JZNEJWUR. THE CHABLUTTETOWN GUARDIAN

Morning Daily (Founded tn I887)

President: LICIIL Col W Chester 8 Mel-Ire V1c..-~I‘resident: J. R. Burnett, FJJ. Secretary: lJeut. Col D. A Maclilnnon. 0.8.0. Iilfifor and Managing Director" J. R. Burnett, IJL lfielwlnle Editors: Frank Walker and Ian A. Burnett

SIFBSCIIIFIIUN BATES By Mall in P. l. l., $4.00 per year; $2.50 for 6 mouth _ $1.25 fvr 3 months; 50c for one montn 1 City Delivery: $5.00 per year; $3.011 for it month! $1.75 for if montlu By filall in Canada and U.S.A. 155.00 per your Iaturday Iver-u»: $2.00 per year; $1.00 for a mourn; 501- for 3 moutng,

The Cllurlulle-loun Guunllun Inn; be obtained I Borunnrn Mul Arvin-v. Tllmu Square, New York] Ole Iuuin 51m- agency, comer Iillli and Wunnlngton, floltol| llvlrvlwlilun Mm- Aeeiii-y. um Peel 111., Iuntrenh .1. Fine, 851 Buy 51., lwnoutn; Nev" Stunil, Cnuteuu Lnurler, Onuivn: Ihilh-‘o Noun alnnil, Nnilbury, 0|1t| Huh fnfigvgQ Show. "WWII-m h. 11.1 11:11.11. 11011-1-1-1111, Amherst, N. u.

{The Strongest Memory 1s Weaker than Ill Weakest Ink."

RIONIHY. arcvsr l8. 1941.

m

British Rationing

The British housewife is permitted now to

spend tl11= 1-1111i1.-1T1-111 1.1‘ 11110111 twenty-Mira cent; for nicat 1:11-11 111-1-11- for each member of hcr family. 1.11111 \\T-111'.--1i, the -\1i11islcr of Food,

has saiil 111.11 this 111111111111 is unlikely t0 be, increas-ctl 1 . '11 1" lllu 11-111: To .'\ll'l€l‘lCZll'lS, says} an excltauigc. 1111- 11-..1_v >'\‘t‘lll like a pitifully small meat ali1111-.1111-1-, 11111 i1 1l11<>s not tell the whole

story. l-‘i .-';11111 1111.1 i-.-1l1l1i1 are not rationed, and with tltt- 11111111111 cimtent in the diet tuav 11c 111-1 11 111- 1111111111-5 11-110 can afford it.

111' 111.1. ~ll‘jfll‘ 11nd cheese works

greziurr 11:1 1.- 111111111; 1111-. poor. Bread and cheese p1-11 ..11~ .-1n11l--:-1l luncheon of thous- ands of .- -:':-1 1 111111-11-1-11- 111111 miners in the

llriti-h l-.11~. 1'11:'l 1-1-1- 111l_v they, like every one rl-c. \\1'\l'1‘ 1-1--:1'i1-111l :11 11111- 111111ce of cheese week- ly. Niwv 1111- 1'.11i1111 111.- 111-1-11 1111111111-11 and agri-

cultural \\'=1I'l1t'l'w‘ .l miners are allowed five ounces \\-111l.I_1-. '11..- is 1311* first instance in Great Iifllfilll of a i-1a-111-1 i11 111111 “classified” rationing cliainctri-E-tic. of 1511- il1-1-111:111 system. It is to be 5111111011 f111-1l11-r t11 11111- wtcrs, 11-1111 will bepcrmit- ted five cup- 11f t1-:1 :1 11. _' 1l1ii-i11g the season.

Ten is the st.-111.l.-11~1l i11-ink of the average Brit- ish fillllllV. '1il11> stigrti- 11-1111 which they flavor their strung 111-1111- lti-lps provide them with extra energy. 1t 1-111111111 .-11:1~< for deficiencies of dict and is a special 1-111111111-1 in time of stress. The rationing of tea 1111s i11 fact concurrent with the bCfilllllllllj of 1' - scale air-raids on the British Isles, when 1'01: 1-rs' rclitrns showed a sudden and aL-ii-niing ri-e in the llllTiLlfl§ the public was ‘inking in the <t11r1~< of tea on hand.

_lam and mrii-inzilaile likewise are energy-pro- tlucinq fonds 111111-11 11s1-1l 11y the British. Lord \\'ool11111 l~1< 1~.1\-i.‘.1~1l 111111 housewives who want sugar for making jam may have double the regular r:11i1111 111' tight ounces per week for each person i11 their i-nnilies dtiriiig the fruit-picking season. I71111r 1111111111: of jam per head does not seem an inipoi-triiit addition to the larder, until it is ren1e11111c1-c1l 112111 under the present ration- ing of hint-iiialmle-ruid jnin it would take four months to purchase sucli a quantity.

11.

A Footnote To History

Island readers were interested in Prime Min- ister Mackenzie King's announcement on June 24 last of the permanent appointment of Mr. Norman A. R11l1c1-1=1111 21s Under-Secretary of State, Iilr. 111111211-011 being a. son of Pro- fessor Lcnnicl Robertson, University of British Columbia, a distinguished native of this Province. But this is not the only connection Prince litlu-artl Island has had with this inipnrtaiit office. Sir Joseph Pope, son of 111111. \\'. H. Pope, one of the Is- land's C0ll1<?'l(‘1‘fllll\ll Fathers, served as Under- Secretary of State after having been Sir John A. I\lacdon:1l1l's l’1'iv:1te Secretary and biographer. In 111111 capacity, in a memorandum dated May 25, 1907, 111: was 1111: first to propose the crea- tion of a11 External Affairs department.

The history of this proposal is recalled in an i11-ride by (iirttntj Dexter, Ottawa correspondent, in the lvliluipcg l-‘rce l‘1'css. Mr. Dexter writes:

“The 11101110 was s11l11ni1ted by the Royal Com- mission on the Civil Service, and in it Mr. Pope pointed out that external affairs hitherto had been hinrllerl 11y the Prime hlinister, but that ‘with the growth and development of the D0- 11111111111 this is I11) 11111 - possible.’ ‘A more iystcinzitiv 111111111‘ of (l-Jlllllg with them should be estahlislictl.

“Mr. 1‘1:pc's suggestion was adopted by the

llltffl-lovuli-i: 11 i111 11111-1-111 and in an article which he 11-1-1111". l:1'<~1-, 1111- (Einzula and its Provinces he coniplniiic-l 111.11 his critivs l1.'1<l failed to grasp

the meaning 11f his 1111-111orr111d111n.

"The coufii-ioii and inefficiency in our foreign ‘relations i11 1111-1- tilili-s must have been very great. 'l'l11- 111-i111t- 111111i<11~i-, it is true, attended to major ninth-rs 11111 1111-11 rlcpartnicnt was free f0 carry n11 is 1111-11 foreign policy through the Gov- ernor-(lcnci-al. f. s arose where decisions di- rvctlv i11 1~1 11151-1 11-1-1-1- inadr- 11y different depart- mmis, 117.11g" Q11\‘(,‘1'llfll(‘ll1s inquired at Ottawa as 1o 111111-11 111' time dvcisioiis should be regard- ed as the official 11111‘.

“.\l1-' |‘1,111-'s suggestion was adopted by 111! government and ligqi-lztiion creating the depart- ment was put 1111-1111411 i11 1900. In tlic original bill, the prime minister was designated the head cf the new department, but this was changed and tlic duty was placed upon the secretary of state. The prime minister, however, has always held 1111-. portfolio, 11111111111 the act contemplated a full- timc minister of external affairs.

"Ur, lmpp 11-.-1< the first tinder-Secretary R1111 “qt r||f(('(-1l-'1l 1111 /\p1'il I, 102$, by Dr. Shelton, (iiir grow-lug foreign relations compelled (xlmnsiiiil i11 11111 ilqtririnivut. The lligh Com- missionvi- in 11111111111 was lwought under the dc- pm-unmu i11 lflll- ln 1oz; an advisory officer WM stationed at Geneva. In 192; the Canadian

minister at Washington was appointed; in 1928, a minister at Paris; in 1929 at Tokyo. Other legatious were opened later at Brussels, the Hague, Dublin and more recently, it was decided to send ministers to Brazil and Argentine."

-1 EDIIORIAI. NOTES —! The day after tomorrow will be a sad day for this Province. n1 1o- u Creamery butter stocks on August 1 iverc esti- mated at 50,848,793 pounds as against 49,925,- 411 a year ago. Cheese stocks were 32,470,349 pounds as against 33,262,009. Ii 1F i! I

Australia is maintaining an army of 420,000 men at home and abroad, excluding an armored division now being organized Army Minister Spender said expenditures for the army in one year soon might exceed the total expenditure of £192,o0o,0<)0 in the \\'orl11 War.

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The war is like a two-edged sword in b1isi- ness. For instance, in the first case of its kind prosecuted in Australia a manufacturer was fined for paying an aircraft fitter 148 shillings weekly, contrary to the national security regu- lations which set the maximum figure at 122 shillings.

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The Order-in-Council establishing the Dairy Products Board has been amended to give it au- thority to regulate the quantity of any dairy product that may be imported; and to require any person importing dairy produce to obtain a licence from the Board to do so. This is all right, though it is akin to locking the stable after the steed has been stolen.

111 =1- =11

Steam boats invented by Symington, a Scott- ish engineer, this date I802. I-Ic ran the Char- lotte Dundas on the Forth and Clyde Canal; the Clcriuont was produced 11y 171111011 and engined by Boulton and Watt; and the Comet built on the Clyde by HenryiBell in 1812 was so successful as practically to solve the problem of the applica- tion of steam to the propulsion of ships, ivhilc in 1829 the achievements of Stcphcusoifs Rocltet ensured the adoption of locomotive traction 011 land.

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The Scottish Football Association, we are told, opened its season last Saturday with twelve games in different parts of the country before packed stands. This notwith- standing the Nazi air raids. lu one north-eastern city an enemy airplane flew over the football field but was brought down some distance far- ther on, two of its occupants being killed, and the third seriously injured. lle was the gunner and a boy of seventeen. But the game went on and we are told "the local team got off to a fly- ing start by defeating their opponents 4-2”

1v >11 =1

Herc is a case of the lion a11d the lamb sitting down together. Divine aid was 1ll\'0l\'C(l for 1111: succbss of Russian arms iii conflict with Ger- many at a special intercession service of the Greek Orthodox Church on the Mount of Olives last Sunday morning. Prince Peter of Greece and his wife Irene, a Russian emigre, attended the service- Beside them before the altar were both orthodox believers and professed s1ib- scribers to bolshevism that has virtually out- lawed all religion in the Soviet Union. The con- sul-generals of most of the small nations invaded by Germany were also present.

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There is a risk in hoarding silk stockings which does not inhere in other cases, or only to a minor degree, A food hoarder cannot be identi- fied by his appearance, unless we think of the be- sieged cities of former times when a great many people perished and a well-fed person would be conspicuous. Silk stockings cannot be hidden. To do so would be to defeat the very purpose for which silk stockings exist. If the present emergency should endure six months or a year, which is easily conceivable, it may take some courage to sport silken hose in public_ People will ask ho\v they were obtained. On might explain that the stockings were actually bought several years before Hitler let loose another world war, but that will be just about as con- vincing as the pre-Volstead private wine and li- quor cellars which showed no sign of wear through the long year: of Clfftlgllt.

Milk is to be rationed in the old country. The British Government now controls the price and rationing of most food, the price of electric- ity, gas, water, shipping, transport rates, cloth- ing, boots, tailoring, laundering, second-hand ales and furniture moving. By rent control it has held rental advances to a maximum of 1 per cent since the war began, but clothing prices jumped 78 per cent. and the general living costs advanced 23 per cent before control was effec- tive. To balance these increases in living costs. wage increases have been adequate, the report says. During the first three months of the war it cost the British Government $531°°°1°°° ‘13111’ to finance hostilities. For the fiscal year ending March 31, 194i, the cost was $i5.55oo,ooo,ooo and this fiscal year it will probably mount to about $i8,ooo,ooo.ooo.

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Fifty-eight Canadian shipyards are reported to be rushing out the strangest assortment of small boats ever produced for war purposes. Al- ready 560 of the 1,000 ordered have been launcli- ed and delivered, and in all $3,000,000 are being spent on this single item of the complicated ma- chinery of war. The British and Canadian Navies, Armies and Air Forces all want a share in these boats and want them urgently. In the list, the largest single order is for 240 twelve- foot collapsible, assault boats, next comes 109 pulling boats and ninety-two whalers, thirtv- six rig-font motor vessels, twelve 1o5-foot wooden mineswecpers, twelve seventy-foot motor torpedo boats, fourteen Illlfly-PIEIIPIOOI and six

seventy-foot crash boats and thirteen thirty-two-

foot cutters“ i - ' £111

THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

NOTES BY TIIE WAY '

Last week we eat down one day and practically appointed Mr. 0. Burcnell tieturnmg from A.ts.rall~.~) as Canada's High (Jommissioner '40 Eire. Tito days later Mr. Macken- zie King sat down and appointed‘ Mr. Burchell as High Commission- er—to Newfoundland. Our Idea. up- parently, was all right, except. that we had the wrung country. Aczuaty there's quite a. 10b for Mr. Bur-shell in Newfoundland. Canada has ouilt over there one of the largest alr- ports in the world, 1m airport, wlvcn’ our neighbors the Americans are using, and, on top of that, New foundland ls being run these days by a. Ccnimisslori which, up to the present, has been communicating‘ with Canada. over Canadian 1n- terests via. London. As n conse- quence, a member of the Cabine1—| Mr. Gibson - has had to make two flying visits to Newfoundland‘ with- in the past. few months. Mr. Burchelt should be well fitted for

J» the Canadian Teachers‘

| the gauges

Teachers’ Convention

(Wiuni Free Preu)

Winnipeg orms the detour in this year's annual conference of Rdera- tlon. a meeting which was sched- uled for Halifax but transferred here because of war conditions.

There are a great. body of tench. era ln Canada. 13.900 of them. of which only a. fraction belong to the Federation. In this the teach- ers are not different from other professional Bodies, end the Feder- ation during its couple of decades of organization has established itself at least as on the way to- wards professional coherence.

The teaching profession has not been governed. and 1s not irom within its own ranks. standards are set by the provin- cla! deparzmentc of education for each province. The curricula which must be taught are set forth by these departments, as are of success of such

teaching. The administration of

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his new job. As a former director of the school is a. joint affair between '

Dominion steel and C-nl Company (which gets its ore from Newfounrh, land) he knows much. about the country he will be dealmfi Wllh- '- Ottawa Journal.

The Free French marching into Syria premised liberty to the Arabs. B111, in a wider sense they promgsed liberty even to disheartened French- men in France, and to French ris- tionals in all the colonies of the old Republic. Nzw that General Carroll)! is established victario-ilsly in Syria; 1t will be interesting to watch the development. of Free French Senti- ment in other fragments of the French Empire. Already French Sornallland has begun to move out 01f the Vichy orbit. In France ltsecf Vichy has two weapons by wulcn. to impose its will. one is the dry rot of defeat and the other is the immed- iate threat of Nazi bayonets. In the Fix-rich colonies there are no Nazi bayonets and the paralysis 0f defeat is not, felt so keenly. What can Vichy promise there? Unless Britain wins the war. onlv continu- ed economic isolatzon. progressive 105s of liberties, siphoning of na- tional wealth to my for Getmim occupatizn and 0112 servit-ure to Hitler. It. is not. an alluring pros- pect. It Ls said that General Wev- gand in Algeria. does not dare march, south. and attack de Gaulleg Free French in Equatorial Africa. More disnffectlon is reported among the troops of N~rth Africa than among those who d-efendecl Syria, The _fu- tllltv of that defence is now plainly apparent, Syria will at. cnce erii/er the sterling bloc, iLs strangled trade will be restored and Frenchmen there will find life worth lzving again and self-respect returning. The liberation of Syria should ‘end a wave of new hope through the French Empire and lcosen bonds that bind it, 1') an alien rule. The log‘c of event-s has turned against Vichy. -— New York Times-

Civilians 1n Great Britain are now getting along with 24,500,000 fewer pairs of boots and shoes a your, out a steauy increase 111 the nu1n- bers shipped overseas is rcporlcd from No1-1li111n1;'o11, heart of the 51106 industry. Before i-lie war Bri- tain bought, 105,000,000 pairs oi.’ leather boots and slices a year and l1. is 11. sufficient indication of the large resc-urces of the British 1n- dustry that, not umil Jul l, two‘ years after rationing had een b2- gun in German-y, ivas ii. necessary to restrict the total to 80,500,000 pairs. A5 flier-e is in addmon a vast. output of Service boots and shoes and of all kinds of footrwenr for export p11 .023, there will be ' fur ivaste. 'I‘ypes un- necessary 1n wartime are discour- aged 10-day and standzu-al speci- fications _niny even introduced fcr certain tYlIies 0f working and walking bcors and shoes. The con- tinuing success of Brit-sins shce leather lnduszrzes overseas is being maintained at heme by the active support. of t-he Buzzrd of Trade working through 111-.- Export. Coip- oration. Distributors in the Do- mlnlons and in me United Scales have been most. encouraging. In the United States officers have been taken tn ‘the Empire state Building, New York, as headquarl- ers to promote collective or group marketing, This new enterprkse is co-operatlng with Bz-ztlsh dress 112-] signers and the British Colour Council to ensure the correct, model- ling and colouring of the samples to be offered in the near future to buyers in the chief centres of the United States.

From EnglanrVs shady woodlands and sun-drenched fields, Boy Scouts Girl Guides and voluntary groups of wcmen are gathering an unusual wartime harvest. They are picking stinging nettles, dandelion roots, meadow ssflfron and other herbs containing useful medicinal drugs. Nettles are wanted for fibre ex- traction and green pigment.- (ctilor hyll); dandelion roots con- tain lgitalis; meadow saffron,‘ colchlcum. Before the war most of such drugs were imported. Today, skilled- gatherers can earn con- siderable sums by clearing the countryside of what to the farmer‘ and the gardener are just weeds. For example, dried nettles fetch [30 to 50 per ton; dandelion root; as muc as £5 per cwt. Hundreds, of tons are urgently required, Thel Medical Research Council has} drawn up a schedule for chemists and manufacturers of drugs sult- able for reduction in England. The Kew an horltles (Royal Botanical Gardens) are issuing instruction-s to the squads and battalions of herb 1 gathercrs. The whole country has been divided into areas for the re- ception of the crops for drying 11nd 1' preparation for the laboratorlesd and County school authorities are giving a one-day course cf instruc- tion in the prrper methods.

In London to-dny there ere master craftsmen making gold-leaf 1 one 200000111. of an inch 1n thick-l nets. Using an 8 hummer on e. marble bench. they beat. ‘out leaf l as frail as gossamer, and it. is their boast. that. their; is the oldest craft in the British Hnplre; I they cim point to gold-lent on e mummy case in the British Mireum I 11111111; back 11> 2.000 n.0, Sevenl years ago. the world's blgleet malt-- era of gold-leaf began research work at. their Inndon lien 1111mm to produce lent Mulch would l e more | evenly. ‘To-day the new materiel is keeping its British makers Bu: ._' They are now sending it out o1 many quarters of the The ancient methods ere st ll employed for the gold-lent used by sign and interior decorators in their gliding of wood wort: and for furniture. B0. under one factory in Lon- don to-day, modern craftsmen are using, side by aid/e. methods little

, others but e few veers o

changed in thousands cf

the departments and the local school boards. From this point. of view the teachin profession is not a. profession in Ihe sense that others, legal and medical for in- stance. are. Yet when all this is acknowledged. it remains s. fact that the teacher, to an overwhelm- ing extent, spells the success or failure of the school. -

To date the effects of the Fed- eration have been directed, not exclusively, but with energy, to considerations of the economic status of its members. Attention has been drawn to the scandal- uusly low wages pftld in some dis. trlcts, and to low average salaries over whole provinces. The Fed- eration has publicized that often these wages are less than those pflld to persons of whom very

much less 1n the way of prepare-I

tlon and attainment is required. They have insisted that, the high- est salaries received by their pro. fesslou are well under the highest earned in other professions — although they are higher than the average earned in those profes- stuns.

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In so far as the too low salaries paid in many districts, especially rural districts, to teachers are concerned, the Federation has all the arguments on its side. These salaries are now on the uP-Erade. chiefly, perhaps entirely, because of the shortage of teachers. That this is so is not; to the credit. of school boards.

It should be remarked that gen- erally speaking throughout all the provinces and throughout the years the departments of educa- tion are on the side of the teach- ers, doubtless because they realize how outstandingly important the

h” teacher is. It. should be acknow.

ledgecl 21's.’) that many of the things which have detracted from the profession, such as lack of salary standards. assurance of tenure, pension provision, intelli- gent. co-operstlon in administra- tion, are being met under the large school unit. Manitoba has proven that. in her municipal and other- wise consolidated school areas.

Alberta has proven it, under her

ON MISTRESS NICELY A Pattern for Housekeeper:

She was a woman peerless in her

station,

With household virtues wedded to her name;

Spotless in linen, grass-bleaclfd in her fame,

And pure and clear-stsrctvd in her conversation;

Thence in my Castle of Imagina- tion