.roand the Ilklil II‘!

THE EXILES 01-‘ SlBERlA.

Wutasr Russia and the Russians tire the prevailing topics in all circles, a lew ga- thered remarks upon those victims of Rus- sian policy, the poor exiles, may not be deemed insppropria

the empire require that all those condemned,

in whatever part of the country they may ould passthreugh the traveller who may have chanced to be there during the weekly gathering, Will. have little diﬂiculty in recognising facts in the

have received sentence, sh

Moscow on their we to Siberia.

following account.

On reaching that city, they are all al-

lowed a brief rest in the convict-prison,

their daily journeys being so calculated that the separate hands all arrive there

from divers directions each Saturday night. After resting throughout the ensuing wee ,

during which term they are relieved ofthcir

chains, they are despatchcd in one common band on the second Monday alter their arrival; but, ore their departure, govern- ment appoints a committee of prison autho- rities to control the jailers, and to see that they do _- not use unnecessary harsliness. These members are also empowered to hear statements from the prisoners, aml, in many cases, to grant redress. Such inter- ferences do not, of course, t‘.\‘it3l\ti to the quashiiig of legal proceedings, but merely

to tho prisonei-‘s comfoi-t, his health, or

perhaps some last wishes respecting his faintly. The excellent Slazy, physician to the prisons, was, some years since, con- etuntly present on these occasions, and was one ofthe warmest philanthropi.-‘ts ever known. His exeitions on belialf-if those unhappy convicts were iiiccssiiiit; his la- bours, evidently those of a lovotliut lllittlt‘ him deem no sacritico of time or coinfoit too grout. lie was a Geriiiaii, front Iogne, and as kt-on ll Roinau (Iatliolii: as that zealous city over suit forth ; and it would be well for iiiaiikiiid, if lizilftliv world only |)tlSSt3S~‘t'tl as niiich of the ll'|i0 (7lii'ist- ian spirit as this wortliy pliilziiitliropist.

(,0-

Sparrow’s liill—for so is the place iiainc- ed front Vt'ltlt‘.lt the dooiiicd hand ilcpart-—is situated at snino distance from the city, nail is not it prison, as might be iniagiucd, but consists ofa niiinbcr oflog-huts, tIIIllt‘d by a strong woodt-n-wall, and in the lttlt.‘I‘ltil'

divided into two orthree courts, each strict- f f,.|,,,,,,;

ly guarded by sentinels. these, both sexes are to be seen mingling indiscriminately, and all dressed alike in

long loose grt-atcoats, made of a kind of

grey cloth ; the only distiiiguisliing mark is, that the men have halftheir heads shav- ed, whilst the women retain their long hair —a privilege also granted to the men as re- gards their boards ; which decoration is the pride and delight both ofthe inercliiint-class and the peasantry. They are led thence into a second court, where their names are registered ; as also their crime and history. Here they make their petitions ; some so- licitingdcavc to travel by the side of n bro- ther,a follow-cxile—a poor consolation that, ofbeing together in disgrace ; but the boon, it granted, is hailed with the greatest joy. A woman will also sometimes petition to ac- company her husband ; but only in rare casesisthis permitted. According to the laws ofitussia, she may marry again, for the banishment of the husband cancels the marriage-bond as conpletely as death ; but ifher prayer is ranted, government pay. her expenses, an she assumes the convict

dress, though not the fetters.

The children of convicts, alter five years of age, become parish property ; a ml. which tlie_various proprietors is the terri- tory arginot disposed to relax, as the boys, at east, serve ultimately so i.‘ar.to_t‘iu-gist: the c _ ription of the army.

'I‘he«e ination ps's:, the exiles are led us. thir court, where fetters are plaood upon the whole band. This is a most anus!

te; and as the laws of

HASZARD'S GAZETTE,

by strong and careless hiiiniiiering—for he often misses the mark, and strikes the ﬂesh —tiattens the bolt at both ends, in such a

way that a removal is impossible, except by --

iiieitiis of the tile: and with these chains, the poor weary footsorc wretchrs are to walk every step of a journey, which takes them only a few days short of six months. Meanwhile a sergeant stands by, who must answer tor their security with his own life, as he takes charge of them during their -pilgrimage; and he sees them properly secured and fastened together in fours by the wrists. At the head of the line stands a little table, covered with copper coins, from which every man receives in advance a certain pact of his daily allowance; government giving each for his mainten- ance forty-eightkopeclts—a fraction less than iivepence a day~—and to each woman permitted to accompany her husband, half that sum. This ceremony over, the gates are thrown open, and the world ceases to exist for them. it is surprising to witness the calm bearing, the sad but resigned looks oftliat inelancholy assemblage. Hope is now dead; and in its place a dim vague gliinincr appears in the distance of life, to which they look, perhaps, more with a dreamy curiosity than with any active feeling of terror or despair.

The gates thrown open, the exiles are handed over to a strong gii:ird, employ ‘exclusively on this ditty, and each sold r loads his gun in their presence; there 's also a mounted escort, with spears, tl commander of which carries along whi , to lash the cavalcadc into ordcr;‘ and thu they move on, the males tirst, then tli carts, and, lastly, the females. Their day's ._i-iiiriir-y is lroui 2‘! to :35 vi.-rsts (from l~i§ ,to l6._l niiles English). Pcrsniis of rank l,tlt‘(‘ not treatetl 0lll(?l‘Wl.~‘t' than the lowest lst-rl‘—-nolileiuen being coiiipelled to inarch §llI(‘ dreary journey on foot, and its lit-avily ;(‘lilllll€d as the vilrst ft-lnn. Political pri- soiit-rs at-ouniloiibtcdly treated more li:irslil_~

‘,than even the most ll‘tti(‘lt)lIS criinnals; land nltlimish. tlui-ing the contest with .l’ol:ind, lllt'lt' may livivo been exaggerated

lilctftttllllﬂ piililt.-‘lied in l".iiglaiid us totli ,niiinhers l>ll|ll.~‘lit‘(l, tlit-rt-. is not the sliglites ldoabt asto the cruelty exercised on al ‘who were so. During their short res at Moscow, they were linked togetlit-r like

, treated by their _l.'tllt‘t‘S like brutes.

1" ""3 “"51 °f"l‘lie 'l'inirs, iiianv vonrs ago, gave a i0llt'.ll-

ing nccoiint of facis which have been since coiitirinrd. One hundred iind filiy Lithu- anian nobles were nicntiont-d as having ,heen met hart.-l'ooted and chained, on their ‘inarch to Siberia —thcir sentence being, yllllll they should be put as common soldiers ,into the regiments of the Cnucasiis, Oren- _hurg, and Siberia. The two young Counts i'l‘yskiewicz, almost children, were. so loud- ,ed with heavy chains, as at each step to sink into the ground; and they held out their little hands, iinploring charity to buy lighter filters, which their guards refused ,them. At Chnracetvicze was to be seen Mr. Warcynski, the innrshal of Osmiiind, the same town wliere the Kirghiz murdered in ii church 400 women and children. He ,was seated in an open wagon—a blessed privilege, too, this was considered--his liands and feet were chained and connected to his waist by other links; a collar of iron 'encircled his neck; his long gray beard ‘ﬂoW¢d over his breast; and his head was shaved in the form of a cross—his coat being half-blacltatid lialf-white. He was condemned to hard labour for life. Those destined for theltainss are shut out even from, tb_c,light ofheavea; they not only hrs rank and ricliss, but, by -arolaenient o cruelty, are deprived even of their naines..aod a number given them instead, b which the driver of each band calls w n he has and to address-thsin.

“ Asian or -raa 'l'istss."--’l\s—seboo-

and brutal stair. The letters cousin fa

°°'.'r'° .--a-. -- r«-» --e»» --in-. ...:.".=.?...::.'. z:'.'.';' ::..f‘*-..’.°"° "~~'~ aattedliyaeliain,i_iotada ‘dl0t.itOIt,B , ww'"',l'.,d-'0-,

at‘ the person llll: is ,of stride, bat...‘ ‘h "0 ‘N g". or 0.“. run" of

of one Jinvaryia about two feet. This is connect . ' ks

not ifaﬂened b P: I, so as to be relieved at piglit, but

salt, lte., l.e.." Potatoes’. aiuat be t’

. ia the State of Maine this year.

The Nortlcni Bu, ublished at St. Peter-aburg, sa s:—“I God not us

are rivqtad by the, executioner, who, drives an iron bolt . through the rings, and,

peace, we sbal take advantage of it to provide Russia with railways.”

MARCH 26. aaszannm

‘lW:—ednesdayt_“I.a.riii—i‘-BTO,

GAZETTE

858. A most convincing proof of the ability of our farmers to supply the public with the very best of butchers‘ meat was a in the appear- ance of the Meat Market on Saturday. We doubt, if better best‘ was ever exposed for sale in any country. There may lie, and we believe there is, larger, and perhaps fatter aieat exhi- bited in the Markets of London, but we cannot conceive of its being possible to have whole~ comer food, or in tiner condition placed on the table. than that from the prise cattle of Wed- nesday last. We refer to the report of the Judges for the weight, age, kc. We could wish

ket House, as of the articles in market. It

selling, is most felt. heard of the Legislature a propriating a sum for the purchase ofa site. or ii. building of this nature is as uiuch wanted for the beneﬁt of the country as the town, and the expense ought to be mutually borne. 'l‘he splendid carcasses ofﬁne beef were not the only pleasant objects that met our eye on Saturda . Opposite to Ilr. William Dodd's Auction ooiu, was a most goodly row of ﬁnished ploughs—30 in num- her—-accoinpanied by 1 i pairs of lliitrows. made by Mr. William Jiikeman. This shows well, as nifording a proofcf increasin _ capital laid out to the best advanta c. it is iy means of the plough and harrow tint the island is destined at no very distant date. to become for its size, one of the most celebrated agricultural communities on this side the Atlantic. its sons are just beginning to feel the importance. and we would fain hope, the dignity of tlit.-ir posi- tion. and it is with heartfelt pleasure, that we behold these exhibitions of their power and ability to excel. A most extensive market is now open to their productions, and they must take pains to avail themselves of it. We anti- ciptito, that in the course of a few years. thi- ouiuicrcc between this island and the l'nitcd ‘tates of America will have increased in it ratio that will nstonish the fariiit-rs tlicinselvcs, iind that ii virii-ty of urtii-lt-s will have to lie raised, that they little dream of now. Some of our most iiitclligeiit, lit‘l~li-t‘(l\l('i|lt'li young int-ii must tiuit those ports on the Atlantic, and euro- fully not" their trants, and calculate wlictlit-1'3 the farmers of the Island can niinistrr to those wants in it nianner that. will he prolituhle to Illt‘llIt|t‘l\'t'tl and l)t‘nCllCi'.il to the others, and by cominunit-ating the result of their observations encourage others to coiiiniencc the culture of those articles which are most wanted, and for which there will be the most. extensive dcinand. lt is said by sonic upon whose judgment great reliance is placed, that we are likely to have iin early spring, and we shall be pleased to find their prognostications correct ; not that we attach so much importance to the earliness of the season as we do to the continuance of this weather; after it has commenced, we have. frequently known an early spring succeeded by sharp trusts which did more injury to the fur- iner and vardener, than the prt-cocity of the season di good. An early season is however of great importance to the ariner in the saving of fodder, and in the enabling him to get his land in good order for sowing, as well as aI'ord- ing the ground the opportunity of getting warm before the seed is put. in. There are iiiany cir- cunistanct-s at the present time that are telling well for the farmer, and among these we are inclined to place the rosccution of the rail- roads in the neighbouring provinces in it very prouiincnt rank. Let these roads be connected with the Island by well appointed steam boats and we are brought within it day or two of what will then he the best possible markets lndependcntl of this the concourse of stran- era that wil be by this means attracted to the sland. will be naturally great. It will be too much to hope that many will stay. In order to induce them, we must have an alien Act passed: but that would tend to develop the resources of the island and make cultivated land twice as valuable as it new is. The pass- ing such an Act‘ would "no proof of suit d sense and goodshpolicy, and consequently itlils 0!)

not to be t tot’.

Yovro Maa’s Onatsrisn Assocurion.--The Itev. J. l‘Leod will Lecture on Thursday next, on “laldelity and Christianity coatrsstedﬂ

hs bssa vsattas bssiasu nan- h the IoI.s.s-‘shes oar last,”but not

ill is and laaiaiittss. --aissas Gas Light Coni-

’ poly, Bill

is at such times that the want ofa proper place _ for the convenience of the public in buying and‘ ' We had hoped to have '

A rumour is current in the city. ‘at there in ’ is to bean early dissolution of the House of Asssiabiy. » _ v p A

we were able to report as favorably of the Mar- V

i i ii 4 ‘l

To in»: l-Iniroii or ll.isz.titn's Gtzrnx.

ir ; lbcg to send you the above list of prizes aw-arilt-d at the E-stt-r Show of Fat Stock on Wediiesday lust, and I doubt not you did Vouf. sell the pleasure of attending the iiiarkizt on Saturday to view the carcasses of the prize nniinals. l"int-r Beef, I believe, was never nxlii. hitcd in this City ; and it is gratifying to think that tho labors of the lloyal Agricultural So- ciety, in introducing pure-brcyi animals have ¢ been so for successful. It is now it lully esta- blished fact--even in l’. E. island-—that. stock of any kind coming to inaturityat an early age, ay the breeder iind feeder much better than a mongrel breed, which are extremely diliicult to feed at an it The short- i0l‘nl commence to feed fat. whoa calves, this property increases with their rowtb. and at a year old, they have all the mblance of Cows. The breeders of short burns in England. instead of keeping them to three, four, or five years of age, fatten them and sell them olfiit. lrom two to two and a half ‘ears; they can thus ttirn of one hiilfmore at east, if not it greater proportion of Beef from the fiirin or the stall, than could possiblyhc done with any other breed, Hence they have quick returns, and large amounts of beet lor the food consumed. It is not denied that the short-horns require good keep and shelter and carc—“ They also sequin noasistiisg --but she pays or all, for she is a cow when another is a calf; the ex is fat, when the other is growing." he short-horns will feed to an enormous size. The famous Durham ox weighed 2620lbs. and the still more famous Yorkshire ex, 3709. Comet a well known Bull, bred by Mr. Charles Collings, sold for £1000 sterling. £500,104» and even £700 are still given for first rsto , short-horn Balls. Cotnrg small things with great, we need not at all ashainedo the recent exhibition. for notwitbltandiii tlit severity of our winter, which has liitberto‘baIs considered the great drawback to the secessi- fgl inbt‘rooduotipn0o{' léirods oz; in roved stock- tes nceo i an at or ' available’ to feeders ital Great Britain 2 young stook sliswn by Mensa Bear, lI0|'I0> were in ' hast ' credits ls botli to

breeders and fiﬁidsrs. and in be i ked upon as an earnest of what will -and y baton ' be In and the

lbitsdlytb "ru-

n ways and passed.

1'1