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Tithe Education

Cillcrl Print. Edward lslanu Like the Dew "hushed every week-day mormng at 165 Pl‘lnt‘e Street Cha'lclletnun P.E.I., by Thomson Newspapers Ltd.

an A. Burnett, Publish" and General Manager Frank Walker, Editor Member Canadian Daily Newspaper Publishers Assocration Member of The Canadian Press Member Audit Bureau of Circulations Iran”. offices at Summerside, Montague and Alberton Represented Nationally by Thomson Newspapers Advertising Service (4 King Street West Toronto. Out. 640 Cathcart St., Montreal 10:30 West Georgia 51., Vancouver By Carrlev Charlottetown. Summerside 30¢ per week 3! Mai elsewhere in P.E.l. $9.00 per annum. Other Prrvincei and United States 312.00 per annum “The strongest memory 1.! weaker than are weakest ink."

PAGE 4 MONDAY, DEC. 8, 193‘s

High Qualifications

The new standards set for tea- chers’ qualifications will', we believe, put this Province on a level with the most advanced in [this field. It is a forward step; and, in course, of time, it may be expected to bring about improvement in the whole educational system. Before it can produce its maximum value, how- ever, something .more will have to be done to give teachers an incen- tive to pursue higher professional standing. ‘

At the present time there is not enough difference between salaries paid second class teachers and those received by the fully qualified. When the Superior 4 license—the highest on the list—comes into the picture, the small “increments” will appear all the more inadequate. Without having any statistical data

to work on, we shouldnayxoffhalnd~

that there should be as much as three or four hundred'dollarsa year difference between the salaries paid teachers of 'Supeoior 4 license and those paid Superior 1 license hold- ers. Certainly, it should be enough to make it worth while for teachers to work .for the highest qualifica- tn'on. '

And there is another need, al- ready referred to in these columns: the need to reward superior teach- ers,l whatever their professional qualifications may be. A Superior 4 license does not necessarily mean that the holder is a. superior first class teacher. As in all other pro- fessions, there are varying degrees of talent and ,skill. Wherever talent and skill are found in extraordinary measure these qualities should be

recognized "In ‘i’ ‘ tangibldtt'fwayys ~

whether the teacher happens to be teaching .on 1 Superior 4 "license or on a permit. Fire Prevention

Charlottetown and Halifax and, no, doubt, other Canadian cities are checking their schools for fire hazards. Civic officials have been

reminded of this need’by the school fire in Chicago that took 90 lives.

It is well that the inspections are taking place; at this time for, of course, the winter season is a par- ticularly dangerous period for fires. But the possibility of fires in schools and other public buildings

' must be counted as a year round danger. Nor is it by any means con- fined to old buildings that lack modern preventive measures. A fire can take place and get out of con- trol in the most modern building equipped with the latest devices.

We are of the opinion that in- spection should be carried out periodically, summer as well as winter—perhaps once a month would not be too often. Most im- portant .of all, regulations concern- ing furnaces, basements, exits and periodical fire drills should be rigid- ly enforced at all times. One slight deviation frOm the rules of safety might very easily result in disaster.

Security Rates Compared

A study of Canada’s old age pen- sion program having been ordered by Prime Minister Dicfenbaker, the Fin- ancial Post makes some comparisons with the social security laws in the United States. Such a comparison will be one of the chief aims of the govern- ment investigation.

The Post points out that under the latest proposed modification of the U. S. social security law, an American couple received as much as $2,286 a year. In Canada the current maximum for a married couple'both 70 years old or over is $1,320. This makes Can- adian payments look small by com- parison, but a consideration of certain factors lessens the discrepancy.

In Canada about 99 per cent of people 70 or over receive $55 a month regardless of their previous earning power. Means test pensions of the same amount are available to Cana- dians from the age of 65. In the Unit- ed States pensions start at 65, but re-

cent figures snow that only 02 per cent of those 6.3 and OVBI‘ are actually receiving old age security benefits. Another 12 per cent are eligible but are still working. A further seven per cent are receivmg benefits under al- ternative plans and a group totalling 18 per cent. not entitled to old age se- curity benefits. are rc'eiving old age assistance based on means tests.

This indicates that only 72 per cent of Americans who have reached 65 are actually receiving old age pen- sions. The Post also calculates that on the basis of quoted figures the aver- age U.S. social security payment is about $65 a month, campared with our $55.

The cost of the Canadian program is rising relatively slowlv. Cost of the US. program, which is linked to the individual’s contribution. is rising ra- pidly because more and more people are reaching an age at which their contributions are sufficient to make them eligible for pension.

While the $55 a. month now paid our older citizens may not seem large, the Post points out that a married couple" receiving $110 between them would have to have saved about $18, 000 to buy an annuity at 70 which would pay them that much for life. Should they desire to preserve their capital it would take about $38,000 in- vested at four per cent to produce $110 a month income.

Tarill Reductions

The six countries making up the European Common Market—Ger- many, France, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg— have agreed to reduce their tariffs by ,10 per cent and extend it to all members of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). A report from Ottawa says that this

news was received with “great gratification” by the Canadian Government. ,

helps to strengthen Canada’s trade with Europe is worth rejoicing about. A 10 per cent cut in tariffs is quite a concession from an area that in time hopes to make itself econo- mically independent, or nearly so.

.It is evident, however, that the action of~the six countries is aimed not so much atGATT in general or’ at,” overseas trade in particular as at’Biitaiii, which is pressing for a European free trade area to include the six Common Market nations and the eleven other countries mak- ing up the Organization for Euro- pean Economic Co-operation. This free trade idea is being held up, pending settlement 'of differences between Britain and France on how the plan should be implemented.

Canada does, of course, benefit by the concession. But whether or not this will be a long-term prospect will depend on the manner in which Canada and other non-European countries face up to the Common Market and Free Trade economic facts. The 10 percent reduction in tariffs will have to be met by recip- rocal action, if it is to have any permanent basis. Canada cannot expect to have the double benefit of low tariffs on exports and high tariffs on imports.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Veterans Minister A.J. Brooks, " chairman of a cabinet committee ap pointed to look into the matter of “inequities in the railways’ freight rate structure”, has said that the committee plans to hear evidence from “experts”. We must hope that not all the experts will be railway - officials.

* *

991,000 trees were planted in the forest district of Swastika in Ontario this year, according to the Department of Lands and Forests. This is believed to be the largest number to be planted in a district in any one year. The plantings in- cluded 408,000 white pine, 161,250 red pine, 206,000 white spruce and 75,750 black spruce. Ontario leads Canada in reforestation practices.

a: an ale

Attorney General Bonner of British Columbia says that his Government is still of the opinion that the Provincial Premiers should meet to protest new freight rates. ’If, as seems likely, the 17 per cent increase was only a sample of what the Railways hope to get in the near future, it is high time that the Eastern and Western Provinces made some really strong represen- tations on the matter to the Feds- ral Cabiu’

‘3

’ Well, of course, anything that'

THE THREE MUSKETEERS

The Path To The Stars

, Werner Baedeler in

V Manned travel to OIh’El‘ worlds is probably nearer than it seem-I

_ ed a few months ago. At least}

that was the opinion expressedi by specialists from some twenty countries who met recently in: Amsterdam to review progressl achieved in the different brainch- '3 es of astronautical science. For, a whole week they discussed I every aspect of astronautics with I the knowledge and experience of .

some of the leading experts ati at their disposal. Stars in this assembly of “star reachei‘s"

were the "fathers" of the Soviet

and American satellite project.

Professors Sedov and Werner von Braun.

There has been much talk about what the recording a lid transmitting equipment of Ex - plorers I and II have taught us in respect to the physical cond-i- tion-s at the fringe of the atmos- phere. In some cases the find - lugs are in full agreement with theory and had been predicted for some years. But at the same time the Explorers, reported — just as the Russian Sputnikls did - surprising facts about a radia— tion belt whOSe existence no one had suspected.

ALTERED TUNE

When the first satellites ap - proached .an altitude of about 1,000 kilometres, the tune emit - ted by their transmitters as a guide to the intensity of cosmic radiation would alter its fre - quenicy back and forth, thereby indicating a tremendous increase in radiation. At first scientists believed that this change wa 5 caused by a fault in the record- ing gadgets, but they soon had to accept the idea of a radiation current circling the earth above the thousand kilometre limit. and always following the lines of force of the magnotic field which surrounds our planet.

Nobody yet knows how far this belt extends. Some scientists be-

Unesco Features

lieve that it ends at an altitude of two or three thousand kilo- metres, others speak of six to seven thousand.

But. whatever the correct fig- ure, the question remains: what would be the'effect of this radia- tion belt on human being-s? Does

r..-

likewise suggested by Professor Singer, proves correct. there is not the slightest chance of the brush being feasible. In any case, as far as starting and landing operations are concerned, the space ships would still have to penetrate the radiation belt. -

To avoid this it was s'uglgestedl that their launching and landingl sites should be built near the‘ poles of the earth since, follow- ing the magnetic lines of force,

it Present any bimogical and I the radiation belt extends only up

medical hazards for future space travellers?

I RADIATION PROBLEM

The recordings made by the earth satellites indicate that the

I I

to latitudes of approximately thir- ty degrees north and south. and} then fades out. Thus. a mannedl

space vehicle starting from some- I ‘

where near the poles would not

impact of electrically charged} encounter the belt at all.

particles (of which the radiation in the belt is believed to consist.)

‘ But perhaps the most unconven- ional idea was put forward by

upon a material body like a sa-. IOl'l Braun himself. He waved

ell-ite or a space ship, prod-ulc- cs a kind of radiation which the

scientist generally refers to asi

Bremsstrahlung. This radiati o n is composed of .X-rays, which can

certainly harm the human body?

if it is exposed to them inten- sively and for a long period. For this reason some specialists suggested encasi-nig space ships in a shell of lead several inches thick. Though this may sound a good solution from the point of view of radiation absorption, it creates new difficulties for the spaceship engineer, intent keeping the weight of his craft as light as possible.

To meet these objections. oth- er suggestions were put forward during the Amsterdam meeting.

on:

Professor Fred Singer of the Uni-_

vel‘siity of Maryland - well known in astronautical circles for his unconventional ideas - suggest» ed a sort of a “brush” which would sweep away the radiation particles within a narrow band, inside which a manned space sta- tion could then circle. ‘ OTHER SUGGESTIONS

Of course, the idea of the elec- tron - swallowing satellite which

is to make a path for the manned -

station. depends very much on

the origin of the radiation belt, ‘

and unless the theory on this.

"BathroomOf The Future”

The September issue of a trade publication called Actual. Specify- ing Engineer contains an article entitled “Bathroom of the Future.”

In the first plce, the termi- nology has been altered, and we

have a new concept for the American people — “the health room.” -

The health room has a sunken swimming pool which “allows the entire family to bathe to-

‘gether if they like. A sliding top

can conceal the pool and by a touch of a button can provide floor space for entertaining.”

Jerome Beatty in the Saturday Review

There are 21 other marvelous features. such as “variable con— trol health vibrator, power oper- ated towel cabinet refrigerated health drink dispensers, three dimensional television, electron- ic memory scale and low fre- quency, vibrating chair.”

The health room has an elec- tronic home laundry which “at the mere insertion of any article a, will wash, dry, press and sani- ‘ tize it, and then ring a harmonic chime 10 to 15 minutes later Iwhen the cycle is completed.” IThen there is the “walk through power shower that automatical-

i‘way all the difficulties by say- l-g: “The radiation belt is of no mean: for the launching and riding operations of space craft. .‘hey will be through it in a mat—

tion is of comparatively low en- ergy, we do not need to bother about it.” MANNED SPACE STATION

Of course," he admitted, “the situation is different for a man- tled space station. It could not itay within the belt unless it had

space below the belt. At 700 kilo- metres’ altitude a space station revolving in a real circle would: have ,a practically infinite life- time.” .

Von Brau‘n is convinced that manned space flight will become a reality within a matter of years. That this idea does not seem as E l remote as it did only a few rears ago, is indicated by the nterest lawyers and lawmakers are suddenly showing in the matter.

Thus slowly but surely the path to the stars is being cleared. lit 5 may still take years. even decad- es. but man has reached the hreshold of the universe and. iooner or later, he will start out I on the great adventure.

ly wets. soaps, cleanses, dries and scents the user as he slowly walks through.”

I suppose you think the actual specifying engineers are kid- ding. Well, they are not. They have drawn a picture of the health room, which is three times the size of your living mom, alid they have even car- ried over one old-fashioned gim- mick from what we used to call the bathroom: “A water closet with a power operated door."

Unfortunately, there is no place in the health room to park your car, so presumably people will have to walk out when they wish to go some place, although I cannot think of any reason why they should need to leave

the health room.

The Chapel

In St. Paul’s

New York Times

In St. Paul’s Cathedral, Lon-l don, the American bugler play-, ed “Taps” and the British trump- i eter answered with th e “Reveil- ' le.” The eternal round of sleep. and awakening, deaths and re- i birth, was the fitting symbol for I all that went into the American chapel which was dedicated there recently. _ i

The 28.000 Americans who died in Britain or from British bases 1 in World War II will live in the record of the honor roll on the pedestal in the chapel. They will live because more than 3.000.000 Britons gave their small inval- uable tribules. but, mosl of all because of “the common sacri -

fices made by the British a n d American peoples during the Sc- cond World War."

C o m m o n sacrifices. com - mon heritage. common ideals -- it takes ceremonies like this to remind us that we and the Bri- tish live in one world. REPRESENTATIVES

Queen Elizabeth II and Vice

l’rcsidelu Nixon were i'cpl'cscma» tivcs for all Britons and all Am- ericans. as the relatives of tho

fathers and sons, brothers and husbands ,gave their 'lives.

The noble cathedral that Chris- topher Wren rebuilt of Idle white stone of Portland after the great

cendiaries landed on bulk, and still, when V-E Day came, there was the cathedral intact amid the surrounding ruins. It was the stout heart of London that went on beating. a triumph of the spirit, a haven of rest. PRECIOUS MEMORIES

Now and as long as St. Paul's Cathedral stands it will harbor

its great

me m 1666 was the place ab°Ve , sad and precious memories of our

all others where one would want to have seen the American chap- 9.1.

That St.

been standing on

Paul‘s should have:

own American dead. The names hat are inscribed there will commemorate the tragedy a nd zlory that we and the British

I I I I I

the Sunday? ‘)ald for and won together in a

morning in May, 1941, after the‘. hat cause. However much the

great blitz of London's City was like a miracle. ~

Twice during the war 500 - pound high e x pl 0 5 iv e bombs hit St. Paul's and about fifty in-

“!!ng ‘8 ' ' “' " "5 ' ginlfllll'llflllfilfllfllfil‘ QflKKK 'IK'ZAEMM'

THAT ARE SURE TO PLEASE EVERYONE

IRONS PIN UP LAMPS

RADIOS ELECTRIC CLOC KS

’é'é’fl’fi’gg'é’gfi’g'fiK’éfi!

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American (load who attended tho dedication won-c tllc dollagaté‘s for all the other thousands whosu i

dawn-are

ll'l' Kent St.

ELECTRIC TOASTERS and KETTLES

We also carry REFRIGERATORS LOWESC mucus lN TOWN.

MacLEAN & SON

living may have failed the dead in these frustrating years of peace. those who gave their liv— es earned a great victory. It could never have been takn

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Charlottetown

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or of hours. And since the radia- '

a lead protection. But it does not I eed to stay there; there is ample ‘,

Losing Fear Of The Doctor

By Herman N. Bundcsen. 1“. DH

TRYING to think oi somb- tlling to gel your younustor for Christmas? It's aluays quue a problem. I know. to come up:

with something that will plcasc' the youngsters and serve some educational. or at least usefuh purpose at the same time. i

Well. what about one of those “Play Doctor" sets? I am not advocating any particular kind: but I do think. that the young, sters will get a kick out of a toy‘ stethoscope, candy pills and the like.

DISPELS FEAR

Even more important is th at by familiarizing themselves with a doctor‘s technique and instru- ments, they are preparing them- selves for the big trip to see a real doctor. The first visit to a doctor or dentist is a trip into the unknown. And most children have a natural fear of the un- known.

Moreover, far too often some parents unknowingly instill_fear in their children. particularly fear of doctors and dentists. FRIGHTENING IMAGE

A simple pas-sing remark by some adult about an unpleasant medical or dental experience may create a rather frightening image in a youngster’s mind.

Permitting your child to play at being a doctor will help put the medical profession in its pro- per perspective with him.

Moreover, if you play doctor! with him, the results probably will be even better. This simu- l‘ates some of the experiences he will have during the actual visit. TAKE CHILD ALONG

As further preparation for that first visit. I suggest that you take your child along the next time you make an appointment for yourself.

Again, this helps serve as an introduction to the doctor or den— ‘ist and to his office and equip- 'n.ent. ,