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FRIDAY. SEPT. I. 1357

Scientiiic Discussions

The growing importance of Can- ada in ways other than economic is seen in the I'llC('lllll', of 1.200 scient- ists from all parts of the world in

the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics. This is the first time in its 38 years of existence that the union has met outside Europe.

The primary purpose of the meet- ing is to compare notes on results so far attained in the,Inter-national Geophysic Year. But. as Prime Min- ister Diefenbaker pointed out in his welcoming address. the meeting may be given an opportunity to help "diminish and dissolve unresolved tensions between nations-a para- mount responsibility of mankind to- day if mankindls survival tomorrow is to he assured." Perhaps the most encouraging thing about this con- ference is the fact that Russian scientists-59 of them-are meeting with their Western colleagues for exchange of ideas. The scientists. in the normal course of their studies and research, were partly respon- sible for the serious dangers which confront the world in these anxious days. This is not to suggest that they must assume the blame; for, of course, no scientific discovery is In itself an evil thing. It is merely to state that scientific progress in the atomic field, at a time when political tensions between rival blocs of nations were at a high pitch. did. in fact, create new dangers; and this is something which in all proo- Ibility the scientists themselves re- gret as much as other people do.

In these circumstances it is fitt- lng that the scientists should be in- terested in doing what they can-and

the dangers and lessen the tensions. A statement by the President of the I.U.G.G. at the opening of the Tor- onto conference. to the effect that the building of the first atomic bomb was "the greatest single achievement of organized science" is, however, subject to some qualification. It ls hard to believe that "the building of the first atomic bomb" confered any benefit of any sort on mankind. Indeed, it seems more reasonable to say that as far as the bomb itself

is concerned, the world would be much better off if it had never been assembled. The development of at- omic "energy" is of course another matter. That could. and let us hope it will, bring great benefits to the world. But so long as the threat of the bomb hangs over civilization, so long must the potential benefit of the discovery ltsclt remain doubtful. In other words, the good that I great scientific achievement made possible must await removal of the evil which also came with it.

Perhaps between sessions devoted to the study of the earth and its complexities, the scientists assembled at Toronto will be able to think up recommendations to help in the solu- tion of the problem. If they can do t.hIt, they will have achieved some- thing a thousand times more valu- able than was the splitting of the Atom.

Terror In Hungary

1 The United Nations Assembly &Qthlngtobeproudofinthe of mhappy Hungary. It: cori-

I .. . of Communist terrorism lidlltfy in on recordyand so

doubt continue. But there was pomp expectation that the terror would end; that there would be I cesation of the executions and deportations and bnltalities.

The hope and the expectation have not been fulfilled. The tenor continues. After I slight lull, it has been resumed and intensified. Day after day there come new reports of new ancsts. of new sentences. Sen- tences have been revised. The men originally sentenced to temis of im- prisonment have been condemned to death and executed.

The new wave of arrests began on the night of July 16th. How many there have been is unkown. For on July 16th the Kadar Gov- ernment had issued a decree pro- longing indefinitely its self-given power to arrest and imprison any- body without trial and without any but the vaguest charge. But there is do doubt that the number runs into many thousands.

Nor is the number of executions known. In July, the official figure was 104. But the International Com- mission of Jurists had evidence sug- gesting that it was already in fact over 2,000. Since July, no official figures have been given. That in itself is grimly significant.

The fate of outstanding figures is still unkown. When the new wave of terror started former Communist Premier lmre Nagy was reported still interned in Roumania. But since then there has been no word of him. Former Communist Minister of De- fence Colonel Paul Maleter-hcrolc defender of the Kilian Barracks dur- ing the revolution-was lured bv the Russians to armistice talks and then kidnapped. lie is still in prison "awaiting trial". And the ominous charge is now made in the official Kadar press that he had been acting under instructions from the "British Intelligence Service". His friends fear that ”pressure” is being brought on him to "confess" and that this is way the "trial" is being delayed.

The terror in Hungary today- ten months after the rising-is as savage as during its immediate sup- pression; without the excuse that such things may happen in hot blood. It is as cold, as deliberate and as ruthless as anything that hap- pened in Russia in the worst years of the Stalin Regime. And it could not happen without the approval of the Soviet Government or without the protection of the terrorists by the Soviet Army of Occupation.

EDITORIAL NOTES

A certain electric light company in the United States has asked the State Public Utilities Commission to allow it to reduce its rates. If that isn't the prize wonder story of the year, it certainly isn't far from it.

at u e

' Considering the developments which have been made in radio com- munications. it seems almost incred- ible that the first experimental broadcast was made just 50 years ago. The man who was responsible for it, Dr. Lee DcForcst of Lbs Angeles, recently celebrated his 84th birthday. He is in good health and still working on inventions.

I I I

President Eisenhower has asked Congress to increase tariffs on lead and zinc imports. Congressional ad- vocates of more liberal trade meth- ods are Iald to be against the pro- point. The normal method is for requests for higher tariffs to go before the Tariff Commission before being passed on for Presidential con- sideration. In this case Mr. Eisen- hower thinks the matter is very urgent; but it seems likely that Con- greal will insist on the usual pro- endure.

I I n I

A newspaper columnist rn Van- couver has charged that in some unlicensed rest homes for elderly and chronically ill persons some of tin patients are treated harshly and even made to go without food for

PUBLIC FORUM

This column 'II upon to the discur- don by currupuritealn of question nl lllls-n-II. Thu Guuldtln duel not neoco- Iarily ondoru I-III opinion of cones pnndeau

POTATO PROBLEMS

Sir,-- in your recent editorial on potato grading you overlook- ed one lery important point; the condition of the crops. which is very often beyond the control of the producer. It is easy to put up a good grade if you have a clean , crop. But if you have lnuch hlighl or storage rot, frost or scab you can be as careful as you like; every time they Ire handled something will show up. You can't sell No. 2 if the market is dull or low.

I think nearly every farmer likes to put up I good grade if he can. we certainly need I good starch factory, but I voluntary one-cent levy is only good for I short time. II the fellow who takes I free ride Ioon " uses the root.

The reason for to mail I membership and attendance at the Potato Producers Association is that our number one problem is marketing. not production.

What happened to those who were advocating more beef Ind poultry for the MIrltimeI'! We have so much we can only get til we can sell! about one-halt what we should be getting. Per- haps there should be In investi- gatllnmshould there be more vacant farms?

I am. Sir. etc.. WONDERING FARMER Freetown. P.E.l.

S?-m

HOME TIIOUGIITI FROM ABROAD

Slr,- A fourteen page letter from I favorite niece holidaying on the island, and I request for another Guardian letter has temp led me to delve back into mem- or.v'I pages. Not that I really need such prompting as each edition of your fine publication contains items that make me I bit nostalgic.

August is fast waning and with

Checking On

Top scientists from 50 countries! today began reporting first results of I unique physical exam of Mother Earth.

This head-lo-toe checkup is the International Geophysical Year which began July 1 and lasts ll months.

Dr. K. N. Ramanathan of India called it I greater scientific ef- fort than creation of the first atomic bomb and said lGY's tlpotentinlitics for the unification of mankind are infinitely great-

Dr. Ramanathan, director of the physical research iaboratofy It Ahmedabad. lndiI. is. presi- dent of the international Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, one of

-the large Iclcntlflc organlntl

sponsoring the IGY. IGY bands scientists from 04 countries in intensive. co-operI-

littlc girls in blue - actually - I recall the Ihnda vIvlCy. Our dresses were hljl-necked Ind we were brooches - mine was stone: - glue 1 Iuumo. My III- ter'I wn oblong with I colored stone in the center. Our dresses bad shlrred yokcs. capes on the shoulders lace trimmed and of course lace around the collar.

In those d y: little girls worn their hair i brIldI It homo and school. except Ipeclal oc- culons. but when vlsltlhg or Church it was worn looose except for Iomc around the face pulled back and tied with I big ribbon bow on top of the head. In our pictures the photographer drIp- ed out tressu over our shoulders Io quite I bit of the wavy lengths are visible. How quaint old pic- tures look after the passing of tho yun Ind the changing styl- es, but nonetheless interesting and precious to one who loves old things!

My mother always dressed my sister and me alike, but i chang- ed that I bit in the choice of I winter coll. Usually i wasn't noted for self-Issertion but, that was one time when the ugliness

it I assume many of the tourists will he on the homeward trek after enjoying the incompara- ble beaches and Ill the loveli- ness Ind quiet beauty of the Garden Province. According to I letter from I friend. the country never was more beIutlful. Al- though I hear the weather was not the most ldeIl for haying. it was kind to gIrdenI and the country's loveliness in general.

by the time this communica- ilon reaches the lint. the Exhi- bition will be I thing of the past. but its memories wllll linger long la the minds of those for- tunate enough to Illcnd. The lays of meeting old friends from different Inland locIles, those from far distant pincer who have been lured back by childhood: memories to revisit friends. will give added no in daily routine parhnpn non up. til the next "Old Home Week".

the wane. there soon: In be no

dearth of the race horses.

The first time I null - dim- - Charlottetown III the Ex-

hibition was when I was

what! and attended lit

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and l

,of the fabric and Itylc of girl's I winter colts mIde me defy em- barrassment to my sister who was the clerk waiting on us.

The winter coals were three- quarler length Ind an ugly grey tweed. it my memory serves me correctly. but nothing to warrant enthusiasm re I new coat. The one I had my eye on was I pret- ty blue with I bit of red trlm. but it was just I Inug fit when purchased. Ind. II youngsters have I habit of growing, the sleeves were I bit short by the lime Spring rolled Iround and it wII not nearly as warm II my sister's. However, I survived the l winter cold.

To come back to horun, I Il- ways loved to ride them. but nev- er was lucky enough to own I Ildc-Iaddle II Iome of my girl friends were fortunate enough to have. In fact I never asked my did for one; probably reamed lllflh!Yt0I1!IIitIIIfurnov-

By Alton L. lilakeslcc Auoclaied Prcu Science Writer

learn. of all physicll aspects of

' For the next two weeks mem-

l urn almost undcfinablc sun of Inner

Mother Earth

live studies. Ibaring all they

the planet we live on-from its

molten hurt to the vltIl myster- ies of space far overhead. AIIEPORTS ON PROGRESS

bers of the IU(lG will report plans and progress in most of the major IGY Itudics. These in- clude weather. earthquakes and the earth's interior, the upper at- mosphere. natural Ind man-made radio-activity. magnetism. ocean depths, currents and tides. the earth's water balance. more ex- act knowledge of the size and shape of the eanh, Ind its vol- canic fevers.

Delegates will report new studies in the In of earth - naw estimated It 4.500.000.000 years; whether the earth is warming up, whether continents have drifted IpIrt 'or the North and South Poles have ,”wand- ered" in times past with vast ef- fects on climate. They'll describe new exploration of the Arctic Ind Antarctic and cumin: llunil into IpIcI with mIn-made moons.

Russia has set 59 delegates and guests. the United Kingdom I). Franco 1!. Belgium 15. Pm lInd I0. Japan 1!, the United Stain zoo. Altogether more than L300 delcutu. obnrvel-I Ind guests IN expected for this mu gcncnl Iucrnbly of the IUGG.

mm.--:-:-ft

The poalfnlll usually Ir:lved It the pontofflcc Iround noon. In in order to not lottnl-I in tho out-going mail on needed to go before dinner (nooni which 1 did Ind walled till Mrs. Stewart sorted the mIll. Usually the loc- Il school-teacher boarded It the pout-office, union the teacher was I Ion or daughter of the community when they boarded It home. A ulster Ind I first-cousin taught me in school, IlIo I near neighbor. I had hoped the new road would he I paved highway. but II I rolItlvI Ipokc of dust from the now put. I fear that is too much to expect. A horse- IlIble- (In, my dIyi- of my cou- sins. and next door neighbor - had to be demolillltd. also part of the front yard. According to my niece the uld IlIblI VIII In ice and woodhouu in her dIy. Progress!

But I like to recall my cousin and bin horua - he did not have In many II we hId II his farm wu Imaller Ind he opuatod the mills - now only I saw-mill left where there were two mllll.

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uua. . be iangcnouph foryoutollolawhu Itretebad to your full lentil. Iprlnu should permit your ml remain generally II I In

its

led wire link: which are futon- Id to strong Ipl-inn It the foot Ind the head of the bed.

Bed: with fabric or woven wire Ipringl tend to II! in I llam- mock-like effect.

Your mattress should be mod- cratcly soft. it should not be lumpy or have hollow spots. if it is stuffed with horsehair, it should be renovated every few years.

Those of you with spine or sac- roiliac ailments might need I firmer mattress Ind spring Ir- rangement. It's up to your own doctor. of course. to decide what in best. for you in such uses.

In inner-spring mattresses. the spring coils form open cells. This gives these mattresses some ven- tilation which is line during the summer. but might be a bit chil- ly during the winter. Placing I blanket between the mattresl and the lower Ihcet will keep you warmer.

Blankets should be warm. yet light in ueight. Best type prob- ably are blankets of wool of I loose. fluffy texture. Not only is this type fairly light, it IlIo re- tains body heat. Electric blankets generally are okay.

FLUFF THE PILLOW

Fluff your pillow before going to bed. it should not be too thick. though. since it's best for your head to remain in I straight line with your spine when you lie on

r side.

While it might not be practical at this time to change mattress- es Ind bedlprings just becaun I Iay Io. keep these Iuggeslionl in mind the next time you're in the market for these items. And for better sleep it would be well for all of us to have our mat- tresses checked at regular inter- vals.

You might be Iurprlsed how comfortable you can be. QUESTION AND ANSWER

G. R.: is it necessary to be immunized against dlplhcrla? Answer: Definitely. yea. One of the reasons why diptherin is not II prevalent II it was formerly is tho fact people In now bcing immunized Illlinst. it. thus pre- venting the spread of the dlseIII.

The Age Old Story

lot. we have this treasure II earthen vessels, that the excel- lelcy of the power may be of God. III In of II.

ON Till MOUNTAIN

Where IIOIII the woodroId'I odu p The gentle tiger-lily Ipllt , Her uvnge loveliness, the doc Stood trembling in thIt spotted silt. Waiting for the evening's verge

To deepen into hemlock stars. Out of the far-thrush woods. the

buck uapt the fallen rallfenco barn.

Motlonlesl they stood iouthor. And motionless we watched them ITIOVQ To the roadside Iprlnll. Ind ben- ding throats, stars in qulelneu Ind love.

-Frances Frost ll the Christian science Monitor.

OUR YESTERDAYS

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS A60

to hear of something being done about the sharp turn on the hill Iblg hill. we called it! on the oth- crI side of the old home proper- ty, II It in: definitely I haunt. but Ilu-Icllvc Ind tree-lined.

Already there norm to be I bit of fIll in the air, In unexplain- Iblo Iomcthln - I bit of sad- ncu ICIIII Mother Nat-

grllt Ind carding. I would llkep

(Sept. I. I!!!)

A report to the Carnegie Foun- dation on the libraries of Prince Edward Island will be made by Dr. G. R. lnmcr. Librarian of IlcGlll University. Dr. burner is presently on his way to Char- lottetown to begin the work of determining the nature of the contribution which the Carnegie Foundation may make to the li- braries of this Province.

About in hundred

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