Spondon, «= England,
_ CHARLOTTETOWN, P. &.
“This is true Liberty, whea Free Bo taf
coe a
rm Men, having to advise the Public, may speak free.”—Evairings,
LAND. SATURDAY, OCTOBER
ee
24, 1891.
Stncie Corres Two Cenrs
A a
VOL. 28.—NO. 127
—
MOON'S CHANGES,
; { nn HT R
if ypSNDAR P sie OCTOBER, 1891, | a - q |
Bong OOD, Qnd day, Sh., 48.4m, p.m., NW, | ae tron Sow aero th day, 6h., 44.3m, pm, &,} ee aext Quarter Stan Ot 20D a. m.. Wi eS s plow hertz eee ; : eo W | _.a(narter, 20°02 Gay, 9h., 44.7m, a.m., S\) a _ __—_ ———— SCS Suan ‘Sun | Moocons High! Days | BB pat OF WEEE -isesisets | rises | wat'r) lenh | ‘ et : ——— h m'h mimorn! after h m x — 5 36, 4 17 10 BL IL 33 ie | nave’ 34| 5 20:11 ©2) & 30 my era) 831 6 23.11 30; 27 ae fsetare™? 7 26 mora | 24 a j sed) a aw 2 Sle 4 2” 5 ie ly} 27) 9 33! 0 34 i7 a + Weinesday i auto 46 i 11 4 a Sane siay 12} 2 i o4 oo il Bitsy Me ee Soot oe ee ay 15! 19,155; 357) 4 a 16| 17} 2 43) 5 24 I See 18 151 3 23) 6 52.10 88 eas 19} 141354) 8 2 64 Bee day | 20 124 20/855) Sl Dmertay | 22; 101 443/940) 48 yi,ae ” 4 5 BS ig friday vn len BB oe Oe satura 25) 6 5261) 2) 42 hitenday 26 $ > ane 41 3d . Wonday 97 3: 6 Zilia 23 35 el teenlat 29} 1,658;1 6] 3 Be 1 Wedueslay ' SO'4 59 7 45: ] 55} 29 j p Thursday $2} 57; & 41 : vu) 26 2 » Friday : 33; 56: 9 44 3 55 93 pesstarday 34, 54,10 50, 5 10 “0 Me y sunday 36; 5211 57, 6 2t) 4 | Monday 37 | dl morn : oa 13 Briuaisy | 39) 49/2 3 823} 20 MM » Wednes ay 40; 43 2 i; 8 o<| i oo Thorada. 42) 45,310) 927) 4 © i Friday 43, 4442410 O)10 1 ; 6 45\4 431 5 17/10 32] 9 58
a si Satard3y
a
OciaRh | CAKEBREAD & C0,
TEA MERCHANTS,
-—AND ALSO—— First-Class West India Firms, ete.
meee ee
: SPECIALTIES: Tea, Sugar and Molasses. Careful attention saa Be consignments of
Prince Edward Island Produce. REFERBNCE-—Bank of Nova Scotia.
7 (FPR—Pickford & Black's Wharf.
Halifax, August 13, 1891—dy & wy
severa!
—
SOOTHING, Hes: i a. » instant Aciiei, Permanent & Cure, Failune lmpossib/e. Many so-calied diazeases are £ Simply symptoms of Catarrh, such as headache, losing scnse of smell, foul brenth, hawking and spitting, general feeling of debility, etc. If you are troubled with any of these or Kindred symptoms, you have Catarrh, 2ud should lose no ¥ time procuring a bottle of 3 Nasa, Barat, Sho warned in time, neglected cold in head tesulis in Catarrh, followed ¥ by consumption and death. Sold by ail druggists, or sent, # post paid, on reccipt of price Wee tgand$1 by addressing FULFORD& €0. Brockville. Gat. ore
THE BEST IS THE CHEAPEST,
ohh D—
> tee mea S227.
USENCES and SPICES ——-ARE—— LlHoae BaEsT.
tli —t t » tf ss
SRATEFUL—COMFORTING
PSS GEGGE
“. BREAKFAST.
laws wit thorongh knowledge of the natnre) 4d ny ich g°vern the operations of digestior fing ‘rition, and SY & Carefu avpiic ation of the hag braperties of we' selected Cecoa, Mr. Kpps rOvided our }- kfast tables with a de.i- any piSPored beverage which may save ue of SVS doctors’ biils. It is by the fudicious May Mich erticies of diet that a constitntion Pesiat ee eaually vist np until] s\rompy enongh to Pbtle ooh tendency to disease. Hundreds of Stack ladles are floating around as ready te May coca «there is a weak point. We les wel (oe uy® fatal shaft by keeping our yerty ‘Ortified with pure biced anda pro io athod frame.”—Oivil Service Gazetts, ped mply with boiling water or mitk. ¥ in packeta, by Grocers, labelled thas:
4MES EPpg ¢. CO., He~mopathic Chemiste, London, England.
S.S, FASTNET, HALIFAX [0 DEMERAR
' DA AFTERNOON, at 4 o'clock esiling at the following ports :—
Souris, Port Hastings, Mawkesbury, Arichat & Canso.
PY TL sail for Hatit-x every THURS. Entermediate Ports.
‘HT is intended to sail the S, 8, TAYMOUTH
2 ¥; September 24, cclling at Bermuda, St. | eennN 7 Kitt’s, Antigua, Uvadaloupe, ; ;Vominica, Martinique, St. Lucia, Barbad
Returning, will leave Halifax every MON and Trinidad, Bitiralng via same ports >
DAY EVENING; at 6 o'clock, making the’ Pa Ss. S. ALPHA Ye We - e
same Calls, NEIL HALt, CON {NDER,
FURNESS LINE,
——BETWEEN——
‘London and Halifax. Sermaia, Tork's Island and Jamaica
FROM LONDON. The 15th of Every Month.
. aia oi eeeeees September }6th) ——— os : me. 4% S ws Cie s October Ist. —4 rr “cc OTTAWA Coch Sees eM wes oto . sé 15th S. oS _ Bb BTL A.
A. N. SMITH, COMMANDER,
FOR LONDON. ‘Wil Sail for Havana the Ist of
B & OTTAWA «, a. cee September 19th! “" HISTORIAN... sesOctober 10th Every Month. * « DARGRA, os ree =: 10th! — “4 GItewan. ob .c. November 7th
The above steamers have ficst-class aceom. UNTLOtStOWD to Pugwash,
modation for pasengers, with saloon emid ships, carry a stewardess and do not carry,
cattle, : ye S. 8. MAYFLOWER is intended to make trips between above ports every other day.
London Agents :—
THOS, RONALDSON & SON, 34 Leadenhall Street, London, E. 0.
PICKFORD & BLACK, Agents at Halifax. September 9, 1891—1w dy then eod
| Freight solicited and carried at lowest rates
W. W. CLARKE, Agent at Ch’towa, PLE. L
*
al gi wu
{ oe (9)
$14,000 WORTH!
———— (x) ————
IMMENSE STOCK! BEST QUALITY!
At Prices to Suit Everybody.
ELLING. OFF! -New and. Fashionable Drawing Room and Parlor Suites, Bedroom Suites, Mirr ws. Chiirs, Bed- steads, Tables, Washstands, Window Biiads, Window Poles and all kinds of Window Furniture.
Easy Chairs, Rattan Chairs, Feather, Hair.
Flock and Wool Beds, Mattresses, Pillows, ete. : Gilt Moulding, every style, cheap. Call and examine,
JOHN NEWSON.
Lounges,
Charlottetown, June 4, 1891.
eS
NEW OVERCOATINGS.
————(x)—— We have in stock the best line of Greresutings ever shown by us, in Beavers, elton Pilots, a seys, Cheviots, Blysians, Napa. a Prices the lowest possible. - y and ¥¥orkmanship guaranteed.
Reefers should see our stock before
urchasing. c JOHN McLEUD & CO.
UPPER QUEEN sT REET.
= — a» u ” : ; om Ay Poe HILL, for many years ING ices of Me. U wea aes ai ee HY RIG paswaced seated Jabez Huzhes oho eee at 7 iis and & pigs: : a ‘ ake ‘ Royal Funily, ‘persona wishiug high clase Paow specimens. < cautiful enlarged Portraits 02 op oa “1 attention paid to beauti sed for. truthfulness and ise 1 colors which are greatly admired | ‘aly taking the place of eee hig “ae rmanent Portraits are cicnl yas work. z i P oad : it onscie ‘ ae ons iene at prices consistant =e Sei by us o¢ from any Pp Kinda, and om Pe oduced from negatives, oc Sake Glass Positives, etc., et, They can bee guerreoty pes, Ivory Miniatures, however old an +s Oo amtisfaction. =
i i ive enti 4 : es ae the place. Over Apothecaries Hal
Chariottetown, Sept. 23, 1891.
do well to ca
finished
and p +p r,
aD
vette ~! yr
dy & wky
TER IN COUNCIL.
Port! 5, CASTLE for the above ports on THURS. |
IKer-
he Queen and 1} and see
delicacy of finish. | all iatertor |
hotograph = ‘our instruction must take a more advanced
ne Se
Francis Bain on Natural Science
| Sieeiise
‘An Excellent, Readabie, Thought:
| ful Paper.
| Practical Ideas for all Con- cerned in the Edueation | of Our Youth.
~—
(MR. OXENHAM'S REPORT CONTINUED.) | STUDY OF NATURAL SCIENCE. | The following: paper onthe above subject was read by Francis Bain, Esq :
As this is the first occasion on which I have had the pleasure of meeting with the | Teachers’ Association, | will take the lib
erty of expressing the high appreciatien I have of the position whish the teachers of
| our Island hold in regard to its intellectual
In immediate contact with ind of youth, the teachers irations and influence its development ago other class of the com- munity is privileged to do. | In this process of youthful training two {modes can be adoptel. The child ean be taught always te dépend for his informa- tion upon others for ever referring to | authority, and thus be made to occupy the potition of an underling and weakling all his days in the arena of thought. Or he can be educated’to go to the field of na- ture, the reaims of matter and fact around him, and manfuily and independently -ac- , quire information for himself, becoming a leader, or at least an independent actor, in the world’s great field of intellectual move- ment. | Jtis just heré where the study of Na- tural Science is so important in education. It takes us away trom a slavish dependence ‘upon authority and teaches us tu investi- gate and ascertain the facts of nature for ourselves. All active, strong and inde- /pendent minds @elight in origmal investi- gation. It was this that made Galileo, Kepler and Newton distinguished fromthe general herd of their time. It is tis that }sets Darwin, Huxley and Tyndai in ihe forefront of the thought of our age and @iakes their hghyest word at prasent the | keyliote of the world’s intellectual march. | All great poets, statesraen and econvomists won théir distinction by industry and truthful observation of mature. And the ‘principle that is goed iv the higher spheres of action holds ajso in the more humble. The child delights in original observation. The green fields, "neath the open sky, the fresh walks of nature, are the class room where it learns its earliest, most readily re- iceived and most permanently retained les- ,sons. How rapidly it learns the forms and ‘features, and even the common names, of everything it comes in contact with here ! | How slowly it takes in the dull lessons of | the book, conveyed through the complicat- ‘ed and artificial medium
| improvement. | the susceptible: ,can direct its
of language |! ' Scientific teaching continues and extends the former of these modes of instruction. For example, if it wishes to inform a child what a cube is, instead of telling it orally, ‘that a cube is a regular solid with six equal ' sides, it places a cubic body in its hands, ‘lets it see it and feel it, and lets it exercise \on it all its powers of perception and intel- ligence. In this manner the child not only learns-its lesson accurately, but has the additional advantage of observing nature for itself, which will become a great part of its business through future life. In the ‘study of natural scieace, we extend these ‘simple object lessons indefinitely to the most complicated subjects of natare, and, during the whole process, weteach the | child to observe nature, to study nature, to ‘command nature, the great world in which we live in and move, and where we each must work out our destiny. From the very constitution of its being, the unbiassed mind of the child delights in ‘intercourse with nature. A creature of | this world, raised from the dust to be the ‘crown and ruler of creation, it exults with every jaculty of its nature in intercourse with that great world of being of which it |e but an integral part. The glory of the ‘nightly sky, the grandeur of the mighty deefy the recks’ stern majesty, and the ‘meadow’s scented beauty, the babbling, crystal streamlets, the murmuring forests, the starry wild flowers, and the woodland songster’s grace and melody—all are ob- jects of unbounded joy and interest to the fresh, buoyant soul of childhood. | Jt is our duty to cultivate this spirit of youth, and to direct and improve it by aid- | ing the child in am intelligent perception of | those wonders and besuties which it so {mach enjoys. With a very little labor children can be taught the proper names of
Parties in need of Mvercoats OP the flowers and plants that crowd round
‘their homes, and of the insects, birds and J animals that they meet in their daily ram- ibles. An intelligent tutor will also readily, ,and almost without labor, instruct in the | methods of classification of these, and in an | intelligent conception of the great furces of inature. hese simple lessons need scarce- ly interfere with their regular atudies, for ito most children it is a mere, pastime to ‘eollect and name the woodland treasures
their itelligent
'their observations uf nature, #0 that fheir
. +9 | that they deiight in. A few short rambles { ‘also’ in company with lteacher would du much good in ting
Chief Operator) ... daily wanderings may bee me acurces
of instruction as well as of delight. Thus {the child’s mind will every dsy gather i strength and kuowledge as it
** Goes abroad, rejuicing in the joy Of beautiful and well-created thiogs. When childheo& developes into youth
”
m regarding ion of those ‘the forms of
?
character. We must inform the laws of nature, the ‘ ever-living forces that mo
being, and preserve the ceaseless energy of change and metion throughout the uni-
verse, But here the dry _ instruc- tions of books alone must be out of the question. The youth must learn the operations of nature out in
her own field. You tell your boy that the present surface features of the countries round him, the forms of hill and dale, of mountain and of plain, are the result of the operation of physical forces through long past ages. To give him an intelligent idea of this you must show him these forces in operation. You must take him to the rocky shores and show him the deep wave slowly mining at its cliffs; you must point him to the vast spreads of marine alluvivm which are building up new lands beneath the restless-waters; you must let him see rivulet; and stream, and river, bearing, inch by inch, in their turbid bosoms, the flowing hills to the sea,—and thus exhibit to his gaze the slow, almost imperceptible operations of the eternal laws of nature by which, through ages such immense re- sults are accomplished. You may talk about tht relics of past ages, but to create enthusiasm in youth regarding them, you must take him to the rocky shore and let him handle the treasures for himself; and there, and there alone, will he learn ‘hose secret and complicated, processes by which Nature changes herafiost fragile forms into enduring monuments of her history.
You inform your pupil of the grand cir- culation of the atmosphere, producing the regular flow of the trade and passage winds. Little is the interest which he takes in what seems to him a_ purely theoretical matter. But, on a golden summer-day, standing beneath the azure vault, you direct his attention to the long, pearly- tinted streamers of war-clouds floating up from the southwest on the bosom of the great passage wind current,—at once his interest is excited, as he stands face to face with the grand phenomena of nature.
You wish to inform your pupil regarding the character of the useful minerals and metals which have done so much for human comfort and improvement in connection with the arts and manufactures, and you find how useless for this purpose are the descriptions usually given. But place specimens of these minerals, in their differ- ent forms, in his hand, and at once he has an acquaintance with them such as no oral description could convey.
in all the arts, an acquaintance with natural science is of great importance; but to none is it of equal benefit as to agricul- ture. Oldest of the human arts, this yet has most to learn and most to improve. Agriculture deals so largely with the laws and operations of nature that it has every- thing to learn from Natura! Science. The great business of our Island Province is ag- riculture, and in the education of our youth the study of Natural Science is of the utmost importance, as laying the true foun- dation of an agricultural education,
In every operation which the farmer undertakes, from the preparation of the svil and the making and application of manures to the gathering and husbanding of crops and the rearing and care of stock, he would be guided, instructed and assisted by the teachings of natural science. The physical and chemical constitution of the soil, and its relation to the air, heat and moisture, the germination of the seed, the growth and development of the plant, and its relations to all atmospheric and meteoric agencies ; the cunditione of the maturing aud ripening of the crop, the relations of the latter to the animals which it isdestined to support, and a thousand other questions which we cannot now specify, are all the proper subjects of natural science, and never can be properly understood without a knowledge of those laws of nature which it is the province
of natural science to explain. As an agri- cultural community, we want natural science taught in oar schools. Our youth-
ful farmers have a right to be taught the constitution and qualities of rocks and soils, and the laws which regulate the lives of the animals and plants with which they have every day to deal. It may seem dif- ficult to teach science in our common schools, but the way te accomplish it is te have it taught faithfully in the Normal School, and let the teachers go to the country qualified to give a definite amount of instruction in this line. No complicated apparatus will be required. The well-in- structed teacher will find his apparatus ready at hand in the field of nature. A visit to a neighboring field will enable him to point out, with the greatest facility, the difference between a fertile sandy-loam and an unproductive clay. The wet, reteative character of the latter, with its useless growth of coarse vegetation, its lateness and difficulty of tillage, can all be shown in a moment, and the operation of the natural laws involved explained with the greatest clearness and force on the spot. So with the principles of tillage and the action of fertilizers, the laws plant-growth and nutrition. All these need more wit and intelligence on the part of the teacher than ecapvlicated apparatus for their pro- per explanation.
An acquaintance with natural science en “ébles a man to be an original thinker, investi- gator end operator in agriculture and all the useful arts. It would free our youths from the slavery of meniel positions in city life, and seud them forth to be engineers, con- tractors, miners, explorers, and tillers and Powners of the soil. A crying evil of our times is that our towns areghcing overcrowded with an ill-fed and idle population, while the great natural resources of the country are neglected For this our educational system is largely re sponsible. We instract the youth in all the re tinements of language and calculation necessar. forsuccess in the marks of trade, in city life; bat ef the more manly methods of thought and investigation necessary ior desling with the uncultured ficlds of nature we teach them nothing. The result is, that, with the grand inheritance of an unoceuvied empire before themia the Dominion of Canada, our youth are cowering in the cities, in place of going forth to claun the boundless riches of the i Instruction in natural science would givé'Gur young men a taste for ani an ability te deal with the rude fields of natures, which would make them the successful explorers,
pioneers and cultivators broad Dominion.
But not only in a pecuniary way is the study of nature required. We need it for thesacred purpose of the soul's high develop- ment. Slowly, but surely, t h the ages past, has the awakened human intellect been grasping the facts of nature, and gradually disinthralling itself from the slavery of tradi- tion and superstition, In our own day the advance in philosophy has scarcely been less marked than that in the fields of art; and every advance in thought has simply been co-ordinate with the march of scientific dis- covery. Natural science is leading the world’s thought because the facts of nature are the only true foundations of all our knowledge. The treasures won in this field are the richeat jewels of modern thought, the crown of the world’s proud realm of intellect. Every vigorous mind delights in the contem- plation of these, and in the pursuit for itself of similar methods of investigation. But if we refuse to instruct our youths in the elements of science, we bar ‘them from the the tield where the highest laurels are won, we Myer them to be underlings in the
throughout this
world of thought and leave the richest laurels and Tighest honors to be won by others. “‘Higher, higher will we climb
Up the mount of glory, That our names may live through time
In our country’s story.” Excelsior ! is the aspiration of every noble, youthful spirit, Itis our duty to direct its energies into those lines of thought and study which will lead to the highest and happiest results. Ch’town, Oct. 9, 1891.
Can You Dress a Doll? The Queen wishes a largenumber of dolla dressed for its Poor Children’s Christmas Tree for 1891, and in order to interest girls and young ladies to assist in this work, they offer a Prize Doll Competition to those who dress a dell for the purpose. This competition is open to girls under sixteen
years of age, residing in Canada or the
United States, duplicate prizes being given for each country. The Queen furnishes the dolls, charges prepaid. They are to be dressed and returned before December Ist, 1891.
The cash prizes of each $50, $25 and $15 and many other prizes of value will be given for the best dressed dolls, according to merit. Send ten three-cent stamps, and receive, charges prepaid, one full-bodied imported Doli, a lithograph plate illus- trating ten dressed dolis in colors, and hree months’ trial subscription to the (Jueen.
The Queen is Canada’s popular family magazine. It isa large 48-page monthly publication, devoted to ladies .and the family circle. It has more than double the circulation of any other publication in Canada, Subscription price, only $1.00 a year. Address THe CanaDIAN Queen, 58 Bay Street, Toronto, Canada,
sept22—t t's tf
The plump pussy cat by the backyard pump. Sits languidly, lazily purring,
And Clarissa Jane, by the old pine stump, The apple-butter is stirring.
Clarissa Jane feels like working after using Campbell's Quinine Wine, oct 20tf
Gold has been found in the bed of Beaver Creek, between Plevna, Addington county, and Lavant, Lanark count, Ont,
“Mary, before you put baby in the bath, use the thermometer to get the temperature of the water.” “It’s no use,” ove Mary,
by will
“for sure if the water's too hot the
all be red; and if the water's too coldjthe baby will all be blue—and that’s all that’s about it:”’ If Mary used Campbell's Quinine Wine she wouldnot be so cranky. oct 20tf
The drouth in New York state threatens to interfere with traffic on the Delaware and Hudson canai, owing to low water.
Lapies who are suffering from suppressions, bearing-down pains, nervous or any kind of female weakness, will find Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills are an infallible eure. Try them.
—~ 7
; You.” | " Who?” “Why the inventor of
COTES | EMULSION
Which cured me of CONSUMPTION,
Give thanks for its discovery. @That it does not make you sick when you { take it.
Give thanks. That it is three times as efficacious as the old-fashioned cod liver oil.
Give thanks. That it issuch a wonder- ful fiesh producer.
Give thanks, Thatitis the best remedy for Consumption, Scrojula, Bronchitis, Wasting Dis-
{ eases, Coughs and Colds.
{ Besure you get the genuinein Salmon
color wrapper; sold by all Druggists, at
5oc. and $1.00. .
SCOTT & BOWNE, Belleville.
~~ . ——9
————_—
~~~
TT ADTCLUOADA ti HART SHORN inc‘st upon having the HARTSHORA, SOLO BY ALL DEALERS. Factory, Toronto, Ont First-class material and workmanship. Teeth filled at reasonable rates. — DR,
J.P. MURRAY, Queen Street. 2m eod& waug
$200 and $10.0: PEK SET,
po