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MONDAY. NOVEMBER in. loci :

PAGE 4

Had He Been Heeded!

Victoria was Queen and Lord Salisbury the. Prime Minister when Sir Winston Churchill entered the British House of Commons at the age of 26. Salisbury was follow- ed by Balfour. Campbell-Banner- man. Asquith. Lloyd George, Bonar Law. Baldwin. MacDonald. Cham- berlain. Churchill himself. then Att- lee. Churchill again. Eden and Mac- millan. Churchill's career in the. House of over sixty years spanned them all—longer than that of any other man in British history.

During those years he learned to know triumph and disaster. to walk in the shadows of public forgetful- ness as well as in the sunshine of fame. Surely history affords no greater example of the ups and domts of public life than the fact that. Just. before the Second World War. he was regarded by many as a spent forco. Yet those were the very years—«when he called upon the world with prophetic but derid- ed wisdom to stop the drift to war-— which he. himself regards as the most vital in his career.

it. was the dramatic war years. of course. that. brought him to the. fore as the matchless symbol of courage in freedom‘s cause. Yet he has told us in an unforgettable phrase that he “would have been torn to pieces“ if he had counselled surrender at that time. As one commentator has pointed out,.the British people did not need Chur- chill to fino ailcll' genius for un- shakcn resistance. They found it. in their history and in their own character. It was honor enough for Churchill. or for any man. to be worthy of such a people in their years of mortal peril. That. was his great achievement at that critical stage. But the tragedy of the war lay in the fact that. it. might have been averted had his voice been heeded earlier.

Today. on his 90th birthday. history has already enshrined this grand old man among the immor- tals. There are few occasions on record when such an event has mean. so much to so many people everywhere. as they remember the past and the part‘ Churchill played in redeeming it from degredation. But it is fitting that his pre-war contribution to peace should be re- membered as well. It failed in its purpose. but he counts that failure among his proudest. endeavors.

Mr. Pearson's Attitude

Prime Minister Pearson has rightly called for a suspension of judgment and condemnation in con- nection with the bribery and coer- cion charges levelled in the Com- mons against. the Liberal govern- ment. Nor will he find any but a rabid few to disagree with him in denouncing “McCarthyism” as a real menace to the freedom that its proponents claim to be preserving. But if his comments were intended as a rebuke to the Opposition mem- bers who raised this issue in the House and forced the government to agree to a full judicial inquiry, then he is wide of the mark in— deed.

What is significant about this matter is that it would never have come to public notice at all had not the Opposition exercised its right b m alt e specific charges. a n d fought against repeated efforts on the part of Mr. Pearson’s govern- iheut colleagues to rule them out or order.

~ ‘What is perhaps the most re- markable disclosure in the respon- aee elicited to these charges is that

\

the Prime Minister He?! not Been informed of them until last week. As the Montreal Gazette remarks drin in this connection. “3 Prime Minister who remains unaware for months that serious charges have been made against the assistants of two of his cabinet ministers, and even against his own parliamentary secretary. is dwelling in curious isolation."

This disclosure, more than any- thing else. has convinced the pub- he that there has been some at- tempt. somewhere, to sweep some- thing under the rug in the hope that, no one would ever find out about it. And as the Montreal Star well says. if there is evidence of “McCarthyism” in the case, it re- lates to those who, aware of the facts. proceeded to sit in judgment on them and decide in private that there was no case to answer.

That Mr. Pearson himself should find more pressing business in Winnipeg last week, at a Liber- al party gathering, than in his seat in the Commons while this scandal was being aired. is also a matter of comment throughout the country. It was from there that he gave his assurance that all the charges would be. investigated “at once and through a full and fair inquiry con- ducted in a way which will com- mend public confidence.” Words which. had they been spoken at the right time and in the right place. would have ended the controversy much sooner.

$14 Million An Hour

0n the basis of estimates in a L'nited Nations report, the world is now spending $14,000,000 an hour on arms—money which could be spent in so many better ways for all mankind. The cost of one new prototype bomber. for example. would pay the salaries of 250,000 school teachers for a year. Or it could be. Used to build 30 new science. faculties. each with places for 1.000 students. For the price of one large atomic submarine. 50 cities could be provided with modern hospitals. And the funds needed to develop a supersonic fighter plane would pay for 600,000 homes to house more than three m i I l i o it people!

But we're caught up in a vicious circle in arms expenditures. The transition from an arms economy to a. peace economy would inevit- ably produce dislocations and would require careful planning on the part of developed and developing nations alike. The conversion after the Second World War was eased by a huge backlog of civilian demand for consumer goods, accompanied by substantial reserves of purchasing power in the form of wartime sav- ings. At present. there is compara- tively little unsatisfied demand.

That’s the argument. at least. But when we think of the money which could be freed for homes. hospitals. schools. laboratories. farm equipment and a better life for all mankind under a peace economy, it, doesn't seem to make sense. Nothing about this mad armament race makes sense. and the more we try to rationalize it the more the angels must be weeping at our incredible folly and stupidity.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Talent, of a rare kind was shown by a young fellow in England, who invented an automatic wolf whistle which he installed on his car. 0n sight of a pretty girl he pulled a chord from the driving seat and the wolf whistle whistled. Passing through a Warwickshire village the other day he spotted two pretty girls together. What he didn’t spot was the constable on the other side of the road. Result: an appear- ance in court and a. fine of one pound for using a car horn without good reason.

i ‘

British scientists have added a new name to the list of wonder drugs—ceporin. It is said to have major advantages over penicillin in that it is safer. quicker in action and can be used by patients normal- ly resistant to this form of anti- biotic. Whatever its claims in this regard. the manner of its discovery affords a staggering example of patient ingenuity. It was developed from a mould made from a piece of fluff discarded as a result of what. seemed to be a useless impurity in penicillin. Research was carried on by hundreds of scientists and tech- nicians over a period of years sift- ing through 440.000 strains of an- tibiotic mould.

“BUCK” FEVER

OTTAWA REPORT By Patrick Nicholson

Senate Hurdle Still To Be Cleared

The House of Commons will soon hear the chairman of the special committee on the Canad- ian flag move concurrence in its report. This will touch off the final days of political debate on the subject which most Canad- ians rightly consider 5 ho u l (I

never have on ma 9 a parti- san political issue. Prime Minister Pearson has

publicly announced. not once but many times over s e v e r a] months. that the proposed new design "will be placed before

Parliament for the dccrsmn of Parliament.” Thosc words may prove to

have an embarrassing signifiiu ancc. What is “Parliament”? Our constitution. the B.N.A. Act. says that “There shall be one Parliament for Canada. consist- ing of the Queen. an U pper

House styled the Senate. and the 1:

House of Commons.‘ Thus “Par-

liamcnl" does not mean just the I

House of Commons; it mean! all three constituent parts. Thus Prime Minister Pearson has a moral obligation to propose the new design not only before the Commons. but also before the Senate and the Crown. UNFORESEEN TANG”)?

But the Plan Committee was

a commiltce of the Commons only. The Cnmmons no doubt will ultimately. by a majority on a recorded votc. accept .the report of its committee. But. that is only one third of Mr. Pearson‘s "Parliament". and a committee report is not likp a Bill: move on lo the Senate for pas- sage. and then require royal as- sent. Here then the (la: will be ln a constitutional maze. a maze which appears not to have been foreseen

The Government Loader thc Scnale. lion. John Connollv. who is a member of the Cabinet. could introduce in the Senate a

‘ ments are looking at Earnsc‘if-

item: a recent poll pf public. opinion revealed that about 68. per cent of the population now' favours a plebiscite. This might result in five alternative flag de- signs being placed before Can-‘ adians. for choice by a system i of transferable vote. .

Item: we would find that time t has softened the enthusiasm for

“Mike's Maple". just as some Ensign supporters now seek peace at any price. Public op-

l inion might for instance now fa- l vour something like the third but hushed-up choice of the com- mittee. which included both the . Union Jack and the Pleur- de-

IS. Item: much support is mus-1

lering behind a design proposed by a Liberal MP. from the Maritimes. This is a modified Red Ensign. with three maple leaves where the Jack now is.

‘ and the Jack filling an enlarged

base of the coat of arms. where

the maple leaves now are. This .

has much support because it would preserve on our flag the

symbols of our history and the‘

cross symbolic of the Christian faith. both so sincerely plausibly advocated by so many good Canadians such as. for ex- ample. the sincere and persuas- ive MP. for Orillia. Dr. P. B. Rynard.

It. is sad that our standard has ‘

become a political football first and now a public yawn

Leave Eornscliife Be

Ottawa

There's a report that several Canadian government depart-

fe with the idea that the old , home of Sir John A. Macdonald might become a kind of national shrine. It seems they think it might well be accomplished by I 1967 so as to become a kind of ‘

Y centenary project.

it does ' not automatically a

in.

resolution nronosinrz a flat rle-‘

sign \\’l‘lll‘ll t‘Xat‘llV matches what the Commons chooses—bu

only by hanpcnslancc. because.

lhe Senate is an cnhrclv separ- ate legislative body so would never rubber stamp mendation by a Commons com~ mitlee.

lo a Senate resolution

Commons committee rcoort rais- l 0‘ b3“

es a problem perhaps unpreced- ented. The would be for the l’"ime Minister

l

a recom- ‘

simple mochlnerv i

to introduce a Bill in ma Fflm.‘

mons. formalisinc the commlt- l responded With only the minim-‘

Why pension off that charm- 1 ing old residence while it is still in active service and has many years ahead of it?

The ussex Drive "mile of history" is better for having on that prominent cliff-ed e the residence of the British H l g h Commissioner. Down river a bit are the City Hall. the French Embassy. the Prime Minister's residence and Rideau Hall. Sure- ly this is a happy and fitting ga- thering of the five main inf‘u- mess in our national and city

e

To make a Macdonald mus- eum out of Earnscliffe would be looking too much backward and too little ahead. A couple of rooms in the new national mus- cum would contain all the beds and desks and books and bric-a-

Journal

to see~and more people would see it there than would make a special pilgrimage a mile-and-a- half from the city's centrc. Someone has spoken of Earns- cliffe being made a kind of gov- ernment guest-house for distin- guished visitors. That. would cu- tail maintaining a costly house-

hold 365 days a year for use oer- . i

haps one-tenth of the time. I. ever we do need a- guest-house it need not be on that precious site.

This centenary business must be kept in hand. A hundred

years in the life of a country is ‘

nothing to crow about. celebration of that

proving what we are doing rath- er than remembering what We. have done.

Many an Ottawa person show- ing the town to visitors glow: with pride on reaching that die- tinguished area: "that‘s where the Governor General lives. that's the Prime Minister’s

ome..~." To drop the British High Commissioner from that roll call in favor of a museum would in our View be stuffy non-

brac a Canadian will ever want

sense.

International Finance

Christian Sclence Monitor

it is the degree of control of. The" hm... in 5” royal assent ‘ the great Western currencies led States and elsewher and a . that is illustrated by the raising j gternational bankers and finance

rates—not a disarray like that of the past. . The British did what they had to do. faced with a run on the pound sterling. The Americans

ice report. This Bill could then 8| correction. After all. it was go forward to the Senate and for l 0313’ 8 Short While no that the

royal asscnf.

Americans were in slmilar trou-

But that would open up the ble and everyone up and down

whole can of worms for another

l the Atlantic community' came l

long debate. raising several new 1 lo the rescue.

issues.

PUBLlC FORUM

Thin column I- open tn the tllaciustn In-

leet ta edltlng altrl rnndenaaflnn when leeeuaty_ The filter lan II altar Into any onrrrnpendenca regar - lug latter: auhm ted.

WARMLY COMMENDED

Sin—We have read w i t it much interest in your paper about the Senior Citizens project for Montague. We feel we can- not let this opportunity pass without commenting on the gen- erous gift of land. donated b one of Montague‘s leading citiz- ens. namely Mr. George Gor- don

This has been ‘in our mlndsl a most generous and thoughtful gesture and feel sure the people in that. must appreciate

There is a remarkable degree

‘ of group action In the world of

his wonderful gift lo the Town. i

which will make this project

possible. Citizens such as e ahould go down in history.

We are. Sir. etc.

T W HTMANS

t l

international finance today. It is based on great advances in knowledge of the economics of trade and currencies. and on a growing wisdom in directing them. It. parallels the similarly striking enlargement of knowl- edge and agreement on domes-

tic economic policy ln the Unit e. Behind the scenes. today'a in-

miniaters use the many techni-

‘ques of balance and stability l that are available to them with

virtuosity.

Their genie is the internation- al telephone. They consult on a first name basis with the ut- imost s d and ctr-ordination.

This doesn't mean that politi- cal strains do not impinge on ‘economic. They do. And the in- taudible voices flicking across {the Atlantic have problems. But ' the panic seems almost to have ibeen drained out of em. Cer- ltainly the anarchy and misun-

derstanding and competltive

throat- cutting of the past have been largely drained away.

One almost begins to hope that economics is becoming the servant of men.

. The Unsung Heroes

Milwaukee Journal v

The unsung heroes of interna- tional diplomacy are the inter- preters.

These nameless men and wo- men work beh the acenel. pa- tiently tending the lines of glob- al discourse. amoothlng the path for greater understanding.

You find them in Paris. Lon- on. neva, New York. every capital of international

u- 3

Their interpretation is some- times so fluent and polished that it is more effective than the or- ginal.

The United Nations employs about 80 staff interpreters. most

of

HE (Mr. and Mn, E.K. Wighlman.) of them in New York. the rent

[the UN'I European headquart- ers in Geneva.

There are at least 500 other professional interpreters spread over 25 countries. most of them free lancers.

Secrecy is the byword of the professional interpreter and a keystone of the code of the ln-

ternational Association of Con- ference interpreters. establish- ed 12 years ago.

The MC] atoutly maintains

that members make few mla- takes. But those few can be dan- died.

Oscillating- Eyeballs '

By Dr. Theodore B. Van Dellen

Nye-tar-mul is an ocular cori- dftion in which one or both eye- bal-Ie jerk back and forth. pendently of other eye move- ments. These rhythmic oscilla- tions or tremors are little more than a flicker. They result from a variety of conditions and are useful to the physician in dia- gnosing certain diseases.

The movements usually are from side to side but may be

00 pe Now and then they are too weak or slight to be seen and are d - tected only with a sensitive in- atrument lelectromy stagmo- graph or ENG).

Most people with nystagmua are unaware of it. Others are annoyed by the apparent sway- ing of objects as they look at them. In some instances. tagmus ls associat nodding or tilting and dizziness.

hese oscillations represent a relfex from the balancing mech- anism of the ear. In Menlere'a syndrome. for example. the vic- tim not only has nystagmua but .dizziness. nausea. and ear nois- les. Nystagmus also is associat- ed with a variety of nervous dis- orders.

Children with poor vision may develop these ocular movements as a mechanism to obtain the best fixation on an object— a sort of discriminate vision. Ba- bies born blind and those who lose sight shortly after birth all ave a noticeable nystagmua. This does not occur when blind- ness comes on later in life. Youngsters who have lived in dark surroundings may be af- flicted after their third birthday and often the condition is assa- ciatcd with head nodding. Many albinos develop nyslagmus and

nya~ head

tinuously in dim light.

Heavy drinkers are said to have nystagmus that persists up to 12 hours after drinking. even though the blood no longer con-

jtains alcohol. It is not marked:

movements. They are noted when turning the head and may present some problems for the , individual when he drives a car l on the day after imbibing.

l l l

f SHIVERING INDUCES HEAT

. . writes: Whenever I no , outside in the cold from a warm room. 1 shiver for about five

minutes. What can I do to pre- ‘

.1 vent this chilling? REPLY

Wear warmed clothing. Shiv- ering is a warming mechanism: 1 muscle contractions generate 1 more j NUTRITION : M. M. writes: What the -usual results of malnutrition?