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Caron Prinu Edward Island Mk. the Do.

Published every Week-day morning at 165 Prince Siren Charlottetown, P.E.l.. by the Thomson Company Ltd. In A. Burnett. Publisher and General Kan-gas

' Frank Walker, Editor lumber Canadian Daily Newspaper Publishers Association member of The Canadian Pro.

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PAGE 4

SATURDAY, SEPT. 13, 1958.

‘ Traditional Friendships

Thank’goodness not all American officials, believe that war between the United. States and China over ' Formosa is possible. Mr. George V. Allen, director of the US. Infor- mation Agency said recently that “America’s history of friendly re- lations with the Chinese‘ people would be inst_rumenta1"in settling differences with the Chinese Com- , munist Government”.

“It is an historical fact”, Mr. Allen added, “that fundamental un- derstanding between the 'peoples of two countries leads in the long run. to understanding between their gov-

ernments". Allen‘menlu'oned the “open door" policy of the Un- , ited States in the last century, the establishment of schools and other institutions in‘ China and a wide exchange of, students as factors which, he feels, will contribute to American-Chinese understanding.

Perhaps Mr. Allen is right in his optimistic analysis of the situation. It willbe a good thing for us all “if he is. But somehow, 01d, ties don’t seem to have the hold on interna-

' tional relations that , they used to "

have. Indeed, more often than not, Communist Government leaders ap- pear to proceed on the theory that old friendships based on mutual goodwill and respect must be stamp- ed out." Traditionally, :the United States and Russia were good friends. In fact, they ‘were two of, the very few countries in the world which kept the peace virtually without in- terruption. And look at them now! Boating Safety '

Because of recent public criticism of Govermnent—approved lifejackets' and lifesaving cushions, the Departs

ment of Transport has proposed a 3 meeting in Ottawa on October 20 for

general discussion of the matter.

The regulations [do not specify a design, but rather a,list of, require- ments for, say, kapok-filled life- jackets. The lifejacket is required to have so many ounces of kapok, dis- tributed in a certain manner, to use cloth, tapes, hooks, vinyl, and thread of certain strengths and weights, and so on. r g ,y , YA manufacturer then . designs a lifejacket and submits samples to the Department for testing. It is care-' fully checked against specifications; total bu‘oyancy and buoyancy distri- bution tested, and finally given a swimming pool Post by a child or adult. ‘ " '

I If it is approved the manufacturer is given {a certificate of approval, to- gether with. a stamped approved sample for the guidance of inspectors visiting his premises. This inspection. is a 'spot check atthe factory and of retail stores.

Apart from the international standard lifejacket there are the vest-type, donned like a coat, and the overhead type, which consists of a buoyancy pad front and back.’ There are sizes to fit adults and children.

Buoyancy material may be either kapok or unicellular foam plastic. If kapok is used, it' is sealed into vinyl envelopes to protect it, from the ef— fects of possible contact with gasoline or oil. ‘ j

These and lifesaving cushions should-provide a considerable degree of ‘Safety in case of a pleasure boat accident, but there will be an oppor- tunity for those interested to write or state their Views in time for next year’s equipment to be modified.

Restrictive Tracie Laws ,

Prime Minister Diefenbaker may be legally correct in rejecting the United States’ complaint that the' anti-dumping legislation passed at the recent session of Parliament was in violation of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. Certainly, GATT is so full of loopholes that any signatory nation can do pretty much what it likes in the name of “protec- tion” and still stay within the text of the agreement. It must be said, too, that Americans have little right to criticize the Canadian Government on this one point, since they have anti- dumping laws of their own and very

stringent ones. More than once they

have used them against imports from this country. K Nevertheless, Canada will be very fortunate if the new legislation does not eventually have an adverse {fact on Canadian exports and a particular- ly disquieting effect on our trade with the United states. The represen- tation made at Ottawa—which, for. some reason was not made public un til, after the legislation had been given royal assent—stipulated that if the anti-dumping laws were imposed against imports from the Unitéd Sta- tes, the American Government would regard it as a “serious” matter. That means, of course, that the United Sta- tes will retaliate even more drasti- cally than has been the case hitherto. Britain and other countries with! which Canada does a big volume of business will probably do the same.

This is the main trouble with :re-

strictive trade laws. They usually dc so much harm to the export trade

that the little protection they afford '

domestic industry is insignificant in the long run. Legal considerations aside, it does seem a pity that just ‘at the time trade ‘relations between this country and the United States ap- , peared to be taking a turn for the bet- ter—from the Canadian standpoint-—

the Canadian GOvernment'saw fit tr ‘

enact legislation which cannot dr much to stimulate Canadian industry but which-almost certainly will ag- gravate existing irritations. '

Undorthodox Politics

We have already referred in these columns to‘thc unusual political qual-

ities of Nelson A. Rockefeller who is running as Republican candidate for» ‘

Governor of New York in this fall’s election. =There is still another grac- ious innovation to be credited to him. Asked the other day what he thought his chances were for unseating the incumbent, Governor Harriman,‘ he replied: “I’m sure I can’t say. All 1

know is that if I don’t leave any

stones unturned, which I don’t plan to do, and ’if I work as close to 24.

hours a day in/campaig'ning as I can;

I think I've got a fighting chance."

, Mr. Rockefeller is the'first candi- date for political office wé‘have heard of 'who did not; claim that victory was a foregone conclusion and that the onlyipolnt at issue was his majority over his rival._I-Iis attitude is so dif- ferent from the. bluster that . usually marks election campaigns that it des- erves some sort of rdwa‘rd.,_Wek feel

sure that many people who Ordinar- '_

ily wouldn’t care/ya farthing Who won» the Governorship"iin New York will in this instance Secretly hope that Mr. Rockefeller makes the grade. *

EDlTORIAL' NOTES

British fishermen and Icelandic naval personnel fought a brief battle with potatoes as weapons. Their Irish neighbors, faced with a potato fa- mine, are not going to be amused by such arrant wastefulness.

o n at V g ‘

A number of island residents have seen a. “bright red’ball with a long tail” zigzagging across the sky. Well,

it’s about time that our air space was j visited by a flying saucer or its equi- «

valent. For too long have we been dis- criminated against in this respect. t l t s

75 school children in Edmunston, N.B. have paraded the streets bear- ing placards proclaiming their wish to “go to school”. We can remember the day when youngsters would have _re joiced at a teachers’ strike. It must be that, this‘- generation is. wiser and more thoughtful than its predecess-

. ors, despite the widespread criticism

of alleged youthful irresponsibility. ' , 3 I t ,

It is hard to see how the United States—China talks in Warsaw can be expected to produce worthwhile results“ so long as China is deter- mined to take over Formosa and the other off-shore islands and the Un- ited States is determined they shall remain under the control of Chiang Kai-shek. It is possible, of course, that the talks will ease tension and reduce Klrrltation,‘ at least tempor- arily; ' and even that would not be without value. ,

O D t

In his latest letter to President Eisenhower, the Soviet Premier said that “the big powers should be,pro- hibited from rushing fleets and air forces from one end of the world to another for purposes of black- mail and intimidation". The ad- monition would sound better if Mr. Khrushchev had not sent Russian tanks to mow down Hungarians in the fall of 1956 andif Russian for- ces in great strength were not stand- ing by in the satellite countries ready. to put down the first signs of a desire for independence.

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. COUNT PENtflES

The Fomnosan crisis has once again spotlighted the peculiar talents of State Secretary John ‘Fostéi‘ Dulles. At 70 year-s of age this forceful man tackles each new Crisis with an air of inde- fatigable vigor.

Dulles has added a new dimen- sion to the ancient game of bluff which, it seems clear, is o techni- ‘que being used on both sides in the venbal war between the United States and Red China over the Quemoy and Matsu islands.

In the hands of Dulles, bluff be- comes more than the dictionary definition of “threat designed to upstate without lactipn.” On For-

‘ moss, Dulles first issued a state-

ment on behallof President Eis- . echower giving a stern warning to the Communist Chinese. A “high official” then made the warning considerably stronger. A CEIRTAIIN MANNER

Dulles subsequently admitted "that he was that official, and out- lined to reporters [What he meant by US. support of Chiang Kai- ,shetk. He seemed to be saying I that if the Red Chinese acted in a certain, undefined manner, the

. V MEET A PENNY?PINCHER f PokerDi V

I , By Joseph MacSween, Canadian i'Press . .

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- the American people. But also, I ' , am aware of the fact that the ele- ments which g6 into making final decisiousore so; delicate, often- times not subject to public ap- praisal, that there lies a responw. sibility upon the-president andhis principal advisers which cannot be shared with the general‘pub— lie.” / ' . ' 011 support from allies, Dulles said: “I do not believe that we should seek to require that all-of our allies should agree with ev'- erything we do in an «area of the world where we have the primary responsibility . . all believe that as they increasingly understand the situation they will do so.” WHERE BLUFF ENDS . It is difficult to concliv'e, of such a statement being made by an American .1 t a t e at man, say, 20 yous ago. Dulles’ words are the measure of tho'",responsibility placed upon him, 3 , aims—«and where his bluff ends—are indicated in this state- ment: “You can not isolate and say that the only problem in- volved here is Quenmoy and Matsu. What is involved, and what is un— der threat, is the entire position on the US. and that of the from ng'ltd allies "lathe Western, Pa- ch me." i V ,

U.S. would retaliate in a certain, undefined manner.

He‘also held out, an invitation to negotiate which, however lim- ited and vague, must be controg versial. Many Canadians. for in- stance, would consider it merely common sense if the US. backed away from war over the Quemloys and IM-atsus. But in the ears of Chilling the Dulles statement may halve sounded lke betrayal.

An historic feature of the whole affair is that U.'.S. policy in the Ear East seems- to be left en- tirely to Eisenhower and Dulles with a of criticism and comment at home.

PRIVATE DIPLOMAC

. Ordinary Americans — tradi- tionally merciless in criticism of their government in foreign af- fairs—seem to be almost aloof in this crisis. Congress is in recess and many newspapers have said they lack the full facts on the situation.

on this, Dulles ‘said: "‘I,’ of course, recognize theta policy which involv .\ 'ng.,-grave do. cisicn-s of thisrkin should, so far as practical, whom; the support of

Fifty

A feature of the Brussels Uni- versal and one which comtimws to attract crowds of visitors is the display organized at the Internatqu Palace of Fine Arts under the title “Fifty Years of Modern Art.” This high- -ly successful display 'was organi— iued as “an initiation into the art of our time and a balanceasllcet of current aesthetic values."

The,ers of art included in this panorama of half a century will soon be returned to their accustomed places in the mus- eums and private collections of tWeuty-ltwo countries. Some of ~ these paintings and sculptures are masterpieces: none of them is without importance. But perhaps the exceptional character of the collection has in its educational value which enhances the aesth- etic pleasure it offers. UNFOLD. ‘

Paintings and sculptures by two hundred and fifty artists, from Cezanne to the young ex- ponents of abstract out, from Ro- din to Brancusi, illustrate and tell the story of evolution in the plastic arts from the beginning of the century to the present day. In this way it is possible to compare artistic movements which have marked the past fif— ty year-s, movements which not critics have designated as fau- vism, cubism, futurism, express- ionism, constructivinsm, supre- matism, metaphysical art, dado, surrealism, social realism, tach- ism, abstract art, .

0n the panels and pedestals of the exhibition, these labels sud— denlybecome alive, and the fas- cinating adventure of modern art'i-s unfolded before the visitor’s eyes. ' . .

THE REBELS»

The story begins with those rugged nonucoufornlists - Cezanne Seuralt, Van Gogh, Gauguin, Mun- ch, Holder, Edouard, Eusor - who breaking away from impression- ism, opened up newacnd diverse vistas - cerebral, dreamlike, fan. tastic and even abstract. These rebels are presented at Brussels by paintings of which some, for example those of Cezanne, Van Gogh and Gauguin lent by the Puskin Museum in Moscow are a revelation. Paraphrasing Van Gogh’s prophetic words,‘ the fu- ture seemed already to exist in thisjmullg and beautiful art.

Next follows Matisse resolutely bridging the gap ,between past and future. In paintings rioting with colour, Matisse and the Fau- vists, the French and the Ger— mans, the Anglo-Saxons, Scand— inavians and Slavs convey their violent “Joie de vivre." CORRECT EMOTION

The Faluvists were rapidly over- taken by those who applied them- selves to construction rather than to lyricism. “I seek the rule which co: s emc“cn.” pro—

claimed Braque. Then came the

Yearsor Mo em Art

' By Fenland Poney, Unesco

' on;

p was shontlived.

. are among the mst' disflmibmg'. _ of our times. The smrealists _ were also responsible'for inciting eatures ‘ enthusiasm for the works of the cubists, with. men search for the habf'paumers among Whom some’

mosque of form, their geomet- ric severity.

“Substituting an ideal perspec- tive, a perspective of the mind, for that of the eye,” writes Rosemberg, “they give their forms the dimensions of an idea and not those of vision.” At first they paid little attention to col- our; Thorn gradually their range of tints expanded and their treatment of subject became free SHORTLIVED ,

Parallel with cubism, futurism developed in italy and in other parts of the West. The dynamic theme of this other “systematic” movement was to involve the spectator in the action of the pic- ture. But the greatest adepts of this School soon abandoned its principles, and futurist painting

and Seraphine,‘ the chairwoman, may be compared with the great- est of the masters. AND TODAY 'Today two movements exist which stem from completely op- posite conceptions: social realism and abstract amt. The first, which aims at the masses through culture, is concerned es- sentially with the contents of the work. The second sevens all con- nection with material reality to devote. itself solely to purity of form. ‘ , “Why abstract art?" says Hans Arp. “This is on the contrary concrete art since, owing nothing to nature, it is itself a’ form of nature, a radical creation.” Ab- stract art is, in fact, only the lo-

whicll inspired cubism. And, go- naturalism of the beginning of the present century may be said to have contained the "germ of nondigurative art. It remains to be. seen_whet‘hcr abstract art carried wiLIn'n it the possibilities of a new departure in art.

It is obvious that a survey such as this suffers from oversimpli- fication. It" becomes a series of chapter headings in the his- tory of art of the present cen-J tury, a history which has already been written by numerous au~ thors but which may be revised yet again. ‘ ' MUCH MORE I ;

Expressimusm, however, is among the most vital and per- sistent of modern currents. It first appeared about 1918 Mun- ich and in Berlin and apparently its discoverens, Beckma-n, Nolde, Neckel among others - were its most powerful exponents. Nor- mally a movement of this kind splits up very quickly into in; dividual groups because his inner- most “self.”

In the field of art, however, the enpressionists, although they did not necessarily conform to a common set of rules, exerted on immediate influence on each other, with the result that the

such as the “Douanier” Rosseau'

gical outcome of the evolution’

How Doctor Checks The Eye

By Herman N. Bundcsen, M.D. QUITE a while ago I wrote a

comm emlaimng Why a physic' scoff and call it a lazy sport. Lit— ian makes the various exazmina— tle does he know peregrmation tious he does during the course of of the fisherm‘ainys mind, what m a phyficyial Cheekup' Later 1 dis' ventions, great works of art, or cussed the method of dental ex- evem gamma“ to some of the world’s most pressing problems may evolve. oeived' a number of requests to fish caught . what fishing does to the inner man that counts. It is one 'of the few havens of peace and quiet left to him—Regina Leader-Post

, ' animation.

Following these articles, I re-

explain the reasons for the dif— ferent examinations made by an optometrist as he checks your vision.

EYE CHECKS

'I am no eye specialist but, with the aid of the American Optome- tric Association, I’ll outline the various eye checks and the. rea- sons for them.

sure of the eyeball. Then, if the

check the field of

Next, he will use an instru- ment to shine a bright light into the interior of your eyes.le1is is an ophthalmoscope, a device by which he can examine the optic nerve head to determine whether it is normal. (

BLOOD VESSELS

He will check to see whether the blood vessels are normal, or whether there have been hemor- rhag's or any other‘ He alsowilllookfioramyevi— dance of intimation of the in- ner ceats of the eyes.

With compensating lenses‘the op- tometrist checks to determine the» ones which will focus the Mt rays to the eyes’ best advantage. Different types of lenses are re- quired, of course, for nearsight- edness, astigmatistm. (no point focus) and various other eye (trou- bles.

OTHER CHECKS MADE

The refraction doesn’t conclude the examination. The optometlnist also checks coordination of the eyes, depth percepdi and (is- tame judgment.

sortofxfiorkyoudo, sobecau make sure your eyes focus‘ web at the required” wor'lnn‘ g distance or. distances. ' - He doubt he also will check your. peripheral vision — your ability to seeto the side when Ioolnlng straight ahead.

Only or he has made a thor- ough vision analysis will he write a prescription for your gllasses, if

one patient out of every eight Won’t need‘glasses at all. QUESTION AND ANSWER‘ H.M.: My girl, '7, is 10 pounds overweight. Is it advisable to put such a young child on. n doilt? _ Answerrlit is not advisable tor children to reduce until they have

ever, her diet should contdiln In ablmdauce of fruits. vegetables

ofstarclhesamdsugurs.

, MAXIMS .

The world is governed more by, appearances than by realm", so that it is fully unnecessary to seem .to lmow something as it is to know it.

t

millions of somedooeu s, and women who, during these years. have served amt - an Art

is full of vitality. Mun-y of lthe artists defy classificatbn; contra- dict all theories or use several

sible to try to divide contempor-

groups, figurative and nondigum- ative. Two currents - one emot- ional and the other cerebral - may perhaps be distinguish], whose sources lie far back in the past. Between: the transports of lyricism and the demands of res- son, the artist must make his choice or find a ,mea-n's of ex- pression somewhere between the two extremes. ’