcrit war-they provoke it. Uiliturism is only the weapon used by conimercial- isiii. We must teach the people uri- selfisliucss, co-operation. (‘u_riicgie's dove of peace is u modern it-at, thu- I-lgi-I¢'l‘t Problem today is to check unbridled ambition:
“The battle to the strong, the race
to the swift."
THE REASON' FOR INACTIUN i\LVi`.\YS READY.
There is, said the speaker. always soiiieoii-.2 to givc li reason for itine- tiun. The necessary thing is to give men a vision. A great: missionary campaign is needed, not only in the muritinie synod, but throughout: the church.
.‘lir. Hnmilton's fine address ii-as
enthusiastically received.
The report on rlnlihuth .\'c.hools
und Young l'coplt-s' Societies was nr-xt in order, lrclrig presented by ltcv. C. B. Crorvdis, of the tirgvc church.
llr. Crowrlia iirgcd
must come when this work will bv rcgarded as thc vitality iniportnnt work of the church. lf “the splendid machinery of the church fails,” then the tieircral Asscnibly commitizes will also full. Mr. (‘_ro\\'dls urged the great luiportaiiec of the work in the presbyterpq. Ile outlined the prog- ram for thc yoar.
The whole problem is one oi’ lead-
ership, and to secure this the various deiiouilnatioiis have united with the Sunday School usaoctution und the Y. M. (‘-_ A.
Tlicro must be coiigregationiil
leadersliip first of ull, mid in the sec- miilwplatie, the leadership of the old- tconrmuso on PAGE saveni"
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kt lililf-out two rvcimk the ¢_vnnd|
entered npml the business of the fifth nlofhlt, “lonlgn mlaalon business".
Cliildren’s Ilolo Proof Hosiery Six punlln wear gleruoteecl
Gore .Bites a
Men’s Women’s and Children’s Gaiters
We have an excellent showing of Leggings and over gaiters a Women"s- lac; 12
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